(共23张PPT)
UNIT
3
单元重点回顾
英
语
2021
主题语境
人与自然 环境保护
重点词汇
1.destroy
vt.破坏;毁掉
destroy
sb毁掉某人(的一生)
be
destroyed
by
fire被大火烧毁
destruction
n.破坏,毁坏
destroyer
n.破坏者;起破坏作用的东西
2.threat
n.威胁;(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
a
threat
sb/sth对某人/某物构成威胁?
threaten
v.威胁
threaten
sb
(with
sth)
(用某物)威胁某人
threaten
to
do
sth恐吓要做某事
threatened
adj.受到威胁的
to
3.switch
vi.&
vt.转换,改变
swith
接通,打开?
switch
=turn
off把……关掉,关上
switch
over
(to
sth)
转换频道;转变?
switch
(from
sth)
to...从……转变到……
switch
roles转换角色
switch
A
with
B把A与B交换
4.play
an
important
role/part
in...在……中起重要作用/担任重要角色
play
the
role
of
sb=play/act
the
part
of
sb
(在剧中)扮演……角色
play
the
leading
role起带头/主要作用
my
part至于我,对我来说?
on
one’s
part由某人做出;就某人而言
take
part
in参加……,参与……活动
on
off
for
5.illegally
adv.非法地,违法地
illegal
adj.违法的,非法的
legal
adj.法律许可的,合法的
legally
adv.法律上,合法地
6.hunt
vi.&
vt.猎取,猎杀
hunt
追猎(某动物);追逐(某物)?
hunt
寻找某人/某物
hunt
up
(在报纸上、书上等)找到(资料等)?
after
for
7.urgent
adj.紧急的,急迫的
urge
vt.催促;极力主张 n.强烈的欲望、冲动,迫切的要求
urge
sb
to
do
sth/urge
sb
into
doing
sth
催促/敦促某人做某事
urge
that/It
is
urged
that...坚决主张……(用虚拟语气)
have/feel
an
urge
to
do
sth渴望做某事;有做某事的冲动/欲望
satisfy
an
urge满足欲望
urgency
n.紧急;急事;催促
urgently
adv.紧急地,急迫地
8.wipe
彻底毁灭
wipe...with...用……擦……?
wipe
sth
away/off/up擦掉/擦净某物
wipe
sth
off/from...把某物从……处擦掉(消除掉)
wipe
sth
from/off
one’s
mind/memory有意忘记某事物
9.varied
adj.各种各样的,形形色色的
variety
n.多种样式;不同种类;多变性
a
variety
of
styles各种风格
variety
in
one’s
lifestyle生活方式的多样化
variety
show综艺节目
vary
vi.&
vt.变化,改变
various
adj.各种各样的;多方面的(=a
variety
of)
out
10.decrease
v./n.减少;减少的量
decrease
in在……减少
decrease
+数字 下降到……?
decrease
+分数、百分数或其他表示数量的词 下降了……?
11.blame
v.责怪,指责
be
to
blame
(for
sth)应该为(某事)负责任,应该(为某事)受责备
blame
sth
on
sb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某事
blame
sb
for
(doing)
sth因(做)某事而责备某人
blame
n.过失;责备
put/lay/place
the
blame
(for
sth)
on
sb把某事归咎于某人
to
by
12.die
消失;绝迹,灭绝
die
away
(声音、风、光等)逐渐消失?
die
off
(一群生物)相继死去
die
down
(慢慢地)熄灭;平息下来
13.affect
v.感染;打动
be
affected
by被……所打动/影响
be
affected
with患上……疾病
effect
n.效果;作用;影响
have
an
effect
on/upon...对……有影响/效果
cause
and
effect因果
effect事实上
come
into
effect开始生效,开始实施?
put/bring...into
effect实施……;使生效
be
of
no
effect无效,没有作用,不中用
out
in
14.be
risk处境危险,受到威胁
risk
vt.冒……的危险 n.冒险;危险的人或物?
risk
one’s
life冒着生命危险
risk
doing
sth冒险做某事
reduce/increase
the
risk
of降低/增加……的危险
at
the
risk
of
doing
sth冒着做某事的危险
run/take
the
risk
of
doing
sth冒着做某事的危险
risky
adj.危险的;大胆的;冒险的
at
15.set
out开始做某事,着手进行
set
out
(to
do
sth)=set
about
(doing
sth)开始(去做某事)
set
把……存储起来;留出;把……撇开
set
down制定;把……写下来,让……下车?
set
off启程,出发;引爆;激起
set
up搭起;竖起;建立;成立;使
(某人)充满活力
16.consumer
n.消费者
consume
vt.消耗,消费;大吃,大喝
consume
resources/time/stores消耗资源/时间/存物
consume
one’s
fortune消耗财产
consumption
n.消费,消耗量
aside
17.wrap
v.包,裹
wrap
around/round用……包裹,裹身
wrap
in把……包在……里;遮蔽;使陷于
be
wrapped
up
in
sb/sth注意力完全集中于某人/物
wrap
sth
up完成,结束
18.aware
adj.意识到的,明白的
be
(well)
aware
of
(很)清楚,意识到
make
sb
aware
of使某人知道
be/become
aware
of意识到/开始意识到
be/become
aware
that意识到/开始意识到
as
far
as
sb
be
aware据某人所知
awareness
n.意识,认识
a
lack
of
awareness缺乏认识
develop
an
awareness
of逐渐懂得/意识到……
unaware
adj.不知道的,没察觉到的
19.anxious
adj.焦虑的,不安的
be
anxious
for/about为……担心/忧虑
be
anxious
sth渴望某事(物)
be
anxious
to
do
sth渴望做某事?
be
anxious
for
sb
to
do
sth渴望某人做某事
be
anxious
that
sb
(should)
do
sth渴望某人做某事
anxiety
n.焦虑,烦恼,忧虑
anxiously
adv.忧虑地,不安地
20.annoyed
adj.烦恼的,生气的
be
annoyed
with
sb生某人的气
be
annoyed
at/about
sth因为某事生气
annoying
adj.恼人的;讨厌的(多修饰物)
for
21.stressed
焦虑的
stress
n.压力 v.强调;重读?
under
stress在压力下
lay/place/put
stress
on/upon...对……施压(产生压力)
stress
the
importance
of...强调……的重要性
stressful
adj.压力重的(修饰物)
22.relate
v.相联系,有关联
be
related
...与……有关联?
relate
A
to
B把A和B联系起来
relate
to
sb/sth与某人/物有关;能理解并同情某人/某物
relative
adj.相比较而言的;相关联的 n.亲属,亲戚
relatively
adv.相对地,相当地
relationship
n.关系
relation
n.关系;亲属
in
relation
to就……而论;和……联系起来看
out
to
23.suit
v.适合
suit
sth
to
sb/sth
使某事适合于某人/物
suitable
adj.合适的,适当的
be
suitable
for...适合……
be
suitable
to
do
sth
适合做某事
suited
adj.合适的;般配的
be
suited
to...适合于……
24.involve
v.使忙于;牵涉;使卷入;使陷入
involve
sb/sth
in使某人/物参与、陷入或牵扯到
involve
与(某人)有密切关系
involvement
n.卷入;牵连;参与?
with
25.opponent
n.反对者;对手,敌手
oppose
vt.反对;反抗;阻挠
oppose
doing
sth反对做某事
opposed
adj.反对的;对立的;相反的
be
opposed
(doing)
sth反对(做)某事
opposite
adj.相反的;对面的?
26.cruel
adj.残忍的
be
cruel
to对……残酷/残忍
It
is
cruel
of
sb
to
do
sth某人做某事太残忍
cruelty
n.残酷;虐待;残酷的行为
27.claim
v.声称;断言;主张
make
a
claim
for索款
claim
to
do
sth声称要做某事
claim
to
have
done
sth声称做了某事
claim
that...声称……
claim
sth
back要回某物;索回
to
28.sum
v.概括,总结
sum
概括,总结?
a
sum
of一笔
29.memorial
n.纪念馆;纪念碑
as
a
memorial
作为纪念
a
memorial
to
为……设的纪念碑
memory
n.记忆
in
memory
以纪念……
memorize
vt.记住,背熟?
30.carve
v.雕,刻
carve
sth
from/out
of用……雕刻……
carve
sth
将……雕刻成……
carve
sth
out用辛勤的劳动创造出……?
up
of
into
31.scenic
adj.景色优美的
scene
n.现场;景色
the
scene在现场;当场;在台上
behind
the
scenes在幕后;暗中?
appear/come
on
the
scene出场;登场
on
重点句型
1.They
found
that
human
activity
is
causing
species
to
die
out
1,000
times
than
normal.他们发现,人类活动导致物种灭绝的速度是正常情况下的1000倍。(P53)?
2.
forests,we
would
have
no
air
to
breathe,and
without
clean
water
we
would
be
unable
to
survive.没有森林,我们将没有空气呼吸,没有干净的水,我们将无法生存。(P53)?
3.In
the
20
years,
number
of
cars
on
the
roads
has
gone
up
by
25%.在过去的20年里,道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。(P58)?
faster
Without
last
the
4. ,I’m
addicted
to
my
car.坦白地说,我非常喜欢我的车。(P59)?
5. the
shops
around
the
corner?街角的商店怎么样?(P59)?
6.Up
to
2019,there
are
55
world
heritage
sites
in
China,
has
the
same
number
of
sites
Italy.截至2019年,中国共有55处世界遗产,数量与意大利相当。(P65)?
To
be
frank
What
about
which
as
7.The
building
people
visit
most
is
the
Temple
of
Confucius.人们参观最多的建筑是孔庙。(P65)?
8.At
the
ball,Mathilde
is
the
most
elegant
and
graceful
woman
there,
and
.在舞会上,玛蒂尔德是最漂亮、最优雅的女人,她面带微笑,十分开心。(P72)?
that
smiling
happy
重点语法
限制性和非限制性定语从句
This
is
the
house
that
we
bought
last
month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
The
house,which
we
bought
last
month,is
very
nice.
这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。
Charles
Smith,who
was
my
former
teacher,retired
last
year.
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
He
seems
not
to
have
grasped
what
I
meant,which
greatly
upsets
me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
本课结束(共75张PPT)
UNIT
3
Section
B LESSON
2
&
LESSON
3
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.packet
n. ?
2.packaging
n.
?
3.coconut
n.
?
4.shell
n.
?
5.transportation
n.
?
6.innovative
adj.
?
7.refillable
adj.
?
小包,小盒
包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料
椰子
壳;贝壳
交通运输系统,运输方式
新颖的,创新的,革新的
可再填充的
8.bin
n.
?
9.carton
n.
?
10.cutlery
n.
?
11.chopsticks
n.
?
12.council
n.
?
13.jam
n.
?
14.roadworks
n.
?
15.gas
n.
?
16.cancer
n.
?
垃圾箱
硬纸盒;塑料盒
餐具
筷子
委员会;理事会
拥挤,堵塞;果酱
道路施工
气,气体
癌症
17. n.消费者?
18.
adj.浪费的;挥霍的?
19.
vt.包,裹?
20.
n.灰尘,尘土?
21.
vi.&
vt.吞下,咽下?
22.
adj.现实的,实际的?
23.
adj.意识到的,明白的?
24.
n.收集;收藏品;专辑?
25.
adj.可再使用的,可重复使用的?
consumer
wasteful
wrap
dirt
swallow
realistic
aware
collection
reusable
26.
adj.焦虑的,不安的?
27.
n.破坏,毁坏?
28.
adj.卡住的,无法移动的?
29.
adj.烦恼的,生气的?
30.
n.愤怒;怒气?
31.
n.十年,十年期?
32.
vi.相联系,有关联?
33.
adj.定期的,有规律的?
34.
vt.适合;n.套装?
anxious
destruction
stuck
annoyed
anger
decade
relate
regular
suit
重点短语
1. 开始做某事,着手进行?
2.
?
焦虑的
3.
?
与……有关联
4.traffic
jam
?
set
out
stressed
out
be
related
to
交通堵塞
重点句式
1.In
the
last
20
years,the
number
of
cars
on
the
roads
has
gone
up
by
25%.
