初英考点精讲 131 篇章结构理解能力【知识点微课课件】

篇章结构理解能力
激趣导入
Yellow?is?the?color?of?__5__.?People?say?it?is?a?cheerful?color.?They?associate?yellow?too,?with?happiness.?Green?is?the?cool?color?of?grass?in?__6__.?People?say?it?is?a?refreshing?color.?In?general,?people?__7__?two?groups?of?colors:?warm?colors?and?cool?colors.?The?warm?colors?are?red,?orange?and?__8__.?Where?there?are?warm?color?and?a?lot?of?light,?people?usually?want?to?be?__9__.?Those?who?like?to?be?with?__10?_?like?red.?The?cool?colors?are?__11_??and?blue.?Where?are?these?colors,?people?are?usually?worried.?Some?scientists?say?that?time?seems?to?__12?_?more?slowly?in?a?room?with?warm?colors.?They?suggest?that?a?warm?color?is?a?good?__13_??for?a?living?room?or?a?__14_?.?
9.?A.?calm????B.?sleepy??C.?active???D.?helpful
同学们，请分析下面例题，理解本题考查的内容。
本课我们一起来学习英语完形填空中篇章结构理解题型的做法。
考点 命题思路
知识梳理
语篇一般是指比单一一个句子长的语言单位（即句群、段落、篇章等）。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语统称为“语篇标志”。如：
表示结构层次的:firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally?
表示逻辑关系的：thus（从而），therefore（因此），so（所以）
表示改变话题的：by?the?way（顺便说一句）等等。
在做完型填空时，充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。
典例剖析
Every?year?students?in?many?countries?learn?English.?Why?do?all?these?people?want?to?learn__2__??It?is?not__3__to?answer?this?question.?……?It?is?one?of?their?__4__.?Many?people?learn?English?because?it?is__5__in?their?work.?Some?young?people?learn?English because?some?of?their?books?are__7__English.?Other?people?learn?English?because?they?want?to?__8__newspapers?in?English.?Some?people?learn?English?because?they?want?to?__9__?in?the?USA,?……??
3.?A.?hard?B.?easy?C.?good?D.?nice
【解析】由文章内容来看，人们学习英语的原因多种
多样，因此回答为什么那么多人学习英语这个问题并不容易
典例剖析
One?of?the?most?important?things?is?__5__?.?If?I?fail?to?receive?higher?education,?my?education?__6__.?As?I?want?to?be?a?fully?__7__?man,?I?must?get?a?well-rounded?education,?which?good?colleges?and?universities?are?supposed?to?__8__.?I?know?one?can?get?educated?in?many?ways,?but?colleges?and?universities?are?__9__?the?best?places?to?teach?me?how?to?educate?myself.?Only?when?I?am?well-educated,?will?I?be?a?better?human?being?and?__10__?fit?into?society.?
5.?A.?education??B.?weather?C.?temperature??D.?science?
【解析】本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。
中考链接
Leonardo?may?have?been?the?greatest?genius?(天才)?__4__?have?ever?known.??For?example,?one?of?his?notebooks?has?drawings?of?a?helicopter.?Of?course,?he?couldn‘t?__5__?a?helicopter?with?the?things?he?had.?But?scientists?say?his?idea?would?have?worked.??
But?Leonardo?__6__?an?inventor.?He?was?one?of?the?greatest?artists?of?his?day.?By?the?time?he?was?twenty?years?old,?he?was?called?a?master?(?大师)?painter,?ands?he?got?older?he?became?__7__?more?famous.?
6.?A.?was?just??B.?wasn’t?just?C.?wasn’t???D.?was?no?longer?
【解析】这一句起承上启下的作用，意为“达?芬奇不仅仅是一名发明家”，故选择?wasn’t?just。
备考技法
通读全文，理解全文大概意思
借助语篇标志理解篇章结构，分析需要选择的内容
按语法和意义选择合适的选项
思维导图
利用实际例题引入
命题思路
备考技法
篇章之间的结构关系
通读全文，理解全文大概意思
借助语篇标志理解篇章结构，分析需要选择的内容
按语法和意义选择合适的选项
篇章结构理解能力