专题06 完形填空之夹叙夹议-五年（2017-2021）高考英语真题分项详解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06
完形填空之夹叙夹议
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21教育名师原创作品
Simply
saying
than
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)k
you
doesn't
seem
enough
in
certain
situations.
I
was
considering
this
while
working
as
a
___41___
just
a
few
weeks
ago.
And
it
came
to
me
then
how
much
easier
it
would
be
if
we
had
a
range
of
words
that
express
different
___42___
of
gratitude(感谢).
My
thoughts
wer
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
soon
___43___.
We
had
a
woman
patient
who
was
___44___
from
a
knee
replacement
operation.
One
afternoon,
while
___45___
to
get
into
bed
she
collapsed(倒下)
from
what
was
___46___
discovered
to
be
a
heart
attack.
The
collapse
was
disastrous,
___47___the
emergency
medical
team
and
good
teamwork.
But
she
recovered,
though
___48___,
and
was
ready
for
discharge(出院)after
four
weeks.
She
was
___49___
for
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)everything
that
the
medical
and
nursing
team
had
done
for
her.
On
her
day
of
discharge,
we
shared
in
her
_____50_____
at
her
recovery.
As
she
was
_____51_____
she
was
eager
to
say
_____52_____
to
each
of
us
in
the
nursing
team.
When
she
_____53_____
one
nurse,
she
tried
to
press
a
five-pound
note
into
her
hand.
My
colleague
_____54_____
to
accept
it,
saying
that
we
were
all
just
_____55_____
our
job.
The
patient
looked
puzzled,
and
then
_____56_____:“Oh
this
isn't
for
the_____57_____
I
had.
I
take
that
as
a
_____58_____.
No,
this
is
for
setting
my
hair
yesterday.”
And
there
you
have
it
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
To
many
people,_____59_____lives
is
part
of
the
job
but
styling
hair
is
an
_____60_____
and
should
be
rewarded.
41.
A.
cleaner
B.
chemist
C.
nurse
D.
doctor
42.
A.
grades
B.
meanings
C.
needs
D.
expectations
43.
A.
brush
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
aside
B.
put
to
the
test
C.
brought
under
discussion
D.
taken
into
account
44.
A.
departing
B.
escaping
C.
retiring
D.
recovering
45.
A.
attempting
B.
choosing
C.
pausing
D.
promising
46.
A.
eventually
B.
fortunately
C.
casually
D.
secretly
47.
A.
assessing
B.
requiring
C.
forming
D.
proving
48.
A.
slightly
B.
accidentally
C.
slowly
D.
happily
49.
A.
grateful
B.
thoughtful
C.
sorrowful
D.
fearful
50
A.
surprise
B.
delight
C.
curiosity
D.
disappointment
51.
A.
operating
B.
thinking
C.
hesitating
D.
leaving
52.
A.
sorry
B.
hello
C.
goodbye
D.
yes
53.
A.
reached
B.
consulted
C.
introduced
D.
persuaded
54.
A.
wished
B.
pretended
C.
failed
D.
refused
55.
A.
enjoying
B.
doing
C.
securing
D.
starting
56.
A.
repeated
B.
recited
C.
replied
D.
reported
57.
A.
courage
B.
patience
C.
duty
D.
care
58.
A.
goal
B.
given
C.
push
D.
greeting
59.
A.
risking
B.
changing
C.
saving
D.
building
60.
A.
honour
B.
ability
C.
opening
D.
extra
2.（2021年1月浙江卷）Last
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
year
I
decided
to
do
some
volunteer
work.
I
began
to
6
on
the
Internet
and
discovered
Volunteer
USA．Three
months
later
I
7
myself
on
a
plane
to
Phoenix,
Arizona.
I
was
8
at
the
thought
of
living
with
loads
of
new
people
for
three
months.
However,
within
fifteen
minutes
of
9
,
my
worries
had
gone.
Everyone
was
so
10
and
like-minded
that
it
was
very
11
to
feel
at
home.
I
was
sent
to
the
Coro
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nado
National
Forest
for
my
first
8-day
12
.
We
had
to
13
everything
we
needed
and
walk
three
miles
to
where
we
worked.
It
may
not
seem
like
a
14
way
but
in
35℃
heat
and
with
a
heavy
pack,
my
legs
were
on
fire.
My
job
was
to
1
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)5
a
stairway
out
of
rock.
This
16
climbing
up
and
down
the
side
of
a
mountain
inhabited
(栖息)
by
mountain
lions,
although
I
should
say
they
were
only
heard,never
17
.
Three
days
later,
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
beautiful
stairway
came
into
being.
The
18
of
knowing
that
my
19
will
be
on
that
mountainside
for
years
to
come
is
massive.
But
on
the
last
night
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)we
were
20
in
a
thunderstorm.
I
woke
up
at
midnight
to
find
a
swimming
pool
in
my
tent.
The
temperature
was
close
to
21
.
I
had
to
spend
the
rest
of
the
night
trembling
in
the
only
22
part
of
my
tent.
23
,
I
suffered
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
lot.
But
I
know
whatever
I
have
to
face
in
my
life
I
was
there
and
I
24
.
I
think
I
am
much
25
for
having
taken
part
in
the
project.
6．A．calculate
B．negotiate
C．advertise
D．research
7．A．imagined
B．introduced
C．enjoyed
D．found
8．A．annoyed
B．surprised
C．scared
D．excited
9．A．arriving
B．sleeping
C．thinking
D．walking
10．A．confident
B．friendly
C．energetic
D．curious
11．A．funny
B．good
C．lucky
D．easy
12．A．tour
B．project
C．campaign
D．course
13．A．drop
B．make
C．carry
D．buy
14．A．nice
B．safe
C．long
D．quick
15．A．build
B．test
C．clean
D．guard
16．A．helped
B．ended
C．allowed
D．meant
17．A．hunted
B．trained
C．seen
D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction
B．ambition
C．expectation
D．intention
19．A．work
B．memory
C．record
D．story
20．A．left
B．caught
C．attacked
D．separated
21．A．boiling
B．average
C．normal
D．freezing
22．A．tidy
B．dry
C．new
D．soft
23．A．By
the
way
B．R
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)egardless
of
that
C．Needless
to
say
D．In
either
case
24．A．survived
B．resisted
C．escaped
D．recovered
25．A．smarter
B．stronger
C．happier
D．busier
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since
our
twin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
began
learning
to
walk，
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.
The
___41___
is
obvious.
If
we
___42___
it
is
a
door，
they’ll
want
to
go
outside
___43___.
It
will
drive
us
crazy.
The
kids
apparently
know
the
___44___.
But
our
insisting
it’s
___45___
a
window
has
kept
them
from
___46___
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.
I
hate
lying
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
the
kids.
One
day
they’ll
___47___
and
discover
that
everything
they’ve
always
known
about
windows
is
a
___48___.I
wonder
if
___49___
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
____50____.
I
have
a
very
strong
____51____
that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
____52____
damage
to
our
children.
Windows
and
doors
have
____53____
metaphorical(比喻)
meanings.
I’m
telling
them
they
can’t
open
what
they
absolutely
know
is
a
door.
What
if
later
in
____54____
they
come
to
a
metaphorical
door，
like
an
opportunity(机会)
of
some
sort，
and
____55____
opening
the
door
and
taking
the
opportunity，
they
just
____56____
it
and
wonder，
＂What
if
it
isn’t
a
door?＂
That
is，
＂What
if
it
isn’t
a
____57____
opportunity?＂
Maybe
it’s
an
unrea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sonable
fear.
But
the
____58____
is
that
I
shouldn’t
lie
to
my
kids.
I
should
just
____59____
repeatedly
having
to
say，
＂No.
We
can’t
go
outside
now.＂
Then
when
they
come
to
other
doors
in
life，
be
they
real
or
metaphorical，
they
won’t
____60____
to
open
them
and
walk
through.
41.
A.
relief
B.
target
C.
reason
D.
case
42.
A.
admit
B.
believe
C.
mean
D.
realize
43.
A.
gradually
B.
constantly
C.
temporarily
D.
casually
44.
A.
result
B.
danger
C.
method
D.
truth
45.
A.
merely
B.
slightly
C.
hardly
D.
partly
46.
A.
reviewing
B.
approving
C.
receiving
D.
attempting
47.
A.
win
out
B.
give
up
C.
wake
up
D.
stand
out
48.
A.
dream
B.
lie
C.
fantasy
D.
fact
49.
A.
parents
B.
twins
C.
colleagues
D.
teachers
50
A.
restrictions
B.
explanations
C.
differences
D.
consequences
51.
A.
demand
B.
fear
C.
desire
D.
doubt
52.
A.
physical
B.
biological
C.
spiritual
D.
behavioral
53.
A.
traditional
B.
important
C.
double
D.
original
54.
A.
life
B.
time
C.
reply
D.
history
55.
A.
by
com
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)parison
with
B.
in
addition
to
C.
regardless
of
D.
instead
of
56.
A.
get
hold
of
B.
stare
at
C.
knock
on
D.
make
use
of
57.
A.
real
B.
Typical
C.
similar
D.
limited
58.
A.
safety
rule
B.
comfort
zone
C.
bottom
line
D.
top
secret
59.
A.
delay
B.
regret
C.
enjoy
D.
accept
60.
A.
hurry
B.
decide
C.
hesitate
D.
intend
2.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21·世纪
教育网
As
s
businesswo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)man，
I
care
deeply
about
my
customers.
But
like
anyone
for
whom
you
feel
affection，
___41___
can
also
drive
you
mad.
They’ll
come
rushing
in，
___42___their
handbag’s
been
stolen.
They’ll
___43___
that
they
left
it
in
the
changing
room，
create
havoe
(混乱)
and
then
___44___
it
had
been
in
their
car
all
the
time.
They’ll
have
out
half
the
___45___
in
the
shop，
and
want
the
only
style
you
don’t
have
left
in
a
___46___
colour.
I
do
know
how
upset
the
shop
staff
can
get，
but
I
try
to
persuade
them
to
keep
___47___.
I
remember
the
fi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rst
really
___48___
customer
we
had
at
Covent
Garden.
She
was.
___49___
absolutely
everything，
nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
____50____
that
she
became
a
“regular”.
After
a
while，
she
____51____
for
the
way
she
behaved
at
the
beginning.
She
had
split
up
with
her
husband
the
week
before，
was
living
in
a
flat
____52____，
and
since
she’d
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with
(应对)，
she’d
taken
it
out
on
____53____
people.
