专题01 阅读理解之说明文-五年（2017-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（原卷+解析版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题01阅读理解之说明文
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）C
When
the
explorers
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)first
set
foot
upon
the
continent
of
North
America,
the
skies
and
lands
were
alive
with
an
astonishing
variety
of
wildlife.
Native
Americans
had
taken
care
of
these
precious
natural
resources
wisely.
Unfortunately,
it
took
the
explorers
and
the
settlers
who
followed
only
a
few
decades
to
decimate
a
large
part
of
these
resources.
Millions
of
waterfowl
(
水
禽
)
were
killed
at
the
hands
of
market
hunters
and
a
handful
of
overly
ambitious
sportsmen.
Millions
of
acres
of
wetlands
were
dried
to
feed
and
house
the
ever-increasing
populations,
greatly
reducing
waterfowl
habitat.
In
1934,
wit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)h
the
passage
of
the
Migratory
Bird
Hunting
Stamp
Act
(Act),
an
increasingly
concerned
nation
took
firm
action
to
stop
the
destruction
of
migratory
(
迁徙的)
waterfowl
and
the
wetlands
so
vital
to
their
survival.
Under
this
Act,
all
waterfowl
hunters
16
years
of
age
and
over
must
annually
purchase
and
carry
a
Federal
Duck
Stamp.
The
very
first
Federal
Duck
Stamp
was
designed
by
J.N.
“Ding”
Darling,
a
political
cartoonist
from
Des
Moines,
lowa,
who
at
that
time
was
appointed
by
President
Franklin
Roosevelt
as
Director
of
the
Bureau
of
Biological
Survey.
Hunters
willingly
pay
the
stamp
price
to
ensure
the
survival
of
our
natural
resources.
About
98
cents
of
ever
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
duck
stamp
dollar
goes
directly
into
the
Migratory
Bird
Conservation
Fund
to
purchase
wetlands
and
wildlife
habitat
for
inclusion
into
the
National
Wildlife
Refuge
System
—
a
fact
that
ensures
this
land
will
be
protected
and
available
for
all
generations
to
come.
Since
1934,
better
than
half
a
billion
dollars
has
gone
into
that
Fund
to
purchase
more
than
5
million
acres
of
habitat.
Little
wonder
the
Federal
Duck
Stamp
Program
has
been
called
one
of
the
most
successful
conservation
programs
ever
initiated.
28.
What
was
a
caus
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
of
the
waterfowl
population
decline
in
North
America?
A.
Loss
of
wetlands.
B.
Popularity
of
water
sports.
C.
Pollution
of
rivers.
D.
Arrival
of
other
wild
animals.
29.
What
does
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
underlined
word
“decimate”
mean
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Acquire.
B.
Export.
C.
Destroy.
D.
Distribute.
30.
What
is
a
direct
result
of
the
Act
passed
in
1934?
A.
The
stamp
price
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)has
gone
down.
B.
The
migratory
birds
have
flown
away.
C.
The
hunters
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
have
stopped
hunting.
D.
The
government
has
collected
money.
31.
Which
of
the
following
is
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Federal
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Duck
Stamp
Story
B.
The
National
Wildlife
Refuge
System
C.
The
Benef
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)its
of
Saving
Waterfowl
D.
The
History
of
Migratory
Bird
Hunting
【答案】28.
A
29.
C
30.
D
31.
A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)美国鸭票的故事，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。
【28题】细节理解题。根据第一段“Mill
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ions
of
acres
of
wetlands
were
dried
to
feed
and
house
the
ever-increasing
populations,
greatly
reducing
waterfowl
habitat.”可知，上百万公顷的湿地被抽干用作农地或者修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地，故可知，栖息地的减少导致了水禽数量的下降，故选A。
【29题】词义猜测题。根据前一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句“Native
Americans
had
taken
care
of
these
precious
natural
resources
wisely.”可知，北美的土著人把这些珍贵的自然资源保护的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句与上一句形成了转折，前一句陈述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句阐述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者破坏了这些自然资源，故画线词意思是“破坏”。A.
Acquire获得；B.
Export出口；C.
Destroy破坏；D.
