(共105张PPT)
过去完成时：
（过去的过去）
?构成：
had
+过去分词。
过去完成时主要用于表示两个事件中一个发生在前，或者说是表示较早的过去。
when、after
、before等也常与过去完成时连用，以强调事件发生的先后次序。
Grammars
She
went
on
holiday
after
she
had
taken
the
exam.
?After
he
had
came
home,he
went
back
to
work
.
?We
had
had
dinner
before
they
arrived.
?The
patient
had
died
when
the
doctor
arrived.
When
I
arrived
at
the
train
station
,
the
train
had
already
gone
.
两个事件都发生在过去，如果哪个在前发生用过去完成时表示，哪个在后用一般过去时表示
本课当中出现before和after
引导的时间状语从句
before+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时
e.g.
The
film
had
already
begun
before
I
came
back.
after
+
过去完成时，
主句用一般过去时
e.g.
He
left
the
room
after
he
had
turned
off
the
light
.
总结：过去完成时态
1.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。即发生在“过去的过去”。
2.过去完成时常用by，before等引导的介词短语或壮语从句来表示，可以是用when，before，after等引导的时间状语从句。
3.过去完成时的构成:
主语+had+p.p.（过去分词
）
now
A
B
tomorrow
yesterday
Let’s
learn
turned
off
the
light
went
to
bed
after
She
went
to
bed
after
she
turned
off
the
light.
had
She
bought
some
food.
She
cooked
the
food.
She
cooked
the
food
after
she
had
bought
some
food.
after
ran
away
arrived
before
Before
the
policeman
arrived,
the
thief
run
away.
had
washed
her
hands
ate
dinner
She
ate
dinner
_____she
washed
her
hands.
______
she
ate
dinner,
she
washed
her
hands.
after
before
after
Before
had
had
He
arrived
at
the
station.
The
train
left.
She
ran
to
the
platform.
Before
he
_______at
the
station,
the
train_______.
When
she____
to
the
platform,
the
train________.
arrived
had
left
ran
had
left
They
made
the
cakes.
They
ate
them.
After
they
had
made
the
cakes,
they
ate
them.
They
had
made
the
cakes
before
they
ate
them.
He
painted
the
house.
He
moved
in.
He
had
painted
the
house
before
he
moved
in.
He
moved
in
the
house
after
he
had
painted
it.
用动词的适当形式填空
I
asked
the
price
of
the
car,
but
they
_________
(sell
)
it.
She___________
(clean)
the
room
before
she
went
out.
We__________
(
have
)
dinner
before
they
arrived.
She
went
on
holiday
after
she
__________(
take
)
the
exam.
He
went
home
after
he__________
(
see
)
the
film
.
After
she__________
(make
)
the
dumplings,
we
ate
them.
By
the
time
of
last
term,
the
boy
___________(
learn
)2000
words.
She________
(be)
to
many
cities
by
the
time
she
was
ten.
had
sold
had
cleaned
had
had
had
taken
had
seen
had
made
had
learned
had
been
Revision:
Lesson119-120
Grammar:
Past
perfect
tense(过去完成时)
三、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较
二、过去完成时与现在完成时的比较
一、过去完成时
(
)1.
Mr
LuXun
died
in
1936.
He
_______
a
lot
of
famous
novels.
A.
wrote
B.
was
writing
C.
has
written
D.
would
write
(
)2.
---
How
was
your
weekend
on
the
farm?
---
Great!
We
_______
with
the
farmers.
A.
enjoy
ourselves
B.
went
fishing
C.
will
work
D.
make
friends
(
)3.
---
What
did
Mr
Jones
do
before
he
moved
here?
---
He
_______
a
city
bus
for
over
twenty-five
years.
A.
is
driving
B.
drove
C.
has
driven
D.
drives
(
)4.
He
turned
off
the
light
and
then
_______.
A.
leaves
B.
has
left
C.
will
leave
D.
left
Revision:
Lesson119-120
Exercises:
Revision:
Lesson119-120
Exercises:
(
)
5.
Father
usually
______
his
newspaper
after
dinner.
A.
read
B.
reads
C.
reading
D.
is
reading
(
)6.Look!
The
boy
______
with
his
mother
in
the
pool.
