初英考点精讲 136 猜测词义【知识点微课课件】

猜测词义
考点 命题思路
知识梳理
猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一一个确定的词义。
所谓上下文(context)，正如英语辞典所解释的，其作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。
据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
典例剖析
The underlined word “ response” can be replaced （代替）by .
A. result B. answer C. question D. key
【解析】从题干知是词义猜测题。方法技巧:迅速从短文中找到划线的词，仔细研读该词前后的上下文。结合常识想象推理。
【原文】I ran quickly to my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor‘s doorbell , knocked at the door, but there was no response. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.
根据后句: I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together. 可知邻居已经昏迷了。作者敲门没有人应答。故选B。
典例剖析
Which of the following can be properly put in____
A. food B. vocabulary C. recipe D. instructions
【原文】All grammar and have been carefully chosen to make sure the users can understand French well. After learning for some time, the users can test themselves by doing as short test on the computer
【解析】根据and是表并列关系的连词，而and前的单词是grammar,与grammar(语法)同类型的单词应该是vocabulary (单词)。故选B。
典例剖析
What does the underlined word “spectacular” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Frustrating. B. Surprising. C. Terrible. D. Fantastic.
【原文】Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular sight it must be-thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once!
【解析】词义猜测题。由划线词后一句的句意:成千上万的火烈鸟马上飞到天上。想想那种场面，可知答案为D。Fantastic 奇妙的，壮观的。
中考链接
根据上下文写出③处所缺单词:
You may think you're not very good at some school subjects or ③ is impossible for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you from getting your dream.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据空白处前一句意:你也许会认为你不是很擅长某些学科，后一句意:或者成为一个作家是不可能的。It's +形容词+for sb to do sth是一个固定句型。故答案为: It.
中考链接
任务一:请根据短文内容，分别写出(1)、 (2)处所缺单词(每空限填一词)
71. Andy was still traveling in Spain when he realized he had to confirm (确认) his__________________(1) home with the airline company.
【解析】第一个空我们可以根据句子后面的短语来确定with the airline company和航空公司，所以是他的航班，所以填flight;
“No, sir. However, the next flight out will be three days from now” Andy's____________ (2) of shock turned to pleasure as he realized that now he could continue his vacation.
【解析】由最后的句子:安迪的___由震惊变得高兴，因为他意识到他可以继续他的旅程。我们推测句子需要的意思，应该是安迪的表情，所以填look / expression。
备考技法
根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。
运用语法知识进行语法分析。
依靠常识和经验做出判断。
思维导图
备考技法
根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。
猜测词义
运用语法知识进行语法分析。
依靠常识和经验做出判断。