That
taught
me
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
valuable
____54____
and
I
pass
it
on
to
the
people
who
____55____
in
the
market.
Don’t
take
it
____56____.
If
a
customer
is
rude
or
difficult，
just
think
“Maybe
she’s
had
a
row
with
her
husband.
Maybe
her
child’s
not
____57____.”
Always
water
it
down
and
don’t
let
your
ego
(自我)
get
____58____.
If
you
do，
you
won’
be
able
to
____59____
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
____60____
everyone’s
day.
41.
A.
shopkeepers
B.
customers
C.
salespersons
D.
receptionists
42.
A.
saying
B.
pretending
C.
guessing
D.
replying
43.
A.
agree
B.
promise
C.
imagine
D.
swear
44.
A.
forget
B.
decide
C.
discover
D.
assume
45.
A.
foods
B.
catalogues
C.
belongings
D.
goods
46.
A.
particular
B.
different
C.
matching
D.
natural
47.
A.
fighting
B.
smiling
C.
waiting
D.
changing
48.
A.
generous
B.
polite
C.
careless
D.
difficult
49.
A.
curious
ab
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)out
B.
displeased
with
C.
patient
with
D.
uncertain
about
50.
A.
relaxed
B.
delighted
C.
surprised
D.
embarrassed
51.
A.
searched
B.
argued
C.
prayed
D.
apologized
52.
A.
by
chance
B.
by
herself
C.
on
purpose
D.
on
duty
53.
A.
rude
B.
such
C.
other
D.
lonely
54.
A.
lesson
B.
trick
C.
skill
D.
trade
55.
A.
work
B.
shop
C.
meet
D.
quarrel
56.
A.
kindly
B.
secretly
C.
personally
D.
casually
57.
A.
ready
B.
away
C.
up
D.
well
58.
A.
out
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
sight
B.
in
the
way
C.
behind
the
scene
D.
above
the
law
59.
A.
stress
B.
expect
C.
handle
D.
blame
60.
A.
ruins
B.
makes
C.
starts
D.
saves
3.（2020·江苏卷）Bei
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
good
at
something
and
having
a
passion
for
it
are
not
enough.
Success
___36___
fundamentally
on
our
view
of
ourselves
and
of
the
____37____
in
our
lives.
When
twelve-year-old
J
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ohn
Wilson
walked
into
his
chemistry
class
on
a
rainy
day
in
1931，
he
had
no
___38___
of
knowing
that
his
life
was
to
change
____39____.
The
class
experiment
that
day
was
to
____40____
how
heating
a
container
of
water
would
bring
air
bubbling
(冒泡)
to
the
surface.
____41____，
the
container
the
teacher
gave
Wilson
to
heat
____42____
held
something
more
volatile
(易挥发的)
than
water.
When
Wilson
heated
it，
the
container
___43___，
leaving
Wilson
blinded
in
both
eyes.
When
Wilson
ret
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)urned
home
from
hospital
two
months
later，
his
parents
____44____
to
find
a
way
to
deal
with
the
catastrophe
that
had
______45______
their
lives.
But
Wilson
did
not
regard
the
accident
as
______46______.
He
learned
braille
(盲文)
quickly
and
continued
his
education
at
Worcester
College
for
the
Blind.
There，
he
not
only
did
well
as
a
student
but
also
became
a(n)______47______
public
speaker.
Later，
he
worked
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
in
Africa，
where
many
people
suffered
from
______48______
for
lack
of
proper
treatment.
For
him，
it
was
one
thing
to
_____49_____
his
own
fate
of
being
blind
and
quite
another
to
allow
something
to
continue
_____50_____
it
could
be
fixed
so
easily.
This
moved
him
to
action.
And
tens
of
millions
in
Africa
and
Asia
can
see
because
of
the
______51______
Wilson
made
to
preventing
the
______52______.
Wilson
received
seve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ral
international
______53______
for
his
great
contributions.
He
lost
his
sight
but
found
a
_____54_____.
He
proved
that
it’s
not
what
happens
to
us
that
______55______
our
lives-it’s
what
we
make
of
what
happens.
36.
A.
depends
B.
holds
C.
keeps
D.
reflects
37.
A.
dilemmas
B.
accidents
C.
events
D.
steps
38.
A.
way
B.
hope
C.
plan
D.
measure
39.
A.
continually
B.
gradually
C.
gracefully
D.
completely
40.
A.
direct
B.
show
C.
advocate
D.
declare
41.
A.
Anyway
B.
Moreover
C.
Somehow
D.
Thus
42.
A.
mistakenly
B.
casually
C.
amazingly
D.
clumsily
43.
A.
erupted
B.
exploded
C.
emptied
D.
exposed
44.
A.
deserved
B.
attempted
C.
cared
D.
agreed
45.
A.
submitted
to
B.
catered
for
C.
impressed
on
D.
happened
to
46.
A.
fantastic
B.
extraordinary
C.
impressive
D.
catastrophic
47.
A.
accomplished
B.
crucial
C.
specific
D.
innocent
48.
A.
deafness
B.
depression
C.
blindness
D.
speechlessness
49.
A.
decide
B.
abandon
C.
control
D.
accept
50.
A.
until
B.
when
C.
unless
D.
before
51.
A.
opposition
B.
adjustments
C.
commitment
D.
limitations
52.
A.
preventable
B.
potential
C.
spreadable
D.
influential
53.
A.
scholarships
B.
rewards
C.
awards
D.
bonuses
54.
A.
fortune
B.
recipe
C.
dream
D.
vision
55.
A.
distinguishes
B.
determines
C.
claims
D.
limits
4.（2020·天津卷）阅读下面短文，
掌握其大意，
然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，
选出最佳选项。【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
Detective
Ashley
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Jones
works
at
a
police
department
in
England.
He
has
recently
made
a
significant___16___-
-loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes，
but
it
can
be___17___in
a
clever
way.
The___18___?
Chat
benches.【版权所有：21教育】
Jones
got
the
idea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)after
he
had
talked
with
an
elderly
lady
who
had
been
cheated
of
her___19___.
The
lady
would
get
a
call
from
a
stranger
every
morning
who
___20___made
her
believe
that
he
was
her
friend，
and
then
she
lent
him
about
“f
31，000
.
Jones
was___21___
when
she
said
that
she
didn’t
actually___22___
being
cheated.
“Otherwise，
1would
never
speak
to
another
person
for
weeks
on
end，”
she
said.
This
led
Jones
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
conclusion
that
there
are
too
many
extremely
___23___
people
in
his
community，
who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating.
So
he___24___
to
do
something
about
it.
He_____25_____
the
police
department
to
allow
him
to
_____26_____
a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.
Then
he
hung
a
colorful
sign
on
each
of
the
benches
that_____27_____:”HAPPY
TO
CHAT.
“Just
a
few
days
after
the
signs
went
up，
he
found
people
sitting
there
and
engaging
in
active
and_____28_____
conversations.
The
idea
is
cat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ching
on_____29_____There
are
now
over
40
chat
benches
throughout
England.
More
new
chat
benches
have
sprung
up
across
the
UK
and
beyond.
All
who
participated
have
gained
a(n)_____30_____
outcome
from
getting
involved.
Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
_____31_____-the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help_____32_____
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
This
effort
is
not
j
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ust
a(n)
_____33_____
at
being
community
minded-
-it’s
also
a
_____34_____
measure.
It
prevents
people
who
are
cut
off
from
society
falling
victim
to
cheaters.
The
Chat
Bench
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
a
fantastic
new
project
that_____35_____
those
of
all
ages
to
interact
and
get
to
know
each
other
in
the
future.
16.
A.
choice
B.
discovery
C.
visit
D.
promise
17.
A.
experienced
B.
suffered
C.
prevented
D.
felt
18.
A.
solution
B.
puzzle
C.
excuse
D.
intention
19.
A.
pleasure
B.
prize
C.
credit
D.
money
20.
A.
eventually
B.
frequently
C.
previously
D.
occasionally
21.
A.
ashamed
B.
shocked
C.
excited
D.
amused
22.
A.
mind
B.
forgive
C.
risk
D.
enjoy
23.
A.
active
B.
lonely
C.
cautious
D.
stubborn
24.
A.
learned
B.
refused
C.
pretended
D.
decided
25.
A.
forced
B.
ordered
C.
convinced
D.
taught
26.
A.
put
away
B.
make
out
C.
tear
apart
D.
set
up
27.
A.
read
B.
claimed
C.
meant
D.
implied
28.
A.
formal
B.
joyful
C.
awkward
D.
crazy
29.
A.
randomly
B.
slowly
C.
quickly
D.
purposefully
30.
A.
positive
B.
disappointing
C.
correct
D.
embarrassing
31.
A.
realized
B.
examined
C.
discussed
D.
formed
32.
A.
break
down
B.
put
up
C.
keep
off
D.
take
out
33.
A.
glance
B.
attempt
C.
knock
D.
attack
34.
A.
heart-breaking
B.
risk-taking
C.
face-saving
D.
crime-cutting
35.
A.
forbids
B.
appoints
C.
encourages
D.
troubles
【2019年】
1.
【2019·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every
year
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bout
40，000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro，
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
They
___41___
with
them
lots
of
waste.
The
___42___
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers(冰川)are
disappearing，
changing
the
___43___
of
Kilimanjaro.www.21-cn-jy.com
Hearing
these
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
stories，
I’m
___44___
about
the
place
—
other
destinations
are
described
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.21
cnjy
com
However，
I
soo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
___45___
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
___46___
among
tons
of
rubbish.
I
find
a
___47___
mountain，
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.
The
environmental
challenges
are
___48___
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
___49___.
The
best
of
a
Kili
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)manjaro
___50___，
in
my
opinion，
isn’t
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are
___51___
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
___52___
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
___53___
go
through
five
ecosystems(生态系统)in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.
It
ends
abruptly
at
3，
000
meters，
___54___
lands
of
low
growing
plants.
Further
up，
the
weather
___55___
—
low
clouds
envelope
the
mountainsides，
which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.
I
___56___
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.
Above
4，
000
meters
is
the
highland
___57___:
gravel(砾石)，
stones
and
rocks.
___58___
you
climb
into
an
arctic-like
zone
with
___59___
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.
Does
Kilimanjaro
_
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)__60___
its
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace？I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.
41.
A.
keep
B.
mix
C.
connect
D.
bring
42.
A.
stories
B.
buildings
C.
crowds
D.
reporters
43.