A.
is
swiming
B.
is
swimming
C.
are
swimming
D.
are
swiming
(
)
7.
It’s
ten
o’clock
and
Jack
______
still(仍然)
______
his
homework.
A.
is,
do
B.
is,
doing
C.
are,
do
D.
are,
doing
(
)8.
Does
your
mother
______
English
now?
A.
teaches
B.
teach
C.
taught
D.
is
teaching
(
)9.
I’ll
go
swimming
with
you
if
I
_____
free
tomorrow.
A.
will
be
B.
shall
be
C.
am
D.
was
(
)10.
---
Jimmy
is
leaving
for
a
holiday.
---
Really?
Where
_______
he
_______?
A.
has;
gone
B.
will;
go
C.
did;
go
D.
would;
go
(
)11.
Frank
_______
to
see
his
grandma
if
he
_______
free
tomorrow.
A.
will
come;
will
be
B.
comes;
is
C.
will
come;
is
D.
comes;
will
be
(
)12.
Jane
has
_____
to
BeiJing.
She
will
come
back
tomorrow.
A.
been
B.
gone
C.
went
D.
never
been
Revision:
Lesson119-120
Exercises:
Revision:
Lesson119-120
Exercises:
(
)13.--Who
will
go
to
the
station
to
meet
Lorry?
--I
will.
I
_____
her
several
times.
A.
met
B.
have
met
C.
had
met
D.
will
meet
(
)14.
--____
you
ever
____
to
the
US?
--
Yes,
twice.
A.
Have,
gone
B.
Have,
been
C,
Do,
go
D.
were,
going
(
)15.When
I
reached
home,
my
parents
__________their
supper.
A.are
having
B.have
already
had
C.have
had D.
had
already
had
(
)16.We
_________the
work
by
six
yesterday
evening.
A.
finished
B.would
finish
C.
had
finished
D.
had
been
finished
Lesson
121
The
man
in
a
hat.
Lesson
122
Who(whom),
which
and
that.
Lesson
121
custom
er
customer
风俗
for
get
forget
忘记就是为了得到。
manage
r
manager
serve
re
cog
吻合，一致
nize(无意义）
recognize
又吻合了，所以我才认出来。
road
Unit
61
Key
words＆expressions
1.
Customer
['k?st?m?]
n.?顾客
?
custom
风俗
?
?
customs
海关
有顾客customer的地方,肯定就有
shop
assistant
/waiter/waitress
guest
旅馆的旅客
passenger
乘客
a
regular
customer
老顾客
顾客至上
Customer
is
god.
Key
words＆expressions
2.
forget
[f?‘get]
v.忘记(forgot/
forgotten)
forget
to
do
忘记要做…
forget
doing
sth
忘记已经做过…
??大家感受一下这两个句子：
??①I
forget
to
send
an
email
to
him.
(忘记要发邮件，邮件还没发)
??②I
forget
sending
an
email
to
him.（忘记已经发过了，邮件已经发出了）
反义词
remember
Don’t
forget
to
lock
the
door.
I
forgot
cleaning
the
table,
so
I
cleaned
it
again.
forget
to
do
sth.
（未做）
forget
doing
sth.
（已做）
remember
to
do记得做某事（还没做）
remember
doing记得做过某事（已经做了）
Do
you
remember
seeing
me
in
Wuhan?
Oh,
I
can’t
remember.
I
remember
to
see
an
old
friend
in
Wuhan.But
not
you.
Key
words＆expressions
3.
manager
['m?nid??]
n.
经理
sales
manager
销售经理
General
Manager
总经理
He
is
our
manager.
manage
['m?nid?]
v.
管理
manage
a
company
经营公司
阿里巴巴
雅虎中国
马云
搜狐
张朝阳
微软
盛大
唐骏
谷歌
李开复
腾讯
QQ之父
马化腾
manager
n.经理
manage
v.
控制；管理；成功做……
manage
to
do
sth.
成功的做了某事
He
is
our
manager.
Key
words＆expressions
4．serve
[s?:v]
v.
（1）服务；接待；侍候：
Are
you
being
served,
sir?
先生，有人为您服务吗？
（2）供给；摆出（食物或饮料等）：
What
time
is
breakfast
served
in
this
hotel?