2.To
be
frank,I’m
addicted
to
my
car.
3.What
about
the
shops
around
the
corner?
重点语法
Collocation“搭配语”
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P58-59
Part
1文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.People
always
get
stuck
in
traffic
jams
every
day.
2.Twenty
years
ago,there
were
32
million
cars
on
the
roads
in
Britain.
3.2,500
people
die
every
year
in
vehicle
accidents
in
the
world
on
average.
4.Air
pollution
and
some
types
of
cancer
are
related
to
traffic
pollution.
答案1~4
TFFT
B.阅读P59
Part
2文章,选出最佳选项。
1.Why
does
the
writer
mention
the
excuses
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.To
show
us
that
cars
are
bad
for
us.
B.To
find
the
cause
of
being
late.
C.To
give
a
reason
for
using
cars.
D.To
complain
about
the
traffic
jams.
答案
C
2.What’s
the
advantage
of
taking
public
transport?
A.Saving
your
time.
B.Helping
you
live
longer.
C.Keeping
you
fit.
D.Relaxing
yourself.
3.What
does
the
writer
advise
us
to
do?
A.Use
our
head.
B.Buy
public
transport.
C.Drive
our
car
alone.
D.Avoid
long
journeys.
答案
D
答案
D
4.What
can
we
infer
about
the
writer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.He
can’t
go
without
cars.
B.He
has
a
beautiful
daughter.
C.He
gives
his
son
a
busy
schedule.
D.He
will
take
action
immediately.
答案
A
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1In
the
week
when
the
government
sets
out
its
new
environmental
programme,Kevin
McCabe
and
Alicia
Stewart
consider
the
problem
of
food
packaging
waste.在政府开始其新环保计划的这一周,凯文·麦凯布和艾丽西亚·斯图尔特讨论了食品包装浪费的问题。
(P109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中set
out意为“开始做某事,着手进行”。set
out还可以意为“规划;展现;摆放,布置;阐述,说明;出发;开始;打算”。
She
set
out
the
reasons
for
her
resignation
in
a
long
letter.
她在一封长信里阐明了辞职原因。
She
set
out
the
pieces
on
the
chessboard.
她把国际象棋的棋子摆在棋盘上了。
They
set
out
on
the
last
stage
of
their
journey.
他们开始了旅行的最后一程。
【词汇拓展】
set
out
(to
do
sth)
=
set
about
(doing
sth)
开始(去做某事)
set
aside
把……存储起来;留出;把……撇开
set
down
制定;把……写下来;让……下车
set
off
启程,出发;引爆;激起
set
up
搭起;竖起;建立;成立;使(某人)充满活力
(2020全国卷Ⅲ)The
next
morning
he
hired
a
boat
and
set
out
to
find
the
well-known
painter.
第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找那位著名的画家。
I
set
up
email
addresses
for
my
mum
and
dad
so
that
I
could
email
them
regularly.
我为爸妈创立了邮箱地址,以便经常给他们发邮件。
【迁移应用】
用set短语的适当形式填空
(1)After
the
earthquake,the
people
rebuilding
their
homes.?
(2)Some
doctors
advise
a
certain
hour
each
day
for
exercise.?
(3)He
has
achieved
what
he
to
do
three
years
ago.?
(4)It
takes
a
bit
of
time
to
a
new
system,but
it’s
well
worth
the
effort.?
set
about
setting
aside
set
out
set
up
2Supermarkets
want
to
make
sure
that
coconuts
reach
the
consumer
in
the
best
condition.
超市想要确保消费者买到的椰子是最好的。
(P109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中consumer用作名词,意为“消费者”。
We
need
more
feedback
from
the
consumers
in
order
to
improve
our
goods.
我们需要从消费者那里多得到些反馈信息以提高产品质量。
The
price
increases
were
passed
on
by
the
firm
to
the
consumers.
那个公司把上涨的费用转嫁到了消费者身上。
【词汇拓展】
consume
vt. 消耗,消费;大吃,大喝
consume
resources/time/stores
消耗资源/时间/存物
consume
one’s
fortune
消耗财产
consumption
n.
消费;消耗量
Why
do
Americans
struggle
with
watching
their
weight,while
the
French,who
consume
rich
food,continue
to
stay
thin?
为什么美国人很关注他们的体重但是仍然很胖,而法国人吃着油腻的食物,但仍然很瘦?
Gas
and
oil
consumption
always
increases
in
cold
weather.
燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我们选择绿色食物,因而吃的肉更少了。
We
,choosing
green
food.?
(2)这辆汽车很费燃料。
The
car
.?
(3)每年美国人都消耗掉很大比例的世界能源。
Each
year
Americans
the
world’s
energy.?
(4)他不得不少吃肉。
He
has
to
cut
down
on
of
meat.?
consume
less
meat
consumes
a
lot
of
fuel
consume
a
high
percentage
of
the
consumption
3I
mean,why
wrap
a
coconut
in
plastic?我是说,为什么要用塑料包装椰子呢?(P109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中wrap
用作动词,意为“包,裹”,还可以意为“覆盖;隐藏”;用作名词意为“围巾;披肩;包装材料”。
I
wrapped
the
carpet
around
the
sick
man’s
legs
to
keep
him
warm.
我用毯子把病人的腿包了起来,让他暖和一点儿。
Over
her
shoulders
was
thrown
a
much-mended
wrap.
她的肩上搭着一件补了多次的围巾。
【词汇拓展】
wrap
around/round 用……包裹,裹身
wrap
in
把……包在……里;遮蔽;使陷于
be
wrapped
up
in
sb/sth
注意力完全集中于某人/物
wrap
sth
up
完成,结束
You’d
better
wrap
a
clean
cloth
around
your
arm
till
the
wound
closes.
你最好用干净的布把胳膊上的伤口裹严,直到伤口愈合。
He
was
wrapped
in
his
thought.
他陷入了沉思。
We’re
hoping
to
wrap
up
the
negotiations
this
week.
我们希望本周结束谈判。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)你可以把裙子围在腰间。
You
can
wrap
the
skirt
your
waist.?
(2)汤姆把书包在报纸里。
Tom
wrapped
a
book
a
newspaper.?
(3)他们把全部精力都用在工作上了。
They’re
completely
wrapped
in
their
work.?
around/round
in
up
4Two
friends,Lisa
and
Amy
are
discussing
how
to
become
more
environmentally
aware.
两个朋友,丽萨和艾米在讨论如何变得更有环保意识。(P110)
【词汇精讲】在本句中aware
用作形容词,意为“意识到的,明白的”,它还可以意为“知道的;察觉到的”。
In
many
cases,his
questions
made
his
students
aware
of
their
own
errors.
在很多情况下,他的问题让他的学生们意识到了自己的错误。
【词汇拓展】
be
(well)
aware
of (很)清楚,意识到
make
sb
aware
of
使某人知道
be/become
aware
of
意识到/开始意识到
be/become
aware
that
意识到/开始意识到
as
far
as
sb
be
aware
据某人所知
awareness
n. 意识,认识
a
lack
of
awareness
缺乏认识
develop
an
awareness
of
逐渐懂得/意识到……
unaware
adj.
不知道的,没察觉到的
(1)aware后接从句时of
要省略。
(2)aware一般用作表语或补语,不作定语。
(3)常用actually、perfectly、well、quite等副词修饰aware,意为“非常清楚,完全知道”,但不用very修饰。
Earth
Day,marked
on
22
April,is
an
annual
event
aiming
to
raise
public
awareness
of
environmental
protection.
4月22日的“地球日”是一个旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我们必须意识到,被拆除的历史建筑的数量已经达到了一个令人吃惊的数字。
The
number
of
historic
buildings
which
have
been
pulled
down
has
reached
a
surprising
figure
that
we
must
.?
(2)作为社会的一员,我意识到负责任是创建一个更好的社会所需要的。
As
a
member
of
the
society,I being
responsible
is
what
it
takes
to
make
a
better
society.?
be
aware
of
am
aware
that
(3)这次旅行让她体会到了大自然的美好。
The
travel the
beauty
of
nature.?
made
her
aware
of
5I
just
get
anxious
when
I
think
of
the
impact
we
have
on
the
environment.
一想到我们对环境造成的影响,我就会感到焦虑。(P110)
【词汇精讲】
在本句中anxious为形容词,意为“焦虑的,不安的”。
There
were
many
people
waiting
at
the
bus
stop,and
some
of
them
looked
very
anxious
and
disappointed.
有许多人在公共汽车站等待,他们中有些人看上去非常焦虑和失望。
【词汇拓展】
be
anxious
for/about 为……担心/忧虑
be
anxious
for
sth
渴望某事(物)
be
anxious
to
do
sth
渴望做某事
be
anxious
for
sb
to
do
sth
渴望某人做某事
be
anxious
that
sb
(should)
do
sth
渴望某人做某事
anxiety
n.
焦虑,烦恼,忧虑
anxiously
adv.
忧虑地,不安地
They
are
anxious
to
develop
friendly
relations
with
their
neighbouring
countries.
他们急于同邻国发展友好关系。
A
major
source
of
teen
stress
is
school
exams,and
test
anxiety
is
not
uncommon.
青少年压力的主要来源是学校考试,而考试焦虑也很常见。
I’m
anxious
for
my
mother.
我担心我母亲。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)不要为他们的安全担心,他们已不再是小孩子了。
Don’t
their
safety.They
are
no
longer
children.?
(2)我们迫切想知道考试结果。
We
were
the
results
of
the
exam.?
be
anxious
about
anxious
to
know
用anxious的适当形式填空
(3)My
grew
with
the
job
interview
drawing
nearer
and
nearer.?
(4)People
were
waiting
for
the
government’s
final
decision.?
(5)Why
are
you
so
,Mike?You
have
got
well
prepared
and
will
surely
pass
the
driving
test.?
anxiety
anxiously
anxious
6to
feel
annoyed
感到生气(P58)
【词汇精讲】annoyed用作形容词,意为“烦恼的,生气的”。其动词形式为annoy,意为“使烦恼;使生气”。
People
were
always
doing
things
that
annoyed
her,and
nothing
was
ever
good
enough.
人们总是做一些让她烦心的事情,而且从没有任何事情是足够好的。
You
will
get
annoyed
in
a
theatre
when
a
person
sits
too
close
to
you.
在电影院里,如果有人坐得离你太近,你会感到烦恼。
【词汇拓展】
be
annoyed
with
sb 生某人的气
be
annoyed
at/about
sth
因为某事生气
annoying
adj.
恼人的;讨厌的(多修饰物)
His
mother
was
annoyed
with
him
for
being
so
rude
to
their
neighbours.
他的母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
(2020全国卷Ⅱ)Who
hasn’t
received
an
email
so
annoying
that
it
ruined
an
entire
day?
谁没有收到过毁掉一整天的烦人的电子邮件呢?
【迁移应用】
用annoy的适当形式填空
(1)It
really
me
when
you
don’t
listen
to
what
I
am
saying.?
(2)He
was
to
learn
that
the
train
would
be
delayed.?
(3)I
wish
those
boys
wouldn’t
carry
on
like
that—it’s
very
.?
annoys
annoyed
annoying
7How
often
do
we
arrive
at
work
or
school,stressed
out,tired
and
angry?
我们多久会带着压力、疲惫和愤怒去上班或上学?(P58)
【词汇精讲】在本句中stressed
out意为“焦虑的”,还可以意为“心力交瘁的(修饰人)”。
Those
who
are
stressed
out
are
often
nervous,angry
or
ill.
凡是压力过大的人经常会紧张、生气或生病。
【词汇拓展】
stress
n. 压力
v.
强调;重读
under
stress
在压力下
lay/place/put
stress
on/upon...
对……施压(产生压力)
stress
the
importance
of...
强调……的重要性
stressful
adj.
压力重的(修饰物)
One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
reduce
stress
is
to
talk
about
your
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.
缓解压力的最有效的方法之一是找一个你信任的人去倾诉你的感受。
She
stressed
the
importance
of
good
teamwork
at
the
meeting.
