中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题18
定语从句
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）Willia
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)m
Hastie
once
suggested
that
history
informs
us
of
past
mistakes
________
we
can
learn
without
repeating
them.21世纪教育网版权所有
A．from
which
B．in
which
C．with
whom
D．for
whom
2．（2021·天津卷）At
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Chinese
art
festival,
there
are
different
stands
________
artists
demonstrate
their
skills
and
teach
the
visitors.21教育网
A．where
B．which
C．that
D．when
4.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
In
a
study
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)f
33
years
of
trends
in
Body
Mass
Index
(体重指数)
across
200
countries,
the
scientists
found
that
people
worldwide
are
getting
heavier
28．
that
most
of
the
rise
is
due
to
gains
in
BMI
in
rural
areas.
【2020年】
1.
（2020·江苏卷）Many
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
lessons
are
now
available
online,
from
__________
students
can
choose
for
free.
A.
whose
B.
which
C.
when
D.
whom
3.
（2020·天津卷）Dr.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Rowan,
__________
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A.
whose
B.
of
whom
C.
of
which
D.
which
3.
（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
ancient
China
lived
an
artist
61
paintings
were
almost
lifelike.
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】We
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
entered
into
an
age
_______
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
when
D.
that
2.【2019·天津卷】Their
chil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
is
at
the
stage__________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
3.【2019·新课标I卷】One
af
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ternoon
where
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.4.【2019·新课标II卷】Now
Irene
Astbury
works
from
9am
to
5pm
daily
at
the
pet
shop
in
Macclesfield，
___62___
she
opened
with
her
late
husband
Les.21cnjy.com
5.【2019·新课标III卷
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)】They
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
___64___
had
great
experience
with
caring
for
these
animals.21·cn·jy·com
6.【2019·新课标III卷】
In
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
cafe,
customers
will
enjoy
themselves
in
the
historical
environment
what
is
created
for
them.www-2-1-cnjy-com
7.【2019·浙江卷】On
the
ed
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ge
of
the
jacket,
there
is
a
piece
of
cloth
___58___gives
off
light
in
the
dark.
8.【2019·北京卷】W
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
___8___
they
go.
9.【2019·北京卷】The
st
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)udents
benefitting
most
from
college
are
those
___9___
are
totally
engaged(参与)in
academic
life.2·1·c·n·j·y
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】She
and
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)er
family
bicycle
to
work,
_________
helps
them
keep
fit.2-1-c-n-j-y
A.
which
B.
who
C.
as
D.
that2.【2018·天津】Kae,
_________sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
A.
whom
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
her
3.【2018·江苏】
Self-dr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)iving?is?an?area?_______
China?and?the?rest?of?the?world?are?on?the?same?starting
line.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
4.【2018·新课标I卷】T
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wo
of
the
authors
of
the
review
also
made
a
study
published
in
2014
66
showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes
(cause).【出处：21教育名师】
5.【2018·新课标I卷】
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)They
also
had
a
small
pond
which
they
raised
fish.
My
grandpa
said
last
summer
they
earned
quite
a
lot
by
selling
the
fish.6.【2018·新课标II卷】The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
_started_
(start)
a
soil-testing
program
___69___
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers
-
and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.7.【2018·新课标II卷】Many
westerners
57
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.21·世纪
教育网
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京卷】The
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
little
problems
______
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.【版权所有：21教育】
A.
that
B.
as
C.
where
D.
when
2.【2017·江苏】In
1963
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Programme,
one
of
_______
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.www.21-cn-jy.com
A.
which
B.
it’s
C.
whose
D.
whom
21
cnjy
com
3.【2017·天津】My
eldest
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on,
_______
work
takes
him
all
over
the
world,
is
in
New
York
at
the
moment.
A.
that
B.
whose
C.
his
D.
who
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题18
定语从句
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）Willia
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)m
Hastie
once
suggested
that
history
informs
us
of
past
mistakes
________
we
can
learn
without
repeating
them.21·世纪
教育网
A．from
which
B．in
which
C．with
whom
D．for
whom
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past
mistakes为现行词，_____
we
can
learn
without
repeating
them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can
learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn
from“从……中学习”，可知应用from
which引导定语从句。故选A。www-2-1-cnjy-com
2．（2021·天津卷）At
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
Chinese
art
festival,
there
are
different
stands
________
artists
demonstrate
their
skills
and
teach
the
visitors.