A.
position
B.
age
C.
face
D.
name
44.
A.
silent
B.
skeptical
C.
serious
D.
crazy
45.
A.
discover
B.
argue
C.
decide
D.
advocate
46.
A.
equipment
B.
grass
C.
camps
D.
stones
47.
A.
remote
B.
quiet
C.
all
D.
clean
48.
A.
new
B.
special
C.
significant
D.
necessary
49.
A.
paying
off
B.
spreading
out
C.
blowing
up
D.
fading
away
50.
A.
atmosphere
B.
experience
C.
experiment
D.
sight
51.
A.
studied
B.
observed
C.
explored
D.
regarded
52.
A.
view
B.
quality
C.
reason
D.
purpose
53.
A.
scientists
B.
climbers
C.
locals
D.
officials
54.
A.
holding
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
B.
going
back
to
C.
living
up
to
D.
giving
way
to
55.
A.
changes
B.
clears
C.
improves
D.
permits
56.
A.
match
B.
imagine
C.
count
D.
add
57.
A.
village
B.
desert
C.
road
D.
lake
58.
A.
Obviously
B.
Easily
C.
Consequently
D.
Finally
59.
A.
permanent
B.
little
C.
fresh
D.
artificial
60.
A.
enjoy
B.
deserve
C.
save
D.
acquire
2.
【2019·江苏卷】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21·cn·jy·com
Wildlife
has
been
g
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)reatly
threatened
in
the
modem
age.
There
are
species(物种)that
are
___36___
every
day.
The
white-naped
crane
is
a
typical
example.
So
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
___37___
the
species
from
going
out
of
existence.
Chris
and
Tim
work
at
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
zoo，
helping
endangered
cranes
with
their
___38___.
Emma，
a
female
crane，
has
been
in
their
___39___
since
she
arrived
in
2004.
Born
at
an
intern
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ational
crane
foundation，
Emma
was
___40___
by
human
caretakers.
This
led
to
an
unexpected
___41___，
though
she
had
a
wonderful
time
there.
Emma
had
___42___
taken
herself
as
a
crane
and
become
deeply
attached
to
humans.
She
___43___
to
live
with
male
cranes，
and
even
had
a
___44___
for
killing
some
of
them，
which
made
it
___45___
for
her
to
become
a
mother.
___46___，
the
two
zo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)okeepers
didn’t
want
to
see
the
extinction(灭绝)of
this
precious
species.
With
their
patience
and
efforts，
they
successfully
developed
a
___47___
of
artificial
breeding(人工繁殖)and
natural
reproduction.
This
___48___
Emma
to
give
birth
to
five
baby
cranes.
The
two
keepers
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)re
proud
of
their
productive
work.
But
before
they
can
be
___49___，
more
efforts
must
be
made，
because
the
population
of
the
crane
in
the
wild
is
on
the
___50___，
and
many
other
species
appear
headed
toward
extinction.
___51___，
not
everyone
has
realized
that
wildlife
has
thoughts，
feelings，
and
most
importantly，
equal
rights
to
survive.
How
can
we
___52___
the
ever-widening
gap
that
separates
us
from
other
animals?
Chris
and
Tim
offered
us
the
___53___:
human
beings
took
it
for
granted
that
their
___54___
held
all
the
solutions，
but
maybe
their
hearts
can
be
a
better
___55___.
36.
A.
growing
B.
migrating
C.
competing
D.
disappearing
37.
A.
ban
B.
save
C.
split
D.
remove
38.
A.
abortion
B.
recreation
C.
reproduction
D.
administration
39.
A.
care
B.
eye
C.
mind
D.
story
40.
A.
found
B.
chosen
C.
raised
D.
seized
41.
A.
bonus
B.
consequence
C.
victory
D.
sacrifice
42.
A.
never
B.
always
C.
unluckily
D.
cheerfully
43.
A.
liked
B.
refused
C.
decided
D.
hesitated
44.
A.
gift
B.
skill
C.
concern
D.
reputation
45.
A.
illegal
B.
inspiring
C.
important
D.
impossible
46.
A.
Therefore
B.
Moreover
C.
However
D.
Instead
47.
A.
combination
B.
collection
C.
strategy
D.
system
48.
A.
forced
B.
forbade
C.
taught
D.
enabled
49.
A.
defeated
B.
grateful
C.
assured
D.
tolerant
50.
A.list
B.
rise
C.
agenda
D.
decline
51.
A.
In
contrast
B.
After
all
C.
By
the
way
D.
On
the
contrary
52.
A.
leave
B.
bridge
C.
open
D.
identify
53.
A.
course
B.
excuse
C.
answer
D.
reward
54.
A.
brains
B.
behaviors
C.
services
D.
projects
55.
A.
guide
B.
treat
C.
example
D.
companion
3.
【2019·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I
was
ready
to
pay
for
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
my
bananas
at
the
grocery
one
night，when
fear
seized
me.
My
wallet
was
gone.
I
could
only
have
left
it
on
the
G9
bus，which
was
now
speeding
in
the
dark
to
some______16______station.
The____17____momen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
was
quickly
followed
by
mental
math.
How
much
time
and
money
would
it
cost
to
replace
the_____18_____of
that
little
wallet？The
credit
cards，the
driver's
license，the
cash，all
lost
to
the
bus.
Two
hours
later，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)back
at
my
house，I
heard
a
knock
on
the
door.
My
husband
_____19_____it
while
I
was
on
the
phone
in
the
dining
room.
"Does
Jennifer
live
here？"
I
heard
a
lady
say.
In
my
husband's
hand
was
my
wallet，with
not
a
penny_____20_____.
She
left
before
I
could
____21____
make
it
to
the
door
to
offer
my
thanks.
After
sharin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)g
the
story
online，I
heard
from
someone，who
____22____
the
lady
as
Erin
Smith.
Without
___23___
，I
called
to
thank
her.
She
said
she
____24____
my
wallet
on
a
bus
seat.
She_____25_____that
going
to
a
stranger's
house
was
a
____26____
move，but
she
decided
to
take
the
chance.
"If
I
were
in
that
____27____
I
would
want
someone
to
try
to
find
me，"
she
said.21教育网
This
one
stranger
resp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)onded
beautifully
to
my
small
____28____
，but
she
actually
wasn't
the
only
one.
Right
after
Erin
____29____
my
wallet
on
the
bus，she
posted
a
picture
of
my
driver's
license
to
an
online
forum（论坛），trying
to
see
____30____
anyone
knew
me.
No
sooner
did
she
leave
my
doorstep
than
I
had
emails
from
two
women
whose
kids
go
to
my
son's
nursery
and
who
recognized
my
face.
I've
never
____31____
words
with
those
moms
beyond
small
tall，but
they
wanted
to
help.
I
read
that
people
are
more
divided
than
ever，but
that's
not
how
the
people
I_____32_____tend
to
act.
___33___，I
feel
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)blessed
someone
had
wanted
to
help
a
stranger.
Erin
had
gone
____34____what
almost
anyone
would
have
done，finding
my
house
on
a
bitterly
cold
night，and
for
that
I
was
extremely
____35____
.
16.
A.
accessible
B.
hidden
C.
unknown
D.
convenient
17.
A.
face-saving
B.
brain-washing
C.
eye-catching
D.
heart-stopping
18.
A.
parts
B.
contents
C.
details
D.
ingredients
19.
A.
ignored
B.
answered
C.
examined
D.
interrupted
20.
A.
missing
B.
returned
C.
remaining
D.
abandoned
21.
A.
still
B.
ever
C.
yet
D.
even
22.
A.
selected
B.
appointed
C.
identified
D.
defined
23.
A.
delay
B.
alarm
C.
regret
D.
invitation
24.
A.
moved
B.
placed
C.
opened
D.
spotted
25.
A.
disagreed
B.
complained
C.
calculated
D.
recommended
26.
A.
selfless
B.
risky
C.
slow
D.
personal
27.
A.
site
B.
direction
C.
situation
D.
atmosphere
28.
A.
crisis
B.
danger
C.
threat
D.
failure
29.
A.
got
ri
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
of
B.
made
use
of
C.
had
control
of
D.
took
possession
of
30.
A.
if
B.
where
C.
how
D.
when
31.
A.
recalled
B.
exchanged
C.
repeated
D.
whispered
32.
A.
encounter
B.
follow
C.
consult
D.
accompany
33.
A.
Going
away
B.
Turning
around
C.
Looking
back？
D.
Coming
along
34.
A.
into
B.
against
C.
over
D.
beyond
35.
A.
longing
B.
enthusiastic
C.
concerned
D.
grateful
【2018年】
1.【2018·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During
my
second
year
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
the
city
college，
I
was
told
that
the
education
department
was
offering
a
“free”
course，
called
Thinking
Chess，
for
three
credits.
I
41
the
idea
of
taking
the
class
because，
after
all，
who
doesn’t
want
to
42
a
few
dollars?
More
than
that，
I’d
always
wanted
to
learn
chess.
And，
even
if
I
weren’t
43
enough
about
free
credits，
news
about
our
44
was
appealing
enough
to
me.
He
was
an
international
grandmaster，
which
45
I
would
be
learning
from
one
of
the
game’s
46
.
I
could
hardly
wait
to
47
him.21cnjy.com
Maurice
Ashley
was
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)kind
and
smart，
a
former
graduate
returning
to
teach，
and
this
48
was
no
game
for
him;
he
meant
business.
In
his
introduction，
he
made
it
49
that
our
credits
would
be
hard-earned.
In
order
to
50
the
class，
among
other
criteria，
we
had
to
write
a
paper
on
how
we
plan
to
51
what
we
would
learn
in
class
to
our
future
professions
and，
52
，
to
our
lives.
I
managed
to
get
an
A
in
that
53
and
learned
life
lessons
that
have
served
me
well
beyond
the
54
.2·1·c·n·j·y
Ten
years
after
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
my
chess
class
with
Ashley，
I’m
still
putting
to
use
what
he
55
me:
“The
absolute
most
important
56
that
you
learn
when
you
play
chess
is
how
to
make
good
57
.
On
every
single
move
you
have
to
58
a
situation，
process
what
your
opponent
(对手)
is
doing
and
59
the
best
move
from
among
all
your
options.”
These
words
still
ring
true
today
in
my
60
as
a
journalist.
www-2-1-cnjy-com
41.
A.
put
forward
B.
jumped
at
C.
tried
out
D.
turned
down2-1-c-n-j-y
42.
