初英考点精讲 166 习惯用语使用错误【知识点微课课件】

习惯用语使用错误
考点聚焦
命题思路
习惯用语
考点一 命题思路
知识梳理
习惯用语也称为固定搭配，主要考察学生对于常见的固定搭配的记忆情况与分辨情况，学生需要根据题意，选择合适的固定搭配。固定搭配一般还和介词和冠词一起考察。
考点二 习惯用语
知识梳理
1. turn
turn?on打开????turn?over翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转?????
turn?out证明为，结果，制造成品????turn?to转向，求助????
turn?down调低，拒绝?????turn?against变得敌视，反对??
2. think
think?of想起?think?of…as把…看作?think?out想出?think?up想出
think?about考虑????think?over仔细考虑??
???
考点二 习惯用语
知识梳理
3.?take
take?off脱掉，起飞??take?on呈现?雇佣????take?away拿走?????????????
take?in吸收，领会????take?up从事，占用（时间空间）?????
take?down记录，取下???????take?back收回????take?for误认为
4.?set
set?up建立???set?off出发，触发，引起??set?out动身，着手(to?do)??
set?about开始着手(doing)??
?????????????
考点二 习惯用语
知识梳理
5.?put
put?up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下??put?up?with忍受????
put?out伸出，扑灭????put?off推迟????put?into放进?
6. make
make?up编造，配制，打扮，组成????make?up?for弥补??
make?into?/?of?/?from?制成????make?for走向，驶往，促使
make?out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单） ???
考点二 习惯用语
知识梳理
7.?look
look?up查找，向上看??look?through翻阅，浏览????look?on…as看作????
look?after/?at?/?for?照顾/看/寻找????look?out(for)当心?????
look?about?/?around/round四下查看????look?down?upon瞧不起
8. get
get?down下来，记下，使沮丧????get?on进展，进步，穿上，上车????
get?off脱下,下车????get?over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复?????
get?along?with进展，相处????get?up起床????get?round消息传开
典例剖析
例1：When?there?is?not?more?food?for?their?animals，they?move?to?another?place.??
【说明】not改为no，?固定词组no?more表示“不再…”的意思。???
例2：This?was?because?there?was?no?machine?allowing?a?person?to?breathe?under?water?for?long?time.?
【说明】for?long?time改为for?a?long?time，表示“一段时间”。?
中考链接
1. Coustean?was?very?interested?on?diving?deep?into?the?sea.
【说明】on改为?in，固定词组be?interested?in?表示“在…(方面)有兴趣”。这是一个介词(固定搭配)?方面的错误，介词的误用主要指介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配、介词惯用词组等方面产生的错误。
2. On?my?way?home，?I?found?an?old?man?walking?in?the?front?of?me.?
【说明】去掉the，介词短语in?the?front?of?表示“在…的前部”，而in?front?of?则表示“在…的前面”。
备考技巧
一、仔细阅读题目，根据上下文理解题目意思
二、根据题目意思，选择合适的短语、固定搭配和习惯用语
思维导图
命题思路
习惯用语
习惯用语使用错误
习惯用语也称为固定搭配，主要考察学生对于常见的固定搭配的记忆情况与分辨情况，学生需要根据题意，选择合适的固定搭配。固定搭配一般还和介词和冠词一起考察。
1. turn
turn?off?/?on打开????turn?over翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转?????
turn?out证明为，结果，制造成品????turn?to转向，求助????
turn?down调低，拒绝?????turn?against变得敌视，反对????
turn?away打发走，驱逐，转过脸去????turn?back返回，转回去????
turn?round转过身来????turn?up向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大????
turn?in上缴????turn?upside?down把倒置，弄得乱七八糟???
2. Think
think?of想起?think?of…as把…看作?think?out想出?think?up想出
think?about考虑????think?over仔细考虑??
3.?take
take?off脱掉，起飞??take?on呈现?雇佣????take?away拿走?????????????
take?in吸收，领会????take?up从事，占用（时间空间）?????
take?down记录，取下???????take?back收回????take?for误认为?????????????
take?along随身带?????take?over接管??????take?charge?of负责???
3.?take
take?sth.?for?granted想当然??take?hold?of抓住????
take?pride?in以…?为自豪???take?the?place?of?代替????
take?turns?to?do轮流做????take?office就职?
4.?set
set?up建立???set?off出发，触发，引起??set?out动身，着手(to?do)??
set?about开始着手(doing)??
5.?put
put?up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下??put?up?with忍受????
put?out伸出，扑灭????put?off推迟????put?into放进????
put?down记下，平息??put?on穿戴，上映，增加(put?on?weight/speed)????
put?forward?提出，提前?
6. pass
pass?away去世????pass?by经过????pass?down(on)…to传给????
pass?through经历?
7. make
make?up编造，配制，打扮，组成????make?up?for弥补??
make?into?/?of?/?from?制成????make?for走向，驶往，促使
make?out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）?????
8.?look
look?up查找，向上看??look?through翻阅，浏览????look?on…as看作????
look?after/?at?/?for?照顾/看/寻找????look?out(for)当心?????
look?about?/?around/round四下查看????look?down?upon瞧不起?
9.?keep
keep?up?(courage,?English,?spirits)保持，????keep?up?with跟上????
keep?off?(grass)不接近，离开?????keep?away?from避开，不接近，
keep?out?of?????keep?to?(rules,?promise)坚持，遵守???
keep?on继续，坚持下来????keep?back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下????
keep?from克制，阻止?
10. get
get?down下来，记下，使沮丧????get?on进展，进步，穿上，上车????
10. get
get?down下来，记下，使沮丧????get?on进展，进步，穿上，上车????
get?off脱下,下车????get?over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复?????
get?along?with进展，相处????get?up起床????get?round消息传开
get?through打通电话，完成，通过?????get?close?to?sth.?接近，几乎????
11. die
die of(disease/hunger/grief/old?age)死于（疾病, 饥饿, 寒冷, 情感原因）???
die?from死于（意外事故、情形）?die?out绝种???die?down(炉火)渐熄?
12.come
come?about发生，出现???come?in进来???come?on来临/?快点????
come?out出版，结果是????come?over走过来???come?across偶然碰到????
come?back回想起???come?from来自，源自?
13.break
break?down出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开?break?off暂停
break?in强行进入，插话????break?into闯入???break?out爆发???
break?up捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散???break?through突破