北师大版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 2 Success 课件（4份打包）

(共113张PPT)
UNIT
2
Section
A　TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
晨读晚诵
素养导航
晨读晚诵
Definition
of
Success
Success
is
the
status①
of
having
achieved
and
accomplished
an
aim
or
objective.Being
successful
means
the
achievement
of
planned
goals.
How
to
define②
success
in
life?
The
only
person
that
can
answer
the
question
above
is
you.I
am
neither
able
nor
willing
to
prescribe
the
definition
of
success,as
this
is
not
possible.Every
person
is
thinking
differently
about
being
prosperous③
in
life
and
is
defining
success
in
another
way,so
there
can’t
exist
a
definition
that
is
suitable
for④
all.It
is
very
important
that
you
know
exactly
how
to
define
success
in
life!Make
yourself
aware
what
accomplishment,success
and
prosperity
mean
to
you
in
your
life.Some
might
define
success
as
having
expensive
cars,whereas
others
consider
a
life
full
of
joy
and
happiness
with
their
family
as
the
true
meaning
of
success.
Once
you
have
figured
out⑤
what
is
important
for
you
personally
you
are
able
to
focus
on⑥
your
goals.?
The
meaning
of
success
One
of
the
most
important
key
steps
to
achieve
success
in
life
is
to
know
the
meaning
of
success
for
your
personal
life.The
true
meaning
of
success
goes
far
beyond⑦
the
common
definitions
of
success,such
as
having
a
lot
of
money
and
being
wealthy.Quite
the
opposite:true
success
in
life
cannot
be
measured
with
the
above
named
factors,but
instead
with
the
amount
of
people
that
are
able
to
live
a
better
and
more
advanced
life
because
of
what
you
created.This
is
the
meaning
of
success.Not
the
trophies
people
are
collecting
in
their
lives.Media
and
society
let
us
often
conclude
that
living
a
successful
life
means
to
be
extraordinarily⑧
wealthy.But
the
meaning
of
success
is
to
live
a
happy
life
and
to
make
this
world
a
better
place
for
everyone.
词海拾贝
①status
n.社会地位
②define
v.定义
③prosperous
adj.繁荣的;兴旺的
④be
suitable
for适合
⑤figure
out估算出
⑥focus
on集中精力于
⑦far
beyond远远超越
⑧extraordinarily
adv.特别地
典句欣赏
Some
might
define
success
as
having
expensive
cars,whereas
others
consider
a
life
full
of
joy
and
happiness
with
their
family
as
the
true
meaning
of
success.
译文:有些人可能会把成功定义为拥有昂贵的汽车,而另一些人则认为与家人在一起的生活充满了快乐和幸福,这才是成功的真正意义。
分析:这是一个并列句。句中由whereas连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中含有define...as...短语,第二个分句中含有consider...as...短语,两个短语都意为“把……看成……”。
理解诱思
In
the
author’s
opinion,what
does
success
really
mean?
答案To
live
a
happy
life
and
make
this
world
a
better
place
for
everyone.
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.persistent
adj.　　　　　　　　?
2.optimistic
adj.
　　　
　　　　?
3.astronaut
n.
　　　　　　　?
4.disciplined
adj.
　　　　　　　?
5.millionaire
n.
　　　　　　　?
6.professor
n.
　　　　　　　?
7.symbol
n.
　　　　　　　?
坚持的;执意的　
乐观的,乐观主义的　
宇航员　
遵守纪律的　
百万富翁　
教授
象征,标志　
8.ultimate
adj.
　　　　　　　?
9.dormitory=dorm
n.
　　　　　　　?
10.furniture
n.
　　　　　　　?
11.　　　　　　　　　adj.坚定的,坚决的?
12.　　　　　
adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的?
13.　　　　　
adj.热心的,热衷的?
14.　　　　　
adj.有抱负的,有雄心的?
15.　　　　　
adj.感激的?
16.　　　　　
n.伤,损害??
最后的,最终的　
寝室,学生宿舍　
家具　
determined　
committed　
enthusiastic　
ambitious　
appreciative
injury　
17.　　　　　
n.职业,事业?
18.　　
　　　
n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺?
19.　　　
　　
n.合作,协作?
20.　　　
　　
n.雇员?
21.　　　　
　
adv.舒服地,舒适地?
22.　　　　　
n.大笔的钱,巨款?
23.　　　　　
vt.欣赏;赏识?
24.　　　　　
n.饥饿,饥荒?
25.　　　　　
adj.内疚的,羞愧的?
career　
commitment　
cooperation
employee　
comfortably　
fortune　
appreciate　
hunger　
guilty
重点短语
1.　　　　　　　　　　　有意义;解释得通?
2.　　　　　　　?
退出,脱离;辍学
3.get
on
　　
　　　　　?
4.turn
one’s
back
on
　　　　　　　?
make
sense　
drop
out　
发迹;出人头地
不理会
重点句式
1.He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
who
had
everything
while
many
people
had
nothing.
2.Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.
重点语法
动词-ing形式
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P30-31文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Some
millionaires
have
to
work
hard
to
avoid
losing
the
sense
of
success
they
have
achieved.
2.Sixteen
years
ago,Jason
was
a
poor
man
depending
on
charity
shops.
3.Living
the
lifestyle
of
a
rich
man
brought
Jason
happiness
and
a
sense
of
success
in
life.
4.Jason
gave
away
all
his
money
to
help
others
and
find
the
true
meaning
in
life.
5.Most
people
never
feel
they
have
earned
enough.
答案1~5
TFFTT
B.阅读P30-31文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
should
you
do
to
keep
the
sense
of
achieved
success?
A.Dream
up
ways
of
getting
rich.
B.Become
a
millionaire
quickly.
C.Find
other
forms
of
success.
D.Work
hard
constantly.
答案
D
2.What
does
Jason
like
to
do
in
his
spare
time
at
present?
A.Work
in
a
small
garden.
B.Give
classes
in
a
college.
C.Get
things
from
charity
shops.
D.Give
away
things
to
the
homeless.
答案
A
3.Why
did
Jason
decide
to
live
simply?
A.He
had
nothing
but
money.
B.He
felt
guilty
to
be
a
poor
man.
C.There
were
so
many
poor
people.
D.Money
gave
him
anything
but
happiness.
答案
C
Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.By
and
by
the
boy
came
out,passed
Jimmy
again,　　　　　(pretend)
not
to
see
him,and
went
on
his
way.?
2.Grandmother
went
on
talking
in
her
polite
Virginia
way,　　　　　　　　(not
admit)
her
own
mistakes.?
3.　　　　　　　　
(wash)the
clothes,they
were
now
ready
to
eat.?
4.He
sat
in
the
armchair,　　　　　(read)
a
newspaper.?
5.　　　　　(use)
your
head,you’ll
find
a
good
way.?
6.She
began
counting
them,　　　　　(remark)
that
they
were
much
slower
than
the
beatings
of
her
heart.?
pretending　
not
admitting
Having
washed
reading　
Using　
remarking　
7.　　
　　　　　　(contract)
with
them
to
do
the
repairs,we
cannot
withdraw
now.?
8.I
hate
to
hear
people
　　　　　(argue),so
I’ll
decide
what
we
do
and
when
we
do
it.?
9.Anyone
　　　　　(have)
difficulty
in
assembling
the
machine
is
advised
to
consult
our
engineers.?
10.　　　　　　　　(not
have)
much
money,Mary
decided
to
thumb
a
ride
to
New
York.?
Having
contracted
arguing　
having　
Not
having
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1be
passionate
and
determined
about
what
you
do对你所做的事要充满激情和决心(P28)
【词汇精讲】determined用作形容词,意为“坚定的,坚决的”。
He
was
determined
that
the
same
mistakes
would
not
be
repeated.
他决心不再犯同样的错误。
【词汇拓展】
be
determined
to
do
sth　　　坚决要做某事(状态)
determine
v.
决定,确定;下决心
determine
to
do
sth
决定做某事
(强调动作,是非延续性动词短语)
determine+疑问词+to
do
sth
决心……做某事
determination
n.
决心,果断
a
man
of
determination
有决断力的人
There
were
numerous
diving
spots
in
the
area
and
Larry
was
determined
to
visit
all
of
them.
这个地方有数不清的潜水点,拉里下决心去参观所有这些地方。
My
experience
tells
me
that
it
is
not
what
you
are
given
but
how
you
make
use
of
it
that
determines
who
you
are.
我的经验告诉我,决定你是谁的,不是你被给予了什么,而是你如何利用它。
名师点津:be
determined
(not)
to
do
sth
表示状态,是一种延续状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,而determine
to
do
sth
表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
He
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(×)
He
was
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(√)
【微写作】
Li
Ming
is
a
young
man
with
great
determination.He
determined
to
go
to
Tibet
after
graduation.Determined
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune,he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.
李明是一个很有决心的年轻人。他决定毕业后去西藏。他决定在发大财之前绝不再回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我离开了这个地方,决定再也不回来了。
I
left
the
place
and
　　　　　never
to
come
back
again.?
(2)是什么使你决定接受他的邀请?
What
　　　　　you
to
accept
his
invitation??
(3)有了坚定的决心,人就能够克服他所遇到的任何困境和危险。
With
a
strong　　
　　　,one
is
able
to
overcome
whatever
hardships
and
dangers
he
may
encounter.?
determined　
determined　
determination
(4)我相信是我的勤奋而非智慧决定了我的成功。
I
am
under
the
belief
that
it
is
my
diligence
rather
than
my
wisdom
　　　　　　　　　　my
success.?
that
determines
2committed
and
focused
尽心和专注(P28)
【词汇精讲】committed用作形容词,意为“坚定的;尽心尽力的”,还可以意为“忠诚的;献身于某种事业的”。
He
was
a
strongly
committed
comrade
of
the
Party.
他是一个对党非常忠诚的同志。
【词汇拓展】
commit
v.　　　　　做出(错的或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)
commit
a
mistake
犯错
commit
a
crime
犯罪
commitment
n.
投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺
make
a
commitment
做出承诺
A
career
as
an
actor
requires
one
hundred
percent
commitment.
演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。
Achieving
success
at
this
level
requires
a
commitment
of
time
and
energy.
取得这种水平的成就需要投入时间和精力。
She
doesn’t
want
to
make
a
big
commitment
to
Steve
at
the
moment.
她不想在此刻对史蒂夫做出重大的承诺。
【微写作】
There
are
many
people
who
have
a
commitment
like
yours,but
they
do
not
believe
they
have
the
power
to
do
anything
to
improve
our
environment.
有很多人和你一样有这样的承诺,但他们不相信他们有能力做任何事情来改善我们的环境。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)辞职接受全日制教育是一个很大的投入,但是现在我知道这是我做出的最好的决定。
Giving
up
my
job
to
go
back
to
full-time
education
was
a
big
　
　　　　,
but
now
I
know
it
was
the
best
decision
I
ever
made.?
(2)我们做出承诺要一起工作。
We
　　　　　　　　　　　to
keep
on
working
together.?
commitment　
made
a
commitment
3Well,being
grateful
means
you’re
always
appreciative
of
what
you
have
and
what
other
people
have
done
for
you.
嗯,感恩意味着你总是感激你所拥有的和别人为你所做的。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中appreciative用作形容词,意为“感激的”,还可以意为“有鉴识力的,有眼力的;赏识的,欣赏的”。
The
appreciative
audience
applauded.
有欣赏力的观众鼓了掌。
I
am
appreciative
of
her
kindness.
我感激她的善意。
【词汇拓展】
appreciate
vt.　　　　　　　鉴赏;感激
appreciate
doing
sth
欣赏/感激做某事
appreciate
English
poetry
欣赏英文诗
appreciate
one’s
friendship
珍视某人的友谊
appreciate
one’s
help
感谢某人的帮助
appreciation
n.
评价;鉴赏(力)
(2020全国卷Ⅲ)This
is
often
appreciated
since
at
a
housewarming
there
isn’t
a
lot
of
food
served.
这通常是很受欢迎的,因为在乔迁宴上食物并不多。
I
started
to
appreciate
the
tough
choice
she
had
to
make
on
balancing
family
and
work.
我开始感激她为了平衡家庭和工作不得不做出的那个艰难决定。
温馨提示:(1)appreciate后只跟动词-ing形式,不跟不定式,而且不能用人作宾语。如:
Thanks
for
your
help.We
did
appreciate
you.(误)
Thanks
for
your
help.We
did
appreciate
it.(正)
(2)appreciate后跟宾语从句的时候,要在宾语从句的前面加上形式宾语it。有类似用法的动词还有hate、dislike、love、like、depend
on等。如:
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
give
me
his
address.
如果你能把他的地址给我,我将感激不尽。
I
don’t
like
it
when
you
get
angry.
我不喜欢你生气的时候。
【微写作】
You
made
me
understand
that
life
is
all
about
appreciation
and
understanding
but
must
be
appreciated
first
before
understanding.
你让我明白,生活就是欣赏和理解,但在理解之前必须先欣赏。
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)We
appreciate
　　　　　(work)
with
him,for
he
has
a
good
sense
of
humour.?
(2)I’d
appreciate
　　　　　if
you
would
turn
the
radio
down.?
(3)She
shows
little
or
no
　
　　　　(appreciate)
of
good
music.?
working　
it　
appreciation
4Yes,that
makes
a
lot
of
sense.是的,这很有道理。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中make
sense意为“有意义;解释得通”。
See,your
computer
has
broken
down
again!It
doesn’t
make
sense
to
buy
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
看,你的电脑又坏了!仅仅为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑没有意义。
【词汇拓展】
make
sense
of　　　弄懂……的意思;理解
in
a
sense
在某种意义上;在某种程度上
in
no
sense　　　　　决不
there’s
no/little
sense
in
doing
sth
做某事没有意义
Not
until
he
explained
it
to
me
did
I
make
sense
of
what
he
said.
直到他向我解释,我才明白他说的话。
It
was
the
language
that
helped
shape
the
way
I
saw
things,expressed
ideas,and
made
sense
of
the
world.
是语言帮助塑造了我看待事物、表达想法和理解这个世界的方式。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)她为什么做那样的事?那好像没有意义。
Why
did
she
do
a
thing
like
that?It
doesn’t
seem
to
　　　　　　　　.?
(2)从某种意义上说,这事已无关紧要了。
　　　　　　　it
doesn’t
matter
any
more.?
(3)必须先和大家讲清楚,我根本不是地理老师。
I
must
make
it
clear
that
I
am
　　　　　　　　　a
geography
teacher.?
make
sense
In
a
sense
in
no
sense
5Despite
many
injuries
in
his
career,he
always
remained
determined
and
focused.
尽管在他的职业生涯中多次受伤,他始终保持坚定和专注。(P106)
【词汇精讲】在本句中injury
用作名词,意为“伤,损害”。
She
still
suffers
considerable
discomfort
from
her
injury.
她因那次受伤至今仍感到极大的不适。
The
injury
to
their
key
player
could
be
a
decisive
factor
in
the
game.
他们的核心队员受伤可能成为这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。
【词汇拓展】
injured
adj.　　　　　　　受伤的
the
injured
伤员
be
badly/seriously/severely/slightly
injured
受伤严重/轻微
The
medical
staff
had
arrived,and
were
looking
after
the
injured
woman.
救护人员已经到了,正在照顾这位受伤的女士。
【词语辨析】wound,injure,hurt,damage与harm
这几个词均可表示“受伤”,但也有区别:
(1)wound指枪伤、刀伤、战场上的伤害等。如:
He
was
wounded
in
the
leg
in
that
battle.
在那场战役中他的腿受伤了。
(2)injure指车祸等意外事故使身体受伤害。如:
The
old
lady
was
badly
injured
in
the
accident.