这个饭店里什么时候供给早餐？
（3）为……服务
The
old
cook
has
served
the
family
for
30
years.
这位老厨师已为这家干了30年了。
service
['s?:vis]
n.
那家餐馆的服务很差。The
service
in
that
restaurant
is
poor.
a
charge
for
service
服务费
他做园艺工人。
He
served
as
a
gardener.
Key
words＆expressions
5.counter
['kaunt?]
n.
柜台
at
the
jewelry
counter
checkout
counter
在珠宝部
付帐柜台
Key
words＆expressions
6．recognize
['rek?ɡnaiz]
v.
（1）认出；熟悉：
I
recognize
him
now.
我现在认出他来了。
（2）承认；确认：
他不承认自己犯下了大错。
He
didn’t
recognize
that
he
had
made
a
big
mistake.
recognize
v.认识
我现在认出他来了。
I
recognize
him
now.
刘烨
Key
words＆expressions
customer
n.
顾客
forget
v.
忘记
manager
n.
经理
serve
v.
照应，服务，
接待
counter
n.
柜台
recognize
v.
认出
Did
Caroline
recognize
this
man?
And
why?
Yes,
she
did.
Because
he
wore
his
hat
again.
Questions
on
the
text
Why
didn't
Caroline
recognize
the
customer
straight
away?
⑵
⑴
⑶
⑷
⑸
Language
points
1.
I
bought
two
expensive
dictionaries
here
half
an
hour
ago,
but
I
forgot
to
take
them
with
me.
take
sth
with
sb
把某物带走
我去那个村庄的时候我随身带了一些药。
I
took
some
medicine
with
me
when
I
went
to
the
village.
take
sb
sth
=
take
sth
to
sb
把某物拿去给某人
I’ll
take
some
presents
to
my
friends
in
Beijing.
=
I’ll
take
my
friends
in
Beijing
some
presents.
dictionary
later
Language
points
2.Who
served
you,
sir?
The
lady
who
is
standing
behind
the
counter.
served是serve的过去式，“服务”
我会全心全意为人民服务的。
I’ll
serve
the
people
with
heart
and
soul.
定语从句
Language
points
3.Which
books
did
you
buy?
The
books
which
are
on
the
counter.
which
指在一定范围内的哪个（些）
which
既可用来指人，又可用来指物
定语从句
哦~~~~
Language
points
4.
Did
you
serve
this
gentleman
half
an
hour
ago,
Caroline?
He
says
he’s
the
man
who
bought
these
books.
间接引语
定语从句
Language
points
5.
I
can’t
remember.
The
man
who
I
served
was
wearing
a
hat.
wear
穿（表示状态）
put
on
穿上(强调动作)
定语从句
是吗？
Language
points
6.
Have
you
got
a
hat,
sir?
Yes,
I
have.
Would
you
put
it
on,
please?
All
right.
Would
you…?
请你…好吗？
All
right=OK.表示“好吧，行”
也可表示（身体）好，无恙
That’s
all
right.表示“没有关系”，用于回答sorry.
That’s
all.表示“就这些了”。
That’s
right.表示“对了，说得对”。
do
you
have
a
hat
CUSTOMER:
I
bought
two
expensive
dictionaries
here
half
and
hour
ago,
but
I
forgot
to
take
them
with
me.
MANAGER:?
Who
served
you,
sir?
CUSTOMER:
The
lady
who
is
standing
behind
the
counter.
MANAGER:?
Which
books
did
you
buy?
CUSTOMER:
The
books
which
are
on
the
counter.
MANAGER:?
Did
you
serve
this
gentleman
half
an
hour
ago,
Caroline?
He
says
he's
the
man
who
bought
these
books.
CAROLINE:
I
can't
remember.
The
man
who
I
served
was
wearing
a
hat.
MANAGER:?
Have
you
got
a
hat,
sir?
CUSTOMER:
Yes,
I
have.
MANAGER:?
Would
you
put
it
on,
please?
CUSTOMER:
All
right.
MANAGER:?
Is
this
the
man
that
you
served,
Caroline?
CAROLINE:
Yes.
I
recognize
him
now.
The
lady
who
is
standing
behind
the
counter.
The
books
which
are
on
the
counter.
He
says
he's
the
man
who?bought
these
books.