Distribute分配。故选C。
【30题】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ce
1934,
better
than
half
a
billion
dollars
has
gone
into
that
Fund
to
purchase
more
than
5
million
acres
of
habitat.”可知，自1934年起，超过5亿美元进入到了这个基金会，购买了超过500万公顷的水禽栖息地，故可以推出，通过发行鸭票，美国政府获得了大量的资金，故选D。
【31题】主旨大意题。根据全文可
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A。
2.（2021年新高考I卷）D
Popularizat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ion
has
in
some
cases
changed
the
original
meaning
of
emotional
(情感的)
intellingence.
Many
people
now
misunderstand
emotional
intelligence
as
almost
everything
desirable
in
a
person's
makeup
that
cannot
be
measured
by
an
IQ
test,
such
as
character,
motivation,
confidence,
mental
stability,
optimism
and
“people
skills.”
Research
has
shown
that
emotional
skills
may
contribute
to
some
of
these
qualities,
but
most
of
them
move
far
beyond
skill-based
emotional
intelligence.
We
prefer
to
describe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)emotional
intelligence
as
a
specific
set
of
skills
that
can
be
used
for
either
good
or
bad
purposes.
The
ability
to
accurately
understand
how
others
are
feeling
may
be
used
by
a
doctor
to
find
how
best
to
help
her
patients,
while
a
cheater
might
use
it
to
control
potential
victims.
Being
emotionally
intelligent
does
not
necessarily
make
one
a
moral
person.
Although
popular
beli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)efs
regarding
emotional
intelligence
run
far
ahead
of
what
research
can
reasonably
support,
the
overall
effects
of
the
publicity
have
been
more
beneficial
than
harmful.
The
most
positive
aspect
of
this
popularization
is
a
new
and
much
needed
emphasis
(重视)
on
emotion
by
employers,
educators
and
others
interested
in
promoting
social
well-being.
The
popularization
of
emotional
intelligence
has
helped
both
the
public
and
researchers
re-evaluate
the
functionality
of
emotions
and
how
they
serve
people
adaptively
in
everyday
life.
Although
the
continui
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
popular
appeal
of
emotional
intelligence
is
desirable,
we
hope
that
such
attention
will
excite
a
greater
interest
in
the
scientific
and
scholarly
study
of
emotion.
It
is
our
hope
that
in
coming
decades,
advances
in
science
will
offer
new
perspectives
(视角)
from
which
to
study
how
people
manage
their
lives.
Emotional
intelligence,
with
its
focus
on
both
head
and
heart,
may
serve
to
point
us
in
the
right
direction.
32.
What
is
a
common
misunderstanding
of
emotional
intelligence?
A.
It
can
be
me
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)asured
by
an
IQ
test.
B.
It
helps
to
exercise
a
person’s
mind.
C.
It
includes
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
set
of
emotional
skills.
D.
It
refers
to
a
person’s
positive
qualities.
33.
Why
does
the
autho
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
mention
“doctor”
and
“cheater”
in
paragraph
2?
A.
To
explain
a
rule.
B.
To
clarify
a
concept.
C.
To
present
a
fact.
D.
To
make
a
prediction.
34.
What
is
the
auth
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)or’s
attitude
to
the
popularization
of
emotional
intelligence?
A.
Favorable.
B.
Intolerant.
C.
Doubtful.
D.
Unclear.
35.
What
does
the
last
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
paragraph
mainly
talk
about
concerning
emotional
intelligence?
A.
Its
appeal
to
the
public.
B.
Expectations
for
future
studies.
C.
Its
practical
application.
D.
Scientists
with
new
perspectives.
【答案】32.
D
33.
B
34.
A
35.
B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
【32题】细节理解题。通
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)过文章第一段“Research
has
shown
that
emotional
skills
may
contribute
to
some
of
these
qualities
(研究表明，情商技巧可能有助于这些品质的形成)”可知，情商指的并不是一个人的积极品质。故选D项。
【33题】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
ability
to
accurately
understand
how
others
are
feeling
may
be
used
by
a
doctor
to
find
how
best
to
help
her
patients,
while
a
cheater
might
use
it
to
control
potential
victims.
(医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者)”可推知，作者在文章第二段中提到“医生”和“骗子”是举例子来阐明下文的观点——情商高并不一定能使一个人成为有道德的人。故选B项。
【34题】推理判断题。通过文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)章第三段“the
overall
effects
of
the
publicity
have
been
more
beneficial
than
harmful.