在会议上她强调了好的团队合作的重要性。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我意识到他一直在做音乐老师们总是强调的事:把注意力集中在音乐上,假装别人都不在那里。
And
I
realised
he
had
been
doing :
concentrate
on
the
music
and
pretend
the
others
aren’t
there.?
(2)我们遭受着现代生活压力的折磨。
We
suffer
from
.?
what
music
teachers
always
stressed
the
stress
of
modern
life
(3)篮球比赛中团队协作的重要性再怎么强调也不为过。
The
importance
of
cooperation
or
teamwork
during
the
basketball
game
.?
(4)人们在巨大压力下可能头疼、失眠。那就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。
People may
experience
headaches
and
sleeping
difficulties.That’s
why
we
need
to
relax
ourselves
at
times.?
cannot
be
stressed
enough
under
a
lot
of
stress
8Some
types
of
cancer
are
related
to
traffic
pollution.有些癌症与交通污染有关。(P59)
【词汇精讲】在本句中relate用作动词,意为“相联系,有关联”。be
related
to...在本句中意为“与……有关联”。
In
fact,traffic
rules
are
part
of
the
rules
and
regulations
closely
related
to
public
order.
事实上,交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。
Happiness
is
seldom
related
to
one’s
wealth.
幸福与一个人的财富关系不大。
【词汇拓展】
relate
A
to
B 把A和B联系起来
relate
to
sb/sth
与某人/物有关;能理解并同情某人/某物
relative
adj.
相比较而言的;相关联的
n.
亲属,亲戚
relatively
adv.
相对地,相当地
relationship
n.
关系
relation
n.
关系;亲属
in
relation
to
就……而论;和……联系起来看
Researchers
are
trying
to
relate
exam
results
to
large-sized
classes.
研究人员正试图找出考试成绩与大型班级之间的关系。
Students
find
it
difficult
to
relate
to
the
life
of
a
scientist.
学生们发现理解科学家的生活很困难。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他对人的恐惧和他的苦难童年有着密切的关系。
His
fear
of
people
his
unhappy
childhood.?
(2)我认为老师和家长应该学会理解我们年轻人。
I
think
our
teachers
and
parents
should
learn
to
us
young
people.?
(3)实际上我们可以把所有这些交通事故和粗心驾驶联系起来。
In
fact
we
can
all
these
traffic
accidents
careless
driving.?
is
closely
related
to
relate
to
relate
to
9Do
whichever
of
these
things
that
suit
you.做这些适合你的事情中的任何一件。(P59)
【词汇精讲】在本句中suit用作动词,意为“适合”,还可以意为“相称”;用作名词时意为“套装;一套衣服”。
I
don’t
know
what
profession
would
suit
me.
我不知道什么职业会适合我。
It
is
the
convention
for
men
to
wear
suits
on
formal
occasions.
男子在正式场合穿套装是一种社会习俗。
【词汇拓展】
suit
sth
to
sb/sth 使某事适合于某人/物
suitable
adj.
合适的,适当的
be
suitable
for...
适合……
be
suitable
to
do
sth
适合做某事
suited
adj.
合适的;般配的
be
suited
to...
适合于……
It
is
suitable
to
carry
some
fruit
when
you
go
to
your
Chinese
friend’s
home
for
dinner.
当你去中国朋友家吃饭时,带些水果是合适的。
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)Mr
Smith
decided
that
he
was
not
(suit)
to
the
life
in
a
small
town,so
he
returned
to
the
city.?
(2)A
good
teacher
suits
his
lessons
the
age
of
his
pupils.?
(3)The
simplicity
of
the
book
makes
it
suitable
children.?
suited
to
for
重点句式
1In
the
last
20
years,the
number
of
cars
on
the
roads
has
gone
up
by
25%.
在过去的20年里,道路上汽车的数量增加了25%。(P58)
【句式剖析】in
the
last...表示“从过去开始起到现在的一段时间”,常用于现在完成时。能这样使用的还有for/over/during
the
last/past+时间段。the
number
of表示“……的数量”,常见用法为“the
number
of+复数名词+单数谓语动词”。
Over
the
last
decade,an
average
of
2,500
people
have
died
every
year
in
vehicle
accidents.
在过去的10年里,平均每年有2
500人死于交通事故。
The
price
of
houses
has
doubled
over
the
past
few
years.
房价在过去的几年里涨了一倍。
The
number
of
students
in
our
class
is
more
than
50.
我们班的学生人数超过50。
【句式拓展】
a
number
of表示“许多,大量”,常见用法为“a
number
of+复数名词+复数谓语动词”。
A
number
of
people
would
not
support
this
type
of
scientific
research.
许多人不会支持这种类型的科学研究。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这几个星期我很少见到她。
I her
in
the
past
few
weeks.?
(2)酒后驾车造成的交通事故占总数的20%。
traffic
accidents
arising
from
drunk
driving
makes
up
20
percent
of
the
total.?
(3)因为这个行业的规模,就业机会有很多。
Because
of
the
size
of
the
industry,
career
opportunities
are
available.?
have
seldom
seen
The
number
of
a
number
of
2To
be
frank,I’m
addicted
to
my
car.坦白地说,我非常喜欢我的车。(P59)
【句式剖析】句中to
be
frank意为“坦白地说,坦率地说”,是非谓语动词的独立结构作状语。
To
be
frank,many
mistakes
we
made
could
have
been
avoided
if
we
had
been
more
careful.
坦率地说,如果我们更细心一些,我们所犯的许多错误原本是可以避免的。
【句式拓展】非谓语动词的独立结构
(1)动词-ing形式:honestly/personally/generally/strictly/frankly
speaking,judging
from/by,taking
everything
into
account,considering
that,seeing
that,assuming
that,supposing,talking
of,including等。
Judging
from
his
past
performances,he
is
not
likely
to
do
very
well
in
this
exam.
从他过去的表现来判断,他在这次考试中不可能表现得太好。
Seeing
that
nobody
was
very
enthusiastic
about
it,they
decided
to
cancel
the
trip.
鉴于没人对这次旅行感兴趣,他们决定取消它。
(2)过去分词形式:given,provided
(=providing),compared
to/with等。
Given
another
chance,
he
will
surely
succeed.
如果再有一次机会的话,他肯定会成功的。
You
may
keep
the
book
for
a
further
week
provided
(that)
no
one
else
requires
it.
倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话,你可以再续借一个星期。
(3)不定式形式:
to
tell
(you)
the
truth,to
be
honest/frank/exact...,to
sum
up,to
make
the
story
short,to
make
things
worse,to
begin/start
with等。
To
be
honest,I
don’t
think
we
have
a
chance
of
winning.
说实话,我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
To
sum
up,
we
should
focus
on
staff
training.
总之,我们应该重视员工培训。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)考虑到它是手工制品,价格还算合理。
,the
price
seems
reasonable.?
(2)谈到旅行,你去过纽约吗?
,have
you
ever
been
to
New
York??
(3)坦白地说,我宁愿你暂时对此事什么也不要做。
,I’d
rather
you
didn’t
do
anything
about
it
for
the
time
being.?
Considering
that
it
is
handmade
Talking
of
travel
Frankly
speaking
(4)毕竟,同她的成就相比,她的缺点是次要的。
,her
shortcomings
are,
after
all,
only
secondary.?
(5)更糟糕的是,夜幕降临时,天开始下雪了。
,it
started
to
snow
when
evening
came.?
Compared
with
her
achievements
To
make
matters/things
worse
3What
about
the
shops
around
the
corner?街角的商店怎么样?(P59)
【句式剖析】
What/How
about...?“……怎么样?”表示建议或征求对方意见。
“What
about
you?”
he
asked.“Don’t
you
get
your
creative
thoughts
from
the
same
place?”
“你呢?”他问。“你的创意不是来自同一个地方吗?”
【句式拓展】
(1)What
if...?通常用来征询意见或用于提出建议,其中if从句用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)What
for?为什么?有何用?
(3)Why
don’t
we...?我们为什么不……呢?(建议)
(4)Why
not...?为什么不……呢?(建议)
(5)Shall
we...?
咱们……好吗?(建议)
(6)So
what?(表示不感兴趣或认为不重要)那又怎么样?(口语)
What
if
he
doesn’t
come?=What
should
we
do
if
he
doesn’t
come?
如果他不来我们怎么办呢?
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我到美国的时候要是听不懂当地人的话怎么办呢?
I
can’t
understand
the
local
people
when
I
get
to
America??
(2)去看电影怎么样?
going
to
the
movies??
(3)要是他对朋友和家人不忠怎么办?
he
was
faithless
to
his
friends
and
his
family
members??
What
if
What/How
about
What
if
(4)——你的房间看起来真是一团糟,汤姆。
——那又怎么样?
—Your
room
looks
a
real
mess,Tom.
— ??
So
what
重点语法
Collocations“搭配语”
Collocations“搭配语”指的是一种语言中,母语人士惯用的字和字的组合,听起来自然地道,也能快速、精确地传达意思。
1.Daily
Life
动词+名词
heat
the
soup把汤加热
do
the
laundry洗衣服
stain
my
shirt弄脏我的衬衫
water
the
flowers浇花
put
on/apply
lipstick擦口红(的动作)
2.Feeling
Sick
形容词+名词
就医时描述症状的用语通常都有固定搭配:
a
runny
nose流鼻涕
a
phlegmy
cough带痰的咳嗽
a
scratchy
throat喉咙痒
a
mild
fever轻微发烧
3.『一群』的英文不只是“a
group
of...”
a
flock
of
birds/geese/sheep一群鸟/鹅/羊
a
herd
of
elephants一群象
a
swarm
of
bugs/insects一群昆虫
a
grain
of
rice/salt一粒米/一粒盐
a
cube
of
sugar一颗方糖
a
bar
of
candy一块糖果
a
head
of
cattle一头牛
注意:
(1)把搭配语看作单一的字块,而不是两三个单字;
例如,直接想“scratchy
throat”,而不分开记“scratchy痒”和“throat喉咙”。
(2)比起分开记两个字,一次记住搭配语,学得更快。
例如,一次学会“behave
properly”(表现得体),就学会了动词“behave”和副词“properly”。
随堂练习
Ⅰ.选择方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
bin,realistic,compare
to,packet,chopsticks,go
up,be
bad
for,
keep
fit,
reusable,
arrive
at
1.When
he
the
town,he
found
all
the
work
already
finished.?
答案arrived
at
2. the
traditional
ones,they
have
three
new
unique
functions.?
答案Compared
to
3.Blood-sugar
levels as
you
digest
food.?
答案go
up
4.It
us
to
stay
late
surfing
the
Internet
every
day.?
答案is
bad
for
5.I
work
out
regularly
to .?
答案keep
fit
6.The
postman
tried
to
put
the
through
the
letter-box.?
答案packet(s)
7.As
a
foreigner,I
have
trouble
using
correctly
like
Chinese.?
答案chopsticks
8.Although
these
bags
are
convenient
and ,they
are
not
environmentally
friendly.?
答案reusable
9.Throw
it
in
the !?
答案bin
10.We
should
encourage
pupils
to
set
goals.?
答案realistic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He
tries
to
set
at
least
half
an
hour
every
day
for
jogging.?
答案aside
2.He
set
the
heavy
box
and
rested
for
a
while.?
答案down
3.We
will
set
at
six
o’clock
tomorrow
morning.?
答案off/out
4.The
government
has
set
to
make
many
needed
reforms.?
答案out
5.You
need
a
holiday
to
set
you
again
after
all
that
hard
work.?
答案up
6.He
was (annoy)
at
your
suggestion.?
答案annoyed
7.I
like
her
even
though
she
can
be
(annoy).?
答案annoying
8.They
are
now
living
in
(relation)
comfort.?