A.
waste
B.
earn
C.
save
D.
pay
43.
A.
excited
B.
worried
C.
moved
D.
tired
44.
A.
title
B.
competitor
C.
textbook
D.
instructor
45.
A.
urged
B.
demanded
C.
held
D.
meant
46.
A.
fastest
B.
easiest
C.
best
D.
rarest
47.
A.
interview
B.
meet
C.
challenge
D.
beat
48.
A.
chance
B.
qualification
C.
honor
D.
job
49.
A.
real
B.
perfect
C.
clear
D.
possible
50.
A.
attend
B.
pass
C.
skip
D.
observe
51.
A.
add
B.
expose
C.
apply
D.
compare
52.
A.
eventually
B.
naturally
C.
directly
D.
normally21
cnjy
com
53.
A.
game
B.
presentation
C.
course
D.
experiment
54.
A.
criterion
B.
classroom
C.
department
D.
situation
55.
A.
taught
B.
wrote
C.
questioned
D.
promised
56.
A.
fact
B.
step
C.
manner
D.
skill
57.
A.
grades
B.
decisions
C.
impressions
D.
comments
58.
A.
analyze
B.
describe
C.
rebuild
D.
control
59.
A.
announce
B.
signal
C.
block
D.
evaluate
60.
A.
role
B.
desire
C.
concern
D.
behavior
2.【2018·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We
have
all
heard
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
how
time
is
more
valuable
than
money，
but
is
it
36
to
have
too
much?
I
37
back
in
hig
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)h
school
I
spent
most
of
my
day
at
school
since
I
also
38
a
team
sport.
By
the
time
I
got
home，
I
only
had
a
few
hours
to
do
my
homework，
and
I
had
to
do
it
___39____
When
I
got
into
coll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ege，
things
__40
.
I
suddenly
found
myself
out
of
class
before
noon
time.
Because
of
all
this
___41___
there
was
no
sense
of
___42____
to
do
my
school
work
immediately.
I
was
performing
this
action
of
waiting
until
it
later
became
43
.Once
that
happened，
I
just
kept
44
my
studying
further
and
further
back
in
my
day.
Then
I
got
to
the
point
where
I
was
45
really
late
at
night
to
get
my
work
alone.
One
day
I
46
a
former
classmate
of
mine
who
was
47
a
lot
of
money
running
a
sideline(副业).Since
his
regular
job
was
48
，I
asked
him
why
he
just
didn't
do
his
sideline
full-time.
He
said
without
the
job，
he
would
49
have
too
much
time
and
would
just
do
what
I
did
back
in
50
.He
said
that
if
he
51
the
job，
he
would
lose
his
52
to
work
and
succeed.
So，
try
53
your
time
with
other
work.
This
is
why
there
is
a
54
that
if
you
want
something
done，
ask
a
55
person
to
do
it.21世纪教育网版权所有
36.
A.
true
B.
fair
C.
strange
D.
possible
37.
A.
remember
B.
admit
C.
understand
D.
expect
38.
A.
watched
B.
loved.
C.
coached
D.
played
39.A.
at
last
B.
right
away
C.
of
course
D.
mattered
40.A.
happened
B.
repeated
C.
changed
D.
mattered
41.A.
extra
B
.difficult.
C.
valuable
D.
limited
42.A.
duty
B.
achievement
C
.urgency
D.
direction
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
43.A.
burden
B.
relief
C.
risk
D.
habit
44.
A.
pushing
B.
taking
C.
setting
D.
calling
45.
A.
hanging
out
B.
staying
up
C.
jogging
round
D.
showing
off
46.
A.
met
B.
helped
C.
treated
D.
hired
47.
A.
raising
B.
wasting
C.
demanding
D.
making【出处：21教育名师】
48.
A.
safe
B.
important
C.
boring
D.
rewarding
49.A.
luckily
B.
hardly
C.
hopefully
D.
simply
50.A.
childhood
B.
college
C.
town
D.
business
51.A.
quit
B.
found
C.
accepted
D.
kept
52.
A.
heart
B.
chance
C.
drive
D.
way
53.A.
saving
B.
filling
up
C.
giving
up
D.
trading
54.
A.
message
B.
story
C.
saying
D.
fact
55.
A.
careful
B.
busy
C.
reliable
D.
kind
【2017年】
【2017·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At
my
heaviest
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
I
weighed
370
pounds.
I
had
a
very
poor
relationship
with
food:
I
used
it
to
16
bad
feelings，
to
make
myself
feel
better，
and
to
celebrate.
Worried
about
my
health，
I
tried
many
different
kinds
of
17
but
nothing
worked.
I
came
to
believe
that
I
could
do
nothing
about
my
18
.
When
I
was
50，
my
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eight
problem
began
to
affect
me
19
.
I
didn’t
want
to
live
the
rest
of
my
life
with
this
20
weight
any
more.
That
year，
I
21
a
seminar
where
we
were
asked
to
create
a
project
that
would
touch
the
world.
A
seminar
leader
shared
her
22
story
—
she
had
not
only
125
lost
pounds，
but
also
raised
$25，000
for
homeless
children.
23
by
he
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
story，
I
created
the
As
We
Heal(痊愈)，
the
World
Heals
24
.
My
goal
was
to
lose
150
pounds
in
one
year
and
raise
$50，000
25
a
movement
founded
30
years
ago
to
end
hunger.
This
combination
of
healing
myself
and
healing
the
world
26
me
as
the
perfect
solution.
27
I
bega
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
my
own
personal
weight
program，
I
was
filled
with
the
fear
that
I
would
28
the
same
difficulties
that
beat
me
before.
While
the
29
hung
over
my
head，
there
were
also
signs
that
I
was
headed
down
the
right
30
.
I
sent
letters
to
everyone
I
knew，
telling
them
about
my
project.
It
worked
perfectly.
Donations
began
31
in
from
hundreds
of
people.
Of
course，
I
als
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
took
some
practical
steps
to
lose
weight.
I
consulted
with
a
physician（内科医生），
I
hired
a
fitness
coach，
and
I
began
to
eat
small
and
32
meals.
My
fund-raising
focus
also
gave
me
new
motivation
to
exercise
33
.
A
year
later，
I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
34
my
goal:
I
lost
150
pounds
and
raised
$50，000!
I
feel
that
I’ve
been
given
a
second
life
to
devote
to
something
that
is
35
and
enormous.
16.
A.
add
B.
mix
C.
kill
D.
share
17.
A.
diets
B.
drinks
C.
fruits
D.
dishes
18.
A.
height
B.
ability
C.
wisdom
D.
weight
19.
A.
tempo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rarily
B.
recently
C.
seriously
D.
secretly
20.
A.
ideal
B.
extra
C.
normal
D.
low
21.
A.
attended
B.
organized
C.
recommended
D.
mentioned
22.
A.
folk
B.
success
C.
adventure
D.
science
23.
A.
Surprised
B.
Amused
C.
Influenced
D.
Disturbed
24.
A.
project
B.
business
C.
system
D.
custom
25.
A.
in
search
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
B.
in
need
of
C.
in
place
of
D.
in
support
of
26.
A.
scared
B.
considered
C.
confused
D.
struck
27.
A.
As
B.
Until
C.
If
D.
Unless
28.
A.
get
over
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
run
into
C.
look
for
D.
put
aside
29.
A.
excitement
B.
joy
C.
anger
D.
fear
30.
A.
row
B.
hall
C.
path
D.
street
31.
A.
breaking
B.
flooding
C.
jumping
D.
stepping
32.
A.
heavy
B.
full
C.
expensive
D.
healthy
33.
A.
regularly
B.
limitlessly
C.
suddenly
D.
randomly
34.
A.
set
B.
reached
C.
missed
D.
dropped
35.
A.
stressful
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
painful
C.
meaningful
D.
peaceful
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06
完形填空之夹叙夹议
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply
saying
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nk
you
doesn't
seem
enough
in
certain
situations.
I
was
considering
this
while
working
as
a
___41___
just
a
few
weeks
ago.
And
it
came
to
me
then
how
much
easier
it
would
be
if
we
had
a
range
of
words
that
express
different
___42___
of
gratitude(感谢).
My
thoughts
were
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
soon
___43___.
We
had
a
woman
patient
who
was
___44___
from
a
knee
replacement
operation.
One
afternoon,
while
___45___
to
get
into
bed
she
collapsed(倒下)
from
what
was
___46___
discovered
to
be
a
heart
attack.
The
collapse
was
disastrous,
___47___the
emergency
medical
team
and
good
teamwork.
But
she
recovered,
though
___48___,
and
was
ready
for
discharge(出院)after
four
weeks.
She
was
___49___
for
everything
that
the
medical
and
nursing
team
had
done
for
her.
On
her
day
of
discharge,
we
shared
in
her
_____50_____
at
her
recovery.
As
she
was
_____51_____
she
was
eager
to
say
_____52_____
to
each
of
us
in
the
nursing
team.
When
she
_____53_____
one
nurse,
she
tried
to
press
a
five-pound
note
into
her
hand.
My
colleague
_____54_____
to
accept
it,
saying
that
we
were
all
just
_____55_____
our
job.
The
patient
looked
puzzled,
and
then
_____56_____:“Oh
this
isn't
for
the_____57_____
I
had.
I
take
that
as
a
_____58_____.
No,
this
is
for
setting
my
hair
yesterday.”
And
there
you
hav
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
it.
To
many
people,_____59_____lives
is
part
of
the
job
but
styling
hair
is
an
_____60_____
and
should
be
rewarded.
41.
A.
cleaner
B.
chemist
C.
nurse
D.
doctor
42.
A.
grades
B.
meanings
C.
needs
D.
expectations
43.
A.
brushed
aside
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)B.
put
to
the
test
C.
brought
under
discussion
D.
taken
into
account
44.
A.
departing
B.
escaping
C.
retiring
D.
recovering
45.
A.
attempting
B.
choosing
C.
pausing
D.
promising
46.
A.
eventually
B.
fortunately
C.
casually
D.
secretly
47.
A.
assessing
B.
requiring
C.
forming
D.
proving
48.
A.
slightly
B.
accidentally
C.
slowly
D.
happily
49.
A.
grateful
B.
thoughtful
C.
sorrowful
D.
fearful
50
A.
surprise
B.
delight
C.
curiosity
D.
disappointment
51.
A.
operating
B.
thinking
C.
hesitating
D.
leaving
52.
A.
sorry
B.
hello
C.
goodbye
D.
yes
53.