那位老太太在事故中伤得不轻。
(3)hurt是普通用词,常指感情上的伤害。如:
What
he
said
hurt
my
feelings.
他所说的话伤害了我的感情。
(4)damage指意外事故,如水灾、火灾等带来的损失、损害。如:
The
car
was
badly
damaged
in
the
accident.
汽车在事故中遭到严重破坏。
(5)harm常用于口语,表示“对……有伤害”,特指伤害一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等。如:
Smoking
harms
people’s
health.
吸烟有害人们的健康。
【迁移应用】
选用wound,injure,hurt,damage与harm填空
(1)Don’t
　　　　　your
eyes
by
watching
TV
for
a
long
time.?
(2)In
order
to
save
the
seriously
　　　　　soldier,the
surgeon
decided
to
take
off
his
left
leg.?
(3)I’m
sorry,but
I
didn’t
mean
to
　　　　　your
feelings
by
saying
that.?
(4)He
was
seriously
　　　　　in
the
terrible
crash
and
died
several
days
later.?
(5)Both
cars
were
seriously
　　　　　in
the
crash
and
it
would
cost
lots
of
money
to
get
them
repaired.?
harm　
wounded　
hurt　
injured
damaged
6In
some
companies,employees
can
work
from
home,or
the
park
or
anywhere
they
like.
在一些公司,员工可以在家里、公园或任何他们喜欢的地方工作。
(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中employee
用作名词,意为“雇员”。
(2020全国卷Ⅱ)It’s
been
reported
that
76
percent
of
employees
in
some
western
countries
are
using
emojis
at
work.
据报道,在一些西方国家,76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号。
【词汇拓展】
employ
vt.　　　　　使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于
n.
雇佣,受雇
in
the
employ
of...
受雇于……
employed
workers
在职职工;在岗职工
employment
n.　　　职业;雇用;使用
in
employment
在工作
employment
rate
就业率;雇用率
employer
n.
雇主
More
than
3,000
local
workers
are
employed
in
the
tourism
industry.
超过3
000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。
Your
time
could
be
usefully
employed
in
attending
night
classes.
你可以有效地利用时间来上夜课。
Men
and
women
must
be
treated
equally
in
education
and
employment.
在教育和就业方面,男性和女性必须被平等对待。
【微写作】
The
employer
decided
to
employ
Tom
as
her
secretary
and
she
hoped
to
have
a
talk
with
her
employees
before
he
came
to
work.
老板决定雇用汤姆做她的秘书,她希望在他来上班前和雇员们谈一谈。
【迁移应用】
用employ的适当形式填空
(1)I
　　
　　　(employ)
at
this
job
for
five
years.?
(2)More
local
　　
　　　(employ)
will
be
created,particularly
in
service
industry.?
完成句子
(3)如今,职业男女的数量基本相当,在已有孩子的女性中,有三分之二的人正在工作。
The
number
of
men
and
women
　　　　　　　　is
now
almost
equal,with
more
than
two-thirds
of
mothers
now
in
work.?
have
been
employed
employment　
in
employment
7Sixteen
years
ago,Jason
was
a
college
professor
with
a
huge
six-bedroom
house
and
a
fortune
of
two
million
dollars.十六年前,杰森是一名大学教授,他有一幢有六间卧室的大房子,拥有两百万美元的财产。(P30)
【词汇精讲】在本句中fortune用作名词,意为“大笔的钱,巨款”,还可以意为“命运;运气”。
Everyone
is
the
architect
of
his
own
fortune.
每个人都是自己命运的创造者。
Rebuilding
the
house
must
have
cost
the
family
a
large
fortune.
房子的重建肯定花了这家人一大笔钱。
【词汇拓展】
be
in
good/bad
fortune　　　运气好/坏
have
good/bad
fortune
运气好/坏
make
a/one’s
fortune
发财致富
seek
one’s
fortune
找出路
try
one’s
fortune
碰运气
fortunate
adj.
幸运的
unfortunate
adj.
不幸的
fortunately
adv.
幸好;幸运的是
unfortunately
adv.
不幸的是
These
two
brothers
decided
to
go
to
America
to
try
their
fortune.
这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。
Unfortunately
for
him,his
parents
died
when
he
was
still
a
child.
不幸的是,他还是小孩时父母就去世了。
【迁移应用】
用fortune的适当形式填空
(1)The
boy
fell
into
the
lake
and
it
was
　　　　that
the
water
was
shallow.?
(2)　
　　　　
for
Tom,he
has
hurt
his
leg
and
won’t
be
able
to
play
in
tomorrow’s
football
match.?
(3)One
thousand
dollars
a
month
is
not
a
　　　　　but
would
help
cover
my
living
expenses.?
(4)The
fire
spread
quickly.　　　　　,all
the
people
were
able
to
escape
from
the
burning
house.?
(5)All
people,whether
they
are
old
or
young,rich
or
poor,have
been
trying
their
best
to
help
those
　　　
　　people
since
the
disaster.?
fortunate　
Unfortunately　
fortune
Fortunately　
unfortunate
8They
didn’t
have
the
chance
to
learn
and
get
on
in
life.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中get
on意为“发迹;出人头地”,还可以意为“进行;变老;上车;对付”。
In
the
morning,all
the
girls
in
our
school
got
up
very
early
because
we
couldn’t
wait
to
get
on
the
bus.
早上我们学校所有的女生起得很早,因为我们等不及要上公交车。
【词汇拓展】
get
on/along
well
with
sth　某事进展顺利
get
on/along
well
with
sb
与某人相处融洽
get
across　　　　　　被理解,使人了解
get
by
勉强度日;勉强及格
get
down
to
doing
sth
静下心来做某事(to是介词)
get
in
收获;把……收起来
get
off
下(车、飞机等)
get
out
of
逃避;避免
get
over
做完;克服
get
rid
of
除掉,摆脱
get
through
接通(电话);完成;通过
get
together　　　　　聚会
get
up
起床;起身
As
an
outgoing
girl,I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.
我是个性格外向的女孩,与同学们相处得很好。
They
wrote
to
tell
us
that
they
were
getting
on
well
with
the
autumn
harvest.
他们来信告诉我们,他们的秋收工作进展得很顺利。
I
cannot
think
how
they
will
get
through
the
time.
我不能想象,这段时间他们将怎样度过。
【迁移应用】
选用get短语的适当形式填空
(1)—The
boss
said
we
had
only
three
days
to
finish
the
work.
—Don’t
worry.We
have
already　　　　　　　　　two
thirds
of
it.?
(2)If
we
can　　　　　　　　our
present
difficulties,
then
everything
should
be
all
right.?
(3)Despite
all
this
progress
we
have
made
so
far,there
is
still
much
to
do.Let’s　　　　　　　　　it.?
got
through
get
over
get
down
to
(4)Many
accidents
have
resulted
from
carelessness,and
that’s
why
we
must
　　　　　　　　the
bad
habit
of
making
calls
while
driving.?
(5)The
man
talked
for
nearly
an
hour
at
the
meeting,but
I
really
don’t
know
what
point
he
was
trying
to　　　　　　　　.?
get
rid
of
get
across
9This
worried
me
a
lot
and
I
felt
very
guilty
being
a
rich
man
without
doing
anything.
这让我很担心,我感到很内疚,作为一个富人,我什么都没做。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中guilty用作形容词,意为“内疚的,羞愧的”,还可以意为“有罪的”。
He
had
no
sense
of
shame
and
never
felt
guilty.
他毫无羞耻之心,因此从不觉得内疚。
【词汇拓展】
be
guilty
of　　　　　　　犯有……罪行
be/feel
guilty
about
对……感到愧疚
have
a
guilty
conscience
问心有愧;
做贼心虚
guilt
n.
罪行;内疚
a
sense
of
guilt
负罪感;内疚感
He
doesn’t
feel
guilty
about
asking
his
staff
to
work
at
weekends.
他没有因为要求他的员工周末工作而感到内疚。
The
court
determined
that
the
man
was
guilty
of
drunken
driving.
法官判决那个人酒后驾车罪成立。
We
now
have
the
absolute
proof
of
his
guilt.
我们现在有他犯罪的确凿证据。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这么长时间没给你写信,我感到十分内疚。
I
　　　　　　　　　　　　　not
having
written
to
you
for
so
long.?
(2)他因辜负了父母而内心深感不安。
He
was
filled
with
　　　　　at
having
failed
his
parents.?
(3)尽管没有令人信服的证据把沃森和这起谋杀案联系在一起,但许多人还是认为沃森有罪。
Though
there
was
no
convincing
evidence
linking
Watson
to
the
murder
case,many
people
believed
he
　　　　　　　　　　.?
feel/am
really
guilty
about
guilt
was
guilty
10Most
people
believe
when
they
are
living
comfortably
and
earning
enough
money,they
will
have
no
worries.
大多数人相信,当他们生活舒适,收入不菲,他们就会没有烦恼。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中comfortably
用作副词,意为“舒服地,舒适地”,还可以意为“容易地;充裕地”。
All
the
rooms
were
comfortably
furnished.
所有的房间都配置了舒适的家具。
He
can
comfortably
afford
the
extra
expense.
他支付这些额外的费用毫无问题。
They
are
comfortably
ahead
in
the
opinion
polls.
他们在民意测验中遥遥领先。
【词汇拓展】
comfort
vt.　　　　安慰;慰问;使……安逸/舒适
n.
安慰;慰问;安逸,舒适
comfort
sb　　　　安慰某人
comfort...with...
以……安慰;使……舒适
be
a
comfort
to
sb
对某人来说是个安慰(抽象名词具体化)
in
comfort
舒服地
take/have/draw
comfort
from...
从……中得到慰藉
give
sb
comfort=
give
comfort
to
sb
安慰某人(=comfort
sb)
comfortable
adj.
舒适的,(人)安逸的
be
comfortable
about/with
sth
　　　　　　　对某事感到轻松/惬意
make
oneself
comfortable
请随意,不用拘束;让自己舒服
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒服的,不安逸的
discomfort
n.
不舒服;不安
vt.
使……不舒服;使……不安
uncomfortably
adv.
不舒适地
He
comforted
himself
with
the
thought
she
had
died
in
the
most
beautiful
part
of
the
country.
他安慰自己,认为她死在了这个国家最美丽的地方。
A
teenager
can
write
and
make
music
using
a
computer
programme
in
the
comfort
of
their
own
bedroom.
青少年可以在自己很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序作曲和创作音乐。
【微写作】
These
new
shoes
are
not
very
comfortable
though
they
are
designed
for
comfort.
这些新鞋虽然是为舒适而设计的,但并不是很舒服。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)她以事情会好转的这种想法来宽慰自己。
She
　　　　　　　　　　with
the
thought
that
it
would
be
better.?
(2)在所有这些日子里,孩子们一直是我一个很大的安慰。
The
children
have
been
　　　　　　　　　　　through
all
of
these
days.?
(3)知道她安然无恙是一件令人宽慰的事。
　　　　　　　to
know
that
she
is
safe.?
(4)我去冲咖啡,你别拘束。
Please
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　while
I
get
some
coffee.?
comforted
herself
a
great
comfort
to
me
It’s
a
comfort
make
yourself
comfortable
11Jason
Harley
decided
to
drop
out
of
this
kind
of
lifestyle,and
he
discovered
that
having
only
a
little
money
made
him
free.詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式,他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。(P31)
【词汇精讲】在本句中drop
out意为“退出,脱离;辍学”。
My
friend
David
fell
down
near
the
finishing
line
and
injured
his
right
leg.As
a
consequence,
he
had
to
drop
out.
我的朋友戴维在接近终点线时摔倒了,伤了右腿。结果,他只好退赛。
【词汇拓展】
drop
out
of　　　　　　退出
drop
back/behind
后退;落后;落在……后面
drop
off
打盹;小睡;减少;下降;中途下客或卸货
drop
in
on
sb
顺便拜访某人
drop
in/by
顺便拜访
drop
sb
a
line/note
寄,送,写(信)
Buses
have
routes.They
pick
up
and
drop
off
people
at
different
stops
on
the
route.
巴士有路线。人们在沿途不同的站点上下车。
名师点津:drop
out是不及物动词词组,意为“退出,辍学”,如需加宾语,则加介词of。如:
Why
did
you
drop
out
in
the
middle
of
the
marathon?
为什么你中途退出马拉松比赛?
She
dropped
out
of
school
to
become
a
waitress.
她辍学去当服务员。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)销售量在第四季度减少了20%。
Sales
　　　　　　　　　　by
20%
in
the
fourth
quarter.?
(2)他慢慢地体力不济,在赛跑中落在后面了。
Gradually
his
strength
failed
and
he
　　　　　　　　　　in
the
race.?
dropped
off
dropped
behind/back
(3)家里负担不起他的学费,十五岁那年他被迫辍学了。
The
family
could
not
afford
his
schooling
and
he
had
to
　　　　　　　　　　　　at
the
age
of
15.?
(4)我们到布里斯托尔的时候顺道拜访一下尼克,好吗?
Let’s
　　　　　　　　　Nick
when
we’re
in
Bristol,shall
we??
drop
out
of
school　
drop
in
on
重点句式
1He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
who
had
everything
while
many
people
had
nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,被认为是一个拥有一切的人,而很多人却一无所有。(P31)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中who引导定语从句。while表示对比或转折,意为“而,然而”。此时,while一般位于句中。
The
physical
appearance
makes
a
good
impression
on
others
while
the
inner
beauty
will
be
remembered
forever.
外表(的美)能给人留下美好的印象,而内在的美会使人永远记住。
Her
singing
was
full
of
feelings;the
first
part
of
the
song
was
filled
with
anger,while
the
last
part
expressed
love
and
joy.
她的演唱感情丰富,歌曲的前半部分充满了愤怒,而后半部分却满怀爱意和快乐。
【句式拓展】
(1)while用作连词时,还可引导时间状语从句,意为“在……期间,与……同时”,从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如:
I
picked
up
some
French
words
while
I
was
having
a
holiday
in
Paris.
我在巴黎度假期间偶然学会了一些法语单词。
(2)while用作连词时,也可引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”,此时while一般位于句首。如:
While
I
like
the
colour
of
the
hat,I
do
not
like
its
shape.
虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状。
While
I
understand
what
you
say,I
can’t
agree
with
you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意。
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)—Are
you
ready
for
Spain?
—Yes,I
want
the
girls
to
experience
that
　　　　　they
are
young.?
(2)In
some
places
women
are
expected
to
earn
money
　　　　　men
work
at
home
and
raise
their
children.?
(3)　　　　　
the
news
has
been
very
good
so
far,we
should
also
prepare
ourselves
for
any
possible
risks
and
difficulties.?
(4)Some
people
are
sitting
around
　　　　　others
are
doing
all
the
work,as
is
the
case
in
many
companies.?
while　
while　
While　
while　
2Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.无论什么时候只要他有多于两千美元,他就会在当地街道上向无家可归的人分发小面额的钞票。(P31)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中whenever引导让步状语从句。whenever表示“在任何时候,无论什么时候”,相当于no
matter
when。
Whenever
you
go,
keep
in
touch
with
me,
please.
无论你何时去,请与我保持联络。
No
matter
when
you
work,you
can
always
find
time
to
study.
无论你在何时工作,你都能找到时间学习。
【句式拓展】
(1)wherever、whatever、whichever、whoever、however等可引导让步状语从句,可与no
matter
where/what/which/who/how互换。如:
Whenever/No
matter
when
she
comes,she
brings
a
friend.
她每次来都带个朋友。
Whoever/No
matter
who
wants
to
speak
to
me
on
the
phone,tell
them
I’m
busy.