A．where
B．which
C．that
D．when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands
作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands
，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands
在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。
4.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In
a
study
of
3
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)3
years
of
trends
in
Body
Mass
Index
(体重指数)
across
200
countries,
the
scientists
found
that
people
worldwide
are
getting
heavier
28．
that
most
of
the
rise
is
due
to
gains
in
BMI
in
rural
areas.
【答案】
28．and
29．that/which
【解析】
28．考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that
people
worldwide
are
getting
heavier和that
most
of
the
rise
is
due
to
gains
in
BMI
in
rural
areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。21·cn·jy·com
29．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
【2020年】
1.
（2020·江苏卷）Many
l
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)essons
are
now
available
online,
from
__________
students
can
choose
for
free.
A.
whose
B.
which
C.
when
D.
whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many
lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
3.
（2020·天津卷）Dr.
Ro
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wan,
__________
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.21世纪教育网版权所有
A.
whose
B.
of
whom
C.
of
which
D.
which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr.
Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr.
Rowan’s
”，表示“……的”
，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。2-1-c-n-j-y
3.
（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In
anci
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ent
China
lived
an
artist
61
paintings
were
almost
lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【出处：21教育名师】
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】We
have
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
entered
into
an
age
_______
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
when
D.
that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an
age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。
故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷】Thei
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
child
is
at
the
stage__________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the
stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
3.【2019·新课标I卷】One
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)fternoon
where
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.
【答案】One
afternoon
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one
afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。21教育名师原创作品
4.【2019·新课标II卷】Now
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Irene
Astbury
works
from
9am
to
5pm
daily
at
the
pet
shop
in
Macclesfield，
___62___
she
opened
with
her
late
husband
Les.21教育网
【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)子结构可知，先行词为the
pet
shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
5.【2019·新课标III卷】Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ey
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
___64___
had
great
experience
with
caring
for
these
animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
6.【2019·新课标III卷】
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
In
the
cafe,
customers
will
enjoy
themselves
in
the
historical
environment
what
is
created
for
them.
【答案】In?the?cafe,?customers?will?enjoy?
themselves?in?the?historical?【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
environment??is?created?for?them.?
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词envi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ronment
在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故
把what改为that/which。2·1·c·n·j·y
7.【2019·浙江卷】On
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)edge
of
the
jacket,
there
is
a
piece
of
cloth
___58___gives
off
light
in
the
dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。21
cnjy
com
8.【2019·北京卷】What
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
___8___
they
go.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。21
cnjy
com
9.【2019·北京卷】T
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
students
benefitting
most
from
college
are
those
___9___
are
totally
engaged(参与)in
academic
life.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___
are
totally
engaged(参与)in
academic
life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】She
and
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
her
family
bicycle
to
work,
_________
helps
them
keep
fit.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
as
D.
that
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____
helps
them
keep
fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。
2.【2018·天津】K
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ae,
_________sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
A.
whom
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
her
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。
3.【2018·江苏】
Self-drivi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng?is?an?area?_______
China?and?the?rest?of?the?world?are?on?the?same?starting
line.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in
which。故选B。
4.【2018·新课标I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)卷】Two
of
the
authors
of
the
review
also
made
a
study
published
in
2014
66
showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes
(cause).
【答案】that或which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a
study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
5.【2018·新课标I卷】Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ey
also
had
a
small
pond
which
they
raised
fish.
My
grandpa
said
last
summer
they
earned
quite
a
lot
by
selling
the
fish.
【答案】
which改成in
which或where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a
small
pond是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in
which或where。
6.【2018·新课标II卷】
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
_started_
(start)
a
soil-testing
program
___69___
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers
-
and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.www.21-cn-jy.com
【答案】that或which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。
7.【2018·新课标I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)I卷】Many
westerners
57
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.
【答案】that或who
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中包含定语从
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。【版权所有：21教育】
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京卷】The
lit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tle
problems
______
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
where
D.
when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)可能就是伟大发明的灵感。______
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。
2.【2017·江苏】In
1963
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Programme,
one
of
_______
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.
A.
which
B.
it’s
C.
whose
D.
whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是“the
World
Food
Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，
whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，
其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。
3.【2017·天津】M
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
eldest
son,
_______
work
takes
him
all
over
the
world,
is
in
New
York
at
the
moment.
A.
that
B.
whose
C.
his
D.
who
【答案】B
【解析】本句是一个非限制性
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)定语从句，先行词是My
eldest
son,
根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。21cnjy.com
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