A.
reached
B.
consulted
C.
introduced
D.
persuaded
54.
A.
wished
B.
pretended
C.
failed
D.
refused
55.
A.
enjoying
B.
doing
C.
securing
D.
starting
56.
A.
repeated
B.
recited
C.
replied
D.
reported
57.
A.
courage
B.
patience
C.
duty
D.
care
58.
A.
goal
B.
given
C.
push
D.
greeting
59.
A.
risking
B.
changing
C.
saving
D.
building
60.
A.
honour
B.
ability
C.
opening
D.
extra
【答案】41.
C
42.
A
43.
B
44.
D
45.
A
46.
A
47.
B
48.
C
49.
A
50.
B
51.
D
52.
C
53.
A
54.
D
55.
B
56.
C
57.
D
58.
B
59.
C
60.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【41题】考查名词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A.
cleaner清洁工；B.
chemist化学家，药剂师；C.
nurse护士；D.
doctor医生。根据下文的“as
she
was
11
she
was
eager
to
say
12
to
each
of
us
in
the
nursing
team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【42题】考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A.
grades分数，级别，程度；B.
meanings意思；C.
needs需求；D.
expectations期待。根据上文的“simply
saying
thank
you
doesn’t
seem
enough
in
certain
situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
【43题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)法很快就进行了测验。A.
brushed
aside撇开；B.
put
to
the
test经受考验，接受……的考验；C.
brought
under
discussion在讨论中；D.
taken
into
account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
【44题】考查动词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A.
departing出发，离开；B.
escaping逃跑；C.
retiring退休；D.
recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
【45题】考查动词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A.
attempting试图，尝试；B.
choosing选择；C.
pausing暂停；D.
promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
【46题】考查副词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A.
eventually最后；B.
fortunately幸运地；C.
casually随意地；D.
secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【47题】考查动词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A.
assessing评估；B.
requiring需要；C.
forming形成；D.
proving证明。根据“the
collapse
was
disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【48题】考查副词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A.
slightly轻微地；B.
accidently意外地；C.
slowly缓慢地；D.
happily幸福地。根据上文的“the
collapse
was
disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
【49题】考查形容词词义
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A.
grateful感激的；B.
thoughtful体贴的；C.
sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D.
fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
【50题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A.
surprise惊喜；B.
delight喜悦；C.
curiosity好奇心；D.
disappointment失望。根据下文的“her
recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
【51题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A.
operating手术；B.
thinking思考；C.
hesitating犹豫；D.
leaving离开。根据上文的“on
her
day
of
discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【52题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A.
sorry抱歉；B.
hello你好；C.
goodbye再见；D.
yes同意。根据上文的“on
her
day
of
discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say
goodbye
to
sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
【53题】考查动词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A.
reached到达；B.
consulted咨询；C.
introduced介绍；D.
persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
【54题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A.
wished希望；B.
pretended假装；C.
failed失败；D.
refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we
were
all
just
13
our
job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
【55题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A.
enjoying享受；B.
doing做；C.
securing获得，保护；D.
starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
【56题】考查动词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A.
repeated重复；B.
recited背诵；C.
replied回答，回应；D.
reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。www.21-cn-jy.com
【57题】考查名词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A.
courage勇气；B.
patience耐心；C.
duty职责；D.
care照顾。根据下文的“No,
this
is
for
setting
my
hair
yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。21·世纪
教育网
【58题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A.
goal目标；B.
given该给的东西；C.
push推力；D.
greeting招呼。根据上文的“No,
this
is
for
setting
my
hair
yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
【59题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A.
risking冒险；B.
changing改变；C.
saving拯救，挽救；D.
building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【60题】考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A.
honour荣誉；B.
ability能力；C.
opening开口处；D.
extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To
many
people，
lives
is
part
of
the
job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
2.（2021年1月浙江卷）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Last
year
I
decided
to
do
some
volunteer
work.
I
began
to
6
on
the
Internet
and
discovered
Volunteer
USA．Three
months
later
I
7
myself
on
a
plane
to
Phoenix,
Arizona.
I
was
8
at
the
thought
of
living
with
loads
of
new
people
for
three
months.
However,
within
fifteen
minutes
of
9
,
my
worries
had
gone.
Everyone
was
so
10
and
like-minded
that
it
was
very
11
to
feel
at
home.
I
was
sent
to
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
Coronado
National
Forest
for
my
first
8-day
12
.
We
had
to
13
everything
we
needed
and
walk
three
miles
to
where
we
worked.
It
may
not
seem
like
a
14
way
but
in
35℃
heat
and
with
a
heavy
pack,
my
legs
were
on
fire.
My
job
was
to
15
a
stairway
out
of
rock.
This
16
climbing
up
and
down
the
side
of
a
mountain
inhabited
(栖息)
by
mountain
lions,
although
I
should
say
they
were
only
heard,never
17
.
Three
days
la
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ter,
a
beautiful
stairway
came
into
being.
The
18
of
knowing
that
my
19
will
be
on
that
mountainside
for
years
to
come
is
massive.
But
on
the
las
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
night
we
were
20
in
a
thunderstorm.
I
woke
up
at
midnight
to
find
a
swimming
pool
in
my
tent.
The
temperature
was
close
to
21
.
I
had
to
spend
the
rest
of
the
night
trembling
in
the
only
22
part
of
my
tent.
23
,
I
su
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ffered
a
lot.
But
I
know
whatever
I
have
to
face
in
my
life
I
was
there
and
I
24
.
I
think
I
am
much
25
for
having
taken
part
in
the
project.
6．A．calculate
B．negotiate
C．advertise
D．research
7．A．imagined
B．introduced
C．enjoyed
D．found
8．A．annoyed
B．surprised
C．scared
D．excited
9．A．arriving
B．sleeping
C．thinking
D．walking
10．A．confident
B．friendly
C．energetic
D．curious
11．A．funny
B．good
C．lucky
D．easy
12．A．tour
B．project
C．campaign
D．course
13．A．drop
B．make
C．carry
D．buy
14．A．nice
B．safe
C．long
D．quick
15．A．build
B．test
C．clean
D．guard
16．A．helped
B．ended
C．allowed
D．meant
17．A．hunted
B．trained
C．seen
D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction
B．ambition
C．expectation
D．intention
19．A．work
B．memory
C．record
D．story
20．A．left
B．caught
C．attacked
D．separated
21．A．boiling
B．average
C．normal
D．freezing
22．A．tidy
B．dry
C．new
D．soft
23．A．By
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)way
B．Regardless
of
that
C．Needless
to
say
D．In
either
case
24．A．survived
B．resisted
C．escaped
D．recovered
25．A．smarter
B．stronger
C．happier
D．busier
【答案】
6．D
7．D
8．C
9．A
10．B
11．D
12．B
13．C
14．C
15．A
16．D
17．C
18．A
19．A
20．B
21．D
22．B
23．C
24．A
25．B
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A.
calculate计算；B.
negotiate协商；C.
advertise登广告；D.
research研究。根据前文的“Last
year
I
decided
to
do
some
volunteer
work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A.
imagined想象；B.
introduced介绍；C.
enjoyed喜欢；D.
found发现。根据前文的“I
began
to_1_on
the
Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A.
annoyed烦恼的；B.
surprised惊讶的；C.
scared害怕的；D.
excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my
worries
had
gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A.
arriving到达；B.
sleeping睡觉；C.
thinking思考；D.
walking行走。根据“feel
at
home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.
confident自信的；B.
friendly友好的；C.
energetic活力的；D.
curious好奇的。根据后文“and
like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.
funny搞笑的；B.
good好的；C.
lucky幸运的；D.
easy容易的。根据
“that
like-minded”和“feel
at
home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A.
tour游览；B.
project项目；C.
campaign活动；D.
course课程。根据下文“for
having
taken
part
in
the
project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A.
drop掉下；B.
make制作；C.
carry携带；D.
buy购买。根据下文“with
a
heavy
pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A.
nice好的；B.
safe安全的；C.
long长的；D.
quick快的。根据前文“walk
three
miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是用岩石建一个阶梯。A.
build建造；B.
test测试；C.
clean清洁；D.
guard保卫。根据下文“climbing
up
and
down
the
side
of
a
mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A.
helped帮助；B.
ended结束；C.
allowed允许；D.
meant意味。根据“climbing
up
and
down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A.
hunted捕猎；B.
trained训练；C.
seen看到；D.
fed喂养。根据前文“although
I
should
say
they
were
only
heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A.
satisfaction满意；B.
ambition雄心；C.
expectation期待；D.
intention意图。根据上文的“a
beautiful
stairway
came
into
being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A.
work工作，作品；B.
memory回忆；C.
record记录；D.
story故事。根据上文的“My
job
was
to”“a
beautiful
stairway
came
into
being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A.
left离开；B.
caught捉住；C.
attacked袭击；D.
separated分离。根据下文“I
woke
up
at
midnight
to
find
a
swimming
pool
in
my
tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
21．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)度。A.
boiling煮沸的的；B.
average平均的；C.
normal正常的；D.
freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A.
tidy干净的；B.
dry干的；C.
new新的；D.
soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part
of
my
tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
23．考查介词短语词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A.
By
the
way顺便问一下；B.
Regardless
of
that尽管这样；C.
Needless
to
say
不用说；D.
In
either
case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
24．考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A.
survived生存；B.
resisted反抗；C.
escaped逃离，抓牢；D.
recovered恢复。根据上文“But
I
know
whatever
I
have
to
face
in
my
life
I
was
there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
25．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A.
smarter更聪明的；B.
stronger更强壮的；C.
happier更快乐的；D.
busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But
I
know
whatever
I
have
to
face
in
my
life
I
was
there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since
our
twins
began
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
learning
to
walk，
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.
The
___41___
is
obvious.
If
we
___42___
it
is
a
door，
they’ll
want
to
go
outside
___43___.
It
will
drive
us
crazy.
The
kids
apparently
know
the
___44___.
But
our
insisting
it’s
___45___
a
window
has
kept
them
from
___46___
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.
I
hate
lying
to
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
kids.
One
day
they’ll
___47___
and
discover
that
everything
they’ve
always
known
about
windows
is
a
___48___.I
wonder
if
___49___
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
____50____.
I
have
a
very
strong
____51____
that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
____52____
damage
to
our
children.
Windows
and
doors
have
____53____
metaphorical(比喻)
meanings.
I’m
telling
them
they
can’t
open
what
they
absolutely
know
is
a
door.
