中考专区二轮专题—主谓一致

(共26张PPT)
Subject-verb Agreement
(主谓一致)
学校 : 翠峦三中
姓名 :马艳萍
Agreement (主谓一致）
一.主谓一致的定义：
谓语动词必须在人称和数上与主语一致
二.主谓一致的三原则:
语法一致原则
意义一致原则
就近原则
1.语法一致原则:主语是单数,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：
My friend has no time to go shopping with me.
My friends have no time to go shopping with me.
2.意义一致原则：主语和谓语的一致不是由主语的语法形式来决定，而是由主语所表达的意义来决定。
例如：
The class are busy writing English passages.
The United States is a developed country which
has advance science and technology.
带有复数词尾的学科名(maths.physics,politics,news)﹑
国家等在意义上是表示单数概念,谓语动词用单数.
3.就近原则.谓语动词的单﹑复数取决于最近它的主语。由
either…or,
neither…nor,
not only … but also
由here或 there等连接引导的句子，谓语动词遵循这一原则。
例如：
Neither you nor he knows how to answer the question
Either she or he has broken the window,for there is no one else there.
There is a teacher and fifty students in the classroom.
三、主谓一致的18种情况:
1.谓语动词必须在人称和数上与主语一致
e.g The news is good / bad.
Dean also uses quite a lot of British English.
.
两个或两个以上的单数名词或代词用and连接做主语时，
谓语动词用复数。但如果表达的是一个单一概念
则用单数，此时后的单数名词无冠词。如:
English and maths are both important subjects
.The poet and writer has come .
Bread and butter is her favorite food
2.不定代词 anyone / anybody, anything,
everyone , everything, something,
someone, no one, nothing ,either, neither, each one, the other, another等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
e.g Everyone is here
.
No one knows the answer
3.集体名词 group , class , family, army , enemy government,crowd ,team,public,如果看成整体，动词用单数，如果是一个个体，则用复数 。
e.g My family is a large one .
All my family love music.
people ,police， cattle(牲口)等集体
名词作主语时，谓语常用复数。
e.g The police are looking for him .
Cattle feed on grass.
4.either…or, neither …nor, not only…but also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与靠近的主语一致。
e.g Not only the teacher but also the students
like playing football .
Either your students or Mr. Zhang knows it.
5.不定代词 each , every, no 所修饰的单数可数名词，即使以and 或逗号连接多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数。
e.g Each boy and each girl wants to serve
the people in the future.
No boy and no girl likes him .
6.either,neither 单独作主语，谓语常用单数。None 指可数名词时用单复数均可。
Neither of the answers is right
Which would you like ,coffee or tea
Either is ok
None of my classmates has/have been there
7.分数,百分数作主语,谓语常与其后of 短
语的概念一致,of 后表示复数概念，谓语用
复数，of 后表示单数，谓语动词用单数。
e.g Three fifths of the workers here are
women.
80% of his money was spent on books.
8. the number of 短语作主语时，谓语
用单数。a number of 短语作主语
时，谓语用复数。
e.g The number of students in our school is
1876.
A number of students like playing football.
9. 表示金钱、时间、价格、距离、重量、国
家名称、书名、报刊名等的复数形式作主
语，常视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
e.g Ten years is a very short time
Twenty dollars is too dear.
10. Here , there引起的倒装句，谓语与其后
主语一致，如为并列主语，采取就近原则。
e.g Here comes the bus
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
There are two pens and a pencil on the desk.
11.代词 what ,who ,which ,any ,all ,most ,more
等作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数 ，
主要由它们所代替的意义决定。 e.g
What makes you think I am a farmer
He who laughs the last laughs the best.
All of the students have seen the film.
12.定冠词放部分形容词前时，常用于
指人，如(the old, the young ,the rich,
the poor ) 用来指一类人.其后谓语动词
用复数。
The young ______ (be) usually active.
The poor ________ ( be help) by our government.
are
are helped
13.如果主语是“a( this, that ) kind of+名词（单数或复数)”结构,其谓语动词用单数形式；如果主语是“kinds (types ) of +名词，其谓
语动词用复数形式。
This kind of apples ________ (sell) better.
This kind of man______( be )hard to deal with
There_____( be ) four kinds of machines here.
Some new types of computers____ (be ) on show.
sells
is
are
are
14, 表示衣服，或工具的名词，如, trousers, shoes , scissors(剪子), glasses , compasses (圆规), chopsticks 是由两部分构成的一个整体，单独作主语时，谓语一般用复数； 但如果与a pair of 等表示数量单位的短语连用时，谓语则与量词pair在数上一致。
如：His trousers are of good quality .
A pair of trousers was found under the bed .
15，“many a ” 后跟单数可数名词，和“many+复数名词”意思相同，但表示
单数概念，作主语时，后边的谓语用单数
如：Many a young man wants to speak English
.Many a day has passed since she went away
16, “more than one +名词”作主语时，意为复数， 表示：“不止一个”，但谓语动词用单数。
例如：More than one person has passed the exam .
More than one house was burnt down in the fire
17, 不定式短语，动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：To get up early is a good habit
Picking apples is much better than having classes
What he said is not true
When he is going to start is a secret .
18，如果主语是单数，尽管后面有with, together with, along with, as well as , like, but, except ,no less than, including, besides,等引起的短语，谓语动词仍旧用单数如
A teacher with his students has visited our factory .
No one but John and Jim was here yesterday .Nothing but some pens was lost
Mr Brown as well as his children has ever been to Beijing
四. 中考练兵
1. Where_ _ that five dollars I lent you
A. is B. are C. has D .have
2. The number of the students in that
school___ greatly increased in recent
years.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
3. A number of students in our class_____
seen the film.
A. has B. have C. is D. was
4. This kind of apples_____ very good.
A. tastes B. Taste
5. No news _____ good news.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
A
A
B
A
A
6. Ten weeks_____ passed since the
new term began.
A. has B. have C.is D.are
7. One hundred kilometers_____ a large
distance.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
8. Many a student_____ popular music.
A. enjoy B. enjoys
9. Every man and woman_____ invited to
the party.
A. were B. was
10. Neither she nor I_____wrong.
A. am B.is C. Are
A
A
B
B
A
11. The police_____been sent to search
the murderer
A. has B.have
12. Nobody but Wu Dong and Tom___ in
the room.
A. was B. were
13. He as well as I_____ active in singing.
A. am B. is C. are
14. Tom with his parents___watching TV.
A. is B. are C.am
15. Bread and butter ____ what
Americans usually have for breakfast.
A. are B.is C. was D.were
B
A
B
A
B
16. My house and home_ _ at 108 Maryland .
A. is B.are C. were D. is being
17. This pair of shoes_____ .
A. is her B. is hers
C. are hers D. are her
18. Going to bed early and getting up early
_ _a good habit
A. is B. are C.were D.was
19. About 60perent of the students ___ from
the south,the rest of them___ from the north
and foreign countries.
A.are;is B. are;are C.is;are D.is;is
20. Half of the workers here ____ under 30 __ .
A. is;years B. are;year old
C.is;years old D.are;years of age
A
B
A
B
D
CLASS IS OVER!
Good-Bye!