不管谁要我接电话,都说我现在正忙着呢。
Whichever/No
matter
which
you
buy,there
is
a
six-month
guarantee.
不管你买哪个,都有六个月的保修期。
(2)whoever、whichever、whatever除了能引导让步状语从句外,也可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。注意:在引导名词性从句时,whoever、whichever、whatever不能用no
matter
who/which/what代替。如:
Tell
whoever
you
like—it
makes
no
difference
to
me.
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁,对我来说无所谓。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我已经退休了,无论你想去哪里,我都很乐意开车带你去。
I’m
retired
and
it
would
be
my
pleasure
to
drive
you
　　　　　　　　　.?
(2)不管航程多么短,这一班飞机上都有吃的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
journey
is,
you
always
get
something
to
eat
on
this
airline.?
wherever
you
wish
No
matter
how
short
(3)无论他去哪里,他都会把他的宠物狗带在身边。
He
takes
his
pet
dog
with
him
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
(4)这些动物对食物一点也不挑剔。换句话说,它们能找到什么就吃什么。
These
animals
are
not
at
all
particular
about
their
food.In
other
words,they
eat
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
wherever
he
goes
whatever
they
can
find
重点语法
动词-ing形式
1.动词-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
项目
用法
例句
作主语
动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数
Seeing
it
once
is
better
than
being
told
100
times.
百闻不如一见。
Learning
without
thinking
leads
to
confusion;thinking
without
learning
ends
in
danger.
学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
项目
用法
例句
作宾语
动词-ing形式既可以作介词的宾语也可以作动词的宾语
Have
you
considered
making
contributions
to
your
hometown
after
graduation?
你考虑过毕业后为家乡做贡献吗?
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
对不起让你久等了。
Victor
apologised
for
his
not
being
able
to
inform
me
of
the
change
in
the
plan.
维克多因为没有通知我计划变更而道歉。
Nothing
can
stop
the
plan
from
being
carried
out.
什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。
项目
用法
例句
作表语
动词-ing形式作表语时,有两种不同含义
My
job
is
teaching.我的工作是教书。(说明主语的内容)
The
news
is
exciting.这条新闻很振奋人心。(说明主语的性质)
比较:He
is
reading.他正在读书。(正在进行的动作)
注意:常见的后面接-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)有:
动词(短语)
后接动词的形式
意义
finish,practice,enjoy,mind,avoid,admit,appreciate,feel
like,suggest,stand,risk,consider,escape,miss,delay,dislike,imagine,look
forward
to,insist
on,be
busy,can’t
help,get
down
to,be
worth
+doing
词义不变
动词(短语)
后接动词的形式
意义
continue,like,love,begin,start
+doing
意义基本相同
+to
do
go
on,remember,
forget,regret,stop
+doing
与已做的事有关
+
to
do
表示将来要做的事情
advise,allow,permit,forbid,
encourage
+doing
“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励”做某事
+sb
to
do
sth
“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励”某人做某事
注意:有关动词-ing形式的句型
spend
some
time
(in)
doing
sth花时间做某事
have
fun/have
a
good/bad
time
doing
sth很(不)愉快做某事
have
(no)
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth做某事(没)有困难
catch
sb
doing
sth捉住某人做某事
there
is
no
point
doing
sth做某事没有意义
there
is
no
denying
that...毋庸置疑……
it’s
no
use/good
doing
sth做某事没有用/没好处
be
worth
doing某事值得(被)做
be
busy
doing忙于做……
can’t
help
doing情不自禁做……
sth
need(s)
doing某事需要被做
end
up
doing
sth以做某事而结束
2.动词-ing形式作状语、定语、宾语补足语
动词-ing形式
用法
例句
作
状
语
doing
表示主动的动作,可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时,表示顺理成章的结果
Finding
her
car
stolen,she
hurried
to
a
policeman
for
help.发现车被偷了,她匆忙向警察求助。
He
ran
too
fast,falling
to
the
ground.
他跑得太快了,结果摔倒在地上。
Seeing
that
she
was
going
off
to
sleep,I
asked
if
she’d
like
that
little
doll
on
her
bed.
看到她要去睡觉,我问她是否喜欢她床上的小布娃娃。
动词-ing形式
用法
例句
作
状
语
having
done
表示主动,该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前
Not
having
received
any
reply,
he
decided
to
write
again.
他没有收到回复,决定再写一次。
Having
realised
that
I
could
use
a
kite
to
attract
lightning,I
decided
to
do
an
experiment.
意识到可以用风筝来吸引闪电,我决定做个实验。
having
been
done
表示被动、完成的动作
Having
been
separated
from
other
continents
for
millions
of
years,Australia
has
many
plants
and
animals
not
found
in
any
other
country
in
the
world.
与其他大陆分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多世界上其他国家没有的珍奇物种。
动词-ing
形式
用法
例句
作
定
语
doing
表示主动的动作,如果是动词-ing短语,要置于所修饰的名词之后
—Did
you
enjoy
yourself
at
the
party?
聚会玩得高兴吗?
—Yes.I’ve
never
been
to
a
more
exciting
one
before.
是的,我从未去过比这更令人兴奋的聚会。
Reading
is
an
experience
quite
different
from
watching
TV;there
are
pictures
forming
in
your
mind
instead
of
before
your
eyes.
读书是与看电视很不相同的体验。图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。
The
flowers
smelling
sweet
in
the
botanic
garden
attract
the
visitors
to
the
beauty
of
nature.植物园里闻起来很香的花吸引游客来欣赏大自然的美。
动词-ing
形式
用法
例句
作
定
语
being
done
作后置定语,表示被动且正在进行的动作
The
question
being
discussed
at
the
meeting
now
is
very
important.
正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。
动词-ing
形式
用法
例句
作
宾
语
补
足
语
doing
表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态,那么,宾语补足语就变成主语补足语
I
can
see
some
kids
playing
on
the
playground.
我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。
The
boy
who
was
caught
cheating
in
the
exam
will
be
punished.
考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。
注意:英语中有些动词既可以用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,也可以用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但表达的意义有所不同。如see
sb
do
sth(看到某人做了某事,表示看到事情的全过程)和see
sb
doing
sth(看到某人正在做某事,表示看到的是正在发生的事情)。常见的用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:feel、hear、notice、see、watch、observe等。
3.动词-ing形式图示归纳
形式
所作句子成分
意义
(not)
doing
主语、宾语、表语;
定语、状语、宾语补足语
主动
(not)
having
done
宾语;状语
主动
being
done
主语、宾语;后置定语(表示正在被做)
被动
having
been
done
宾语;状语
被动
随堂练习
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.The
young
man
rose
and
returned
into
the
sitting
room,while
the
old
man,
again
　　　　　(apologise),
left
by
another
door.?
答案apologising
2.I
heard
my
parents
　　　　　(quarrel)
in
the
bedroom
last
night.?
答案quarrelling
3.　　　　　　　　
(fail)my
French
exams,I
decided
to
concentrate
on
science
subjects.?
答案Having
failed
4.You
should
know
your
own
faults
before
　　　(blame)
others
for
theirs.?
答案blaming
5.His
　　　　　(amuse)
performance
caused
a
roar
of
laughter
from
the
audience.?
答案amusing
6.He
managed
to
cash
in
only
after
　　　　　(overcome)
one
difficulty
after
another.?
答案overcoming
7.He
is
a
warm-hearted
man,　　　　　(respond)
to
every
plea.?
答案responding
8.He
injured
his
hand
while
　　　　　(operate)
one
of
the
machine
tools
in
the
workshop.?
答案operating
9.That
very
morning,　　　　　　　　(not
receive)
the
letter
she
awaited,
she
decided
to
come
back.?
答案not
having
received
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.在长途旅行中,他表现出自己是一位风趣的旅伴。
On
the
long
journey
he
proved
himself
to
be
an
　　　　　companion.?
答案amusing
2.突然有一个小孩从树林里跑了出来。
Suddenly
a
child
came
　　　　　out
of
the
wood.?
答案running
3.读完了第一页,她翻到第二页。
　　　　　　page
one,she
turned
over
to
page
two.?
答案Having
read
4.迟到没有好的借口,她就信口胡编了一个。
　　　
a
good
excuse
for
being
late,she
made
up
one.?
答案Not
having
5.他们一看见我们来了,掉头就跑。
As
soon
as
they
saw
us
　　　　　,
they
turned
tail
and
ran.?
答案coming
6.经过彻底清扫之后,这座花园比以往任何时候都美。
　　　　　　　　　　,
the
garden
looked
more
beautiful
than
ever
before.?
答案Having
been
thoroughly
cleaned
7.我是一个腼腆的人,对我而言营销是世界上最令人害怕的课程。
I
was
a
shy
person,and
for
me
the
thought
of
selling
was
the
most
　　　　　subject
in
the
world.?
答案frightening
Ⅲ.用drop短语的适当形式填空
1.If
you
do
not
like
the
plan,
you
can
　　　　　　　　.?
答案drop
out
2.The
boy
　　　　　　　　school
because
of
the
war.?
答案dropped
out
of
3.The
number
of
students
　　　　　　　　because
of
the
low
birth
rate.?
答案is
dropping
off
4.I
don’t
think
he
just
　　　　　　　　.He
came
on
purpose.?
答案dropped
by/in
5.The
Smiths
　　　　　　　　some
old
friends
on
their
vacation
trip
to
New
York.?
答案dropped
in
on
6.Do
　　　　　　　　if
you
happen
to
be
passing!?
答案drop
in
Ⅳ.课文语篇填空
A
lot
of
people
define
success
as
becoming
　
　millionaire.It
　
　
(take)
them
lots
of
time
and
energy
to
dream
　
　ways
of
getting
rich
and
the
things
they
will
do
once
they
become
rich.In
reality,some
　
　
(millionaire)
still
worry
about
money
after
they
achieve
their
goals
and
get
rich.If
they
want
to
continue
their
　
　
(wealth)
life,
they
have
to
work
hard
　
　
(make)
money
to
ensure
the
sense
of
success
　
　
(achieve).It
is
believed
by
most
people
that
they
will
be
free
of
worries
and
live
　
　
(comfortable)
after
earning
enough
money.However,few
people
feel
they
　
　
(earn)
enough
money.There
are
other
forms
of
success
in
our
lives
　　
it
is
not
how
much
money
you
have
but
the
true
meaning
of
life
that
defines
success.?
a
takes　
up　
millionaires　
wealthy
to
make
achieved　
comfortably　
have
earned
because
Ⅴ.概要写作
根据P30-31课文Paras.2-4内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Once
a
rich
and
successful
man,Jason
gave
away
all
his
belongings
during
sixteen
years.(要点1)Now,he
enjoys
working
on
the
garden,depending
on
things
from
charity
shops.(要点2)Whenever
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people.(要点3)He
lives
simply
and
is
helpful
to
others,which
brings
him
happiness
and
a
sense
of
success
in
life.(要点4)For
him,the
sense
of
achievement
comes
from
helping
others
and
finding
the
true
meaning
in
life.(要点5)
本课结束(共112张PPT)
UNIT
2
Section
B　LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.hybrid
n.　　　　　　　　　　?
2.minimum
n.
　　
　　　　　　?
3.championship
n.
　　　
　　　　　?
4.publisher
n.
　　　　　　　　?
5.contract
n.
　　　　　　　　?
6.motivating
adj.
　　　　　
　　　?
7.distraction
n.
　　　　　　　　?
混合体　
最少量;最小数;最低限度
冠军称号,冠军地位　
出版商　
合同;契约　
起激励作用的;激发(人)的　
使人分心的事物　
8.strive
vi.
　　　　　　　　?
9.encyclopaedia
n.
　　　　　　　　?
10.entry
n.
　　　　　　　　?
11.academic
adj.
　　　　　　　　?
努力;奋斗　
百科全书　
条目　
学术的　
12.skip
vt.
　
　　　　　　　?
13.defensive
adj.
　　　　　　　　?
14.workout
n.
　　　　　　　　?
15.intensity
n.
　　　　　　　　?
16.triathlete
n.
　　　　　　　　?
17.enormous
adj.
　　　　　　　　?
18.length
n.
　　　　　　　　?
19.rugby
n.
　　　　　　　　?
20.platform
n.
　　　　　　　　?
不做(本来应做的事);蹦跳着走　
戒备的,自卫的　
训练,锻炼　
强度;强烈　
铁人三项运动员　
巨大的,庞大的　
长度　
(英式)
橄榄球　
舞台;月台　
21.　　　　　
　　　adj.有影响力的?
22.　　　　　
vt.把……献给;专心致力于?
23.　　　　　
n.生产;产量?
24.　　　　　
　　　vt.拒绝接受?
25.　　　　　
vt.&
n.限制,限定?
26.　　　　　
vt.使确信;使信服?
27.　　　　　
n.极端?
28.　　　　　
vt.糟蹋;毁坏?
29.　　　　　
n.基本部分;要素?
influential　
devote　
production　
reject
limit　
convince　
extreme　
ruin　
element
30.　　　　　
adj.自私的,自私自利的?
31.　　　　　
n.牺牲?
32.　　　　　
adj.无数的,数不尽的?
33.　　　　　
vt.租用?
34.　　　　　
vi.&
vt.(使)沸腾,煮沸?
35.　　　　　
adj.&
adv.分开;散开?
36.　　　　　
adj.受伤的?
37.　　　　　
adj.杰出的,优秀的?
38.　　　　　
adj.平庸的,普通的;平均的
n.平均水平;平均数
39.　　　　　
adj.正常的,平常的?
selfish　
sacrifice　
countless　
hire　
boil
apart　
injured　
outstanding　
average
normal
重点短语
1.　　　　　　　　　　　致力于?
2.boil
down
to
sth
　　　　　　　?
3.apply
oneself
to
sth
　　
　　　　　?
4.set
sb/sth
apart
　　　　　
　　?
5.stay
in
　　　　　　　?
devote...to　
归结为;要点是　
努力;专心致志于某事　
使……与众不同　
待在家里
重点句式
1.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.
2.I
could
have
become
angry
or
defensive.
重点语法
冠词
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P36-37文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Olympic
athletes
give
up
too
much
fun
for
world
championship
medals.
2.The
author
was
pushing
the
limits
and
extremes,which
others
thought
healthy.
3.The
author
was
a
professional
athlete.
4.The
author
would
play
pool
games
at
ten
years
old.
5.Good
extra
preparation
will
set
a
professional
athlete
apart
from
his
competitors.
答案1~5
TFTFT
B.阅读P36-37文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
did
the
author’s
friend
worry
about?
A.The
author
pushed
herself
to
the
limits
too
little.
B.There
was
no
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.
C.There
was
nothing,
only
medals
in
the
author’s
eyes.
D.The
author
missed
so
many
birthday
parties
and
holidays.
答案
C
2.What
was
one
of
the
fears
the
author
faced?
A.Reasons
for
pushing
the
limits.
B.Her
competitors’
efforts.
C.Class
work
at
school.
D.Her
friend’s
worries.
答案
A
3.What
would
the
author
do
when
she
was
young?
A.Go
out
and
play.
B.Play
pool
games.
C.Take
buses
alone.
D.Take
holidays
often.
4.What
should
a
professional
athlete
be?
A.Determined.
B.Worried.
C.Cheerful.
D.Careful.
答案
C
答案
A
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1Take
Yuan
Longping,the
father
of
hybrid
rice,one
of
the
most
influential
scientists
in
agriculture,for
example.
以杂交水稻之父袁隆平为例,他是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中influential用作形容词,意为“有影响力的”,还可以意为“有权势的”。
She
is
one
of
the
most
influential
figures
in
local
politics.
