中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题13
动词和动词短语
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）Henry
Davi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
Thoreau
was
happy
to
________
from
social
life,
seeking
a
harmonious
relationship
with
nature
in
the
quietness
of
his
life.21世纪教育网版权所有
A．judge
B．differ
C．withdraw
D．benefit
2.（2021·天津卷）Wit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)h
that
thought
in
mind,
Pruitt
22
a
plan
and
posted
it
on
the
community
website.
He
23
to
fix
bikes
free
of
charge
for
anyone
who
needed
it.
He
also
asked
for
unwanted
bikes,
which
he
would
repair-again
for
free.
And
then
he
would
donate
them
to
folks
who
could
truly
use
them
but
didn't
have
the
budget
to
buy
one.21教育网
22．A．came
up
with
B．stuck
to
C．gave
up
D．broke
away
from
23．A．remembered
B．refused
C．hesitated
D．offered
3.
（2021·浙江卷语法填空）It
do
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)esn't
impress
like
George
Washington's
plantation
on
the
Potomac,
but
Lincoln's
home
in
downtown
Springfield,
Illinois,
___36___
（prove）irresistible
to
visitors
since
it
opened
to
the
public.21·cn·jy·com
…….
When
the
house
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)was
built,
it
was
much
smaller
than
it
is
today.
Mary's
niece
wrote,
"The
little
home
___40___
（paint）white.21·世纪
教育网
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ere
will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A.
clarify
B.
justify
C.
satisfy
D.
classify
2.
（2020·江苏卷）Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s,
______
a
new
generation
of
virtual
reality.
A.
allowing
for
B.
accounting
for
C.
calling
for
D.
compensating
for
3．（2020·天津卷）I
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ever
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A．drank
a
toast
to
B．played
a
joke
on
C．kept
an
eye
on
D．made
an
apology
to
4．（2020·天津卷）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)We
offered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A．understood
B．accepted
C．compromised
D．declined
5．（2020·天津卷）We
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A．take
up
B．carry
out
C．keep
on
D．put
off
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】A
city
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
__________
man's
intelligence
and
creativity.2·1·c·n·j·y
A.
resembling
B.
reflecting
C.
reviewing
D.
restoring
2.【2019·天津卷】Kate
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
heard
a
man's
voice
in
the
background,
but
she
couldn't
___________
what
he
was
saying.2-1-c-n-j-y
A.
set
aside
B.
take
back
C.
make
out
D.
keep
off
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】It
took
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
him
a
long
time
to___________
the
skills
he
needed
to
become
a
good
dancer.
A.
display
B.
acquire
C.
teach
D.
test2.【2018·天津】At
first
Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he___________
as
she
was
so
confidence
about
her
skills.21cnjy.com
A.
gave
in
B.
dressed
up
C.
broke
in
D.
turned
up3.【2018·江苏】Developing?the?Yangtze?River?Economic?Belt?is?a?systematic?project?which?_______
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A.
calls?for
B.
calls?on
C.
calls?off
D.
calls?up4.【2018·江苏】Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______
the?things?they
see.
A.
indicate
B.
investigate
C.
imitate
D.
innovate【2017年】
1.
【2017·天津卷】M
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
_____,
get
married,
and
have
kids.
A.
settled
down
B.
keep
off
C.
get
up
D.
cut
inwww.21-cn-jy.com
2.【2017·江苏卷】A
qui
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ck
review
of
successes
and
failures
at
the
end
of
year
will
help
_______
your
year
ahead.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A.
shape
B.
switch
C.
stretch
D.
sharpen21
cnjy
com
3.【2017·
江苏】Wor
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)king
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
_______
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
A.
held
out
B.
brought
out
C.
picked
out
D.
given
out
21世纪教育网
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题13
动词和动词短语
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）He
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nry
David
Thoreau
was
happy
to
________
from
social
life,
seeking
a
harmonious
relationship
with
nature
in
the
quietness
of
his
life.2·1·c·n·j·y
A．judge
B．differ
C．withdraw
D．benefit
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A.
judge判断；B.
differ不同；C.
withdraw抽身，撤退；D.
benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking
a
harmonious
relationship
with
nature
in
the
quietness
of
his
life”可知Henry
David
Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw
from“离开”。故选C。
2.（2021·天津卷）With
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
thought
in
mind,
Pruitt
22
a
plan
and
posted
it
on
the
community
website.
He
23
to
fix
bikes
free
of
charge
for
anyone
who
needed
it.
He
also
asked
for
unwanted
bikes,
which
he
would
repair-again
for
free.
And
then
he
would
donate
them
to
folks
who
could
truly
use
them
but
didn't
have
the
budget
to
buy
one.2-1-c-n-j-y
22．A．came
up
with
B．stuck
to
C．gave
up
D．broke
away
from
23．A．remembered
B．refused
C．hesitated
D．offered
【答案】22．A
23．D
【解析】22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.
came
up
with提出；B.
stuck
to坚持；C.
gave
up放弃；D.
broke
away
from突然逃跑。根据后文“a
plan
and
posted
it
on
the
community
website”指想出了一个计划，come
up
with符合语境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A.
remembered记得；B.
refused拒绝；C.
hesitated犹豫；D.
offered提议。结合后文“to
fix
bikes
free
of
charge
for
anyone
who
needed
it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer
to
do
sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。www.21-cn-jy.com
3.