…The
popularization
of
emotional
intelligence
has
helped
both
the
public
and
researchers
(宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育者和其他对促进社会福利感兴趣的人对情感进行了新的、迫切需要的强调。情商的普及帮助了公众和研究人员)”可推知，作者认为情商普及是对人们有利的。故选A项。
【35题】推理判断题。通过文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)章最后一段“we
hope
that
such
attention
will
excite
a
greater
interest
in
the
scientific
and
scholarly
study
of
emotion.
It
is
our
hope
that
in
coming
decades,
advances
in
science
will
offer
new
perspectives
from
which
to
study
how
people
manage
their
lives.
(我们希望这种关注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角)”可推知，本段主要谈了对未来关于情商研究的期望。故选B项。
3.（2021年全国甲卷）B
Port
Lympne
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Reserve,
which
runs
a
breeding
(繁育)
programme,
has
welcomed
the
arrival
of
a
rare
black
rhino
calf
(犀牛幼崽).
When
the
tiny
creature
arrived
on
January
31,
she
became
the
40th
black
rhino
to
be
born
at
the
reserve.
And
officials
at
Port
Lympne
were
delighted
with
the
new
arrival,
especially
as
black
rhinos
are
known
for
being
difficult
to
breed
in
captivity
(圈养).
Paul
Beer,
hea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
of
rhino
section
at
Port
Lympne,
said:
“Obviously
we're
all
absolutely
delighted
to
welcome
another
calf
to
our
black
rhino
family.
She's
healthy,
strong
and
already
eager
to
play
and
explore.
Her
mother,
Solio,
is
a
first-time
mum
and
she
is
doing
a
fantastic
job.
It's
still
a
little
too
cold
for
them
to
go
out
into
the
open,
but
as
soon
as
the
weather
warms
up,
I
have
no
doubt
that
the
little
one
will
be
out
and
about
exploring
and
playing
every
day.”
The
adorable
female
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)alf
is
the
second
black
rhino
born
this
year
at
the
reserve,
but
it
is
too
early
to
tell
if
the
calves
will
make
good
candidates
to
be
returned
to
protected
areas
of
the
wild.
The
first
rhino
to
be
born
at
Port
Lympne
arrived
on
January
5
to
first-time
mother
Kisima
and
weighed
about
32kg.
His
mother,
grandmother
and
great
grandmother
were
all
born
at
the
reserve
and
still
live
there.
According
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
World
Wildlife
Fund,
the
global
black
rhino
population
has
dropped
as
low
as
5500,
giving
the
rhinos
a
“critically
endangered”
status.
4.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
breeding
programme?
A.
Costly.
B.
Controversial.
C.
Ambitious.
D.
Successful.
5.
What
does
Paul
Beer
say
about
the
new-born
rhino?
A.
She
loves
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)taying
with
her
mother.
B.
She
dislikes
outdoor
activities.
C.
She
is
in
good
condition
D.
She
is
sensitive
to
heat.
6.
What
similar
experience
do
Solio
and
Kisima
have?
A.
They
had
thei
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
first
born
in
January.
B.
They
enjoyed
exploring
new
places
C.
They
lived
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ith
their
grandmothers.
D.
They
were
brought
to
the
reserve
young
7.
What
can
be
inferred
about
Porn
Lympne
Reserve?
A.
The
rhino
section
will
be
open
to
the
public.
B.
It
aims
to
control
the
number
of
the
animals.
C.
It
will
continue
to
work
with
the
World
Wildlife
Fund.
D.
Some
of
its
rhinos
may
be
sent
to
the
protected
wild
areas.
【答案】4.
D
5.
C
6.
A
7.
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port
Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
【4题】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)became
the
40th
black
rhino
to
be
born
at
the
reserve
(她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“His
mother,
grandmother
and
great
grandmother
were
all
born
at
the
reserve
and
still
live
there.
(他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选D项。
【5题】细节理解题。通过文章第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)二段“She's
healthy,
strong
and
already
eager
to
play
and
explore.
(她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul
Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C项。
【6题】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“Wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
the
tinv
creature
arrived
on
January
31,
she
became
the
40th
black
rhino
to
be
born
at
the
reserve.
(1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The
first
rhino
to
be
born
at
Port
Lympne
arrived
on
January
5
to
first-time
mother
Kisima
and
weighed
about
32kg.
