初英考点精讲 138 推理判断【知识点微课课件】

推理判断
考点聚焦
1、命题思路
2、推断题类型
考点一 命题思路
知识梳理
考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案。
根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ..等进行提问。
考点二 推断题类型
知识梳理
1、细节推断：这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。但有时需要在了解文章大意后，才能做出判断。
2、逻辑推断：这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情、动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。
3、对作者的意图和态度的推断：此类考题要求就作者对论述对象持何态度做出推断，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的思想倾向和感彩不一定直接表述出来，而隐含在文字里。因此，推断时，既依靠短文的主题思想作为推断前提，又注意作者的措辞。
典例剖析
（判断是非）45. The writer of the passage supports(支持)shopping on line.
【解析】类型：对作者的意图和态度的推断
【原文】A lot of people are crazy doing shopping through the Internet now. Why is it so popular? There are some reasons. First, more and more people have their own computers and their computers can be joined with the Internet. So it is possible for many of them to do shopping through the Internet. Second, shopping through the Internet can save them some money and a lot of time. Third, they don't need to go to the shop themselves. Because of these good facts, few people refuse it.. .But I think more and more people will like this new kind of shopping in the future.
【方法技巧】就作者対网上购物持什么样的态度做出推断。
T
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}How to keep pets
In order to make your pets ___________（68）, you should feed them and keep them clean.
The book, ___________(69), is better for younger students to read.
If you ___________(70) more information, you can go to our website.
典例剖析
【原文】How to Keep Pets
A pet can be our best friend. Do you have pets in your house? Are they in good shape? This book not only offers you many colorful pictures of lovely pets, but also provides you with the knowledge about:
How to choose right pets for yourself.
How to build houses or nests (窝) for your pets. How to feed the pets and how to keep them clean. Buy this book and you will learn more.
【解析】细节推断题。68此空的后半句you should feed them and keep them clean.你应该给它们喂食且让它们保持干净，这样做就是为了让宠物更健康。
【答案】68. healthy或keep/stay healthy。
中考链接
60. Does Rose believe the Knowledgeable can give them some good advice?
_________________________________________________________
Dear Knowledgeable,
I have a good friend, Ann. She is very clever and can speak English really well.
I can't think of any good advice to give her, but you always come up with good solutions to people's problems. Can you give us some good advice? Do you think we can tell the truth to the rest of the students?
【解析】题意: Rose相信the Knowledgeable 能给他们好建议吗?从篇末首句之意:但你总是能想出好主意来解决人们的问题，可推断她相信。
【答案】Yes, she does 逻辑推断
备考技法
与原文相同的细节不能选，
文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。
结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
思维导图
此类题目文章中没有明确的答案。
根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。
以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ..等进行提问
推断题类型
备考技法
1、细节推断
2、逻辑推断
3、对作者的意图和态度的推断
与原文相同的细节不能选，
文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。
结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
推理判断