她是本地政坛一位举足轻重的人物。
Our
newspaper
is
an
influential
one
in
this
city.
我们的报纸在本市有很大影响力。
【词汇拓展】
influence
v.　
　　　　　影响;感染
n.
影响力;影响;权势;势力;有影响的人(或事物)
have
an
influence
on/upon　　对……有影响
Don’t
let
me
influence
your
decision.
不要让我影响你的决定。
The
labour
enthusiasm
of
the
workers
strongly
influenced
us.
工人们的劳动热情极大地感染了我们。
(2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响,研究人员进行了两项实验。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他是20世纪初具有影响的人物。
He
is
an
　　
　　　figure
in
the
early
20th-century.?
(2)学校生活对小孩个性的形成有很大影响。
School
life
has
a
great
influence
　　　　　the
formation
of
a
child’s
character.?
influential　
on/upon
2For
more
than
50
years,he
has
devoted
his
life
to
rice
production
and
his
research
has
not
only
helped
China
find
a
way
to
remove
hunger
but
also
contributed
to
world
peace
and
social
progress.五十多年来,他一直致力于水稻生产,他的研究不仅帮助中国找到了消除饥饿的方法,而且为世界和平和社会进步作出了贡献。(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中devote用作动词,意为“把……献给;专心致力于”,
devote
to意为“致力于”。
He’s
devoted
his
whole
life
to
the
protection
of
the
rare
animals.
他为保护珍稀动物奉献终生。
【词汇拓展】
devote
oneself
to　　　　献身于……;专心于……
devote
one’s
time/life/energy
to
致力于
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth
献身于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
devotion
n.
挚爱,关爱,关照;奉献
devoted
adj.
忠诚的;挚爱的
a
good
wife
and
devoted
mother
贤妻良母
You
will
never
gain
success
unless
you
are
fully
devoted
to
your
work.
除非你全身心投入到工作中去,否则你永远不可能获得成功。
After
retiring,
he
will
devote
himself
to
gardening.
他退休后将把精力放在园艺上。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)十年里,她致力于要成为世界上最好的游泳运动员之一。
For
ten
years
she
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　one
of
the
world’s
best
swimmers.?
(2)他一心扑在研究上,几乎忘记了自己的一切。
　　　　　　　　　　　his
research,he
almost
forgot
everything
about
himself.?
(3)我们感谢他为这一项目花费的时间和金钱。
We
appreciated
his
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to
the
project.?
devoted
herself
to
becoming
Devoted
himself
to
devotion
of
time
and
money
3Luckily
for
Harry
Potter
fans,the
author
J.K.Rowling
didn’t
listen
to
the
negative
comments
from
the
twelve
publishers
who
rejected
her
books.幸运的是,对于《哈利·波特》的粉丝们来说,作家J.K.罗琳没有听那12家拒绝她书的出版商的负面评论。
(P107)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reject用作动词,意为“拒绝接受”;还可以意为“摒弃;排斥;驳回”。
I
think
the
president
was
correct
to
reject
the
offer.
我认为总统拒绝这一提议是正确的。
The
patient’s
immune
system
would
reject
the
transplanted
organ
as
a
foreign
object.
病人的免疫系统会对移植器官产生异质排斥反应。
【词汇拓展】
reject
an/one’s
offer
of
sth　拒绝别人提供的某物
reject
an
appeal
驳回上诉
reject
a
gift/an
opinion/a
suggestion/an
invitation
拒绝接受礼物/意见/建议/邀请
rejection
n.　　　　　　拒绝
rejected
adj.
被拒绝的
He
rejected
their
offer
of
a
job.
他拒绝了他们给他的工作。
Her
rejection
of
him
seems
to
have
made
him
go
back
into
his
shell.
他遭她拒绝后就不爱吭声了。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他担心她会因他是外国人而拒绝他。
He
was
afraid
she
would
　　　　　　　　　　because
he
was
a
foreigner.?
(2)董事会拒绝了我们所有的意见。
The
board
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
reject
him
rejected
all
our
ideas
(3)我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法,而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。
We
　　　　　　　　　　for
a
music
club,but
decided
to
have
an
art
club
instead.?
(4)在成为宇航员的道路上,她遇到了很多困难,第一次申请就被拒绝了!
She
faced
many
difficulties
on
the
way
to
becoming
an
astronaut,starting
with
the
　　　　　　　　　　her
first
application!?
rejected
his
idea
rejection
of
4OK
and
thirdly,it
mentions
effective
daily
practices
such
as
making
to-do
lists
and
limiting
time
on
social
networking
and
other
distractions.好的,第三,它提到了有效的日常实践,比如制定待办事项清单,限制在社交网络和其他分心的事情上的时间。(P108)
【词汇精讲】在本句中limit用作动词,意为“限制,限定”;还可以用作名词,意为“限制,限定;界限;限度”。
I’ll
help
as
much
as
I
can,
but
there
is
a
limit
to
what
I
can
do.
我会尽力帮忙,但我所能做的也是有限的。
【词汇拓展】
go
beyond/over
the
limit　　超过限度
within
limits
在一定程度内
set
a
limit
to
sth
对某事(物)加以限制
limit...to...
把……限定在……范围内
limited
adj.
有限(制)的
be
limited
to
sth
受限于某事
Sometimes,he
was
limited
to
a
cage
underwater
but
that
did
not
bother
him.
有时,他被限制在水下的一个笼子里,但那并不让他感到烦恼。
The
uses
of
coal
are
by
no
means
limited
to
those.
煤的用途绝不仅限于那些。
But
our
funds
were
limited,
and
none
of
the
houses
in
our
price
range
seemed
satisfactory.
但是我们的资金有限,我们能买得起的房子似乎没有一套令人满意。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)所有发言都将被限定在十分钟内。
All
speeches　　　　　　　　　　　　　　10
minutes.?
(2)我认为你应该限制你丈夫吸烟的数量。
I
think
you
should
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your
husband
smokes.?
will
be
limited
to
limit
the
number
of
cigarettes
(3)孩子的想象力是无限的。
There
is
　　　　　　　　　　to
the
children’s
imagination.?
(4)如果你想保持健康,你每天最多喝两杯酒。
　　　　　　　　　　no
more
than
two
glasses
of
alcohol
each
day
if
you
want
to
stay
healthy.?
no
limit
Limit
yourself
to
5Mm,you’ve
convinced
me
to
read
this
book!嗯,你说服我读这本书了!(P108)
【词汇精讲】在本句中convince用作动词,意为“使确信;使信服;说服”。
Your
argument
is
too
weak
to
convince
me.
你的论点太薄弱了,说服不了我。
I
don’t
believe
what
you
said,but
if
you
can
prove
it,you
may
be
able
to
convince
me.
我不相信你所说的,但是如果你能证明,也许你能够说服我。
【词汇拓展】
convince
sb
of
sth　　　　　　使某人相信某事
convince
sb
to
do
sth
说服某人做某事
convince
sb+that从句
使某人确信……
convinced
adj.
坚定不移的;有坚定信仰的
be
convinced
of
sth/that
相信……
convincing
adj.
令人信服的
(2020全国卷Ⅱ)He
says
it’s
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green,but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
他说,让人们相信海狸鼠毛皮是绿色的并不容易,但他对此毫不怀疑。
We
were
able
to
convince
the
students
of
the
need
for
wide
reading.
我们能让学生们相信广泛阅读的必要性。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我确信自己的推理正确。
I
　　　　　　　　　　　the
truth
of
my
reasoning.?
(2)由于深信数据准确无误,他们坚持自己的意见。
　　　　　　　　the
accuracy
of
the
data,they
stuck
to
their
opinion.?
(3)迄今为止还没有确凿的证据证明外太空有生命存在。
So
far
there
is
no
　　　　　evidence
that
there
exists
life
in
outer
space.?
(4)相信政府可以带领他们走出金融危机,人们对国家的未来感到乐观。
Truly
　　　　　that
the
government
can
lead
them
out
of
the
financial
crisis,people
are
optimistic
about
the
future
of
the
country.?
am
convinced
of
Convinced
of
convincing　
convinced
6As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中ruin用作动词,意为“糟蹋;毁坏”,还可以意为“(使)颠覆”;也可以用作名词,意为“毁灭;废墟(常用复数),遗迹;残余”。
Don’t
let
negativity
ruin
your
motivation.
不要让消极情绪毁了你的积极性。
【词汇拓展】
in
ruins　　　　　　　　成为废墟
bring
sb
to
ruin
使某人失败;
使某人倾家荡产
bring
ruin
upon
oneself
自取灭亡
come/fall/go
to
ruin
毁灭,灭亡;
崩溃;
破坏掉
be
the
ruin
of
成为……毁灭/堕落的原因
ruin
oneself
毁掉自己
The
houses
on
the
seaward
side
of
the
road
were
all
in
ruins.
道路临海一侧的房屋全都成了废墟。
【词汇辨析】ruin,damage与destroy
ruin与damage,destroy都可以用作动词,表示“毁坏”的意思,但它们所表示的破坏程度及含义不同。
(1)ruin指经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏,通常暗指无可挽回的伤害,但并不一定指完全毁灭。它也可用来表示抽象概念。如:
He
knocked
over
a
bottle
of
ink
and
ruined
the
tablecloth.
他打翻了一瓶墨水,把桌布弄得一团糟。
You’ll
ruin
your
health
if
you
go
on
like
this.
这样下去你会毁了你的健康的。
(2)damage是程度较小的“破坏”“损坏”,一般指被破坏的物品可以修复。如:
The
car
was
only
slightly
damaged
in
the
accident.
这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。
Many
buildings
damaged
during
the
war
are
being
repaired.
很多战争中受损的建筑物正在被修缮。
(3)destroy指彻底的摧毁、毁坏;它也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划等。如:
The
earthquake
destroyed
almost
the
entire
city.
那次地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。
That
will
destroy
the
reputation
of
our
products.
那将毁了我们产品的声誉。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)飓风中受损的房子已经修好。
Houses
　　　　　　　　　　　　　have
been
repaired.?
(2)地震之后,那座古建筑成了一片废墟。
After
the
earthquake,the
ancient
building
was
　　　　　　.?
(3)雨下得很大,我的新鞋在泥里被毁坏了。
It
rained
heavily
and
my
new
shoes
　　　　　　　in
the
mud.?
(4)大楼被大火完全烧毁了。
The
building
　　　　　　　　　　　　　by
fire.?
damaged
in
the
hurricane
in
ruins
were
ruined
was
completely
destroyed
7What
are
the
sacrifices
for?牺牲是为了什么?(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中sacrifice用作名词,意为“牺牲”,还可以意为“祭品;供奉”;用作动词意为“牺牲;供奉;献祭”。
She
made
many
sacrifices
to
get
Anita
a
good
education.
为了让安尼塔受到良好的教育,她做出了很多牺牲。
(2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Jennifer
sacrificed
to
achieve
her
goal,giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids.
珍妮弗为了实现自己的目标做出了牺牲,放弃了和孩子们共度的许多夜晚。
【词汇拓展】
sacrifice...for　　　　为……而牺牲……
at
the
sacrifice
of
以……为代价
make
a
sacrifice
for
为……付出代价
She
made
a
big
sacrifice
for
her
position
today.
她为今天的职位付出了很大的代价。
A
mother
will
sacrifice
her
life
for
her
children.
为了孩子,一个母亲可以献出她自己的生命。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他为了照顾残疾女儿牺牲了有前途的事业。
He
　　　　　a
promising
career
to
look
after
his
handicapped
daughter.?
(2)你为财富牺牲健康是不值得的。
It’s
not
worth
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　wealth.?
(3)他为了救那个孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。
He
saved
the
child
　　　　　　　　　　his
life.?
sacrificed　
sacrificing
your
health
for
at
the
sacrifice
of
8I
think
of
countless
birthday
parties
and
nights
out
I
have
missed...
我想起无数个我错过的生日派对和外出的夜晚……(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中countless用作形容词,意为“无数的,数不尽的”。
There
are
countless
stars
in
the
sky.
天上有无数的星星。
【词汇拓展】
count
vt.　　　　计算;
认为
vi.
(按顺序)数数;重要
n.
数出总数;
论点,观点
count
on
依靠;
依赖
countable
adj.
可数的
The
whole
team
counts
on
Cristiano
Ronaldo,and
he
seldom
lets
them
down.
整个团队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多了,并且他很少让他们失望。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)森林中有数不清的树。
There
were
　　　　　trees
in
the
forest.?
(2)在一种良好的关系中,细节真的很重要。
In
a
good
relationship,it’s
really
the
little
things
that
　　　　　.?
(3)那是父亲第一次在危急时刻依赖我。
That
was
the
first
time
Dad
　　　　　　　　　　me
in
a
moment
of
emergency.?
countless　
count　
had
counted
on
9It
boils
down
to
this:I
was
born
with
an
enormous
amount
of
drive
and
determination.
归根结底,我天生就是个特别有干劲和意志力的人。(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中boil用作动词,意为“
(使)沸腾,煮沸”,还可以意为“激动”;短语boil
down
to
sth意为“归结为;要点是”,还可以意为“简化为”。
The
advice
they
gave
him
boiled
down
to
this:he
should
take
care
of
his
own
health.
他们给他的劝告可归结为一句话:他应该注意自己的健康。
【词汇拓展】
boil
away　　　　　　使(某物)烧干;蒸发;沸腾
boil
down
煮浓
When
he
made
the
stew,the
water
was
boiled
down.
他炖肉时,把汤熬得很浓。
The
water
in
the
kettle
had
all
boiled
away.
壶里的水完全烧干了。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我们把这些问题归结为一点。
We
　　　　　　　　　　these
questions
to
a
point.?
(2)水在沸腾。
The
water
was
bubbling
and
　　　　　　　　　　.?
(3)请把鱼汤烧得浓一点。
Please
　　　　　　　　　　the
fish
soup.?
boil
down
to
boiling
away
boil
down
10From
a
small
girl,I
would
stay
in
at
lunch
time
just
to
get
ahead
on
class
work
rather
than
go
out
and
play...
从一个小女孩开始,我就会在午饭时间待在家里,只是为了提前完成功课,而不是出去玩……(P36)
【词汇精讲】在本句中stay
in意为“待在家里”,还可以意为“固定……位置上不动;(火焰等)继续燃烧”。
Let’s
stay
in
tonight
and
watch
a
video.
今晚让我们待在家里,看视频。
If
the
collar
won’t
stay
in
place,you’d
better
pin
it
back.
如果领子不牢稳,你最好用别针把它别住。
【词汇拓展】
stay
at　　　　　　　停留在……;住在……
stay
away
(from)
与……保持距离,缺席
stay
out
待在户外
I’ll
stay
at
the
bus
stop
while
you
go
to
see
if
there’s
a
bus
coming.
你去看看有没有公交车驶来,我留在公交车站等着。
Why
don’t
you
stay
away
if
you
don’t
like
us?
你要是不喜欢我们为什么不离开?
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他们成功地说服了我留在家里。
They
succeeded
in
persuading
me
to
　　　　　　　　　　home.?
(2)你为什么一次缺几个星期的课?
Why
did
you
　　　　　　　　　　from
school
for
weeks
at
a
time??
(3)他们很少在外边待那么长时间。
It’s
unusual
for
them
to
　　　　　　　　　　so
long.?
stay
at
stay
away
stay
out
11Call
it
unhealthy
if
you
want,but
that
is
the
way
I
roll,
no
matter
what
it
is
I’m
applying
myself
to.
你若说这是一种病态也行,但这就是我的做事风格,不管做什么我都会全力以赴。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中apply
oneself
to
sth意为“努力;专心致志于某事”。
If
you
apply
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand,you’ll
soon
finish
it.