(1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port
Lympne，体重约为32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。
【7题】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段“it
is
too
early
to
tell
if
the
calves
will
make
good
candidates
to
be
returned
to
protected
areas
of
the
wild
(要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推知，Pon
Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D项。
4.（2021年全国乙卷）A
The
Biggest
Stadiums
in
the
World
People
have
been
po
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uring
into
stadiums
since
the
days
of
ancient
Greece.
In
around
80
A.D.,
the
Romans
built
the
Colosseum,
which
remains
the
world’s
best
known
stadium
and
continues
to
inform
contemporary
design.
Rome’s
Colosseum
was
157
feet
tall
and
had
80
entrances,
seating
50,000
people.
However,
that
was
small
fry
compared
with
the
city’s
Circus
Maximus,
which
accommodated
around
250,000
people.
These
days,
safety
reg
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ulations-not
to
mention
the
modern
sports
fan’s
desire
for
a
good
view
and
comfortable
seat—tend
to
keep
stadium
capacities（容量）
slightly
lower.
Even
soccer
fans
tend
to
have
a
seat
each;
gone
are
the
days
of
thousands
standing
to
watch
the
match.
For
the
biggest
stad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)iums
in
the
world,
we
have
used
data
supplied
by
the
World
Atlas
list
so
far,
which
ranks
them
by
their
stated
permanent
capacity,
as
well
as
updated
information
from
official
stadium
websites.
All
these
stadiums
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
are
still
funtiona1,
still
open
and
still
hosting
the
biggest
events
in
world
sport.
·Rungrado
1st
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)f
May
Stadium,
Pyongyang
D.P.R.
Korea.
Capacity:
150,000.
Opened:
May
1,1989.
·Michigan
Stadium,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Ann
Arbor,
Michigan,
U.
S.
Capacity:
107,601.
Opened:
October
1,
1927.
·Beaver
Stadi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)um,
State
College,
Pennsylvania,
U.
S.
Capacity:
106,572.
Opened:
September
17,
1960.
·Ohio
Stadium
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
Columbus,
Ohio,
U.
S.
Capacity:
104,944.
Opened:
October
7,1922.
·Kyle
Field,
Coll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ege
Station,
Texas,
U.
S.
Capacity:
102,512.
Opened:
September
24,
1927.
21.
How
many
people
could
the
Circus
Maximus
hold?
A.
104,944.
B.
107,601.
C.
About
150,000.
D.
About
250,000.
22.
Of
the
following
stadiums,
which
is
the
oldest?
A.
Michigan
Stadiu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)m.
B.
Beaver
Stadium.
C.
Ohio
Stadium.
D.
Kyle
Field.
23.
What
do
the
listed
stadiums
have
in
common?
A.
They
host
big
games.
B.
They
have
become
tourist
attractions.
C.
They
were
built
by
Americans.
D.
They
are
favored
by
architects.
【答案】21.
D
22.
C
23.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。
【21题】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)However,
that
was
small
fry
compared
with
the
city’s
Circus
Maximus,
which
accommodated
around
250,000
people.”
(然而，与这座城市容纳了25万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小巫见大巫。)可知，Circus
Maximus的可以容纳250,000人。故选D项。
【22题】细节理解题。根据文章最后部
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)分中的“Ohio
Stadium,
Columbus,
Ohio,
U.S.
Capacity:
104,944.
Opened
October
7,
1922.”
(美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场，容纳人数：104,944人。1922年10月7日开业。)及其他四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，Ohio
Stadium开放时间最早在1922年，属于年代最久远的。故选C项。
【23题】细节理解题。根据文中“All
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ese
stadiums
are
still
functional,
still
open
and
still
hosting
the
biggest
events
in
world
sport.”
(所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
5.（2021年全国乙卷）B
When
almost
everyone
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)has
a
mobile
phone,
why
are
more
than
half
of
Australian
homes
still
paying
for
a
landline（座机）?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
These
days
you’d
be
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rd
pressed
to
find
anyone
in
Australia
over
the
age
of
15
who
doesn’t
own
a
mobile
phone.
In
fact
plenty
of
younger
kids
have
one
in
their
pocket.
Practically
everyone
can
make
and
receive
calls
anywhere,
anytime.