答案relative
本课结束(共114张PPT)
UNIT
3
Section
A TOPIC
TALK
&
LESSON
1
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
晨读晚诵
素养导航
晨读晚诵
The
Sixth
Mass
Extinction
As
the
human
population
has
risen
to
7.5
billion,our
species’
enormous①
footprint
on
planet
Earth
has
had
a
shocking
impact
on
mammals,birds,insects,
and
marine
life.We’ve
driven
thousands
of
species
to
the
edge
of
extinction
through
habitat
loss,overhunting
and
overfishing,the
introduction
of
invasive②
species
into
new
ecosystems,toxic③
pollution,and
climate
change.In
the
past
40
years,the
number
of
wild
animals
has
decreased
by
50
percent,a
2019
study
found.And
the
World
Wildlife
Fund
(WWF)
estimates
that
the
population
of
vertebrates④
have
fallen
by
an
average
of
60
percent
since
1970.The
past
20
years
have
brought
a
90
percent
decrease
in
the
number
of
monarch
butterflies
in
America,a
loss
of
900
million,and
an
87
percent
loss
of
rusty
patched
bumblebees.
Only
3
percent
of
the
original
populations
of
the
heavily
fished
Pacific
bluefin
tuna
(蓝鳍金枪鱼)
remain
in
the
sea.“We
are
sleepwalking
toward
the
edge
of
a
cliff,”
said
Mike
Barrett,executive
director
at
WWF.?
What
are
the
consequences?Potentially
enormous.The
loss
of
species
can
have
catastrophic⑤
effects
on
the
food
chain
on
which
humanity
depends.Ocean
reefs,which
sustain⑥
more
than
25
percent
of
marine
life,have
declined
by
50
percent
already—and
could
be
lost
altogether
by
2050.This
is
almost
certainly
contributing
to
the
decline
of
global
marine
life,down—on
average—by
50
percent
since
1970,according
to
the
WWF.Insects
pollinate⑦
crops
humans
eat.“This
is
far
more
than
just
being
about
losing
the
wonders
of
nature,desperately
sad
though
that
is,”
the
WWF’s
Barrett
said.“This
is
actually
now
dangerous
for
the
future
of
people.Nature
is
not
‘nice
to
have’—it
is
our
life-support
system.”
词海拾贝
①enormous
adj.巨大的;庞大的
②invasive
adj.侵入的;侵略性的;攻击性的
③toxic
adj.有毒的
④vertebrate
n.脊椎动物
⑤catastrophic
adj.灾难性的
⑥sustain
v.支持;承受;维持
⑦pollinate
v.给……授粉
典句欣赏
The
past
20
years
have
brought
a
90
percent
decrease
in
the
number
of
monarch
butterflies
in
America,a
loss
of
900
million,and
an
87
percent
loss
of
rusty
patched
bumblebees.
译文:在过去的20年里,美国的帝王蝶数量锐减了90%,损失了9亿只,长着铁锈色斑纹的大黄蜂损失了87%。
分析:这是一个简单句。句中The
past
20
years是无生命的物体作主语;a
loss
of
900
million是a
90
percent
decrease的同位语;and连接a
90
percent
decrease和an
87
percent
loss
两个宾语。
理解诱思
What
is
the
final
result
of
the
sixth
mass
extinction?(no
more
than
5
words)
答案The
fall
of
mankind.
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.plastic
adj. ?
2.mining
n.
?
3.item
n.
?
4.unrecyclable
adj.
?
5.informative
adj.
?
6.horn
n.
?
7.mass
adj.
?
8.solar
adj.
?
9.hatch
vi.&
vt.
?
塑料制的
采矿业
一项,一条
不可回收的
有教育意义的;知识性强的
(牛、羊等头上的)角
大量的
太阳光(能)的
(使)孵化
10.
n.保护?
11.
vt.破坏;毁掉?
12.
vi.&
vt.再利用,回收利用?
13.
n.威胁;(灾难等坏事)发生的可能?
14.
vi.&
vt.转换,改变?
15.
adv.非法地,违法地?
16.
vi.&
vt.猎取,猎杀?
17.
adj.灭绝的,绝种的?
18.
adv.非常地,极端地?
conservation
destroy
recycle
threat
switch
illegally
hunt
extinct
incredibly
19.
adj.紧急的,急迫的?
20.
n.物种,种?
21.
vt.擦;拭?
22.
adj.异常的;不平常的?
23.
adj.各种各样的,形形色色的?
24.
vi.&
vt.减少 n.减少;减少的量?
25.
vt.责怪,指责?
26.
vt.影响?
27.
adj.濒危的?
28.
vt.(使)
恢复?
urgent
species
wipe
unusual
varied
decrease
blame
affect
endangered
restore
重点短语
1. 起某种作用?
2.
?
尽自己的职责
3. ?
消失;绝迹,灭绝
4. ?
处境危险,受到威胁
5.wipe
out
?
6.be
to
blame
?
have
a
role
do
one’s
part
die
out
be
at
risk
彻底毁灭
把……归咎于
重点句式
1.They
found
that
human
activity
is
causing
species
to
die
out
1,000
times
faster
than
normal.
2.Without
forests,we
would
have
no
air
to
breathe,and
without
clean
water
we
would
be
unable
to
survive.
重点语法
限制性和非限制性定语从句
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P52-53文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Over
90
percent
of
all
ever
living
species
are
extinct
in
500
million
years.
2.It
is
natural
for
species
to
die
out
usually.
3.If
a
sixth
mass
extinction
occurs,entire
species
will
be
wiped
out.
4.In
order
to
avoid
the
sixth
extinction,we
need
to
stop
traveling
around.
答案1~4
FTFF
B.阅读P52-53文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
is
one
of
the
reasons
for
extinction?
A.Sleep
of
volcanoes.
B.Changes
in
sea
levels.
C.The
increase
of
the
oxygen.
D.The
decrease
in
temperature.
答案
B
2.What
are
scientists
mainly
concerned
about
as
to
reasons
for
species’
dying
out?
A.Ages.
B.Ways.C.Numbers.
D.Rates.
3.Why
would
we
humans
be
at
risk
of
dying
out
if
75%
of
all
species
on
Earth
die
out?
A.We
will
have
no
clean
air
or
water.
B.We
will
kill
all
species
for
food.
C.We
will
have
no
factory
farming.
D.We
will
kill
one
another
for
water.
答案
D
答案
A
4.How
can
we
avoid
the
sixth
extinction?
A.By
producing
more
species.
B.By
stopping
destroying
the
planet.
C.By
taking
action
to
protect
ourselves.
D.By
moving
to
another
planet
immediately.
答案
B
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.He
gave
us
another
piece
of
advice,
I
think
is
of
great
help
to
the
research
work.?
2.The
book
my
classmate
lent
me
is
very
useful.?
3.There
is
always
something
we
are
not
satisfied
with
in
our
life.?
4.We
talked
about
the
people
and
things
we
remembered
in
our
primary
school.?
5.I’d
like
to
make
friends
with
those
are
rich
in
experience
and
knowledge.?
which
which/that
that
that
who
6.There
are
still
some
people
living
conditions
are
terrible.?
7.This
is
the
best
film
I
have
ever
seen
these
years.?
8.Have
you
seen
the
film
Titanic,
leading
actor
is
world-famous??
9.Who
is
that
man
is
going
to
give
us
a
lecture??
10.This
is
the
place
I
grew
up.?
whose
that
whose
that
where
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1Ways
We
Destroy
Nature我们破坏自然的方式(P50)
【词汇精讲】
destroy用作及物动词,意为“破坏;毁掉”。
The
earthquake
destroyed
almost
the
entire
city.
那次地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。
That
will
destroy
the
reputation
of
our
products.
那将毁了我们产品的声誉。
【词汇拓展】
destroy
sb 毁掉某人(的一生)
be
destroyed
by
fire
被大火烧毁
destruction
n.
破坏,毁坏
destroyer
n.
破坏者;起破坏作用的东西
The
building
was
completely
destroyed
by
fire.
大楼被大火完全烧毁了。
Many
animals
will
be
in
danger
because
of
the
destruction
of
the
environment.
因为环境的破坏,许多动物将处于危险之中。
【词语辨析】
destroy,damage与ruin
destroy
作动词,表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底的毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻用法中;也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划等
damage
可作动词或名词,表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指部分性的损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻用法中
ruin
可作动词或名词,表示“毁坏,破坏”,强调毁灭的彻底性,并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许没有多大力量,但其严重性却使其不能修复。这种毁灭强调长期损坏过程所导致的结果
【微写作】
In
the
earthquake
that
happened
on
August
3,2014,all
the
houses
and
buildings
were
destroyed,and
great
damage
was
caused
to
Yunnan.At
that
time
Ludian
was
almost
in
ruins.
在2014年8月3日发生的那场地震中,所有的房屋和建筑物都被摧毁了,(这场地震)给云南造成了巨大的损失。那时的鲁甸几乎成了一片废墟。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这些物种的破坏会妨碍研究人员找到治疗某些疾病的方法。
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.?
(2)那所医学院的附属医院在洪水中被摧毁了。
The
hospital
attached
to
the
medical
college
in
the
flood.?
(3)该公司是世界上最大的热带森林破坏者。
The
company
is
the
world’s
of
tropical
forests.?
The
destruction
of
such
species
was
destroyed
largest
destroyer
2After
the
lecture,I
can
see
that
the
use
of
oil
and
coal
is
one
of
the
biggest
threats
to
our
planet.
听了讲座后,我可以看到石油和煤炭的使用是我们星球最大的威胁之一。(P108)
【词汇精讲】在本句中threat用作名词,意为“威胁;(灾难等坏事)发生的可能”。
As
the
months
went
by,
the
rabbits
saw
that
I
was
no
threat
and
didn’t
escape.
几个月过去了,兔子们看出来我对它们没有威胁,也不再逃走了。
【词汇拓展】
a
threat
to
sb/sth 对某人/某物构成威胁
threaten
v.
威胁
threaten
sb
(with
sth)
(用某物)威胁某人
threaten
to
do
sth
恐吓要做某事
threatened
adj.
受到威胁的
However,others
are
in
favour
of
the
inclusion
because
it
is
hard
to
say
whether
it
will
threaten
the
Chinese
language.
但是,其他人赞成收录(英语单词),因为很难说这是否会威胁到汉语。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)那个农场主威胁说,无论哪条狗,如果咬死他的一只羊,他就要开枪打死它。
The
farmer
that
killed
one
of
his
sheep.?
(2)污染对这一物种的继续生存造成了威胁。
Pollution
is
the
continued
existence
of
this
species.?
(3)尽管战争一触即发,人们仍像平时一样工作。
Despite
,people
went
about
their
work
as
usual.?
threatened
to
shoot
any
dog
a
threat
to
the
threat
of
war
3We
definitely
need
to
switch
to
different
forms
of
power
as
soon
as
possible.
我们确实需要尽快转换到不同形式的能源。(P108-109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中switch用作动词,意为“转换,改变”;它还可以用作名词,意为“开关;转换”。
New
technology
made
a
switch
to
oil
possible.
新技术使得改用石油成为可能。
【词汇拓展】
switch
on 接通,打开
switch
off
(=turn
off)
把……关掉,关上
switch
over
(to
sth)
转换频道;转变
switch
(from
sth)
to...
从……转变到……
switch
roles
转换角色
switch
A
with
B
把A与B交换
He
didn’t
bother
to
switch
on
the
light.
他懒得去开灯。
The
law
would
encourage
companies
to
switch
from
coal
to
cleaner
fuels.
该法律将鼓励公司从煤炭转向更清洁的燃料。
Please
make
sure
all
the
mobile
phones
are
switched
off
during
the
performance.
请确保演出时所有手机关闭。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)桌子上面有一台开着的便携式小型电视机。
There
was
a
little
portable
television
on
the
desk.?
(2)夜间请务必将所有的灯关掉。
Please
make
sure
that
all
the
lights
at
night.?
(3)五年后,父亲改行教书了。
Five
years
later,Father
teaching.?
switched
on
are
switched/turned
off
switched
over
to
单句语法填空
(4)Do
you
mind
me (switch)
over
to
Channel
One?I’d
like
to
see
what
the
weather
will
be
like
tomorrow.?
switching
4We
all
have
a
role
to
play
in
protecting
the
environment.If
we
all
do
our
part,we
can
live
a
healthier
life
on
Earth.在保护环境方面,我们大家都可以发挥作用。如果我们都尽自己的一份力,我们就能在地球上过上更健康的生活。(P109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中have
a
role意为“起某种作用”,还可以意为“充当角色”;do
one’s
part意为“尽自己的职责”。
Everyone
had
a
role
in
the
show’s
success.