如果你尽全力做你手头的工作,你将能很快地把它做完。
【词汇拓展】
apply
vt.　涂,敷;应用,运用
vi.
申请;应用,使用;适用
apply
for
申请,请求
apply
(to
sb)
for...
(向某人)申请……
apply...to...
把……运用到……中去;将……涂抹到……上面
applicant
n.
申请人
applied
adj.
应用的;实用的
applied
science
应用科学
application
n.
申请;应用
a
letter
of
application
一份求职信
Now
researchers
are
applying
scientific
methods
to
the
study
of
the
universality
of
art.
现在,研究人员正在将科学方法应用于艺术的普遍性研究中去。
You
should
apply
for
the
position
immediately,in
person
or
by
letter.
你应该立即申请这一职位,或者亲自去,或者写信。
Apply
some
sun
cream
to
your
face
in
case
you
get
burnt
by
the
sunshine.
在你的脸上涂些防晒霜,以免被阳光晒伤。
【迁移应用】
用apply的适当形式填空
(1)My
brother
is
one
of
the
many
　　
　　　for
the
job.?
(2)You
must
　　　　　for
a
passport
before
going
abroad.?
(3)The
new
invention
should
be
widely
　　　　　to
practice.?
(4)He
has
devoted
himself
to
　　　　　chemistry
in
the
past
20
years.?
(5)I
sent
a
letter
of
　　
　　　last
week,but
I
haven’t
received
a
reply
so
far.?
(6)It’s
hard
　　　　　yourself
to
some
dull
work.?
applicants　
apply　
applied
applied　
application　
to
apply
12If
you
want
to
be
an
Olympic
champion,it’s
all
about
that
little
extra
thing
you
have
done
in
your
preparation
that
will
set
you
apart
from
your
competitors.
如果你想成为奥运冠军,就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点,它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中set...apart意为“使与众不同”。
His
use
of
language
sets
him
apart
from
most
other
modern
writers.
他对语言的运用在现代作家中别具一格。
【词汇拓展】
apart
from　　
　除……之外
fall
apart
土崩瓦解
far/wide
apart
离得很远
joking
apart
别说笑话;
认真地说;
说正经的
take...apart
把……拆开
tell...apart
区分;
分辨(两种事物)
Apart
from
English,we
study
Russian
and
Spanish.
除了英语以外,我们还学俄语及西班牙语。
His
promising
career
began
to
fall
apart.
他那本来前程似锦的职业生涯开始土崩瓦解。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他除了脾气坏之外,倒是个好人。
He
is
a
good
man
　　　　　　　　　　his
bad
temper.?
(2)她不同寻常的生活方式使她从小与众不同。
Her
unusual
lifestyle
　　　　　　　　as
a
child.?
apart
from
set
her
apart
13I’d
prefer
to
have
three
or
four
outstanding
years
of
winning
stuff
than
having
ten
years
of
being
average.
我宁愿有三到四年杰出的获奖经历,也不愿有十年的平庸。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中average用作形容词,意为“平庸的,普通的;平凡的;平均的,一般的”,还可以用作名词,意为“平均水平;平均数;平均,均分”。
A
college
classmate
of
mine,Tim,was
an
excellent
football
player,
even
though
he
weighed
much
less
than
the
average
player.
我的大学同学提姆是位优秀的足球运动员,不过他的体重比一般的运动员轻很多。
(2020江苏卷)They
could
walk
at
an
average
speed.
他们可以以平均速度行走。
He
was
in
his
late
twenties
and
of
average
height.
他二十八九岁,中等身高。
【词汇拓展】
on
(an/the)
average　　　　　平均
with
an
average
of
平均为
above
average
在一般水平以上,中上;
在平均数以上
below
average
在一般水平以下,中下;
在平均数以下
be
up
to
the
average
达到一般水平
children
of
average
intelligence
智力一般的儿童
We
received
20
calls
a
day
on
average.
我们平均每天接到二十通电话。
The
readings
we
took
were
well
above
average.
我们记录的读数远远高于平均数。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我女儿上次考试得了136分,远在平均水平以上。
My
daughter
got
a
score
of
136
in
the
last
exam,a
mark
　　　　　　　　　　　.?
(2)我们收的租金远远低于城市平均水平。
The
rent
we
charge
you
is
well
　　　　　　　　　　in
the
city.?
(3)到2019年中国女性平均受教育年数已达9.5年。
By
2019,Chinese
women
had
received
9.5
years
of
education
　　　　　　　　　　.?
well
above
average
below
average　
on
average
(4)我们5个小时走了20千米,换句话说,我们的平均速度是每小时4千米。
We
covered
20
kilometres
in
five
hours.In
other
words,our
　　　　　　　　　　is
4
kilometres
per
hour.?
(5)这个城市的平均房价增长了近30%,达到每平方米9
000元以上。
The
　　　　　　　　　　of
houses
in
this
city
has
increased
by
nearly
30%,reaching
over
9,000
yuan
a
square
metre.?
average
speed　
average
price
14It
is
certainly
not
a
balanced
way
to
live
and
it
is
certainly
not
normal
but
those
words
are
generally
not
used
for
anyone
who
is
striving
for
greatness.这当然不是一种平衡的生活方式,也不是一种正常的生活方式,但那些词通常不用于任何追求卓越的人。(P37)
【词汇精讲】在本句中normal用作形容词,意为“正常的,平常的”,其反义词为abnormal,意为“反常的;不正常的;变态的”。
At
one
time,she
is
fine,but
at
another,she
is
abnormal.
有时候,她表现得很好,但有时候又失常。
Everything
is
absolutely
normal.
一切完全正常。
【词汇辨析】ordinary,common,regular,normal,usual与general
(1)ordinary指人或物符合一般标准,并无非凡或独特之处。in
the
ordinary
way就通常情况而言;out
of
the
ordinary不平常的,非凡的,例外的。
He
is
a
man
of
intelligence
far
above
the
ordinary.
他是个智力非同寻常的人。
(2)common多用于表示“常见的,经常发生的”。common
sense/knowledge常识;have
a
lot/nothing
in
common
with
sb与某人相同/不同。
It’s
common
sense
to
dress
more
warmly
when
it
gets
cold.
天冷了要穿得暖和一点儿,这是常识。
(3)regular指符合常规的、有规律的,暗示没有意外发生或不稳定的情况。
You
have
quite
a
lot
of
regular
customers
so
far
as
I
know.
据我所知,你们有许多老客户。
(4)normal指“正常的,通常的”,指人或物符合常态、常规。come
back/return
to
normal恢复正常;above/below
normal在正常水平之上/下。
Following
the
settlement
of
the
strike,the
train
service
is
now
back
to
normal.
在罢工问题解决之后,铁路交通现在已恢复正常。
(5)usual指“通常的,往常的”,含有一贯如此、并不新奇之意。as
usual像往常一样;than
usual比平常……
This
year
tomatoes
come
into
season
much
earlier
than
usual.
今年番茄上市比往年早得多。
(6)general指“一般的,普遍的”,含“几乎没有例外”之意。in
general总体来说。
As
a
general
rule,
a
body
will
expand
when
heated
and
contract
when
cooled.
一般说来,物体热胀冷缩。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)和许多人一样,和流行音乐相比,他更喜欢古典音乐。
　　　　　　　　　　many
people,
he
prefers
classical
music
to
pop
music.?
(2)她身体好,主要原因是饮食得当以及经常运动。
Her
good
health
is
chiefly
due
to
a
proper
diet
and
　　　　　exercise.?
(3)一般说来,我喜欢喜剧甚于悲剧。
　　　　　　I
prefer
a
comedy
to
a
tragedy.?
In
common
with
regular　
In
general　
(4)她的体温比正常标准高两度。
Her
temperature
is
two
degrees
　　　　　　　　　　.?
(5)像往常一样,来开会的人不多。
　　　
　　　　　,there
weren’t
many
people
at
the
meeting.?
(6)这位老人自从年轻时候就生活有规律。难怪他在八十多岁时还身体健康,精力旺盛。
The
old
man
has
kept
　　　　　hours
since
he
was
young.No
wonder
he
is
still
healthy
and
energetic
in
his
eighties.?
above
normal
As
usual
regular
重点句式
1As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
there
is
a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)
【句式剖析】句中句型there
is
a
good
reason
(to
be/for)意为“……有充足的理由”。
There
are
at
least
two
good
reasons
for
this.
至少有两个充分的理由。
【句式拓展】
there
is
no
reason
(to
be/for)没有理由……
I
was
a
bit
nervous
before
I
arrived
here,but
there
was
no
reason
to
be
(nervous).
在到这儿之前,我有点紧张,但是没有理由紧张。
I
think
there
was
no
reason
to
be
afraid.
我觉得没有理由害怕。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)另一方面,如果一个人不喜欢读书,一年四季都有不读书的正当理由。
On
the
other
hand,　　　　　
　　　　　　　not
doing
any
reading
in
any
of
the
seasons
of
the
year,
if
one
does
not
like
reading.?
(2)我已经告诉你们三次了,没有理由迟到。
I
have
told
you
three
times
that
　　　　　　　　　　　　late.?
there
is
a
good
reason
for
there
is
no
reason
to
be
2I
could
have
become
angry
or
defensive.我本可以变得愤怒或为自己辩护。(P36)
【句式剖析】句中could
have
become是一种表示委婉语的虚拟语气。在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含可能之意时,往往用could/might
have
done
的形式,表示“本可能做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式could/might
not
have
done表示“本不可能做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。
He
did
not
regret
saying
what
he
did
but
felt
that
he
could
have
expressed
it
differently.
他并不后悔说出做过的事,只是觉得本可以用另一种方式来说。
【句式拓展】
(1)在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含责备之意时,往往用should
have
done的形式,表示“本该做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式shouldn’t
have
done表示“本不该做某事而实际上已经做了”。
I
shouldn’t
have
watched
that
movie—it’ll
give
me
horrible
dreams.
我真不该看那部电影的,搞得我噩梦连连。
(2)在英语的委婉语的表达中,如果暗含劝告之意时,往往用need
have
done的形式,表示“本有必要做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式needn’t
have
done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。注意didn’t
have
to
do表示“过去本没有必要做而实际上也没有做”。
Mark
needn’t
have
hurried.After
driving
at
top
speed,
he
arrived
half
an
hour
early.
马克本不必那么急的。高速驾驶之后,他还早到了半个小时。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他花钱买了座位,而他本来可以免费进去的。
He
paid
for
a
seat,when
he
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
(2)她原本不必匆忙的,时间充裕得很。
There
was
plenty
of
time.She
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
(3)你让我急死了。你不该一句话不讲就离开家。
I
was
really
anxious
about
you.You
　　　　　　　　　　　home
without
a
word.?
could
have
entered
free
needn’t
have
hurried
shouldn’t
have
left　
(4)昨天的聚会挺好玩的。你本该来的,但为什么没来?
There
was
a
lot
of
fun
at
yesterday’s
party.You
　　　
　　　　,
but
why
didn’t
you??
should
have
come
重点语法
冠词
一、不定冠词a/an的基本用法
序号
使用场合
例句
1
具有泛指的概念,表示“一类”或“其中的一个”
In
my
opinion,to
take
a
ten-minute
break
between
classes
is
necessary.Otherwise
we
will
feel
tired
both
physically
and
mentally.在我看来,课间休息十分钟是必要的。否则我们会在身体和心理上都感到疲惫。
2
初次提到某人或某物
Last
week
our
class
organised
an
activity
to
thank
our
teachers
before
graduation.上周我们班在毕业前组织了一场感谢我们老师的活动。
序号
使用场合
例句
3
在速度、比率、价格等前面
You
can
buy
second-hand
books
at
a
low
price
in
one
of
our
school
clubs.你可以在我校一个社团低价买到二手书。
4
用在某些不可数名词前,使该不可数名词可数化
Would
you
like
a
coffee
or
a
tea?你想喝一杯咖啡还是茶?
On
half
way
to
our
destination,we
were
caught
in
a
heavy
rain,but
we
still
went
on.去目的地的半路上我们遇到大雨,但是我们仍然前行。
5
用在某些抽象名词前,使该抽象名词具体化
He
has
a
good
knowledge
of
chemistry.他精通化学。
No
matter
how/However
tough
the
task
is,there
is
no
doubt
that
we
will
overcome
all
the
difficulties
and
win
a
complete
success.无论任务多么艰巨,毫无疑问我们会克服所有的困难取得圆满成功。
序号
使用场合
例句
6
用在专有名词前,表示类似的一个或某一个
He
is
a
Jiao
Yulu.他是一个焦裕禄式的人物。
A
Mr
Smith
wishes
to
speak
to
you.一个叫史密斯先生的人想和你说话。
7
表示“同一个”的意思
The
two
boys
are
of
an
age.两个男生同岁。
These
classrooms
are
of
a
(=the
same)
size.这些教室一样大小。
序号
使用场合
例句
8
不定冠词的特殊位置:how/so/as/too+形容词+不定冠词+名词
Never
will
you
meet
so
kind
a
teacher(=
such
a
kind
teacher)
like
him.你绝不会遇到像他一样善良的老师。
Maths
was
too
difficult
a
subject
for
me,so
I
chose
to
learn
liberal
arts.数学对我来说太难了,所以我选择文科。
序号
使用场合
例句
9
构成短语如a
number
of,a
variety
of,a
great
deal
of,a
large
amount
of,
a
lot
of等
A
wide
variety
of
after-class
activities
will
broaden
our
horizon,enrich
our
school
life
and
make
us
relaxed.丰富多彩的课外活动能够让我们开阔眼界,充实学校生活,还能使我们得到放松。
A
number
of
students
took
part
in
the
voluntary
activity
yesterday.昨天许多学生参加了志愿者活动。
10
名词前冠词a或an的使用根据发音而不是单词的首字母
a
university一所大学
a
European
country一个欧洲国家
an
hour一小时
an
honest
man一个诚实的人
常见带有a,an或one的短语:
all
of
a
sudden突然
as
a
matter
of
fact事实上
in
a
hurry匆忙
in
a
word总之
do
sb
a
favour帮某人一个忙
pay
a
visit
to拜访
a
handful
of少量的
a
length
of一根,一段
a
variety
of种种
an
article
of一件
a
total
of总共
an
average
of平均
one
by
one一个接一个
one
after
another一个接一个
one
day(有)一天
80
km
an
hour每小时80千米
three
times
a
day一天三次
a
depth
of深度为
二、定冠词the的主要用法
序号
使用场合
例句
1
表示特指和第二次提到的人或物
For
one
thing,it’s
against
the
rules
of
the
school.首先,这违反学校规定。
2
表示世界上独一无二的事物
The
teacher
told
us
that
the
earth
turns
round
the
sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
3
用在序数词、形容词最高级前面
He
was
the
first
man
to
think
of
it.他是第一个想到这一点的人。
4
用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前
England
and
France
are
connected
by
the
English
Channel.英吉利海峡连接英法两国。
序号
使用场合
例句
5
用在形容词或过去分词前表示一类人
We
are
planning
to
visit
the
elderly
in
Chaoyang
nursery
home.我们计划去看望朝阳敬老院的老年人。
6
用在表示国家和民族的形容词前表示泛指该国的人民
In
order
to
encourage
people
to
plant
trees,the
Chinese
fixed
March
12th
as
a
day
for
planting
trees.为了鼓励大家植树,中国人将3月12
日定为植树节。
7
用在姓氏的复数前,表示该夫妇俩或全家人
Hearing
Xiaoming
was
admitted
to
Peking
University,the
Zhangs
jumped
with
joy.听到小明被北京大学录取,张家人欣喜若狂。
序号
使用场合
例句
8
乐器、通信设备前一定要加定冠词
Peter
likes
playing
football
while
I
am
fond
of
playing
the
piano.彼得喜欢踢足球,而我喜欢弹钢琴。
9
用于某些缩略词之前
the
PRC中华人民共和国
10
用在表示发明物的单数可数名词之前
Do
you
know
who
invented
the
television?你知道是谁发明的电视机吗?