What
if
later
in
____54____
they
come
to
a
metaphorical
door，
like
an
opportunity(机会)
of
some
sort，
and
____55____
opening
the
door
and
taking
the
opportunity，
they
just
____56____
it
and
wonder，
＂What
if
it
isn’t
a
door?＂
That
is，
＂What
if
it
isn’t
a
____57____
opportunity?＂
Maybe
it’s
an
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nreasonable
fear.
But
the
____58____
is
that
I
shouldn’t
lie
to
my
kids.
I
should
just
____59____
repeatedly
having
to
say，
＂No.
We
can’t
go
outside
now.＂
Then
when
they
come
to
other
doors
in
life，
be
they
real
or
metaphorical，
they
won’t
____60____
to
open
them
and
walk
through.
41.
A.
relief
B.
target
C.
reason
D.
case
42.
A.
admit
B.
believe
C.
mean
D.
realize
43.
A.
gradually
B.
constantly
C.
temporarily
D.
casually
44.
A.
result
B.
danger
C.
method
D.
truth
45.
A.
merely
B.
slightly
C.
hardly
D.
partly
46.
A.
reviewing
B.
approving
C.
receiving
D.
attempting
47.
A.
win
out
B.
give
up
C.
wake
up
D.
stand
out
48.
A.
dream
B.
lie
C.
fantasy
D.
fact
49.
A.
parents
B.
twins
C.
colleagues
D.
teachers
50
A.
restrictions
B.
explanations
C.
differences
D.
consequences
51.
A.
demand
B.
fear
C.
desire
D.
doubt
52.
A.
physical
B.
biological
C.
spiritual
D.
behavioral
53.
A.
traditional
B.
important
C.
double
D.
original
54.
A.
life
B.
time
C.
reply
D.
history
55.
A.
by
co
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mparison
with
B.
in
addition
to
C.
regardless
of
D.
instead
of
56.
A.
get
hold
of
B.
stare
at
C.
knock
on
D.
make
use
of
57.
A.
real
B.
Typical
C.
similar
D.
limited
58.
A.
safety
rule
B.
comfort
zone
C.
bottom
line
D.
top
secret
59.
A.
delay
B.
regret
C.
enjoy
D.
accept
60.
A.
hurry
B.
decide
C.
hesitate
D.
intend
【答案】41.
C
42.
A
43.
B
44.
D
45.
A
46.
D
47.
C
48.
B
49.
A
50.
D
51.
B
52.
C
53.
B
54.
A
55.
D
56.
B
57.
A
58.
C
59.
D
60.
C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。21
cnjy
com
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)明显的。A.
relief安慰；
B.
target目标；C.
reason原因；D.
case情况。根据下文If
we
42
it
is
a
door，
they'll
want
to
go
outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A.
admit
承认；B.
believe相信；C.
mean意味着；D.
realize意识到。下文they'll
want
to
go
outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。21·cn·jy·com
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A.
gradually逐步地；B.
constantly不断地；C
temporarily临时地；D
casually随便地。根据下文I
should
just_59
repeatedly
having
to
say，
"No.
We
can't
go
outside
now.
"可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)道这个真相。A.
result结果；B.
danger危险；C.
method方法；D.
truth真相。下文But
our
insisting
it’s
45
a
window
has
kept
them
from
46
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意：但
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A.
merely只不过；B.
slightly轻微地；C.
hardly几乎不；D.
partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
46.考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A.
reviewing回顾；B.
approving赞成；C.
receiving收到；D.
attempting尝试。根据millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A.
win
out最后获得成功；B.
give
up放弃；C.
wake
up开始了解真相；D.
stand
out站出来。根据and
discover
that
everything
they've
always
known
about
windows
is
a
48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A.
dream梦想；B.
lie谎言；C.
fantasy幻想；D.
fact事实。根据I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A.
parents父母；B.
twins双胞胎；C.
colleagues同事；D.
teachers老师。根据下文to
our
children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A.
restrictions限制；B.
explanations解释；C.
differences差异；D.
consequences结果。根据they'll
want
to
go
outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.
demand要求；B.
fear害怕；C.
desire欲望；D.
doubt怀疑。根据that
the
lie
we're
telling
is
doing
52
damage
to
our
children.和Maybe
it's
an
unreasonable
fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.
physical身体的；B
biological生物的；C.
spiritual心灵的；D.
behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A.
traditional传统的；
B.
important重要的；C.
double双重的；D.
original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A.
life生活；B.
time时间；C.
reply回答；D.
history历史。根据Then
when
they
come
to
other
doors
in
life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
55.考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。
A.
by
comparison
with与……相比；B.
in
addition
to除……之外；C.
regardless
of不管；D.
instead
of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
56.考查动词短语辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A.
get
hold
of抓住；B.
stare
at凝视；C.
knock
on敲击（门、窗）；D.
make
use
of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
57.考查形容词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A.
real真的；B.
typical典型的；C.
similar相似的；D.
limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
58.考查名词短语词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A
safety
rule安全守则；B.
comfort
zone舒适带;
C.
bottom
line底线；D.
top
secret绝密的。根据I
shouldn't
lie
to
my
kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A.
delay推迟；B.
regret后悔；C.
enjoy享受；D.
accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A.
hurry匆忙；B.
decide决定；C.
hesitate犹豫；D.
intend打算。根据and
walk
through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
2.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As
s
businesswoma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n，
I
care
deeply
about
my
customers.
But
like
anyone
for
whom
you
feel
affection，
___41___
can
also
drive
you
mad.
They’ll
come
rushing
in，
___42___their
handbag’s
been
stolen.
They’ll
___43___
that
they
left
it
in
the
changing
room，
create
havoe
(混乱)
and
then
___44___
it
had
been
in
their
car
all
the
time.
They’ll
have
out
half
the
___45___
in
the
shop，
and
want
the
only
style
you
don’t
have
left
in
a
___46___
colour.
I
do
know
how
upset
the
shop
staff
can
get，
but
I
try
to
persuade
them
to
keep
___47___.
I
remember
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
first
really
___48___
customer
we
had
at
Covent
Garden.
She
was.
___49___
absolutely
everything，
nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
____50____
that
she
became
a
“regular”.
After
a
while，
she
____51____
for
the
way
she
behaved
at
the
beginning.
She
had
split
up
with
her
husband
the
week
before，
was
living
in
a
flat
____52____，
and
since
she’d
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with
(应对)，
she’d
taken
it
out
on
____53____
people.
That
taught
me
a
va
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)luable
____54____
and
I
pass
it
on
to
the
people
who
____55____
in
the
market.
Don’t
take
it
____56____.
If
a
customer
is
rude
or
difficult，
just
think
“Maybe
she’s
had
a
row
with
her
husband.
Maybe
her
child’s
not
____57____.”
Always
water
it
down
and
don’t
let
your
ego
(自我)
get
____58____.
If
you
do，
you
won’
be
able
to
____59____
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
____60____
everyone’s
day.
41.
A.
shopkeepers
B.
customers
C.
salespersons
D.
receptionists
42.
A.
saying
B.
pretending
C.
guessing
D.
replying
43.
A.
agree
B.
promise
C.
imagine
D.
swear
44.
A.
forget
B.
decide
C.
discover
D.
assume
45.
A.
foods
B.
catalogues
C.
belongings
D.
goods
46.
A.
particular
B.
different
C.
matching
D.
natural
47.
A.
fighting
B.
smiling
C.
waiting
D.
changing
48.
A.
generous
B.
polite
C.
careless
D.
difficult
49.
A.
curious
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
about
B.
displeased
with
C.
patient
with
D.
uncertain
about
50.
A.
relaxed
B.
delighted
C.
surprised
D.
embarrassed
51.
A.
searched
B.
argued
C.
prayed
D.
apologized
52.
A.
by
chance
B.
by
herself
C.
on
purpose
D.
on
duty
53.
A.
rude
B.
such
C.
other
D.
lonely
54.
A.
lesson
B.
trick
C.
skill
D.
trade
55.
A.
work
B.
shop
C.
meet
D.
quarrel
56.
A.
kindly
B.
secretly
C.
personally
D.
casually
57.
A.
ready
B.
away
C.
up
D.
well
58.
A.
out
of
si
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ght
B.
in
the
way
C.
behind
the
scene
D.
above
the
law
59.
A.
stress
B.
expect
C.
handle
D.
blame
60.
A.
ruins
B.
makes
C.
starts
D.
saves
【答案】41.
B
42.
A
43.
D
44.
C
45.
D
46.
A
47.
B
48.
D
49.
B
50.
C
51.
D
52.
B
53.
C
54.
A
55.
A
56.
C
57.
D
58.
B
59.
C
60.
A
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。【出处：21教育名师】
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A.
shopkeepers店主；B.
customers顾客；C.
salespersons售货员；
D.
receptionist接待员。根据上文I
care
deeply
about
my
customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。【版权所有：21教育】
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)进来，说手提包被偷了。A.
saying说；B.
pretending假装；C.
guessing猜测；D.
replying回答。结合后文their
handbag’s
been
stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A.
agree同意；B.
promise承诺；C.
imagine想象；D.
swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A.
forget忘记；B.
decide决定；C.
discover发现；D.
assume假设。结合后文it
had
been
in
their
car
all
the
time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.
foods食物；B.
catalogues目录；C.
belongings所有物；D.
goods商品。结合后文in
the
shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.
particular特别的；B.
different不同的；C.
matching相配的；D.
natural自然的。结合上文the
only
style
you
don't
have
left
in
a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A.
fighting打架；B.
smiling微笑；C.
waiting等待；D.
changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：我还记得我们在Covent
Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A.
generous慷慨的；B.
polite礼貌的；C.
careless粗心的；D.
difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing
was
right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.
curious
about好奇；B.
displeased
with对……不满意；C.
patient
with对……有耐心；D.
uncertain
about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing
was
right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.
relaxed放松的；B.
delighted高兴的；C.
surprised惊讶的；D.
embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)自己一开始的行为道歉。A.
searched搜索；B.
argued争论；C.
prayed祈祷；D.
apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize
for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
52.考查介词短语辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A.
by
chance偶然；B.
by
herself她独自地；C.
on
purpose故意地；D.
on
duty值班。结合上文She
had
split
up
with
her
husband
the
week
before，
was
living
in
a
flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A.
rude粗鲁的；B.
such这样的；C.
other其他的；D.
lonely寂寞的。结合上文since
she'd
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with，
she'd
taken
it
out
on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other
people“其他人”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A.
lesson课程，教训；B.
trick诡计；C.
skill技能；D.
trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A.
work工作；B.
shop购物；C.
meet会面；D.
quarrel争吵。结合后文in
the
market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意。A.
kindly亲切地；B.
secretly秘密地；C.
personally亲自地；D.
casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take
it
personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的孩子不太好。A.
ready迅速地；B.
away离开；C.
up向上；D.
well好地。根据上文Maybe
she’s
had
a
row
with
her
husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
58.考查介词短语辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A.
out
of
sight看不见；B.
in
the
way妨碍，挡道；C.
behind
the
scene幕后；D.
above
the
law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A.
stress强调；B.
expect期待；C.
handle处理；D.
blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A.
ruins毁灭；B.
makes制作；C.
starts开始；D.
saves拯救。结合上文the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
3.（2020·江苏卷）Being
g
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ood
at
something
and
having
a
passion
for
it
are
not
enough.