The
man
who
I
served
was
wearing
a
hat.
Is
this
the
man
that
you
served,
Caroline?
定语从句（一）关系代词
The
man
who
I
served
was
wearing
a
hat.
The
man
was
wearing
a
hat.
I
served
the
man.
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。“……的”
The
man
who
I
served
was
wearing
a
hat.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
主句
that指人或物，
在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略
They’re
talking
about
the
film.
I
have
seen
the
film.
They’re
talking
about
the
film
(that)
I’ve
seen.
I
showed
him
the
letter.
I
received
it
this
morning.
I
showed
him
the
letter
(which)
I
received
this
morning.
e.g.2.
I’m
not
interested
in
the
book
which
has
just
been
published.
e.g.1
which
指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
The
apple
is
mine.
The
apple
is
mine.
The
apple
is
yours.
The
apple
is
small.
The
apple
is
big.
?
which
is
red
which
is
green
which
is
red
which
is
green
3，who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语（口语），做宾语时可省略
The
man
who
is
shaking
hands
with
my
father
is
a
policeman.
The
man
is
a
police
man.
He
is
shaking
hands
with
my
father.
whom
指人，在句子中做宾语，不能做主语，常可省略。
The
man
(whom)
you
met
just
now
is
my
father.
The
woman
(whom)
she
is
talking
with
is
my
sister.
whose
指人或物，在从句中作定语。先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（…的）
物：
whose
+n.=of
which
+the
+n.=the
+n.+of
which
人：
whose
+n.=of
whom
+the
+n.=
the
+n.+
of
whom
The
room,
of
which
the
window
faces
south
is
mine.
The
girl
whose
father
had
given
us
a
report
got
first.
关系词
先行词所指
关系词在从句中作用
关系
代词
that
人
/
物
主语、宾语
which
物
主语、宾语
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
主语、宾语
whose
人
/
物
定语
(whose
+
n.)
The
use
of
the
relative
pronoun
(关系代词)
例
1.
The
man
__________
gave
you
the
talk
yesterday
is
our
teacher.
that/who
指人:
that/who
(主语)
例2:
The
boy_________________
the
nurse
is
looking
after
is
my
friend.
(who/whom/that)
指人:
who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)
例4:
The
question_______________
I
don’t
understand
is
about
grammar.
(that/which)
指物:
that/which
(宾语,可省略)
例3:
The
car________________
is
red
was
damaged
yesterday.
that/which
指物:
that/which
(主语)
例5.
Yesterday
she
talked
with
one
woman
____
husband
died
in
that
accident.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
of
which
D.
that
B
关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“…的”
定义：在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词是先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
定语从句要由关联词：关系代词who,
whom,
that，which或关系副词when,
where等引导。
The
student
who
answered
the
question
was
peter.
回答问题的那个学生叫Peter.
Grammars
How
is
it
formed?
被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，
定语从句常跟在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
The
lady
who
is
standing
behind
the
counter.
Why
is
it
used
in
the
sentence?
The
lady
served
me.
She
is
standing
behind
the
counter.
The
lady
who
is
standing
behind
the
counter
served
me.
站在柜台后的那位女士接待我的。
antecedent
先行词
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“The
man”、“The
book”。如“那个穿着西装的人是我爸爸”这就是一个定语从句。
The
man
who
wears
the
suit
is
my
dad.
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
who,
whom,
that用来指人
这些词代替指人，“whom”作宾语指人，"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。在从句中所起作用如下：
（1）Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you?
他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
（2）He
is
the
man
whom/
that
I
saw
yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
（3）The
man
whom
you
spoke
to
just
now
is
our
English
teacher.
你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。
which、that
用来指物
(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略），例如：
（1）The
cups
(which
/
that)
are
on
the
shelf
are
pretty.
（which
/
that在从句中作主语）
（2）He
has
found
the
key
(which
/
that)
he
lost
yesterday.（which
/
that在从句中作宾语）
Example
1:
She
is
the
girl.
She
met
me
yesterday.
She
is
the
girl
who
met
me
yesterday.
Example
2
This
is
the
book.
I
bought
it
yesterday.
This
is
the
book
which
I
bought
yesterday.
Practise
She
is
the
girl.
I
met
her
yesterday.