常见固定搭配:
in
the
morning上午
on
the
other
hand另一方面
by
the
hour按小时计算
in
the
1990s在20世纪90年代
hit
sb
on
the
shoulder拍打某人的肩膀
三、零冠词
序号
使用场合
例句
1
季节、节日(用day表示的节日)、星期、三餐(前面没有修饰词时)等之前,一般不加冠词
(festival表示的节日前加the)
At
noon
we
eat
at
the
school
dining
hall,and
enjoy
talking
with
friends
over
lunch.
我们在学校食堂吃午餐,并可以在午餐期间和朋友们交谈。
There
are
a
lot
of
activities
at
the
beach
in
summer.夏天海滩上有很多活动。
Shall
we
go
to
visit
our
former
teacher
on
Teachers’
Day?教师节那天我们去拜访以前的老师,好吗?
序号
使用场合
例句
2
名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时,一般不加冠词
I’d
like
to
attend
English
lectures,from
which
I
can
get
more
information
on
British
and
American
culture.我想要参加英语讲座,从中我可以获得很多关于英美文化的信息。
3
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加冠词
Anxiety
is
a
common
problem
among
senior
three
students.焦虑问题是高三学生中普遍存在的问题。
序号
使用场合
例句
4
球类、棋类、学科等名称前,一般不加冠词
I
have
been
learning
English
for
8
years
and
I
have
computer
experience.我学英语八年了,而且有电脑经验。
On
arriving
there,we
began
working.Some
were
doing
some
cleaning,some
were
washing
clothes
for
the
elderly
and
others
were
playing
chess
and
chatting
with
them.一到达那里,我们就开始劳动。一些人打扫卫生,一些人帮老人洗衣服,另一些人陪他们下棋聊天。
5
称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前,不加冠词
He
was
elected
monitor
of
our
class.他被选为我们班的班长。
序号
使用场合
例句
6
在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词
At
two
o’clock
in
the
afternoon,we’ll
gather
at
the
school
gate,after
which
we’ll
set
out
for
the
destination
by
bus.下午两点,我们在校门口集合,然后乘公交车去目的地。
7
turn(变成、成为)后面的名词前不加冠词。但become后面的名词前一定要加冠词
My
dream
was
to
become
a
teacher
when
I
grew
up,but
I
turned
writer
20
years
later.我的梦想是长大后当老师,结果二十年后成了作家。
序号
使用场合
例句
8
在一个以“普通名词+as”所引导的让步状语从句中,该普通名词前不加冠词
Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot.虽然是个孩子,他却懂得很多。
Student
as
he
is,he
earns
a
lot
of
money
by
selling
goods
online.尽管他还是个学生,通过网上售货他挣了很多钱。
9
泛指的复数名词前不用冠词
Optional
courses
enable
students
to
engage
in
what
they
are
really
interested
in
and
what
they
are
willing
to
devote
to.选修课可以使学生们投入到自己真正感兴趣且愿意努力去做的事情上。
序号
使用场合
例句
10
school、church、prison、hospital前不加冠词,表示抽象的概念
Our
school
is
quite
close
to
our
home,so
we
could
go
to
school
together
by
bike.学校离我们家很近,所以我们可以一起骑自行车去上学。
11
绝对不可数名词[如fun、news、information、word
(消息)、advice、nature等]前不用不定冠词
We
not
only
gain
a
well
balanced
life
through
going
in
for
sports,but
also
get
more
chances
to
make
more
friends
and
stay
closer
to
nature.通过体育锻炼,我们不仅能够拥有平衡的生活,而且有更多的机会去结交朋友,去接近大自然。
常见固定搭配:
in
deep
debt债台高筑
in
good
health身体安康
in
good
condition性能良好
in
great
demand急需
in
great
need
of急需……
in
time
of
danger危难之时
in
office就职
in
honour
of为了纪念……
in
trouble陷入麻烦
in
favour
of赞同……
with
anger怒气冲天
in
general一般来说
in
size大小方面
in
character在性格上
in
sight在视野之内
in/out
of
order秩序井然/无序
on
business出差
on
holiday度假
on
leave请假
on
watch放哨
on
fire失火
heart
and
soul全心全意
knife
and
fork刀叉
husband
and
wife夫妇
brother
and
sister兄弟姐妹
from
morning
till
night从早到晚
on
horseback骑马
at
sea出海
四、特殊情况
(一)有无冠词意义不同
序号
无冠词
有冠词
1
out
of
problem不成问题
out
of
the
problem不可能
2
take
place发生;举行
take
the
place代替
3
in
hospital住院
in
the
hospital在医院里
4
at
table在吃饭
at
the
table在餐桌旁
5
in
front
of在……前方
in
the
front
of在……前部
6
three
of
us我们中的三个人
the
three
of
us我们三个人
序号
无冠词
有冠词
7
on
earth究竟
on
the
earth在地球上
8
lose
colour脸色苍白
lose
the
colour褪色
9
of
age成年
of
an
age同岁数
10
lose
heart灰心
lose
one’s
heart爱上
11
go
to
school上学
go
to
the
school去学校里
12
in
charge
of负责……
in
the
charge
of由……负责
13
in
control
of控制……
in
the
control
of由……控制
14
in
possession
of拥有……
in
the
possession
of由……拥有
(二)用定冠词或不定冠词意义不同
序号
不定冠词
定冠词
1
a
number
of许多
the
number
of
……的数量
2
a
second又一,再一
the
second第二个
随堂练习
Ⅰ.冠词填空
1.I
like
　　　　　music,
especially
　　　　　music
of
the
film.?
答案/;the
2.How
sweetly
she
sings!I
have
never
heard
　　　　　better
voice.?
答案a
3.Beijing
is
　　　　　second
largest
city
in
China.?
答案the
4.My
trip
to
Tibet
was
really
　　　　　unforgettable
experience.?
答案an
5.His
mother’s
sudden
death
came
to
him
as
　　　　　shock.?
答案a
6.This
watch
is
　　　　　18th
century
watch,which
has
been
passed
down
from
my
great
grandpa.?
答案an
7.I
think
it
really
　　　　　honour
for
me
to
speak
here.?
答案an
8.This
lab
used
to
be
in
　　　　　charge
of
Mr
Wang.?
答案the
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.这个校园非常漂亮,是一个学习的好地方。
答案The
campus
is
very
beautiful,which
is
a
good
place
to
study.
2.只要你坚持你的学习计划,你肯定能取得巨大进步。
答案As
long
as
you
stick
to
your
plans
for
your
study,you
are
sure
to
make
great
progress.
3.上周二,我们班进行了如何保护环境的讨论。
答案Last
Tuesday,our
class
held
a
discussion
on
how
to
protect
our
environment.
4.一个阳光灿烂的上午,我们骑车前往目的地,一路上有说有笑。
答案One
sunny
morning,we
set
out
for
our
destination
by
bike,talking
and
laughing
all
the
way.
5.休息片刻之后,我们尽情地在外面唱歌跳舞,说笑话讲故事。
答案After
a
short
rest,we
had
great
fun
singing
and
dancing
outside,telling
jokes
and
stories.
Ⅲ.选词填空
on
average,on
average
of,above
average,with
an
average
of
1.　　　　　　　
we
would
spend
￡300
per
day.?
答案On
average
2.Teachers
usually
like
students
whose
schoolwork
is
　　　　　　　.?
答案above
average
3.Besides,
the
dog
tends
to
bark
　　　　　　　six
hours
a
day.?
答案on
average
of
4.It’s
a
small
shop,　　　　　　　
about
500
customers
a
week.?
答案with
an
average
of
common,
usual,
ordinary
5.Snow
is
　　　　　in
cold
countries.?
答案common
6.Are
you
coming
home
at
the
　　　　　time??
答案usual
7.An
　　　　　workday
is
eight
hours.?
答案ordinary
本课结束(共28张PPT)
UNIT
2
单元重点回顾
英
语
2021
主题语境
人与自我　做人与做事
重点词汇
1.determined
adj.坚定的,坚决的　　　　　　　　　
be
determined
to
do
sth坚决要做某事(状态)
determine
v.决定,确定;下决心　
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
(强调动作,是非延续性动词短语)
determine+疑问词+to
do
sth决心……做某事
determination
n.决心,果断　a
man
　　　　determination有决断力的人?
2.committed
adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的　
commit
v.做出(错的或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)
commit
a
mistake犯错　commit
a
crime犯罪　
commitment
n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺
make
a
commitment做出承诺
of　
3.appreciative
adj.感激的　　　　　　　　　　　　
appreciate
vt.鉴赏;感激
appreciate
　　　　sth欣赏/感激做某事
appreciate
English
poetry欣赏英文诗?
appreciate
one’s
friendship珍视某人的友谊
appreciate
one’s
help感谢某人的帮助
appreciation
n.评价;鉴赏(力)
4.make
sense有意义;解释得通
make
sense
of弄懂……的意思;理解
in
a
sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上
in
　　　　sense决不?
there’s
no/little
sense
in
doing
sth做某事没有意义
doing　
no　
5.injury
n.伤,损害
injured
adj.受伤的
the
injured伤员
be
badly/seriously/severely/slightly
injured受伤严重/轻微
6.employee
n.雇员　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
employ
vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于　n.雇佣,受雇
in
the
employ
of...受雇于……
employed
workers在职职工;在岗职工
employment
n.职业;雇用;使用
　　　　
employment在工作?
employment
rate就业率;雇用率
employer
n.雇主
in　
7.fortune
n.大笔的钱,巨款
be
in
good/bad
fortune运气好/坏
have
good/bad
fortune运气好/坏
make
a/one’s
fortune发财致富
seek
one’s
fortune找出路
try
one’s
fortune碰运气
fortunate
adj.幸运的
unfortunate
adj.不幸的
fortunately
adv.幸好;幸运的是
unfortunately
adv.不幸的是
8.get
on发迹;出人头地
get
on/along
well
　　　　sth某事进展顺利?
get
on/along
well
with
sb与某人相处融洽
get
　　　　　被理解,使人了解?
get
by勉强度日;勉强及格
get
down
to
　　　　　sth静下心来做某事(to是介词)?
get
in收获;把……收起来
get
off下(车、飞机等)
get
out
of逃避;避免
get
　　　　　做完;克服?
get
rid
　　　　　除掉,摆脱
get
　　　　　接通(电话);完成;通过?
get
together聚会
get
up起床;起身
with
across
doing
over
of
through　
9.guilty
adj.内疚的,羞愧的　　　　　　　　　　　　
be
guilty
　　　　　犯有……罪行?
be/feel
guilty
　　　　　对……感到愧疚
have
a
guilty
conscience问心有愧;
做贼心虚?
guilt
n.罪行;内疚
a
sense
of
guilt负罪感;内疚感
of
about　
fortably
adv.舒服地,舒适地
comfort
vt.安慰;慰问;使……安逸/舒适　n.安慰;慰问;安逸,舒适
comfort
sb安慰某人
comfort...with...以……安慰……;使……舒适
be
a
comfort
　　　　　sb对某人来说是个安慰(抽象名词具体化)?
　　　
comfort舒服地
take/have/draw
comfort
from...从……中得到慰藉?
give
sb
comfort
=
give
comfort
to
sb安慰某人(=comfort
sb)
comfortable
adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的
to
in
be
comfortable
about/with
sth对某事感到轻松/惬意
make
oneself
comfortable请随意,不用拘束;让自己舒服
uncomfortable
adj.不舒服的,不安逸的
discomfort
n.不舒服;不安　vt.使……不舒服;使……不安
uncomfortably
adv.不舒适地
11.drop
　　　　退出,脱离;辍学　drop
out
of退出　　　
drop
back/behind后退;落后;落在……后面?
drop
off打盹;小睡;减少;下降;中途下客或卸货
drop
in
　　　　sb顺便拜访某人?
drop
in/by顺便拜访
drop
sb
a
line/note寄,送,写(信)
12.influential
adj.有影响力的　
influence
v.影响;感染　n.影响力;影响;权势;势力;有影响的人(或事物)
have
an
influence
　　　　　对……有影响?
out
on　
on/upon
13.devote
v.把……献给;专心致力于……
devote
　　　　　致力于?
devote
oneself
to献身于……;专心于……
devote
one’s
time/life/energy
to致力于
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth献身于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
devotion
n.挚爱,关爱,关照;奉献
devoted
adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
14.reject
v.拒绝接受
reject
an/one’s
offer
of
sth拒绝别人提供的某物
reject
an
appeal驳回上诉
reject
a
gift/an
opinion/a
suggestion/an
invitation拒绝接受礼物/意见/建议/邀请
rejection
n.拒绝
rejected
adj.被拒绝的
to　
15.limit
v.限制,限定　n.限制,限定;界限;限度　　　　　
go
beyond/over
the
limit超过限度
within
limits在一定程度内
set
a
limit
to
sth对某事(物)加以限制
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
limited
adj.有限(制)的
be
limited
to
sth受限于某事
16.convince
v.使确信;使信服
convince
sb
　　　　　sth使某人相信某事?
convince
sb
to
do
sth说服某人做某事
convince
sb+that从句
使某人确信……
convinced
adj.坚定不移的;有坚定信仰的
be
convinced
of
sth/that相信……
convincing
adj.令人信服的
of
17.ruin
v.糟蹋;毁坏　n.毁灭;废墟(常用复数),遗迹;残余　
　　　　　
ruins成为废墟?
bring
sb
to
ruin使某人失败;
使某人倾家荡产
bring
ruin
upon
oneself自取灭亡
come/fall/go
to
ruin毁灭,灭亡;
崩溃;
破坏掉
be
the
ruin
of成为……毁灭/堕落的原因
ruin
oneself毁掉自己
18.sacrifice
n.牺牲;祭品;供奉　v.牺牲;供奉;
献祭
sacrifice...for为……而牺牲……
at
the
sacrifice
of以……为代价
make
a
sacrifice
　　　　　为……付出代价?
in　
for　
19.countless
adj.无数的,数不尽的
count
vt.计算;
认为　vi.(按顺序)数数;重要　n.数出总数;
论点,观点
count
　　　　　依靠;
依赖
countable
adj.可数的?
20.boil
v.(使)沸腾,煮沸;激动
boil
down
to
sth归结为;要点是
boil
away使(某物)烧干;蒸发;沸腾
boil
down煮浓
21.stay
in待在家里;固定……位置上不动;(火焰)继续燃烧
stay
at停留在……;住在……
stay
away
(from)离开,缺席　　　
stay
out在户外
on　
22.apply
oneself
to
sth努力;专心致志于某事
apply
vt.涂,敷;应用,运用　vi.申请;应用,使用;适用
apply
　　　　　申请,请求
apply
(to
sb)
for...(向某人)申请……?
apply...　　　　　...把……运用到……中去;将……涂抹到……上面?
applicant
n.申请人
applied
adj.应用的;实用的
applied
science应用科学
application
n.申请;应用
for
to　
23.set...apart
使……与众不同
apart
　　　　　除……之外?
fall
apart土崩瓦解
far/wide
apart离得很远
joking
apart别说笑话;
认真地说;
说正经的
take...apart把……拆开
tell...apart区分;
分辨(两种事物)
24.average
adj.平庸的,普通的;平凡的　n.平均水平;平均数;平均,均分　
on
(an/the)
average平均
　　　
an
average
of平均为?