Success
___36___
fundamentally
on
our
view
of
ourselves
and
of
the
____37____
in
our
lives.
When
twelve-y
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ear-old
John
Wilson
walked
into
his
chemistry
class
on
a
rainy
day
in
1931，
he
had
no
___38___
of
knowing
that
his
life
was
to
change
____39____.
The
class
experiment
that
day
was
to
____40____
how
heating
a
container
of
water
would
bring
air
bubbling
(冒泡)
to
the
surface.
____41____，
the
container
the
teacher
gave
Wilson
to
heat
____42____
held
something
more
volatile
(易挥发的)
than
water.
When
Wilson
heated
it，
the
container
___43___，
leaving
Wilson
blinded
in
both
eyes.
When
Wilson
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eturned
home
from
hospital
two
months
later，
his
parents
____44____
to
find
a
way
to
deal
with
the
catastrophe
that
had
______45______
their
lives.
But
Wilson
did
not
regard
the
accident
as
______46______.
He
learned
braille
(盲文)
quickly
and
continued
his
education
at
Worcester
College
for
the
Blind.
There，
he
not
only
did
well
as
a
student
but
also
became
a(n)______47______
public
speaker.
Later，
he
worked
in
A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)frica，
where
many
people
suffered
from
______48______
for
lack
of
proper
treatment.
For
him，
it
was
one
thing
to
_____49_____
his
own
fate
of
being
blind
and
quite
another
to
allow
something
to
continue
_____50_____
it
could
be
fixed
so
easily.
This
moved
him
to
action.
And
tens
of
millions
in
Africa
and
Asia
can
see
because
of
the
______51______
Wilson
made
to
preventing
the
______52______.
Wilson
receive
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
several
international
______53______
for
his
great
contributions.
He
lost
his
sight
but
found
a
_____54_____.
He
proved
that
it’s
not
what
happens
to
us
that
______55______
our
lives-it’s
what
we
make
of
what
happens.
36.
A.
depends
B.
holds
C.
keeps
D.
reflects
37.
A.
dilemmas
B.
accidents
C.
events
D.
steps
38.
A.
way
B.
hope
C.
plan
D.
measure
39.
A.
continually
B.
gradually
C.
gracefully
D.
completely
40.
A.
direct
B.
show
C.
advocate
D.
declare
41.
A.
Anyway
B.
Moreover
C.
Somehow
D.
Thus
42.
A.
mistakenly
B.
casually
C.
amazingly
D.
clumsily
43.
A.
erupted
B.
exploded
C.
emptied
D.
exposed
44.
A.
deserved
B.
attempted
C.
cared
D.
agreed
45.
A.
submitted
to
B.
catered
for
C.
impressed
on
D.
happened
to
46.
A.
fantastic
B.
extraordinary
C.
impressive
D.
catastrophic
47.
A.
accomplished
B.
crucial
C.
specific
D.
innocent
48.
A.
deafness
B.
depression
C.
blindness
D.
speechlessness
49.
A.
decide
B.
abandon
C.
control
D.
accept
50.
A.
until
B.
when
C.
unless
D.
before
51.
A.
opposition
B.
adjustments
C.
commitment
D.
limitations
52.
A.
preventable
B.
potential
C.
spreadable
D.
influential
53.
A.
scholarships
B.
rewards
C.
awards
D.
bonuses
54.
A.
fortune
B.
recipe
C.
dream
D.
vision
55.
A.
distinguishes
B.
determines
C.
claims
D.
limits
【答案】36.
A
37.
C
38.
A
39.
D
40.
B
41.
C
42.
A
43.
B
44.
B
45.
D
46.
D
47.
A
48.
C
49.
D
50.
B
51.
C
52.
A
53.
C
54.
D
55.
B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情看法。A.
depends依靠；B.
holds握，持有；C.
keeps保持；D.
reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend
on：取决于。故选A。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A.
dilemmas进退两难的处境；B.
accidents意外事故；C.
events事，事件；D.
steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He
proved
that
it’s
not
what
happens
to
us
that
55
our
lives-it’s
what
we
make
of
what
happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what
happens(发生的事)。故选C。
38.考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A.
way方法，方式；B.
hope希望；C.
plan计划；D.
measure措施。John
Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39.考查副词词义辨析。句意：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A.
continually不断地；B.
gradually逐渐地；C.
gracefully优雅地；D.
completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A.
direct指导，引导；B.
show展示；C.
advocate提倡，倡导；D.
declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.
Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B.
Moreover而且；C.
Somehow不知怎么地；D.
Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
42.考查副词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A.
mistakenly错误地；B.
casually随意地；C.
amazingly令人惊奇地；D.
clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A.
erupted爆发，喷出；B.
exploded爆炸；C.
emptied腾空，掏空；D.
exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A.
deserved值得，应得，应受；B.
attempted视图，尝试；C.
cared关心，在乎；
D.
agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A.
submitted
to提交，服从……；B.
catered
for迎合；C.
impressed
on给……留下印象；D.
happened
to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A.
fantastic极好的；B.
extraordinary不同寻常的；C.
impressive给人深刻印象的；D.
catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his
parents
44
to
find
a
way
to
deal
with
the
catastrophe
that
had
45
their
lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A.
accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B.
crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C.
specific特定的，具体的；D.
innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not
only…but
also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A.
deafness聋，听力不佳；B.
depression沮丧；C.
blindness瞎；D.
speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And
tens
of
millions
in
Africa
and
Asia
can
see
because
of
the
51
Wilson
made
to
preventing
the
52
”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A.
decide决定；B.
abandon抛弃；C.
control控制；D.
accept接受。根据上文中的“But
Wilson
did
not
regard
the
accident
as
46
.
He
learned
braille(盲文)quickly
and
continued
his
education
at
Worcester
College
for
the
Blind.
There，
he
not
only
did
well
as
a
student
but
also
became
a(n)
47
public
speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A.
until直到；B.
when在……情况下，当……时候；C.
unless如果不；D.
before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。2·1·c·n·j·y
51考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A.
opposition反对；B.
adjustments调整，调节；C.
commitment奉献，投入；D.
limitations限制。根据前文中的“This
moved
him
to
action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great
contributions呼应。故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A.
preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B.
potential潜在的，有潜力的；C.
spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D.
influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A.
scholarships奖学金；B.
rewards奖励，回报；C.
awards奖，奖品；D.
bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)但找到了视野。A.
fortune运气，财富；B.
recipe食谱，秘诀；C.
dream梦，梦想；D.
vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A.
distinguishes区分，辨别；B.
determines决定；C.
claims宣称；D.
limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success
36
fundamentally
on
our
view
of
ourselves
and
of
the
37
in
our
lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
4.（2020·天津卷）阅读下面短文，
掌握其大意，
然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，
选出最佳选项。
Detective
Ashley
Jones
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
works
at
a
police
department
in
England.
He
has
recently
made
a
significant___16___-
-loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes，
but
it
can
be___17___in
a
clever
way.
The___18___?
Chat
benches.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
Jones
got
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
idea
after
he
had
talked
with
an
elderly
lady
who
had
been
cheated
of
her___19___.
The
lady
would
get
a
call
from
a
stranger
every
morning
who
___20___made
her
believe
that
he
was
her
friend，
and
then
she
lent
him
about
“f
31，000
.
Jones
was___21___
when
she
said
that
she
didn’t
actually___22___
being
cheated.
“Otherwise，
1would
never
speak
to
another
person
for
weeks
on
end，”
she
said.
This
led
Jones
to
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)conclusion
that
there
are
too
many
extremely
___23___
people
in
his
community，
who
are
easy
targets
of
cheating.
So
he___24___
to
do
something
about
it.
He_____25_____
the
police
department
to
allow
him
to
_____26_____
a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.
Then
he
hung
a
colorful
sign
on
each
of
the
benches
that_____27_____:”HAPPY
TO
CHAT.
“Just
a
few
days
after
the
signs
went
up，
he
found
people
sitting
there
and
engaging
in
active
and_____28_____
conversations.
The
idea
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)catching
on_____29_____There
are
now
over
40
chat
benches
throughout
England.
More
new
chat
benches
have
sprung
up
across
the
UK
and
beyond.
All
who
participated
have
gained
a(n)_____30_____
outcome
from
getting
involved.
Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
_____31_____-the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help_____32_____
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
This
effort
is
not
jus
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
a(n)
_____33_____
at
being
community
minded-
-it’s
also
a
_____34_____
measure.
It
prevents
people
who
are
cut
off
from
society
falling
victim
to
cheaters.
The
Chat
Bench
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
is
a
fantastic
new
project
that_____35_____
those
of
all
ages
to
interact
and
get
to
know
each
other
in
the
future.
16.
A.
choice
B.
discovery
C.
visit
D.
promise
17.
A.
experienced
B.
suffered
C.
prevented
D.
felt
18.
A.
solution
B.
puzzle
C.
excuse
D.
intention
19.
A.
pleasure
B.
prize
C.
credit
D.
money
20.
A.
eventually
B.
frequently
C.
previously
D.
occasionally
21.
A.
ashamed
B.
shocked
C.
excited
D.
amused
22.
A.
mind
B.
forgive
C.
risk
D.
enjoy
23.
A.
active
B.
lonely
C.
cautious
D.
stubborn
24.
A.
learned
B.
refused
C.
pretended
D.
decided
25.
A.
forced
B.
ordered
C.
convinced
D.
taught
26.