每个人都对节目的成功起了作用。
Every
student
ought
to
do
his
part
to
make
steady
progress.
每个学生都应尽本分以求平稳的进步。
【词汇拓展】
play
an
important
role/part
in... 在……中起重要作用/担任重要角色
play
the
role
of
sb=play/act
the
part
of
sb
(在剧中)扮演……角色
play
the
leading
role 起带头/主要作用
for
my
part
至于我,对我来说
on
one’s
part
由某人做出;就某人而言
take
part
in
参加……,参与……活动
He
has
played
an
important
part
in
carrying
through
the
whole
plan.
他在整个计划的实行中扮演了重要的角色。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)在维护世界和平方面,中国正在起着越来越重要的作用。
China
safeguarding
world
peace.?
(2)他在上周的戏剧中扮演了哈姆雷特。
He
played
Hamlet
in
the
play
last
week.?
(3)媒体在影响人们的观念方面起着很重要的作用。
The
media
in
influencing
people’s
opinions.?
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
part/role
in
the
role/part
of
plays
a
very
important
role/part
(4)对我来说,到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
,
I
don’t
mind
where
we
eat.?
For
my
part
5Yes,many
animals
are
illegally
hunted
for
something
they
have.
是的,许多动物因为它们拥有的东西而被非法猎杀。
(P109)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中illegally为副词,意为“非法地,违法地”。
(2020全国卷Ⅱ)Nutria
are
illegally
hunted.
海狸鼠被非法猎杀。
【词汇拓展1】
illegal
adj. 违法的,非法的
legal
adj.
法律许可的,合法的
legally
adv.
法律上,合法地
【迁移应用1】
完成句子
(1)未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。
to
read
people’s
private
letters
without
permission.?
(2)鉴于她已经到了法定的结婚年龄,我想象不出你怎么可以阻止她。
Seeing
that
she’s
to
get
married,I
don’t
see
how
you
can
stop
her.?
(3)上届政府的行为是非法的。
The
previous
government
had
acted
.?
It’s
illegal
legally
old
enough
illegally
【词汇精讲2】在本句中hunt用作动词,意为“猎取,猎杀”;它还可以意为“搜索;驱赶”;hunt也可以用作名词,意为“狩猎;追捕;搜寻”。
The
hunters
and
I
hunt
the
animals
out
of
the
garden.
猎人和我把动物赶出花园。
The
dog
was
trained
for
the
hunt.
这只狗受过狩猎训练。
【词汇拓展2】
hunt
after 追猎(某动物);追逐(某物)
hunt
for
寻找某人/某物
hunt
up
(在报纸上、书上等)找到(资料等)
Do
you
approve
of
hunting
after
foxes?
你赞成猎捕狐狸吗?
He
has
been
hunting
for
a
job.
他一直在找工作。
【迁移应用2】
完成句子
(1)你须在字典里查找这个字。
You’ll
have
to
the
word
in
the
dictionary.?
(2)很多人一生追逐名利,但是总不能成功。
Many
people
fame
in
their
lives
but
never
find
it.?
(3)附近的邻居都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
The
whole
neighbourhood
have
been
the
missing
child.?
hunt
up
hunt
after
hunting
for
6That’s
an
incredibly
urgent
matter...这是一件非常紧急的事情……(P109)
【词汇精讲】在本句中urgent
用作形容词,意为“紧急的,急迫的”,还可以意为“坚持要求的”。
They’ve
made
an
urgent
request
for
international
aid.
他们紧急请求国际援助。
【词汇拓展】
urge
vt. 催促;极力主张
n.
强烈的欲望、冲动,迫切的要求
urge
sb
to
do
sth/urge
sb
into
doing
sth
催促/敦促某人做某事
urge
that/It
is
urged
that... 坚决主张……(用虚拟语气)
have/feel
an
urge
to
do
sth
渴望做某事;有做某事的冲动/欲望
satisfy
an
urge
满足欲望
urgency
n.
紧急;急事;催促
urgently
adv.
紧急地,急迫地
We
urged
that
the
bill
(should)
be
passed.
我们强烈要求通过那项议案。
She
urged
him
to
stay.
她力劝他留下。
They
urged
that
the
library(should)
be
kept
open
during
the
vacation.
他们要求图书馆假期开放。
I
felt
an
urge
to
go
out
and
buy
a
big
bunch
of
flowers
to
decorate
the
living
room.
我有一股冲动,想去买一大束鲜花装点起居室。
This
is
a
matter
of
some
urgency.
这件事相当紧迫。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)爸爸不停地督促我在结冰的路上开车要谨慎。
Father
kept carefully
on
the
icy
roads.?
(2)我害怕那个男孩,很想跑开。
I
was
afraid
of
the
boy
and
I
to
run
away
from
him.?
urging
me
to
drive
had
an
urge
用urge的适当形式填空
(3)I
will
not
use
my
savings
unless
a
matter
of
happens.?
(4)Many
people
in
the
earthquake-stricken
area
are
in
need
of
food
and
water.?
(5)The
two
countries
to
put
an
end
to
the
war,which
had
lasted
over
eight
years
and
caused
great
suffering
and
losses.?
urgency
urgent
were
urged
7Extinctions,where
entire
species
are
wiped
out,are
not
unusual
in
our
Earth’s
history.
在地球的历史上,整个物种的灭绝并不罕见。(P52)
【词汇精讲】在本句中wipe
out意为“彻底毁灭”。
Doctors
are
searching
for
a
cure
that
will
wipe
out
cancer.
医生们正在寻找消灭癌症的医疗方法。
Five
hundred
years
ago
the
plague
almost
wiped
out
the
population
of
the
island.
五百年前,瘟疫几乎消灭了这个岛上所有的人。
【词汇拓展】
wipe...with... 用……擦……
wipe
sth
away/off/up
擦掉/擦净某物
wipe
sth
off/from...
把某物从……处擦掉(消除掉)
wipe
sth
from/off
one’s
mind/memory
有意忘记某事物
Wipe
your
tears
away
with
a
soft
towel.
用柔软的毛巾擦去你的泪痕。
I
like
to
wipe
the
windows
with
a
very
soft
cloth.
我喜欢用非常柔软的布擦窗子。
He
wiped
the
sweat
from
his
forehead.
他擦掉额头上的汗水。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这些措施将有助于在农村地区消灭贫困。
These
measures
will
help
to
in
rural
areas.?
(2)她弯下腰,用一块干布把鞋上的泥土擦掉了。
She
bent
down
and
using
a
dry
cloth.?
wipe
out
poverty
wiped
the
dirt
off/from
her
shoes
(3)我几次想把这件事忘掉,但就是做不到。
I
tried
several
times
to
,but
I
just
couldn’t.?
(4)现如今所有的人普遍希望消除贫困,过上幸福生活。
It
is
nowadays
a
matter
of
universal
desire
that
poverty
and
all
people
live
a
happy
life.?
wipe
it
off/from
my
mind/memory
should
be
wiped
out
8The
reasons
for
extinctions
are
varied.灭绝的原因多种多样。(P52)
【词汇精讲】在本句中varied
用作形容词,意为“各种各样的,形形色色的”。
Yet,outdoor
activities
are
varied
and
tempting
in
the
USA.
而各种各样的户外活动在美国则引人入胜。
【词汇拓展】
variety
n. 多种样式;不同种类;多变性
a
variety
of
styles
各种风格
variety
in
one’s
lifestyle
生活方式的多样化
variety
show
综艺节目
vary
vi.&
vt. 变化,改变
various
adj.
各种各样的;多方面的(=a
variety
of)
(2020天津卷)Restaurants
can
offer
a
choice
of
music
along
with
the
various
food
choices
on
the
menu.
餐馆可以提供多种音乐和菜单上各种各样的食物选择。
温馨提示:(1)表示“多种多样”的表达还有:
all
sorts
of
people各种各样的人
all
kinds
of
reasons各种各样的原因
many
types
of
goods多种产品
(2)variety作“种类,品种”解时为可数名词,作“多样化”解时为不可数名词。
(3)“a
variety
of
+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“the
variety
of
+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A
variety
of
books
have
been
published.
出版了各种各样的书。
【迁移应用】
用vary的适当形式填空
(1)Susan’s
idea
of
freedom
was
to
have
in
her
lifestyle.?
(2)The
island
offers
such
a
wide
of
scenery
and
wildlife.?
(3)It
is
essential
that
your
diet
is
and
balanced.?
variety
variety
varied
9According
to
scientists,they
include
volcanic
eruptions,asteroids
hitting
the
Earth
from
space,changes
in
sea
levels,the
decrease
of
the
oxygen
content
of
the
sea
and
global
warming.根据科学家的说法,它们包括火山爆发、小行星从太空撞击地球、海平面的变化、海洋含氧量的减少和全球变暖。(P52)
【词汇精讲】在本句中decrease
用作名词,意为“减少;减少的量”;还可以用作动词,意为“减少”。
So
even
if
emissions
were
to
begin
to
decrease
today,we
would
still
face
the
challenge
of
adapting
to
climate
change.
因此,即使今天的排放量开始减少,我们仍然要面对适应气候变化的挑战。
【词汇拓展】
decrease
in 在……减少
decrease
to+数字
下降到……
decrease
by+分数、百分数或其他表示数量的词
下降了……
It
has
been
reported
that
the
exports
of
that
company
have
decreased
by
3%.
据报道,那家公司的出口下降了3%。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)The
number
of
new
students (减少到)
800
this
year.?
(2)The
price
of
wheat
has
(降低了)
10%.?
(3)There
has
been
(下降)
in
population.?
decreases
to
decreased
by
a
decrease
10This
time,human
activity
will
be
to
blame.这一次,人类活动将是罪魁祸首。(P52)
【词汇精讲】在本句中blame
用作动词,意为“责怪,指责”。
We
tend
to
blame
TV,
he
says,
for
problems
it
doesn’t
really
cause,overlooking
our
own
roles
in
shaping
children’s
minds.
他说,我们倾向于把责任归咎于并非真正原因的电视而忽略了我们自己在塑造孩子思想上产生的影响。
【词汇拓展】
be
to
blame
(for
sth)
应该为(某事)负责任,应该(为某事)受责备
blame
sth
on
sb/sth
把某事归咎于某人/某事
blame
sb
for
(doing)
sth
因(做)某事而责备某人
blame
n.
过失;责备
put/lay/place
the
blame
(for
sth)
on
sb
把某事归咎于某人
She
blamed
her
parents
for
the
failure
of
her
marriage.
=She
blamed
the
failure
of
her
marriage
on
her
parents.
她把自己婚姻的失败归咎于父母。
Citizens
are
laying
the
blame
on
the
government
for
acting
too
late.
市民们责怪政府反应迟缓。
温馨提示:be
to
blame是主动形式表示被动意义。
I
feel
it
is
your
husband
who
is
to
blame
for
the
spoiled
child.
我认为孩子被惯坏是你丈夫的责任。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)老师因那个学生犯了如此愚蠢的错误而责怪他。
The
teacher
making
such
silly
mistakes.?
(2)就是那位教授而不是他的助理们应对实验室里所发生的事情负责。
It
was
the
professor
rather
than
his
assistants
who
for
what
had
happened
in
the
lab.?
blamed
the
student
for
was
to
blame
(3)健康专家们把疾病的传播归咎于恶劣的居住条件。
Health
experts the
spread
of
the
disease
on
poor
housing
conditions.?
(4)失败要怪你自己,不是其他任何人的错。
It
is
you
yourself
who
for
the
failure.It’s
not
the
fault
of
anyone
else.?
put/lay/place
the
blame
for
are
to
blame
11Although
it
is
not
unusual
for
species
to
die
out
naturally,the
rate
at
which
this
is
now
happening
is
cause
for
concern.虽然物种自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在这种情况发生的速度令人担忧。(P52)
【词汇精讲】die
out在本句中意为“消失;绝迹,灭绝”。
In
fact,half
of
the
6,000-7,000
languages
spoken
around
the
world
today
will
likely
die
out
by
the
next
century,according
to
the
United
Nations
Educational,Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization
(UNESCO).