　　　
average在一般水平以上,中上;
在平均数以上?
　　　
average在一般水平以下,中下;
在平均数以下?
be
up
to
the
average达到一般水平
from　
with
above
below　
25.normal
adj.正常的,平常的
26.recognised
adj.公认的;经过检验的　　　　　　　　　　　
It
is
generally
recognised
that...人们公认……
recognise
v.辨认出;承认,认可
recognise
sb/sth
by/from...根据/通过……认出某人/某物,辨别出某人/某物
recognise
sb/sth
as/to
be把某人/某物认作
be
recognised
　　　　　被公认为/承认是……
recognise
that...承认……,意识到……?
recognition
n.认出;认可
out
of/beyond
recognition认不出来
as　
27.contribute
v.捐献;促成
contribute
　　　　　对……做出贡献;投入……;促成;有助于(to是介词)?
contributor
n.投稿者;捐助者
contribution
n.贡献,捐献,捐助;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)为……做出贡献(to是介词)
28.retire
v.退休,退职
retire
from从……退休/退出
retired
adj.退休的;退役的
retire
to退休后去往
retirement
n.退休;退役
to　
29.advanced
adj.先进的;高级的;高等的;晚期的
advance
n.前进;提升　vt.&vi.前进;提前
　　　
advance事先,提前
in
advance
of在……前面;在……之前?
advance
the
friendly
relations
between...增进……间的友好关系
advance
the
growth
of...促进……的生长
advancement
n.发展
30.reference
n.推荐信;谈到,提及
in/with
reference
to关于
refer
v.把……提交;把……归因;归类;参考;谈及;咨询
refer
to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
refer
　　　　　查阅;提到;涉及?
in　
to
31.promotion
n.提升,晋升
promote
vt.促进;提升;促销
promote
sb
(from...)
to...把某人(从……)提升到……
promote
products促销产品
promote
world
peace促进世界和平
重点句型
1.He
was
tired
of
being
regarded
as
living
a
successful
life,as
a
person
　　　　　had
everything
　　　　　many
people
had
nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,被认为是一个拥有一切的人,而很多人却一无所有。(P31)?
2.　　　　　
he
had
more
than
two
thousand
dollars,he
would
give
away
small
bank
notes
to
homeless
people
in
the
streets
of
local
areas.无论什么时候只要他有两千多美元,他就会在当地街道上向无家可归的人分发小面额的钞票。(P31)?
who
while　
Whenever　
3.As
one
of
the
Olympic
athletes,I
miss
birthday
parties,ruin
family
holidays
and
skip
nights
out,but
　　　　　　a
very
good
reason
for
giving
up
so
much.作为一名奥运选手,我错过了生日派对,破坏了家庭假日,错过了夜晚外出,但我有充分的理由放弃这么多。(P36)?
4.I
could
　　　　　　　　　　angry
or
defensive.我本可以变得愤怒或为自己辩护。(P36)?
5.He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,driven
by
the
idea
　　　　　he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.他在那里有一份好工作,过着舒适的生活,但他为了回家而放弃了一切,因为他认为自己需要为国家做出贡献。(P43)?
there
is　
have
become　
that　
6.Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,　　　　　this
experience
　　　　　helped
her
to
succeed...罗琳的第一部小说在最终出版前被十二家出版商拒绝,然而矛盾的是,正是这段经历帮助她获得了成功……(P44)?
it
was
that
重点语法
动词-ing形式
1.动词-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
Seeing
it
once
is
better
than
being
told
100
times.百闻不如一见。
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.对不起让你久等了。
My
job
is
teaching.我的工作是教书。
2.动词-ing形式作状语、定语、宾语补足语
Not
having
received
any
reply,he
decided
to
write
again.没有收到回复,他决定再写一封信。
The
question
being
discussed
at
the
meeting
now
is
very
important.正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。
I
can
see
some
kids
playing
on
the
playground.我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。
冠词
1.不定冠词a/an的用法
You
can
buy
second-hand
books
at
a
low
price
in
one
of
our
school
societies.你可以在我校一个社团低价买到二手书。
2.定冠词the的主要用法
For
one
thing,
it’s
against
the
rules
of
the
school.首先,这违反学校规定。
3.零冠词
Shall
we
go
to
visit
our
former
teacher
on
Teachers’
Day?教师节那天我们去拜访以前的老师,好吗?
本课结束(共67张PPT)
UNIT
2
Section
C　WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.iron
n.　　　　　　　　　　　?
2.hammer
n.
　　　　　　　　?
3.retire
vi.
　　　　　　　　?
4.leadership
n.
　　　　　　　　?
5.forwards
adv.
　　　　　　　　?
6.collapse
vi.
　　　　　　　　?
7.faith
n.
　　　　　　　　?
铁;熨斗　
榔头;锤子　
退休;退职
领导;领导地位　
向前　
突然倒下;倒塌　
相信;信任　
8.discipline
n.
　　　　　　　　?
vt.
　　　　　　　　?
9.fashion
n.
　　　　　　　　?
10.bridal
adj.
　　　　　　　　?
11.label
n.
　　　　　　　　?
vt.
　　　　　　　　?
12.entrance
n.
　　　　　　　　?
13.　　　　　
　　　adj.公认的;经过检验的?
14.　　　　　
v.捐献;促成?
自制力　
惩罚,处罚　
时尚　
婚礼的;新娘的　
便签,标记　
贴标签于　
进入许可;入口
recognised　
contribute　
15.　　　　　
n.方式,特点?
16.　　　　　
n.奉献;忠心?
17.　　　　　
adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的?
18.　　　　　
n.推荐信;谈到,提及?
19.　　　　　
vt.创立;创建?
20.　　　　　
n.嫌弃;拒绝接受?
21.　　　　　
n.设计师,设计者?
22.　　　　　
adv.痛苦地;愤恨地?
23.　　　　　
n.提升,晋升?
24.　　　　　
n.收入;收益?
style　
devotion　
advanced　
reference　
found　
rejection　
designer　
bitterly　
promotion　
income
重点短语
1.retire
from　　　　　　?
2.　　
　　?
造成;对……做贡献
3.　　　　?
承担;呈现;接受;从事
4.　　　　?
偿清;取得成功;得到回报
从……退休　
contribute
to　
take
on
pay
off
重点句式
1.He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,
driven
by
the
idea
that
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.
2.Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,it
was
this
experience
that
helped
her
to
succeed...
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P40课文,搭配段落大意。
1.Paragraph
1
　　　　?
2.Paragraph
2
　　　　?
3.Paragraph
3
　　　　?
4.Paragraph
4
　　　　?
A.Lang
Ping’s
achievements
as
a
coach.
B.Lang
Ping’s
style
and
achievements
as
a
player.
C.Contributions
of
Lang
Ping
in
China’s
volleyball
history.
D.Awards
given
to
Lang
Ping.
A
B
C
D
B.根据P43课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.Why
did
Huang
Danian
choose
to
return
to
home?
A.He
had
lived
in
the
UK
too
long.
B.He
was
tired
of
living
in
the
UK.
C.He
thought
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.
D.China
offered
a
good
job
and
a
happy
life.
答案
C
2.Which
of
the
following
has
nothing
to
do
with
Huang
Danian?
A.Deep
earth
exploration
programme.
B.A
state-of-the-art
lab.
C.Tiangong-2.
D.Shenzhou-2.
答案
D
3.What
can
we
know
about
Huang
Danian’s
disease?
A.It
was
diagnosed
in
2012.
B.It
left
him
only
a
couple
of
months
to
live.
C.It
contributed
to
his
death
in
January
2016.
D.It
resulted
in
his
quitting
his
work
immediately.
答案
B
4.What
is
the
fifth
paragraph
mainly
talking
about?
A.Huang
Danian’s
struggle
against
the
disease.
B.Huang
Danian’s
work
always
came
first.
C.Huang
Danian’s
hope
for
the
young.
D.Huang
Danian’s
death
and
funeral.
答案
C
C.根据P44-45课文内容,完成下面表格(每空一词)。
Name
Experiences
J.K.Rowling
The
failure
of
her
first
novel
made
her
more
determined
and
1.　
　　.?
Steve
Jobs
The
2.　　
　
early
in
his
career
freed
him
to
enter
one
of
the
most
3.
　　　
periods
in
his
life.?
Bill
Gates
The
4.　　
　
of
his
first
company
didn’t
work.But
he
learned
a
5.
　
　　
and
it
contributed
to
his
global
success
that
is
now
Microsoft.?
Vera
Wang
She
was
a
failure
6.　　　
as
an
ice
skater
and
an
editor.Then
she
set
up
her
own
bridal
fashion
label
and
has
7.
　　
　
a
global
fashion
empire.?
Ang
Lee
He
8.　　　
either
as
a
student
or
as
an
actor.However,his
wife
9.　
　　
him
greatly
and
he
was
determined
to
10.
　
　
with
his
dream,which
led
to
his
success.?
disciplined　
failure　
creative　
product　
lesson　
both　
built
failed　
encouraged
stick
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1Lang
Ping
is
one
of
China’s
most
recognised
athletes.郎平是中国最受认可的运动员之一。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中recognised用作形容词,意为“公认的;经过检验的”。美式英语写作recognized。
Using
short,easily
recognised
words
can
make
your
text
widely
accepted.
使用简短、容易识别的单词可以让你的文章被广泛接受。
【词汇拓展】
It
is
generally
recognised
that...人们公认……
recognise
v.
辨认出;承认,认可
recognise
sb/sth
by/from...
根据/通过……认出某人/某物,辨别出某人/某物
recognise
sb/sth
as/to
be
把某人/某物认作
be
recognised
as
被公认为/承认是……
recognise
that...
承认……,意识到……
recognition
n.
认出;认可
out
of/beyond
recognition
认不出来
It
is
recognised
that
traffic
jam
has
become
a
serious
problem
to
citizens.
人们认识到,交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。
The
salesgirl
looked
at
him
for
a
second,and
then
recognised
him
and
said,“Oh,hi!”
女售货员看了他一会儿,认出了他,说道:“哦,你好!”
Our
behaviour
is
often
shaped
by
little
pressures
around
us,
which
we
fail
to
recognise.
我们的行为经常受到我们周围微小压力的影响,而这一点我们却没意识到。
【词汇辨析】
recognise,realise与know
(1)recognise
(=know
again;make
out)指在原先认识的基础上认出,为瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用;
(2)realise
(=come
to
know)“意识到,认识到(问题、错误等)”,也是瞬间动词;
(3)know为延续性动词,可与表示一段时间的状语连用,强调认识这一状态。如:
Some
day
you
will
come
to
realise
the
importance
of
saving.
将来你会逐渐意识到节约的重要性。
I
have
known
him
too
long
and
too
well
to
be
a
fair
judge.
我认识他太久,跟他也太熟,因此很难做个公正的评判人。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)玛丽这几年改变了很多,我一下子没认出她来。
Mary
has
changed
a
lot
these
years,so
I
　　　　　　　　　　　at
first
sight.?
(2)我们十年前就认识了,当时我们俩都还是高中生。
We
　　　　　　　　　　　　　since
10
years
ago,when
we
were
both
high
school
students.?
didn’t
recognise
her
have
known
each
other
(3)酸雨被认为是全球最严重的环境问题之一。
Acid
rain
　　　　　　　　　　　one
of
the
most
serious
global
environmental
problems.?
(4)直到妈妈指出后,他才认识到自己的错误。
He
　　　　　　　　　　his
mistake
until
his
mother
pointed
it
out.?
is
recognised
as
didn’t
realise
2She
has
been
a
volleyball
star
for
more
than
thirty-five
years
and
has
contributed
greatly
to
the
sport,which
has
made
her
the
most
popular
figure
in
China’s
volleyball
history.她已经成为排球明星超过三十五年,为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献,这使她成为中国排球史上最受欢迎的人物。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中contribute用作动词,意为“捐献;促成”,还可以意为“投稿”。
He
contributed
half
of
his
savings
to
earthquake
victims.
他将一半的积蓄捐献给了地震灾区人民。
Students
are
encouraged
to
contribute
articles
to
the
university
magazine.
学生被鼓励向校刊投稿。
【词汇拓展】
contribute
to　　　对……做出贡献;投入……;促成;有助于(to是介词)
contributor
n.
投稿者;捐助者
contribution
n.
贡献,捐献,捐助;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)
为……做出贡献(to是介词)
Such
rude
riding
contributes
to
the
disorder
of
traffic.
像这样野蛮开车导致了交通混乱。
Failure
can
make
a
positive
contribution
to
your
life
once
you
learn
to
use
it.
一旦你学会利用失败,它可以对你的生活做出积极的贡献。
【词汇辨析】
contribute与donate
contribute与donate
意义相近,但donate强调“无偿捐献”,一般指捐赠钱财;contribute强调“做出贡献”。此外,
contribute还可表示“投稿,有助于”。
She
asked
him
to
contribute
a
weekly
article
on
European
affairs.
她约他每周写一篇有关欧洲情况的文稿。
He
has
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
cancer
research
in
the
past
few
years.
过去几年,他为癌症研究捐了很多钱。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我也希望每个人都能成为我们民族的脊梁,为社会做出巨大的贡献!
I
do
hope
everybody
can
become
the
backbone
of
our
nation
and
　　　　　　　　　　　　　society!?
(2)众所周知,新鲜空气和大量的锻炼有助于身体健康。
As
we
all
know,fresh
air
and
plenty
of
exercise
　　　　　　　good
health.?
(3)编辑们对他这些年撰写的文章赞不绝口。
The
editors
speak
highly
of
the
articles
he
　　　　　　　　　　over
the
years.?
make
great
contributions
to
contribute
to
has
contributed
(4)长时间坐在屏幕前对我们的健康有不良影响,会导致后背和脖子的疼痛。
Sitting
for
long
periods
of
time
before
the
screen
has
an
unhealthy
influence
on
us,　　　　　　　　　back
and
neck
pains.?
(5)公众被呼吁无偿地向红十字会献血。
The
public
are
called
on　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
Red
Cross
without
payment.?
contributing
to
to
donate
blood
to
3After
retiring
as
an
athlete
in
1986
she
has
been
successful
as
a
volleyball
coach
in
the
United
States
and
Italy.
1986年她作为一名运动员退役后,在美国和意大利成为一名成功的排球教练。(P40)
【词汇精讲】在本句中retire用作动词,意为“退休;退职”;短语retire
from意为“从……退休/退出”。
My
father
retired
at
the
age
of
60.
我父亲六十岁时退休了。
When
Jim’s
uncle
retired
from
the
railway
company,he
was
given
a
gold
watch.
吉姆的伯父从铁路公司退休时得到一块金表。
【词汇拓展】
retire
to　　　　　　退休后去往
retired
adj.
退休的;退役的
retirement
n.
退休;退役
The
old
worker
decided
to
retire
to
the
countryside.
那名老工人决定退休后搬到乡下去。
She
took
to
painting
after
retirement.
她退休后爱上了绘画。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)许多人退休后搬到乡下去了,在那里他们可以享受安静并呼吸新鲜空气。
Many
people
　　　　　　　the
countryside,where
they
can
enjoy
peace
and
fresh
air.?
(2)他们决定不再务农。
They
had
decided
to
　　　　　　　farming.?