A.
put
away
B.
make
out
C.
tear
apart
D.
set
up
27.
A.
read
B.
claimed
C.
meant
D.
implied
28.
A.
formal
B.
joyful
C.
awkward
D.
crazy
29.
A.
randomly
B.
slowly
C.
quickly
D.
purposefully
30.
A.
positive
B.
disappointing
C.
correct
D.
embarrassing
31.
A.
realized
B.
examined
C.
discussed
D.
formed
32.
A.
break
down
B.
put
up
C.
keep
off
D.
take
out
33.
A.
glance
B.
attempt
C.
knock
D.
attack
34.
A.
heart-breaking
B.
risk-taking
C.
face-saving
D.
crime-cutting
35.
A.
forbids
B.
appoints
C.
encourages
D.
troubles
【答案】16.
B
17.
C
18.
A
19.
D
20.
A
21.
B
22.
A
23.
B
24.
D
25.
C
26.
D
27.
A
28.
B
29.
C
30.
A
31.
A
32.
A
33.
B
34.
D
35.
C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意:
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A.
choice选择；B.
discovery发现；C.
visit参观；D.
promise许诺。下文loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。
17.考查动词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?):他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A.
experienced经历；B.
suffered遭受；C.
prevented阻止；D.
felt
感觉。根据下文Chat
benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)？长椅上聊天。A.
solution解决方案；B.
puzzle谜；C.
excuse借口；D.
intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat
benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选A。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A.
pleasure快乐；B.
prize奖品；C.
credit信用；
D.
money钱。根据下文and
then
she
lent
him
about
?31，000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
20.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A.
eventually
最后；B.
frequently频繁地；C.
previously先前；D.
occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A.
ashamed羞愧的；B.
shocked震惊的；C.
excited兴奋的；D.
amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?):当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A.
mind介意；B.
forgive原谅；C.
risk冒险；D.
enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话
“Otherwise，
1would
never
speak
to
another
person
for
weeks
on
end，”
she
said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A.
active积极的；B.
lonely孤独的；C.
cautious小心的；
D.
stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。
24.考查动词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意:所以他决定做点什么。A.
learned学习；B.
refused拒绝；C.
pretended假装；D.
decided决定。下文He…the
police
department
to
allow
him
to…a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。www-2-1-cnjy-com
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A.
forced强迫；B.
ordered命令；C.
convinced说服；D.
taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选C。
26.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A.
put
away放好；B.
make
out辨认出；C.
tear
apart把……弄乱；D.
set
up设立。根据a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意:然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:“聊天愉快。”
A.
read写着；B.
claimed宣称；C.
meant意味；D.
implied暗示。根据”HAPPY
TO
CHAT.
“可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着……”应用动词read，故选A。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A.
formal正式的；B.
joyful愉快的；
C.
awkward尴尬的；D.
crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。
29.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)流行起来了。A.
randomly随便地；B.
slowly缓慢地；C.
quickly很快地；D.
purposefully有目的地。根据There
are
now
over
40
chat
benches
throughout
England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A.
positive积极的；B.
disappointing令人失望的；C.
correct正确的；D.
embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones'
idea
has
been
fully…-the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help…the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选A。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A.
realized实现；B.
examined检查；C.
discussed讨论；D.
formed形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。
32.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A.
break
down打破；
B.
put
up提供；C.
keep
off不接近；D.
take
out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知，“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A.
glance一瞥；
B.
attempt尝试；C.
knock敲打；D.
attack攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?):这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A.
heart-breaking令人心碎的；B.
risk-taking冒险的；C
face-saving顾全面子的；D.
crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneliness
is
a
serious
social
problem
that
can
contribute
to
depression
and
even
crimes以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选D。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A.
forbids禁止；B.
appoints任命；C.
encourages鼓励；D.
troubles麻烦。根据The
Chat
Bench
is
a
fantastic
new
project
以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知“聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选C。
【2019年】
1.
【2019·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every
year
about
40，00
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)0
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro，
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
They
___41___
with
them
lots
of
waste.
The
___42___
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers(冰川)are
disappearing，
changing
the
___43___
of
Kilimanjaro.
Hearing
these
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)stories，
I’m
___44___
about
the
place
—
other
destinations
are
described
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.
However，
I
soon
__
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)_45___
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
___46___
among
tons
of
rubbish.
I
find
a
___47___
mountain，
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.
The
environmental
challenges
are
___48___
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
___49___.
The
best
of
a
Kilim
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)anjaro
___50___，
in
my
opinion，
isn’t
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are
___51___
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
___52___
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
___53___
go
through
five
ecosystems(生态系统)in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.
It
ends
abruptly
at
3，
000
meters，
___54___
lands
of
low
growing
plants.
Further
up，
the
weather
___55___
—
low
clouds
envelope
the
mountainsides，
which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.
I
___56___
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.
Above
4，
000
meters
is
the
highland
___57___:
gravel(砾石)，
stones
and
rocks.
___58___
you
climb
into
an
arctic-like
zone
with
___59___
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.
Does
Kilimanjaro
___60___
its
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace？I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.
41.
A.
keep
B.
mix
C.
connect
D.
bring
42.
A.
stories
B.
buildings
C.
crowds
D.
reporters
43.
A.
position
B.
age
C.
face
D.
name
44.
A.
silent
B.
skeptical
C.
serious
D.
crazy
45.
A.
discover
B.
argue
C.
decide
D.
advocate
46.
A.
equipment
B.
grass
C.
camps
D.
stones
47.
A.
remote
B.
quiet
C.
all
D.
clean
48.
A.
new
B.
special
C.
significant
D.
necessary
49.
A.
paying
off
B.
spreading
out
C.
blowing
up
D.
fading
away
50.
A.
atmosphere
B.
experience
C.
experiment
D.
sight
51.
A.
studied
B.
observed
C.
explored
D.
regarded
52.
A.
view
B.
quality
C.
reason
D.
purpose
53.
A.
scientists
B.
climbers
C.
locals
D.
officials
54.
A.
holdi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
on
to
B.
going
back
to
C.
living
up
to
D.
giving
way
to
55.
A.
changes
B.
clears
C.
improves
D.
permits
56.
A.
match
B.
imagine
C.
count
D.
add
57.
A.
village
B.
desert
C.
road
D.
lake
58.
A.
Obviously
B.
Easily
C.
Consequently
D.
Finally
59.
A.
permanent
B.
little
C.
fresh
D.
artificial
60.
A.
enjoy
B.
deserve
C.
save
D.
acquire
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。21教育网
41.D
【解析】考查动词辨析。A.
ke
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ep保持；B.
mix混合；C.
connect联系；D.
bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots
of
waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。
42.C
【解析】考查名词辨
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)析。A.
stories故事；B.
buildings建筑物；C.
crowds人群；D.
reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40，000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。
43.
C【解析】考查名词
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)辨析。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C.
face外貌；D.
name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。
44.
B【解析】考查形容词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
silent
沉默的；B.
skepetical怀疑的；C.
serious严肃的；D.
crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be
skepetical
about“对……怀疑”符合句意。故B选项切题。
45.
A【解析】考查动词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
discover发现；B.
argue争论；C.
decide决定；D.
advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much
has
changed
”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。
46.
C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.eq
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uipment装备
；B.
grass
草C.
camps
营地；D.
stone石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at
camps
”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
47.
D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A.
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)emote遥远的；B.
quiet安静的C.
tall高的;
D.
clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with
tolilet
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。
48.
C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
new新的；B.
special特殊的；C.
significant相当大的；D.
necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。
49.A
【解析】考查动词短语
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)辨析。A.
paying
off还清，报偿；B.spreading
out伸展；C.
blowing
up爆炸；D.
fading
away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。
50.B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
atmosphere氛围；B.
experience经历；C.
experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。
51.D
【解析】考查动词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
studied学习；B.
observed观察；C.
explored探索；D.
regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual
space
”，可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be
regarded
as“被视为......”符合句意。故D选项切题。
52.
A【解析】考查名
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)词辨析。A.
view景色
；B.quality质量
；C.
reason原因；D.
purpose目的
句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。
53.B
【解析】考查名词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
scientists科学家；B.
climbers
登山者；C.
locals当地人；
D.
officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。
54.D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)holding
on
to抓住；B.
going
back
to回到（原来的话题）；C.
living
up
to履行；D.
giving
way
to向......让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。
giving
way
to“向......让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。
55.A
【解析】考查动词辨析。A.
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hanges改变；B.
clears放晴；C.
improves提高；
D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low
clouds
”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。
56.
C【解析】考查动词辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A.
match匹配；B.
imagine想象；C.
count数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve
shades
of
green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。
57.B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)village村庄；
B.
desert
沙漠，荒地;C.
road马路；D.lake湖
。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave，stones
and
rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B选项切题。
58.
D【解析】考查副词辨析。A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).Obviously明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。
59.
A【解析】考查形容词辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。A.
permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic
-like
zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。
60.B
【解析】考查动
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)词辨析。A.
enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C.
save挽救;D.
acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。
2.
【2019·江苏卷】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Wildlife
has
be
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
greatly
threatened
in
the
modem
age.
There
are
species(物种)that
are
___36___
every
day.
The
white-naped
crane
is
a
typical
example.
So
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
___37___
the
species
from
going
out
of
existence.
Chris
and
Ti
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)m
work
at
a
zoo，
helping
endangered
cranes
with
their
___38___.
Emma，
a
female
crane，
has
been
in
their
___39___
since
she
arrived
in
2004.
Born
at
an
intern
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ational
crane
foundation，
Emma
was
___40___
by
human
caretakers.
This
led
to
an
unexpected
___41___，
though
she
had
a
wonderful
time
there.
Emma
had
___42___
taken
herself
as
a
crane
and
become
deeply
attached
to
humans.
She
___43___
to
live
with
male
cranes，
and
even
had
a
___44___
for
killing
some
of
them，
which
made
it
___45___
for
her
to
become
a
mother.
___46___，
the
two
zo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)okeepers
didn’t
want
to
see
the
extinction(灭绝)of
this
precious
species.
With
their
patience
and
efforts，
they
successfully
developed
a
___47___
of
artificial
breeding(人工繁殖)and
natural
reproduction.
This
___48___
Emma
to
give
birth
to
five
baby
cranes.
The
two
keepers
ar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
proud
of
their
productive
work.
But
before
they
can
be
___49___，
more
efforts
must
be
made，
because
the
population
of
the
crane
in
the
w