实际上,根据联合国教科文组织报告,到下个世纪,世界上现有使用的6000~7000种语言中有一半将可能消失。
【词汇拓展】
die
away
(声音、风、光等)逐渐消失
die
off
(一群生物)相继死去
die
down
(慢慢地)熄灭;平息下来
All
his
anger
died
down.
他满腔的怒气渐渐平息下来.
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我们再也看不到这种动物了,或许它早就灭绝了。
We
no
longer
see
this
animal—maybe
it
has
.?
(2)工厂使用童工的做法已经几乎绝迹了。
The
practice
of
children
working
in
factories
has
nearly
.?
(3)汽车的响声消失在远处。
The
sound
of
the
car
in
the
distance.?
(4)尽管风停了,但是雨还在下,因此你仍需要带上一件雨衣。
Although
the
wind
,the
rain
remains
steady,so
you
still
need
a
raincoat.?
died
out
died
out
died
away
has
died
down
12It
is
clear
that
human
activity
has
negatively
affected
all
other
species
on
Earth,including
animals
and
plants.
很明显,人类活动已经对地球上所有其他物种产生了负面影响,包括动物和植物。(P53)
【词汇精讲】在本句中affect用作动词,意为“影响”,它还可以意为“感染;打动”。
It
not
only
affects
our
everyday
life,but
may
also
threaten
people’s
lives.
它不仅影响我们的日常生活,而且也可能威胁人们的生命。
【词汇拓展】
be
affected
by 被……所打动/影响
effect
n.
效果;作用;影响
have
an
effect
on/upon...
对……有影响/效果
cause
and
effect
因果
in
effect
事实上
come
into
effect
开始生效,开始实施
put/bring...into
effect
实施……;使……生效
be
of
no
effect
无效,没有作用,不中用
In
effect,the
only
thing
faster
than
the
speed
of
our
thoughts
is
the
speed
of
our
forgetfulness.
实际上,唯一比我们思想速度快的就是我们健忘的速度。
【词语辨析】
affect,effect与influence
(1)affect指产生的影响之大足以引起反应,着重“影响”的动作,有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思。
The
slight
change
of
weather
can
affect
her
poor
health.
天气稍有变化就会影响她那虚弱的身体。
(2)effect作“影响”讲时,通常用作名词,构成have
an
effect
on/upon,意为“对……有影响”。
Modern
farming
methods
can
have
an
adverse
effect
on
the
environment.
现代农业方法可能会对环境产生不利影响。
(3)influence有动词和名词两个词性,指通过说服、举例对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响。
The
way
the
guests
were
treated
in
the
hotel
influenced
their
judgement
of
the
service.
客人在酒店里受到的待遇影响了他们对酒店服务的评价。
【迁移应用】
用affect,effect与influence的适当形式填空
(1)In
spite
of
all
these
differences,evidence
shows
that
recent
lifestyle
changes
may
be
French
eating
habits.?
(2)
by
a
high
school
biology
teacher,he
took
up
the
study
of
medicine.?
(3)What
parents
say
and
do
has
a
lifelong
on
their
children.?
(4)The
new
tax
law
doesn’t
me
at
all
because
I
am
still
a
student.?
affecting
Influenced
effect
affect
13Of
course,as
we
humans
depend
on
so
many
species
for
our
survival,we
would
also
be
at
risk
of
dying
out.
当然,由于我们人类依靠如此多的物种生存,我们也会有灭绝的危险。(P53)
【词汇精讲】在本句中at
risk意为“处境危险,受到威胁”。
The
disease
is
spreading,
and
all
young
children
are
at
risk.
疾病正在传播,所有的幼儿都有危险。
【词汇拓展】
risk
vt. 冒……的危险
n.
冒险;危险的人或物
risk
one’s
life
冒着生命危险
risk
doing
sth
冒险做某事
reduce/increase
the
risk
of 降低/增加……的危险
at
the
risk
of
doing
sth
冒着做某事的危险
run/take
the
risk
of
doing
sth
冒着做某事的风险
risky
adj.
危险的;大胆的;冒险的
Smoking
can
increase
the
risk
of
developing
heart
disease.
吸烟会增加患心脏病的风险。
But
Simon
decided
to
risk
his
life
to
save
the
drowning
child.
但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的小孩。
He
is
not
willing
to
take
the
risk
of
losing
his
money.
他不愿冒赔钱的风险。
温馨提示:risk后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语。另外enjoy、finish、practise、feel
like、avoid、mind、suggest、imagine、keep等动词(短语)也要用动词-ing形式作宾语,不能跟动词不定式。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)我不能得罪我的老板,因为我不能冒失去这份工作的风险。
I
can’t
annoy
my
boss
because
I
won’t
risk
.?
(2)我是不会让你冒险的,毕竟,小心一点好,以免以后后悔。
I
won’t
let
you
.After
all,it
is
better
to
be
safe
than
sorry.?
(3)到户外晒晒太阳是有益的,但过分在阳光下暴晒会使你的身体面临危险。
It’s
nice
to
get
out
in
the
sun,but
if
you
overdo
it,you
could
put
your
life
.?
losing
my
job
take
such
risks
at
risk
(4)他们冒着失去生命的危险阻止了一次严重的铁路事故。
They
prevented
a
serious
railway
accident
losing
their
own
lives.?
(5)如果不采取更加有力、更加有效的措施,空气污染会变得更严重,威胁到人们的健康。
Unless
stronger
and
more
effective
measures
are
taken,the
air
pollution
will
get
worse,putting
people’s
health
.?
at
the
risk
of
at
risk
重点句式
1They
found
that
human
activity
is
causing
species
to
die
out
1,000
times
faster
than
normal.
他们发现,人类活动导致物种灭绝的速度是正常情况下的1000倍。(P53)
【句式剖析】句中1,000
times
faster
than意为“比……快一千倍”,表示倍数。
The
researchers
found
that
laptop
users
took
twice
as
many
notes
as
those
who
wrote
by
hand.
研究人员发现,笔记本电脑用户记的笔记是那些手写者的两倍。
【句式拓展】
英语中表示倍数的句型常见的有以下五种:
(1)A
is...times
as
long/wide/high/large/deep...as
B.如:
The
dictionary
is
almost
five
times
as
expensive
as
that
one.
这本字典的价格是那本字典的五倍。
We
have
produced
by
now
three
times
as
many
computers
as
we
did
last
year.
我们目前已经生产出的计算机的数量是去年的三倍。
(2)A
is...times
longer/wider/higher/larger/deeper...than
B.如:
The
new
street
is
3
times
wider
than
the
old
one.
新街比老街宽两倍。
(3)A
is...times
the
length/width/height/size/depth...of
B.如:
China
is
almost
twice
the
size
of
their
country
in
area.
在面积上中国差不多是他们国家的两倍。
This
rope
is
more
than
five
times
the
length
of
that
one.
这根绳的长度是那根绳的五倍多。
(4)A
is...times+what从句.如:
The
length
of
the
road
is
double
what
it
was
three
years
ago.
这条路的长度是三年前的两倍。
The
dictionary
costs
three
times
what
it
did
before.
这本字典的价钱是过去的三倍。
(5)A
has
increased/decreased/reduced/gone
up/risen
by...times.如:
The
price
of
meat
has
gone
up
by
three
times.
肉价上涨了三倍。
The
costs
have
been
reduced
by
20%
after
the
new
equipment
was
brought
in.
新设备引进后,成本已经减少了20%。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
Asia
is
Europe.??
(2)这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。
This
big
stone
is
that
one.?
four
times
as
large
as/four
times
the
area
of
three
times
as
heavy
as/three
times
the
weight
of
(3)这个国家的新鲜蔬菜真贵。这些卷心菜花了我十美元,是在国内时的三倍。
Fresh
vegetables
in
this
country
are
expensive
indeed.These
cabbages
cost
me
$10, as
they
do
at
home.?
(4)据统计,男性死于皮肤癌的可能性是女性的两倍以上。
According
to
statistics,a
man
is
more
than
twice
as
likely
to
die
of
skin
cancer
a
woman.?
three
times
as
much
as
2Without
forests,we
would
have
no
air
to
breathe,and
without
clean
water
we
would
be
unable
to
survive.
没有森林,我们将没有空气呼吸,没有干净的水,我们将无法生存。(P53)
【句式剖析】句中without和no构成双重否定,用以加强语气。without
还可以表示“如果没有”,用于虚拟语气,相当于but
for。
Without
his
wartime
experiences,Hemingway
wouldn’t
have
written
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms.
没有战时的经历的话,海明威就不可能写出《永别了,武器》这部名著。
Please
don’t
leave
without
me.
请让我和你一起去。
They
never
meet
without
quarreling.
他们一见面就要吵嘴。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)没有水就没有生命。
There
will
be
no
life
water.?
(2)李先生,非常感谢你的支持和鼓励。我认为没有你的帮助我就不可能克服这个困难。
Thank
you
very
much
for
your
support
and
encouragement,Mr
Li.I
don’t
think
I
can
overcome
the
difficulty
your
help.?
without
without
重点语法
限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确,因而不能被省略,否则句意就不完整。
1.关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose
(1)that既可指代事物也可指代人,which指代事物,在从句中均可作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
The
film
(that/which)
we
saw
last
night
was
very
wonderful.
昨晚我们看的那部电影非常棒。
(2)who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,who可以作从句的主语和宾语,whom只能作宾语。
He
knew
the
teacher
who/whom
we
met
yesterday.
他认识我们昨天遇见的那个老师。
(3)whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它引导的从句可以修饰人和物。
I
saw
a
boy
standing
on
the
ground
whose
hat
was
red.
我看见一个男孩站在地上,他的帽子是红色的。
(4)“介词+关系代词”指人时关系代词用whom,指物时用which。
She
is
the
girl
with
whom
I
went
there.
她就是和我去那儿的女孩。
2.关系副词:where,when,why
(1)where引导定语从句表示地点。
I
went
to
the
Zhongshan
Park
where
I
spent
the
whole
morning
with
my
students.
我去了中山公园,在那里我整个上午都和我的学生在一起。
(2)when引导定语从句表示时间。
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
when
I
met
you.
我永远不会忘记遇见你的那天。
(3)why引导定语从句表示原因,先行词一般为reason等。
The
reason
why
the
injection
needs
repeating
every
year
is
that
the
virus
changes.
每年需要重复注射的原因是病毒发生了变化。
3.定语从句中只用that不用which的情况
(1)当先行词是all,any,anything,everything,nothing或被它们修饰时。
Is
there
anything
that
I
can
do
for
you?
有什么我可以为你做的吗?
All
that
can
be
done
must
be
done.
凡是能做的都必须做。
(2)当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
That
is
one
of
the
most
interesting
books
that
are
sold
in
the
bookshop.
那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The
first
thing
that
we
should
do
is
get
some
food.
我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
(3)当先行词有the
only,the
very,the
same,the
last
等修饰时。
My
necklace
is
not
the
only
thing
that’s
missing.
我的项链不是丢掉的唯一的东西。
(4)当主句以who或which开头时。
Who
is
the
girl
that
is
wearing
a
red
coat?
正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?
(5)当先行词既有人又有物时。
The
writer
and
his
novel
that
you
have
just
talked
about
are
really
well-known.
你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句在句中主要起补充说明作用,在非限制性定语从句与主句之间往往有逗号隔开,独立存在,缺失也不会影响整个句子的意思。
1.which引导非限制性定语从句,说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的一部分。
The
novel,which
I
have
read
three
times,is
very
touching.
这本小说很动人,我已读了三遍。
2.who引导非限制性定语从句,作从句的主语。
Our
guide,who
was
a
French
Canadian,was
an
excellent
cook.
我们的导游是法裔加拿大人,他是个出色的厨师。
3.whom引导非限制性定语从句,指人,在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语,作介词宾语时,介词可位于句末。
Peter,whom
you
met
in
London,is
now
back
in
Paris.