(3)退休后,在生活中保持健康和平衡的饮食和定期锻炼是重要的。
　　
　　　　　,keeping
a
healthy
and
balanced
diet
and
exercising
regularly
are
important
in
life.?
retire
to　
retire
from
After
retirement
4Huang
was
named
lead
scientist
on
China’s
deep
earth
exploration
programme,developing
advanced
cameras
that
can
see
through
the
Earth’s
crust
so
that
it
can
be
analysed
without
having
to
dig
into
it.黄被任命为中国深度地球探索计划的首席科学家,他开发了能够透视地壳的先进相机,这样就可以不用深入地壳进行分析。(P43)
【词汇精讲】在本句中advanced用作形容词,意为“先进的;高级的;高等的;晚期的”。
England
is
an
advanced
industrial
country.
英国是一个发达的工业国家。
The
ancient
Egyptians
had
advanced
civilisation.
古埃及人曾经拥有高度文明。
Thanks
to
the
advanced
technology,we
live
in
an
age
of
better
communication.
得益于先进的技术,我们生活在一个更好交流的时代。
【词汇拓展】
advance
n.　　
　　　　前进;提升
vt.&
vi.
前进;提前
in
advance
事先,提前
in
advance
of
在……前面;在……之前
advance
the
friendly
relations
between...
增进……间的友好关系
advance
the
growth
of...
促进……的生长
advancement
n.
发展
(2020天津卷)Next
time
you
visit
Bob,remember
to
give
him
a
call
in
advance.
下次你拜访鲍勃时,记得提前给他打个电话。
China
has
been
advancing
rapidly
in
industry
over
the
years.
这些年中国在工业上发展得很快。
Galileo’s
ideas
were
well
in
advance
of
the
age
in
which
he
lived.
伽利略的思想远远超越了他所生活的时代。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)你本应该和医生提前预约的。
You
should
have
made
an
appointment
with
the
doctor
　　　　　　　　.?
(2)将军夜晚将部队向前推进。
The
general
　　　　　his
troops
at
night.?
(3)会议日期已从星期五提前到星期三。
The
date
of
the
meeting
has
been
　　　　　from
Friday
to
Wednesday.?
in
advance
advanced　
advanced　
(4)那时朗尼已经遥遥领先。
Lonnie
was
far
　　　　　　　　　　anyone
else
by
then.?
(5)我们有些产品已达到了世界先进水平。
Some
of
our
products
have
reached
　　　　　world
levels.?
in
advance
of
advanced
5Even
from
his
hospital
bed,he
continued
his
work,writing
letters
of
reference
for
his
colleagues
and
replying
to
questions
from
his
students.即使躺在医院的病床上,他仍继续工作,为同事写推荐信,回答学生的问题。(P43)
【词汇精讲】在本句中reference用作名词,意为“推荐信;谈到,提及;(向读者指示参考书、文章等的)附注,旁注”。
The
textbooks
and
dictionaries
can
be
used
as
reference
books
while
the
magazines
serve
as
reading
materials.
教科书和字典可以作为参考书,而杂志可以作为阅读材料。
【词汇拓展】
in/with
reference
to　　关于
refer
v.
把……提交;把……归因;归类;参考;谈及;咨询
refer
to...as...
把……称作……
refer...to...
把……提交给……
refer
to
查阅;提到;涉及
This
typical
sleep
pattern
is
usually
referred
to
as
the
“night
owl”
schedule
of
sleep.
这种典型的睡眠模式通常被称作“猫头鹰”型睡眠。
We
were
completely
in
the
dark
in/with
reference
to
his
future
plans.
关于他的未来计划我们全然不知。
名师点津:refer
to词义丰富,平时要注意辨识。
(1)refer
to常表示“查阅”或“参考”之意。如:
If
you
want
to
know
his
telephone
number,you
may
refer
to
the
telephone
directory.
如果你想知道他的电话号码,你可以查电话簿。
(2)refer
to也可表示“谈到”或“提到”之意。如:
Please
don’t
refer
to
his
past
again.
请别再提他的往事了。
The
old
soldier
referred
to
his
experiences
during
the
Long
March.
老战士谈到了他长征时的经历。
(3)refer
to还可表示“涉及”之意。如:
These
books
refer
to
Asian
problems.
这些书涉及亚洲问题。
(4)refer
to也常表示“指的是”之意。如:
When
I
said
some
people
were
stupid,
I
wasn’t
referring
to
you.
当我说有些人很愚蠢时,我并不是指你。
(5)refer
to...as...意为“把……称作……”。如:
He
is
referred
to
as
a
living
Lei
Feng.
他被称作是一个活雷锋。
【迁移应用】
指出句中refer
to的不同意义
(1)If
you
don’t
know
the
exact
meaning
of
the
word,you
may
refer
to
the
dictionary.　　　　?
(2)This
is
an
important
topic
referring
to
almost
everyone
at
present.　　　　?
(3)In
his
speech,he
referred
to
the
Bible
several
times.　　　　?
(4)The
readers
can
refer
to
the
book
for
detailed
information.　　　　?
(5)When
Americans
talk
about
the
“underclass”,they
are
referring
to
people
who
are
unemployed
or
have
low-paying
jobs.　　　　?
查阅
涉及
提到
查阅
指的是
6I
discovered
that
I
had
a
strong
will,and
more
discipline
than
I
had
expected.
我发现我有一个坚强的意志,而且比我预想的更自律。
(P44)
【词汇精讲】在本句中discipline用作名词,意为“自制力”,还可以意为“纪律;训练;学科”;还可以用作动词,意为“惩罚,处罚”,还可意为“训练”。
The
dog
was
disciplined
by
a
professional
trainer.
那条狗由一位专业训练师训练。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)要成为钢琴家需经过多年训练。
It
takes
years
of
　　　　　to
become
a
pianist.?
(2)他从来不用暴力惩罚学生。
He
never
　　　　　his
students
with
violence.?
discipline　
disciplined
7Talented
fashion
designer
Vera
Wang
has
built
a
global
fashion
empire,yet
life
wasn’t
always
so
straightforward.
才华横溢的时装设计师王薇薇已经建立了一个全球时尚帝国,但生活并不总是那么简单。(P44)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中fashion用作名词,意为“时尚”,还可以意为“风格;样子”。
She
was
the
queen
of
fashion
during
the
1960s.
她是20世纪60年代的时尚女王。
Research
shows
that
men
are
beginning
to
follow
fashion.
研究显示,男性开始追求时尚。
【词汇拓展1】
after
a
fashion　　　　勉强,不很好
come
into
fashion
流行,入时
in
fashion
流行的
after
the
fashion
of
sb
像……一样;模仿……
He
knows
English
after
a
fashion.
他多少懂一点英语。
However,
a
new
type
of
humour,
which
stems
largely
from
America,
has
recently
come
into
fashion.
然而,一种主要起源于美国的新式幽默,最近蔚然成风了。
Long
skirts
for
women
are
in
fashion
again.
女式长裙又开始流行了。
【迁移应用1】
完成句子
(1)我的母语是法语,所以我的日语说得不是很好。
My
native
language
is
French,so
I
speak
Japanese
　　　　　　　　　　.?
(2)那种样式的衣服什么时候开始流行的?
When
did
that
style
of
dress
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　??
(3)她模仿毕加索的绘画风格。
She
paints
　　　　　　　　　　　　Picasso.?
after
a
fashion
come
into
fashion
after
the
fashion
of
【词汇精讲2】在本句中designer用作名词,意为“设计师,设计者”。
She
was
dressed
by
a
leading
New
York
designer.
她穿着纽约杰出设计师设计的服装。
She
is
an
industrial
designer.
她是一名工业设计师。
【词汇拓展2】
design
vt.&
n.　　　　　设计;图案;构思;计划
design...for...
为……而设计……
be
designed
for/to
do
旨在;打算被用来做
by
design
=
on
purpose
故意地;蓄意地
This
range
of
clothing
is
specially
designed
for
shorter
women.
这种服装系列是专为身材较矮的女士设计的。
“Smart
home”
technology
is
designed
to
make
life
easier
for
people
by
letting
computers
control
many
things
inside
their
homes.
“智能家居”技术的目的是让电脑控制人们家中的许多东西,让人们的生活变得更轻松。
【迁移应用2】
单句语法填空
(1)They
asked
me
to
design
a
poster
　　　　　the
campaign.?
(2)The
programme
is
designed
　　　　　(help)
people
who
have
been
out
of
work
for
a
long
time.?
(3)She
arrived
just
as
we
were
leaving,but
I’m
not
sure
whether
this
was
by
accident
or
　　　　　design.?
(4)Looking
back,Diana,a
fashion
　　　　　(design),owes
her
achievements
to
the
goal
she
set,the
education
she
received
from
the
college,and
above
all,the
efforts
she
made.?
for　
to
help
by　
designer
8After
15
years
at
the
magazine,she
was
passed
over
for
promotion
to
editor-in-chief.
在杂志社工作了十五年后,她没有被提升为总编。(P44)
【词汇精讲】在本句中promotion用作名词,意为“提升,晋升”;还可以意为“促进;促销”。
There
are
good
chances
of
promotion
in
this
firm.
这家公司里晋升的好机会很多。
This
year’s
sales
promotion
hasn’t
been
very
successful.
今年的销售促销不是很成功。
【词汇拓展】
promote
vt.　　　　促进;提升;促销
promote
sb
(from...)
to...
把某人(从……)提升到……
promote
products
促销产品
promote
world
peace
促进世界和平
(2020江苏卷)Technological
innovations,combined
with
good
marketing,will
promote
the
sales
of
these
products.
技术创新,加上良好的市场营销,将促进这些产品的销售。
Sharing
bread
or
other
foods
is
a
common
human
tradition
that
can
promote
unity
and
trust.
共享面包或其他食物是常见的人类传统,能够促进团结和信任。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。
The
organisation
works
to
　　　　　friendship
between
nations.?
(2)作为奖励,我被提升为华盛顿特区的地区营业经理。
As
a
reward,I
　　　　　　　　　district
manager
of
Washington
D.C.?
(3)广告公司必须不断想出新的方法促销产品。
Advertising
companies
always
have
to
think
up
new
ways
to
　　　　　　　　　　.?
(4)我们将举办一个晚会来祝贺他的晋升。
We
will
throw
a
party
to
congratulate
him
on
his
　　　　　.?
promote　
was
promoted
to　
promote
products　
promotion
重点句式
1He
had
a
good
job
and
a
life
there,but
he
gave
it
all
up
to
return
to
home,driven
by
the
idea
that
he
needed
to
contribute
to
his
country.他在那里有一份好工作,过着舒适的生活,但他为了回家而放弃了一切,因为他认为自己需要为国家做出贡献。(P43)
【句式剖析】句中名词idea后that引导同位语从句。
With
all
the
international
effort
being
made,we
have
to
have
faith
that
there
will
be
solutions
in
time
to
stop
this
virus.
因为有国际社会的共同努力,我们必须相信我们迟早会有办法阻止这种病毒的。
【句式拓展】
“n.+that引导的同位语从句”中,that在从句中没有任何实际语义,仅作为从句引导词,在从句中不作任何成分。类似的名词还有:news、fact、promise、plan、theory、hope、truth、information、belief、conclusion、question、doubt、thought、message、suggestion、words(消息)、possibility等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。
提示:n.后也可以加that引导的定语从句,这时,that在从句中一般会充当从句的主语或者宾语。
试比较:
Have
you
heard
the
news
that
they
won
the
game?
(同位语从句)
Have
you
heard
the
news
that
surprised
all
her
friends?(定语从句)
【迁移应用】
用适当的关系词填空
(1)The
news
　　　　　you
told
me
yesterday
was
really
exciting.?
(2)The
idea
　　　　　you
can
do
this
work
well
without
thinking
is
quite
wrong.?
(3)The
fact
　　　　　he
had
not
said
anything
surprised
everybody.?
(4)The
fact
　　
　　　you
are
talking
about
is
important.?
that/which
that　
that　
that/which
2Rowling’s
first
novel
was
rejected
by
12
publishers
before
it
was
finally
published,yet
paradoxically,it
was
this
experience
that
helped
her
to
succeed...罗琳的第一部小说在最终出版前被十二家出版商拒绝,然而矛盾的是,正是这段经历帮助她获得了成功……(P44)
【句式剖析】这是一个并列复合句,由yet连接两个并列分句;第一个分句中,before引导一个时间状语从句;第二个分句中it
was...that...是一个强调句。
It
was
a
hot
summer
day
that
found
me
running
down
the
street
with
a
dollar
in
my
sweaty
hand.
那是一个炎热的夏季的一天,我正沿着街道奔跑,汗津津的手里还攥着一美元。
【句式拓展】
(1)强调句型的基本句式是:
It
is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的余下部分。它可以对句中除谓语动词以外的成分加以强调。如:
It
was
an
old
beggar
that
Mary
met
in
the
street
yesterday.
昨天玛丽在街上遇见的是个老乞丐。(强调宾语)
It
was
between
1989
and
1999
that
great
changes
took
place
in
our
hometown.
我们家乡的巨大变化发生在1989年到1999年年间。(强调时间状语)
It
was
to
a
nearby
hospital
that
Ann’s
husband
rushed
her
last
night.
昨晚安的丈夫立即送她去的是一家附近的医院。(强调地点状语)
(2)强调句型中,被强调部分常常带有名词性从句、定语从句等。如:
It
was
for
the
reason
that
his
mother
had
fallen
ill
that
he
would
not
accept
our
invitation.
他妈妈病了,是因为这个原因他不愿接受我们的邀请。(reason后跟同位语从句)
It
was
in
the
shop
that
opened
last
month
that
I
bought
this
computer.
我是在上个月开张的那家商店买的这电脑。(shop后跟定语从句)
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)Many
people
hope
to
possess
great
wealth,but
as
a
matter
of
fact,it
is
health
　　　　　really
counts.?
(2)It
was
not
until
he
came
back
from
Africa
that
year
　　　　　he
met
the
girl
he
would
like
to
marry.?
(3)—I’ve
read
another
book
this
week.
—Well,maybe
　　　　　is
not
how
much
you
read
but
what
you
read
that
counts.?
that　
that　
it
随堂练习
Ⅰ.概要写作
根据P40课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
As
one
of
China’s
best-known
athletes,contributions
of
Lang
Ping
in
China’s
volleyball
history
are
absolute
and
irreplaceable.(要点1)
The
name
“Iron
Hammer”
resulted
from
her
powerful
playing
style
and
earned
her
great
achievements
as
a
player.(要点2)In
1995,she
returned
from
abroad
to
become
the
coach
of
the
women’s
national
team
and
led
the
team
from
victory
to
victory.(要点3)Lang
Ping’s
devotion
to
her
career
and
influence
on
the
sport
of
volleyball
are
loved
by
us.(要点4)
Ⅱ.课文语篇填空
Huang
Danian,　
　renowned
Chinese
geophysicist,is
a
keen
and
able
student
　
　
studying
in
the
UK
in
1993.As
one
of
the
world’s
leading
　
　
(expert)
in
deep
earth
exploration
technology,he
　
　
(return)
to
home
to
contribute
to
his
country
after
living
and
working
in
the
UK
for
15
years.He
tried
his
best
to
make
great
contributions
　　
his
country,sometimes
　
(use)
his
own
money.He
helped
China’s
lunar
probe
Yutu
　　
(land)on
the
moon
in
2013
and
launch
the
spacecrafts
Shenzhou-11
and
Tiangong-2
in
2016.However,he
was
　
　dedicated
to
his
work
to
notice
his
health.In
November
2016,he
　
　
(diagnose)
with
cancer.
the　
before　
experts　
returned　
to
using　
land　
too　
was
diagnosed
Even
in
hospital,he
paid
full
attention
to
his
work
and
the
youth.He
died
in
January
2017,　
　(age)
just
58.His
life
was
short
but
burned
bright.?
aged
本课结束