Still,
55
perce
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nt
of
Australians
have
a
landline
phone
at
home
and
only
just
over
a
quarter
（29%）
rely
only
on
their
smartphones
according
to
a
survey
（调查）.
Of
those
Australians
who
still
have
a
landline,
a
third
concede
that
it’s
not
really
necessary
and
they’re
keeping
it
as
a
security
blanket
—
19
percent
say
they
never
use
it
while
a
further
13
percent
keep
it
in
case
of
emergencies.
I
think
my
home
falls
into
that
category.
More
than
half
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Australian
homes
are
still
choosing
to
stick
with
their
home
phone.
Age
is
naturally
a
factor（因素）—
only
58
percent
of
Generation
Ys
still
use
landlines
now
and
then,
compared
to
84
percent
of
Baby
Boomers
who’ve
perhaps
had
the
same
home
number
for
50
years.
Age
isn’t
the
only
factor;
I’d
say
it’s
also
to
do
with
the
makeup
of
your
household.
Generation
Xers
wi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)th
young
families,
like
my
wife
and
I,
can
still
find
it
convenient
to
have
a
home
phone
rather
than
providing
a
mobile
phone
for
every
family
member.
That
said,
to
be
honest
the
only
people
who
ever
ring
our
home
phone
are
our
Baby
Boomers
parents,
to
the
point
where
we
play
a
game
and
guess
who
is
calling
before
we
pick
up
the
phone（using
Caller
ID
would
take
the
fun
out
of
it）.
How
attached
ar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
you
to
your
landline?
How
long
until
they
go
the
way
of
gas
street
lamps
and
morning
milk
deliveries?
24.
What
does
paragraph
2
mainly
tell
us
about
mobile
phones?
A.
Their
target
users.
B.
Their
wide
popularity.
C.
Their
major
functions.
D.
Their
complex
design.
25.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“concede”
in
paragraph
3
mean?
A.
Admit.
B.
Argue.
C.
Remember.
D.
Remark.
26.
What
can
we
say
about
Baby
Boomers?
A.
They
like
smartph
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)one
games.
B.
They
enjoy
guessing
callers’
identity.
C.
They
keep
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
using
landline
phones.
D.
They
are
attached
to
their
family.
27.
What
can
be
inferred
about
the
landline
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
It
remains
a
family
necessity.
B.
It
will
fall
out
of
use
some
day.
C.
It
may
increase
daily
expenses.
D.
It
is
as
important
as
the
gas
light.
【答案】24.
B
25.
A
26.
C
27.
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚使用固定电话的情况，并且表达了固定电话是非必需品的观点。
【24题】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ese
days
you'd
be
hard
pressed
to
find
anyone
in
Australia
over
the
age
of
15
who
doesn't
own
a
mobile
phone.
In
fact
plenty
of
younger
kids
have
one
in
their
pocket.
Practically
everyone
can
make
and
receive
calls
anywhere,
anytime.
(现在你很难在澳大利亚找到15岁以上的没有手机的人。事实上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有手机。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话)”可推知，本段主要说明手机在澳大利亚广受欢迎。故选B项。
【25题】词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Of
those
Australians
who
still
have
a
landline
(在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中)”可知，这个调查的目标人群是仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人；根据下文“it's
not
really
necessary
and
they're
keeping
it
as
a
security
blanket
—
19
percent
say
they
never
use
it
while
a
further
13
percent
keep
it
in
case
of
emergencies
(固定电话并不是必须的，他们将其作为一种安全保障——19%的人表示他们从未使用过固定电话，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况)”可知，很多人认为固定电话并不是必须拥有的，有些人保留固定电话只是为了防止紧急情况。从而推知，在调查中，他们应该是承认了固定电话的非必要性。由此推知，划线单词“concede”意为“承认”。故选A项。
【26题】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)84
percent
of
Baby
Boomers
who've
perhaps
had
the
same
home
number
for
50
years.(婴儿潮时代中有84%的人可能已经有50年相同的家庭号码了)”以及文章第五段“That
said,
to
be
honest
the
only
people
who
ever
ring
our
home
phone
are
our
Baby
Boomers
parents
(也就是说，老实说，唯一打过我们家电话的人是婴儿潮一代的父母)”可推知，婴儿潮时代的人一直用固定电话。故选C项。
【27题】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)How
attached
are
you
to
your
landline?