你在伦敦见过的彼得现在已经回巴黎了。
4.whose引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作定语。whose通常指人,也可指动物或无生命的事物。
The
boy,
whose
hat
is
red,
studies
very
hard.
那个戴红色帽子的男孩学习很努力。
5.when引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作时间状语,指代主句中的时间。
The
car
accident
happened
in
1990,when
I
was
a
six-year-old
girl.
那次车祸发生在1990年,当时我还是个六岁的小女孩。
6.where引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,指代主句中的地点。
We
then
moved
to
Paris,where
we
lived
for
six
years.
我们后来搬到巴黎,在那里住了六年。
7.as引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如;好像”。
As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
a
developing
country.
众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。
限制性和非限制性定语从句区别
1.限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
This
is
the
house
that
we
bought
last
month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The
house,
which
we
bought
last
month,
is
very
nice.
这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2.当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
Charles
Smith,who
was
my
former
teacher,retired
last
year.
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
My
house,which
I
bought
last
year,has
got
a
lovely
garden.
我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
3.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
He
seems
not
to
have
grasped
what
I
meant,which
greatly
upsets
me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我很心烦。
注意:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
随堂练习
Ⅰ.用关系代词或关系副词填空
1.September
1st
is
the
day
students
go
back
to
school
after
a
summer
vacation.?
答案when
2.I
don’t
like
the
way
you
treat
animals.?
答案that
3.We
finally
got
to
the
village,
we
saw
rows
of
newly
built
houses.?
答案where
4.The
reason
he
won
first
place
in
the
competition
is
that
not
only
did
he
follow
the
teacher’s
advice,but
also
he
was
trained
hard.?
答案why
5.The
reason
he
told
me
for
his
absence
was
not
acceptable.?
答案that
6.Here
is
the
bike
I
paid
$200.?
答案for
which
7.All
the
neighbours
admire
this
family,
the
parents
are
treating
their
child
like
a
friend.?
答案where
8.His
movie
won
several
awards
at
the
film
festivals,
was
beyond
his
wildest
dream.?
答案which
9.It
was
a
great
joy
to
work
with
all
these
people,every
one
of
is
such
a
nice
person.?
答案whom
10.Which
is
the
shopping
mall
you
recommended
to
the
foreign
guests??
答案that
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.我将不会忘记和你一起去香山看红叶的那个秋天。
答案I
will
never
forget
the
autumn
when
I
went
to
the
Fragrant
Hill
to
see
the
red
leaves
with
you.
2.正如老师昨天说的那样,我们要对未来充满信心。
答案As
the
teacher
told
us
yesterday,we
should
be
confident
of
our
future.
3.我们班有很多作文写得好的学生。
答案In
our
class,we
have
many
students
whose
compositions
are
well
written.
4.这是一部以前从未上映过的令人印象最深刻的电视剧。
答案This
is
the
most
impressive
TV
play
that
has
never
been
put
on
before.
5.努力工作是你成功的唯一办法。
答案Hard
work
is
the
only
way
that
leads
to
your
success.
6.太阳温暖了地球,使得万物得以生长。
答案The
sun
heats
the
earth,which
makes
it
possible
for
plants
to
grow.
7.如果我们举办演讲比赛的地点定下来,我会通知你的。
答案I
will
keep
you
informed
if
the
place
where
we’re
to
have
the
Speech
Contest
is
decided.
8.那就是成就我梦想的美丽校园。
答案That
is
the
beautiful
campus
where
I
made
my
dreams
come
true.
9.他已经找到了他能胜任的一份好工作。
答案He
has
found
a
good
job
for
which
he
is
qualified.
10.凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能”的。
答案The
man
who
has
made
up
his
mind
to
win
will
never
say
“impossible”.
Ⅲ.课文语篇填空
In
the
last
500
million
years,there
have
been
five
times
life
on
Earth
has
almost
ended.Many
(scientist)
say
we
are
now
entering
the
Earth’s
sixth
mass
extinction.There
is
long
list
of
reasons
why
so
many
species
(die)
out.This
time,human
activity
will
be
(blame)
because
human
activity
is
causing
species
to
die
out
1,000
times
(fast)
than
normal
and
has
(negative)
affected
all
other
species
on
Earth,including
animals
and
plants.If
a
sixth
mass
extinction
(occur),we
would
also
be
risk
of
dying
out
as
our
when
scientists
a
are
dying
to
blame
faster
negatively
occurs
at
world
and
our
lives
depend
on
the
balance
in
nature
between
animals
and
plants.In
order
to
stop
the
sixth
extinction,we
need
to
take
steps
to
stop
(destroy)
the
planet
that
we
live
on
and
start
to
protect
it.?
destroying
Ⅳ.概要写作
根据P52-53课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
There
are
a
variety
of
causes
of
the
coming
sixth
mass
extinction,but
human
activity
is
the
main
one
of
them.(要点1)Human
activity
speeds
up
the
rate
of
species
to
die
out,including
animals
and
plants.(要点2)
Once
the
balance
in
nature
between
animals
and
plants
is
lost,we
would
be
unable
to
survive.(要点3)
However,if
we
take
action
to
change
our
lifestyle,a
sixth
extinction
can
be
avoided.(要点4)
本课结束(共57张PPT)
UNIT
3
Section
C WRITING
WORKSHOP
&
VIEWING
WORKSHOP
&
READING
CLUB
&
ASSESSMENT
英
语
2021
内容索引
课前篇
自主预习
课堂篇
互动探究
课前篇
自主预习
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.organic
adj.
?
2.institute
n. ?
3.poultry
n. ?
4.billion
n. ?
5.committee
n. ?
6.temple
n. ?
7.Confucius
?
不使用化肥的,有机的,绿色的
机构;研究院
家禽肉,家禽
十亿
委员会
庙宇,寺院
孔子
8.memorial
n. ?
adj.
?
9.thunderstorm
n. ?
10.typhoon
n. ?
11.agricultural
adj. ?
12.Atlantic
adj. ?
13.
n.论说文;散文?
14.
vt.包含,需要?
15.
n.反对者;对手,敌手?
纪念馆;纪念碑
(对逝者)纪念的,追悼的
雷暴
台风
农业的
大西洋的
essay
involve
opponent
16.
adj.残忍的?
17.
n.例子,实例?
18.
vt.声称;断言;主张 n.声称;(根据权力而提出的)要求?
19.
n.化学品 adj.化学的?
20.
n.药物,药材;毒品?
21.
vt.概括,总结?n.金额,款项;总数
22.
vt.雕,刻?
23.
n.谷,山谷?
24.
adj.景色优美的?
25.
adj.古老的;历史上重要的?
cruel
instance
claim
chemical
drug
sum
carve
valley
scenic
historic
重点短语
1.
例如?
2. ?
概括,总结
for
instance
sum
up
重点句式
1.Up
to
2019,there
are
55
world
heritage
sites
in
China,which
has
the
same
number
of
sites
as
Italy.
2.The
building
that
people
visit
most
is
the
Temple
of
Confucius.
3.At
the
ball,Mathilde
is
the
most
elegant
and
graceful
woman
there,smiling
and
happy.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.阅读P62文章,搭配段落大意。
1.Paragraph
1
?
2.Paragraph
2
?
3.Paragraph
3
?
4.Paragraph
4
?
A.Definition
of
factory
farming.
B.Reduction
of
factory
farming.
C.Cruelty
to
the
animals
and
a
bad
influence
on
the
environment.
D.Low
costs
and
high
production
of
factory
farming
with
fewer
diseases.
A
B
C
D
B.阅读P65-67文章,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.The
Temple
and
Mansion
of
Confucius
is
surrounded
by
fields,mountains
and
rivers.
2.Visitors
can
see
many
protected
species
of
plants
and
endangered
animals
in
Jiuzhaigou.
3.Terrible
environmental
disasters
are
constantly
common.
4.Overpopulation
and
global
warming
contribute
a
lot
to
environmental
disasters.
5.Most
disaster
experts
believe
that
things
could
get
much
better.
答案1~5
FTTTF
C.根据P71-73文章,选出最佳选项。
1.What
can
we
safely
say
about
Guy
de
Maupassant?
A.His
father
died
when
he
was
eleven.
B.He
was
introduced
to
Zola
by
his
father.
C.His
literary
career
was
at
most
ten
years.
D.He
spent
his
43rd
birthday
at
home
in
France.
答案
C
2.What
did
Mathilde
Loisel
desire
to
do?
A.To
lead
a
simple
life.
B.To
be
a
wealthy
woman.
C.To
marry
an
honest
man.
D.To
buy
her
husband
a
hunting
gun.
答案
B
3.How
about
Mathilde
Loisel
at
the
ball?
A.Standing
out
above
the
rest.
B.Losing
the
necklace
on
the
ground.
C.Dancing
with
the
minister
repeatedly.
D.Sending
the
wrap
to
her
school
friend.
答案
A
4.What
happened
when
Mathilde
Loisel
found
the
necklace
lost?
A.She
wrote
a
letter,
telling
Forestier
everything.
B.She
bought
a
similar
necklace
despite
huge
debt.
C.She
and
her
husband
separated
and
led
a
hard
life.
D.She
was
told
the
necklace
was
only
costume
jewellery.
答案
B
课堂篇
互动探究
重点词汇
1Factory
farming
involves
keeping
farm
animals
inside
buildings
to
increase
the
production
of
meat
or
eggs.
工厂化养殖包括将农场动物饲养在建筑物内,以增加肉或蛋的产量。(P62)
【词汇精讲】在本句中involve用作动词,意为“包含”,它还可以意为“需要;使忙于;牵涉;使卷入;使陷入”。
A
letter
of
credit
will
involve
unnecessary
extra
charges.
信用证包含不必要的额外开支。
Don’t
involve
other
people
in
your
trouble.
别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中。
【词汇拓展】
involve
sb/sth
in 使某人/物参与、陷入或牵扯到……中
involve
with
与(某人)有密切关系
involvement
n.
卷入;牵连;参与
John
would,sooner
or
later,involve
himself
in
serious
trouble.
约翰迟早会把他自己卷入危险的困境中去。
Don’t
involve
yourself
with
those
people.
不要和那些人混在一起。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)应有更多的妇女参与决策。
More
women
should
decision-making.?
(2)格雷斯与那个红头发的小伙子来往多久了?
How
long
has
Grace
that
red-haired
boy??
(3)要与他人接触,就得冒着被牵连的危险。
To
reach
out
for
another
is
to
.?
be
involved
in
been
involved
with
risk
involvement
2On
the
other
hand,opponents
of
factory
farming
say
that
it
is
cruel
to
the
animals.
另一方面,反对工厂化养殖的人说这对动物很残忍。(P62)
【词汇精讲1】在本句中opponent用作名词,意为“反对者”。
I
tried
to
comfort
him
after
he
was
defeated
by
his
opponent.
他被对手击败后,我尽力安慰他。
She
is
one
of
the
strongest
opponents
of
the
policy.
她是这项政策最强烈的反对者之一。
【词汇拓展1】
oppose
vt. 反对;反抗;阻挠
oppose
doing
sth
反对做某事
opposed
adj.
反对的;对立的;相反的
be
opposed
to
(doing)
sth
反对(做)某事
opposite
adj.
相反的;对面的
This
is
opposed
to
the
“early
bird”
schedule,and
is
a
kind
of
disorder
where
the
individual
tends
to
stay
up
much
past
midnight.
这是与“早起型”相反的作息,是一种人们习惯熬过午夜的紊乱现象。
They
are
strongly
opposed
to
the
idea
of
moving
abroad.
他们强烈反对移居国外。
【迁移应用1】
完成句子
(1)总统反对给予那个国家军事援助。
The
president
opposes
military
aid
to
that
country.?
(2)她仍然坚决反对去国外这个意见。
She
remained
bitterly the
idea
of
moving
abroad.?
