(共38张PPT)
Elizabeth Fry
Elizabeth Fry (1780 - 1845)
Elizabeth Fry was a
Quaker (贵格会教徒,属
于基督教派,废除礼仪,
反对暴力和战争) who became famous for her work to reform the prison system in Britain in the early nineteenth century.
She was born in a Quaker family on May 21, 1780. In 1812 she first visit Newgate Prison in London and was very shocked at the conditions there. From then on she began to work to improve prison conditions in Britain. In 1816, she began her prison school.
Elizabeth Fry was a Quaker. She helped improve prison condition and gave prisoners work and education. Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947.
Elizabeth Fry
(1780-1845), Britain
In 1818, she and 11 other Quakers talked to the leaders of Britain about life in Prison. By the 1820s she and her work had become well known .
贵格会(Quaker)，又称公谊会或者教友派(Religious Society of Friends)，是基督教新教的一个派别。该派成立于17世纪的英国，创始人为乔治·福克斯，因一名早期领袖的号诫“听到上帝的话而发抖”而得名「贵格」(Quaker)，中文意译为“震颤者”，但也有说法称在初期宗教聚会中常有教徒全身颤抖，因而得名。
贵格会的主张
该派反对任何形式的战争和暴力，不尊敬任何人也不要求别人尊敬自己，不起誓，反对洗礼和圣餐。主张人人生而平等，应当被平等对待。主张任何人之间要像兄弟一样，主张和平主义和宗教自由。
贵格会没有等级结构划分,刻意避免在内部出现居于领导地位的神职人员,例如牧师或其他大人物。
贵格会教徒的聚会一般会在一片沉默中开始。在集会进行中，只要愿意，任何一位聚会者都可以上前发言。
该教会坚决反对奴隶制，在美国南北战争前后的废奴运动中起过重要作用。贵格会在历史上提出过一些很进步的思想，其中一部分现在得到广泛接受。
In 1780 Elizabeth Gurney was born in Norwich into a rich Quaker family.
Elizabeth was well educated, which was unusual for a girl in those days.
She helped her mother when she visited the poor and sick.
Later, although Elizabeth had 11 children, she continued to do her charity work.
She first visited Newgate Prison in 1813 and was horrified by what she saw.
There were over 300 women and children crowded into a very small space.
Elizabeth returned with warm clothing and straw for the sick women and children.
Prisoners had to pay for everything in gaol (监狱).
There were no toilets, just a bucket in the corner, and little drinking water.
Children were sent to prison for stealing bread, wool or for damaging trees.
Punishments for rich people were very different from those for poor people.
In 1817 Elizabeth organised a group to help female prisoners at Newgate prison.
She provided items for the women so they could sew, knit and make goods to sell.
She started a prison school for the children to give them something to do.
In 1818 Elizabeth was asked to speak to people in Parliament about the prisons.
The 1823 Gaol Act was passed by Parliament, and some improvements were made.
Elizabeth visited prisons all over Britain and argued for improvements.
She wrote a book about prison conditions.
She helped improve conditions on prison ships travelling to Australia.
Prisoners were no longer chained to the decks during the voyage.
Elizabeth Fry also set up a training course for nurses.
Elizabeth Fry continued to help others until she died on 12 October 1845.
Elizabeth Fry Born 1780.
Died 1845.
Read the article quickly and find the answers to these questions:
1. How did the women prisoners live
They were being treated like animals. They had no beds, clean clothes, food or heating. Any child born in prison had to stay there and had no chance of receiving an education.
2. What did Elizabeth Fry do to help them
She provided food, clean clothes and straw for beds. Later she began a prison school for the children and taught the women to sew, knit and make goods to sell. And later she was
asked to go to the leaders of Britain to discuss how to improve the conditions for prisoners.
3. What’s the result of her effort
There are three results. One is that the women prisoners got some self-respect and improved their conditions for themselves. The second is that her
deeds influent some other women to join in the activity to help the women prisoners. The last one and also the most important one is that in 1947, after she died long time, the Quakers were given the Nobel Peace Prize.
Notes on English prisons in the nineteenth century Elizabeth Fry’s suggestions.
The women were treated like animals.
She taught the women to sew, knit and make goods
Notes on English prisons in the nineteenth century Elizabeth Fry’s suggestions.
They had no beds, clean clothes, food or heating.
She provided food, clean clothes and straw for beds.
Notes on English prisons in the nineteenth century Elizabeth Fry’s suggestions.
The children born in the prison had to stay there and had no chance of an education.
She began a prison school for the children.
Listen to the tape again ,try to understand the text more ,and pay attention to the pronunciation while listening.