I
am
the
person
.
I
wrote
to
you.
穿着红色连衣裙的那个女人是我妈妈。
这是我昨天买的那块手表。
1.The
boy
who
is
standing
under
the
tree
is
my
brother.
2.The
woman
who
wears
a
red
dress
is
my
mother.
3.This
is
the
watch
which
I
bought
yesterday.
正站在树下的那个男孩儿是我哥哥。
关系代词who,
whom的用法
二者都用于指人。who在定语从句中做主语，宾语都可以。whom在定语从句中只能做宾语。
Eg.
1.
他是来自美国的那个男孩。
He
is
the
boy
who
comes
from
America
.
2.
她是每天读英语的那个女孩
She
is
the
girl
who
reads
English
every
day.
3.
他是住在隔壁的那个男子。
He
is
the
man
who
lives
next
door.
看图翻译句子
正在跑步的那个人是刘翔。
The
man
is
Liuxiang.
The
man
who
is
running
is
Liuxiang.
正在玩儿电脑的那个人是我的老板。
The
man
is
my
boss.
The
man
who
is
playing
computer
games
is
my
boss.
关系代词which的用法
关系代词which一般用来指物，即当先行词是物时，关系词要选则which.which既可以做主语也可以做宾语
This
is
the
book
which
you
are
looking
for.
这是你正在找的那本书。
The
bike
which
is
in
the
garden
is
Lily’s.
在花园里那辆自行车是Lily的。
The
TV
show
which
I
watched
yesterday
is
very
interesting.
我昨天看的那个电视节目非常有趣。
关系词that的用法：
关系词that既可以用来指人，也可以用来指物。
即当先行词无论是人或是物的时候都可以用that。
1.The
man
____
came
this
morning
had
a
funny
face.
2.I
don’t
like
the
house______
he
lives
in.
3.This
is
the
bridge
_____
he
built
last
year.
4.I
don’t
know
the
man___________she
is
talking
to.
5.Did
you
buy
the
car
______
he
likes
very
much?
that
that
that
that
that
练习：用适当的关系词填空
1.The
man
____
came
this
morning
had
a
funny
face.
2.I
don’t
like
the
house______
he
lives
in.
3.This
is
the
bridge
_____
he
built
last
year.
4.I
don’t
know
the
man___________she
is
talking
to.
5.Did
you
buy
the
car
______
he
likes
very
much?
6.The
boy
__________
she
is
looking
after
is
her
brother.
7.Do
you
know
the
cinema
_____
near
the
bus-stop?
8.The
nurse
___________we
are
talking
about
speaks
English
well.
9.The
book
______
you
want
to
buy
is
not
very
good.
10.The
doctor
__________
she
called
yesterday
is
my
father.
who
which
which
who/whom
which
who/whom
which
who/whom
which
who/whom
关系词只能用that的情况
当先行词既是人又是物时
，关系代词只能选that
He
is
looking
at
the
children
and
the
bags
that
his
daughter
brought
here.
Do
you
know
the
things
and
the
persons
that
you
are
talking
about?
The
teachers
and
the
schools
that
you
visited
last
month
are
very
good.
当先行词有序数词来修饰时，
关系词必须用that
You
are
the
first
person
____I
want
to
see.
This
is
the
second
book
____
I
bought
this
week.
He
is
the
first
person_____
arrived
at
the
finishing
line.
that
that
that
Lesson
122
Now
open
your
books,
let's
do
the
exercises.
homework
1.
背121课-122课单、短、句。
2.
L121-122课单、短、句5遍，错词5111，家长签字
3.
L121-122课练习册。
4.
预习L123课
。
See
you
next
week!!
This
is
the
computer
which
I
bought
three
days
ago.
This
is
the
television
which
I
bought
a
month
ago.
He
is
the
man
who
came
here
last
week.
She
is
a
nurse
who
looked
after
me.
I’m
talking
about
the
actor
that
we
saw
in
a
film
last
week.
I
saw
a
film
which
is
on
the
Roxy
Cinema.
I
rang
the
doctor
who
lives
on
the
corner
of
our
street.
I’m
going
to
buy
the
television
that
you
can
buy
on
instalments.
I
want
to
speak
to
the
boy
who
served
yesterday.