(3)反对战争的人们说,战争只会导致更多的暴力和冲突。
People
the
war
said
that
it
would
only
lead
to
more
violence
and
conflict.?
giving
opposed
to
opposing/opposed
to
(4)他一记有力的左手拳将对手击倒。
He
knocked
down
with
a
powerful
left
fist.?
his
opponent
【词汇精讲2】在本句中cruel用作形容词,意为“残忍的”,还可以意为“残酷的;引起痛苦的”。
The
death
of
their
daughter
was
a
cruel
blow.
女儿的死对他们是一个残酷的打击。
【词汇拓展2】
be
cruel
to 对……残酷/残忍
It
is
cruel
of
sb
to
do
sth
某人做某事太残忍
cruelty
n.
残酷;虐待;残酷的行为
We’ll
never
forget
the
cruelties
of
the
invaders.
我们永远不会忘记入侵者的暴行。
It
was
cruel
of
them
to
make
the
donkey
carry
such
a
heavy
load.
他们让驴子驮那样重的东西,真是残忍。
A
mother
who
is
cruel
to
her
child
is
unnatural.
对自己的孩子残忍的母亲是不近人情的。
【迁移应用2】
完成句子
(1)我们不应该对动物残忍。
We
shouldn’t
be
animals.?
(2)他那无情的话太伤我的心了。
His
hurt
me
deeply.?
(3)他说那话真是狠心。
It
was
to
say
that.?
(4)他受到了残酷的对待。
He
was
treated
.?
cruel
to
cruel
remarks
cruel
of
him
with
cruelty
3People
who
fight
for
animal
rights
claim
that
these
animals
suffer
terrible
stress.
为动物权利而战的人声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。(P62)
【词汇精讲】在本句中claim用作动词,意为“声称;断言;主张”,还可以意为“需要;值得;索赔”。用作名词意为“声称;
(根据权力而提出的)要求”。
The
matter
claimed
our
serious
attention.
这件事需要我们认真注意。
Did
you
claim
on
the
insurance
after
your
car
accident?
出了车祸后,你向保险公司要求赔偿了吗?
The
government
would
not
even
consider
his
claim
for
money.
政府甚至不会考虑他的赔款要求。
He
set
up
a
claim
to
the
throne.
他自称王位是属于他的。
【词汇拓展】
make
a
claim
for 索款
claim
to
do
sth
声称要做某事
claim
to
have
done
sth
声称做了某事
claim
that... 声称……
claim
sth
back
要回某物;索回
She
claims
that
she
is
related
to
the
Queen.
她声称和女王有亲属关系。
You
can
claim
your
money
back
if
the
goods
are
damaged.
货物有损坏,可以要求退钱。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他应该可以要求把票价要回来。
He
should
be
able
to
of
the
ticket
back.?
单句语法填空
(2)The
victims
in
the
accident
made
a
claim
damages.?
claim
the
price
for
4To
sum
up,despite
producing
cheap
food,factory
farming
is
bad
for
the
planet
and
for
the
animals
themselves.
总之,尽管生产廉价的食物,工厂化养殖对地球和动物本身都是有害的。(P62)
【词汇精讲】在本句中sum用作动词,意为“概括,总结”,还可以用作名词,意为“金额,款项;总数”;sum
up在本句中意为“概括,总结”。
Huge
sums
have
been
invested
in
this
project.
在这个项目中投入了大量资金。
We
can
sum
up
the
main
point
of
the
lesson
in
three
sentences.
我们可以用三句话概括本课要点。
【词汇拓展】
(1)a
sum
of一笔
(2)表示“总结,概要”的短语还有:
in
summary
in
short
in
brief
in
conclusion
in
a/one
word
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)因此,概括地说,我们需要集中精力进行员工培训。
So,to
,we
need
to
concentrate
on
staff
training.?
(2)请把你刚才说的总结一下。
Please
what
you
said
just
now.?
(3)我得花一大笔钱才能把它弄回来。
I
had
to
spend
to
get
it
back.?
sum
up
sum
up
a
large
sum
of
money
5This
site
is
located
in
Qufu,Shandong
Province,and
is
a
memorial
to
Confucius.
这个遗址位于山东省曲阜市,是孔子的纪念地。(P65)
【词汇精讲】在本句中memorial
用作名词,意为“纪念馆;纪念碑;纪念仪式”;还可以用作形容词,意为“(对逝者)纪念的,追悼的”。
He
was
often
seen
at
funerals
and
memorials.
人们经常在葬礼和追悼会上见到他。
Several
international
celebrities
were
present
at
the
statesman’s
memorial
service.
好几位国际知名人士出席了这位政治家的追悼仪式。
【词汇拓展】
as
a
memorial 作为纪念
a
memorial
to
为……设的纪念碑
memory
n.
记忆
in
memory
of
纪念……
memorise
vt.
记住,背熟
She
set
up
an
educational
fund
in
memory
of
her
mother.
她为了纪念母亲而设立了一个教育基金。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)人们来到纪念馆纪念这位伟大的领袖。
People
came
to
in
memory
of
the
great
leader.?
(2)他将可纪念的大事记入日记中。
He
made
an
entry
of
the
in
his
diary.?
(3)一座10英尺高的木制松鼠雕塑被放置在大桥附近,以纪念建造者及其对工程的贡献。
A
ten-foot
wooden
squirrel
sculpture
was
placed
near
the
bridge
its
builder
and
his
devotion
to
the
project.?
the
memorial
memorial
events
in
memory
of
(4)为了抓住每一个学习英语的机会,他会边等客人边背单词。
To
seize
every
chance
to
study
English,he
would
while
waiting
for
customers.?
memorise
words
6There
are
narrow
alleys,
pretty
streams,
small
stone
bridges
and
houses
with
carved
doors
and
painted
windows.
这里有狭窄的小巷、美丽的溪流、小石桥和有雕花门和油漆过的窗子的房子。(P65)
【词汇精讲】在本句中carve用作动词,意为“雕,刻”。
The
statue
was
carved
out
of
marble.
这座雕像是用大理石雕刻的。
【词汇拓展】
carve
sth
from/out
of 用……雕刻……
carve
sth
into
将……雕刻成……
carve
sth
out
用辛勤的劳动创造出……
She
carved
out
a
name
for
herself
as
a
reporter.
她靠苦干而成了有名的记者。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)他用一块木头雕刻了一个娃娃。
He
a
block
of
wood.?
(2)他将那块石头雕成人形。
He the
figure
of
a
man.?
(3)在工程业方面,他孜孜以求地为自己赢得了声誉。
He
a
name
for
himself
in
the
engineering
business.?
carved
a
doll
from
carved
the
stone
into
carved
out
7Jiuzhaigou
Valley
Scenic
and
Historic
Interest
Area九寨沟风景名胜区(P65)
【词汇精讲】scenic用作形容词,意为“景色优美的”。
There
is
a
scenic
route
across
the
Alps.
穿越阿尔卑斯山有一条风景优美的路径。
【词汇拓展】
scene
n. 现场;景色
on
the
scene
在现场;当场;在台上
behind
the
scenes
在幕后;暗中
appear/come
on
the
scene
出场;登场
They
went
abroad
for
a
change
of
scene.
他们出国换换环境。
By
the
time
I
came
on
the
scene,it
was
all
over.
我到场时,一切都结束了。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)事故发生后记者们很快就赶到了现场。
Reporters
were
soon
after
the
accident.?
(2)在幕后,双方都在努力达成协议。
,both
sides
are
working
towards
an
agreement.?
(3)一条风景优美的路线穿过迷人的风景区,景色宜人。
A
route
goes
through
attractive
scenery
and
has
nice
views.?
on
the
scene
Behind
the
scenes
scenic
重点句式
1Up
to
2019,there
are
55
world
heritage
sites
in
China,which
has
the
same
number
of
sites
as
Italy.
截至2019年,中国共有55处世界遗产,数量与意大利相当。(P65)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句,定语从句中含有一个the
same...as...的短语。
This
is
the
same
pen
as
I
lost
yesterday.
这支钢笔与我昨天丢的一模一样。
【句式拓展】
the
same...as,the
same...that
一般用as表示同类事物,用that表示同一事物。
This
is
the
same
pen
that
I
lost
yesterday.
这正是我昨天丢的那支钢笔。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这就是我丢的那块表。
This
is
I
lost.?
(2)他很生气,因为我和他的分数一样。
He
is
angry
because
my
marks
his.?
the
same
watch
that
are
the
same
as
2The
building
that
people
visit
most
is
the
Temple
of
Confucius.人们参观最多的建筑是孔庙。(P65)
【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词building。
【句式拓展】
先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词,如果关系词在定语从句中作状语,则用关系副词;若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则用关系代词。比较:
This
is
the
factory
where
I
want
to
work.
这就是我想工作的工厂。(work为不及物动词,where在定语从句中用作状语)
This
is
the
factory
that
I
want
to
visit.
这就是我想参观的工厂。(visit为及物动词,that用作visit的宾语)
The
reason
why
he
can’t
come
is
that
he
is
ill.
他没来的原因是他病了。(come为不及物动词,why在定语从句中用作状语)
The
reason
that
he
came
up
with
yesterday
is
very
important.
他昨天提出的理由很重要。(come
up
with为及物动词短语,that在定语从句中用作其宾语)
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这就是我上周参观的学校。
This
is
the
school
last
week.?
(2)我和我的家人在欧洲旅行的那一周是难忘的。
That
week
with
my
family
travelling
in
Europe
is
unforgettable.?
that
I
visited
that
I
spent
3At
the
ball,Mathilde
is
the
most
elegant
and
graceful
woman
there,smiling
and
happy.
在舞会上,玛蒂尔德是最漂亮、最优雅的女人,她面带微笑,十分开心。(P72)
【句式剖析】句中smiling
and
happy是形容词作伴随状语。
The
Eagles
went
home
angry
and
bitter
because
they
did
not
win
the
tournament.
老鹰队因为没有赢得锦标赛而愤愤不平地回了家。
【句式拓展】
形容词(短语)在句中作状语可以用来表示原因、时间、伴随等,说明主语所处的状态。
She
sat
there,
silent.
她坐在那儿,默不作声。(形容词作状语,表示主语所处的状态)
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这些男孩子因为高兴和兴奋,又喊又唱。
,the
boys
were
shouting
and
singing.?
(2)受伤的司机被困在受损的小车里,无法动弹。
The
injured
driver
was
stuck
in
the
damaged
car, .?
Happy
and
excited
unable
to
move
随堂练习
Ⅰ.课文语篇填空
In
the
last
few
years,environmental
disasters
(become)more
and
more
common.Terrible
floods
and
storms
are
getting
worse
and
worse
everywhere
and
(reduce)rainfall
brings
about
more
severe
droughts.Volcanic
(eruption)
and
earthquakes
are
often
the
case.Overpopulation
is
the
main
reason. top
of
that,global
warming
and
the
(destroy)of
the
world’s
forests
contribute
a
lot
to
it.Of
course,landslides
and
earthquakes
have
an
important
role
(play)
in
it.Homes
built
from
materials
that
could
be
found
can
easily
have
become
reduced
eruptions
On
destruction
to
play
whatever
collapse
during
earthquakes
or
landslides,
(especial)
after
heavy
rain.Most
disaster
experts
believe,if
we
don’t
take
immediate
action,things
could
get
lot
worse.For
example,we
haven’t
seen
the
(bad)
result
of
eruption.?
especially
a
worst
Ⅱ.概要写作
根据P72-73课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Mathilde
Loisel
was
a
beautiful
woman
but
lives
a
miserable
life.She
dreamed
of
being
part
of
the
upper
class.(要点1)
Invited
to
a
ball,she
had
to
borrow
a
beautiful
diamond
necklace
from
her
friend.She
was
the
centre
of
the
ball,but
unfortunately,she
lost
the
necklace
and
had
to
buy
a
similar
one
to
return
to
her
friend
in
huge
debt.(要点2)
She
worked
hard
to
pay
off
the
debt
in
the
next
years.(要点3)
Finally,she
came
across
her
friend
one
day
and
the
latter
told
her
the
necklace
she
had
lost
was
only
costume
jewellery
worth
only
five
hundred
francs.(要点4)
本课结束