（2021·浙江卷语法填
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)空）It
doesn't
impress
like
George
Washington's
plantation
on
the
Potomac,
but
Lincoln's
home
in
downtown
Springfield,
Illinois,
___36___
（prove）irresistible
to
visitors
since
it
opened
to
the
public.21
cnjy
com
…….
When
the
hou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)se
was
built,
it
was
much
smaller
than
it
is
today.
Mary's
niece
wrote,
"The
little
home
___40___
（paint）white.21教育网
【答案】36.
has
proved/has
proven
40.
was
painted
【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
【解析】36.
考查动词。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s
home
in
downtown
Springfield
Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since
it
opened
to
the
public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have
+过去分词；主语Lincoln’s
home
in
downtown
Springfield
Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove
的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填
has
proved/
has
proven。【版权所有：21教育】
40.
考查被动语态。句意：这个
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The
little
home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was
built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The
little
home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was
painted。
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）There
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A.
clarify
B.
justify
C.
satisfy
D.
classify
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A.
clarify澄清；B.
justify证明；C.
satisfy
满足；D.
classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。21教育名师原创作品
2.
（2020·江苏卷）The
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s,
______
a
new
generation
of
virtual
reality.
A.
allowing
for
B.
accounting
for
C.
calling
for
D.
compensating
for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?):6G的速度将超过125
GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A.
allowing
for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B.
accounting
for解释；C.
calling
for需要，要求；呼吁；D.
compensating
for补偿。根据空前The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s可知，125
GB/s
的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。【出处：21教育名师】
3．（2020·天津卷）I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A．drank
a
toast
to
B．played
a
joke
on
C．kept
an
eye
on
D．made
an
apology
to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A.
drank
a
toast
to为……干杯；B.
played
a
joke
on开……的玩笑；C.
kept
an
eye
on照看，留意，密切注视；D.
made
an
apology
to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
4．（2020·天津卷）We
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)fered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A．understood
B．accepted
C．compromised
D．declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A.
understood
理解；B.
accepted接受；C.
compromised妥协；D.
declined谢绝。根据“saying
that
she
felt
like
walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
5．（2020·天津卷）We
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A．take
up
B．carry
out
C．keep
on
D．put
off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A.
take
up占据；B.
carry
out实施；C.
keep
on
继续；D.
put
off推迟。根据“the
one
we
have
doesn’t
work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。21·世纪
教育网
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)city
is
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
__________
man's
intelligence
and
creativity.21
cnjy
com
A.
resembling
B.
reflecting
C.
reviewing
D.
restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：城市
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
2.【2019·天津卷】
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Kate
heard
a
man's
voice
in
the
background,
but
she
couldn't
___________
what
he
was
saying.
A.
set
aside
B.
take
back
C.
make
out
D.
keep
off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：
凯特
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set
aside“存储，留出”；
take
back“收回，拿回”；make
out“辨认出，理解，了解”；
keep
off“（使）避开”。故选C。21·cn·jy·com
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】It
took
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)im
a
long
time
to___________
the
skills
he
needed
to
become
a
good
dancer.
A.
display
B.
acquire
C.
teach
D.
test
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A
display显示；B.
acquire获得；C.
teach教；D.
test测试。故选B。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2.【2018·天津】At
first
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he___________
as
she
was
so
confidence
about
her
skills.21cnjy.com
A.
gave
in
B.
dressed
up
C.
broke
in
D.
turned
up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A.
gave
in屈服，让步；B.
dressed
up打扮；C.
broke
in闯入；打断；D.
turned
up出现。根据转折词but及原因as
she
was
so
confident
about
her
skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。www-2-1-cnjy-com
3.【2018·江苏】D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eveloping?the?Yangtze?River?Economic?Belt?is?a?systematic?project?which?_______
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.
A.
calls?for
B.
calls?on
C.
calls?off
D.
calls?up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A.
calls
for需要；B.
calls
on号召；C.
calls
off取消；D.
calls
up使想起。故选A。
4.【2018·江苏】Kids?shou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______
the?things?they
see.
A.
indicate
B.
investigate
C.
imitate
D.
innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A.
indicate指示；B.
investigate调查；C.
imitate模仿；D.
innovate改革。故选C。
【2017年】
1.
【2017·天津卷】M
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
_____,
get
married,
and
have
kids.
A.
settled
down
B.
keep
off
C.
get
up
D.
cut
in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A.
安顿下来；B.
远离；C.起床；D.
插嘴。根据句意，故选A。21世纪教育网版权所有
2.【2017·江苏卷】A
quick
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)review
of
successes
and
failures
at
the
end
of
year
will
help
_______
your
year
ahead.
A.
shape
B.
switch
C.
stretch
D.
sharpen
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的辨析。A.
shape塑造，决定……的形成，影响……的发展；B.
switch转变，交换，
调班；C.
stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D.
sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
3.【2017·
江苏】Wo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rking
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
_______
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
A.
held
out
B.
brought
out
C.
picked
out
D.
given
out
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。held
out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B.
brought
out使显现，阐明，出版；
C.picked
out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D.
given
out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句
意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。
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