How
long
until
they
go
the
way
of
gas
street
lamps
and
morning
milk
deliveries?
(你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可推知，本段使用类比的方式，使用煤气路灯以及早晨送牛奶已经被淘汰的例子，侧面说明了固定电话总有一天会废弃的。故选B项。
6.（2021年全国乙卷）C
You’ve
heard
that
pl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)astic
is
polluting
the
oceans
—
between
4.8
and
12.7
million
tonnes
enter
ocean
ecosystems
every
year.
But
does
one
plastic
straw
or
cup
really
make
a
difference?
Artist
Benjamin
Von
Wong
wants
you
to
know
that
it
does.
He
builds
massive
sculptures
out
of
plastic
garbage,
forcing
viewers
to
re-examine
their
relationship
to
single-use
plastic
products.
At
the
beginning
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)f
the
year,
the
artist
built
a
piece
called
“Strawpocalypse,”
a
pair
of
10-foot-tall
plastic
waves,
frozen
mid-crash.
Made
of
168,000
plastic
straws
collected
from
several
volunteer
beach
cleanups,
the
sculpture
made
its
first
appearance
at
the
Estella
Place
shopping
center
in
Ho
Chi
Minh
City,
Vietnam.
Just
9%
of
glo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bal
plastic
waste
is
recycled.
Plastic
straws
are
by
no
means
the
biggest
source（来源）of
plastic
pollution,
but
they’ve
recently
come
under
fire
because
most
people
don’t
need
them
to
drink
with
and,
because
of
their
small
size
and
weight,
they
cannot
be
recycled.
Every
straw
that’s
part
of
Von
Wong’s
artwork
likely
came
from
a
drink
that
someone
used
for
only
a
few
minutes.
Once
the
drink
is
gone,
the
straw
will
take
centuries
to
disappear.
In
a
piece
from
2018
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
Von
Wong
wanted
to
illustrate（说明）
a
specific
statistic:
Every
60
seconds,
a
truckload’s
worth
of
plastic
enters
the
ocean.
For
this
work,
titled
“Truckload
of
Plastic,”
Von
Wong
and
a
group
of
volunteers
collected
more
than
10,000
pieces
of
plastic,
which
were
then
tied
together
to
look
like
they’d
been
dumped（倾倒）
from
a
truck
all
at
once.
Von
Wong
hopes
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
his
work
will
also
help
pressure
big
companies
to
reduce
their
plastic
footprint.
28.
What
are
Von
Wong’s
artworks
intended
for?
A.
Beautifying
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
city
he
lives
in.
B.
Introducing
eco-friendly
products.
C.
Drawing
pub
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lic
attention
to
plastic
waste.
D.
Reducing
garbage
on
the
beach.
29.
Why
does
the
author
discuss
plastic
straws
in
paragraph
3?
A.
To
show
the
difficulty
of
their
recycling.
B.
To
explain
why
they
are
useful.
C.
To
voice
his
views
on
modern
art.
D.
To
find
a
substitute
for
them.
30.
What
effect
would
“Truckload
of
Plastic”
have
on
viewers?
A.
Calming.
B.
Disturbing.
C.
Refreshing.
D.
Challenging.
31.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Artists’
Opinions
on
Plastic
Safety
B.
Media
Interest
in
Contemporary
Art
C.
Responsibility
Demanded
of
Big
Companies
D.
Ocean
Plastics
Transformed
into
Sculptures
【答案】28.
C
29.
A
30.
C
31.
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。文章介绍了艺术家Benjamin
Von
Wong用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕塑作品，让人们通过这个雕塑重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系。此外他在2018的一件作品“Truckload
of
Plastic”说明了每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。Von
Wong通过用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。
【28题】推理判断题。根据第一段“But
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
does
one
plastic
straw
or
cup
really
make
a
difference?
Artist
Benjamin
Von
Wong
wants
you
to
know
that
it
does.
He
builds
massive
sculptures
out
of
plastic
garbage,
forcing
viewers
to
re-examine
their
relationship
to
single-use
plastic
products.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王（Benjamin
Von
Wong）想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”可知，Von
Wong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，由此可知他做这个雕塑的目的是为了引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C项。
【29题】推理判断题。根据第三段“J
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ust
9%
of
global
plastic
waste
is
recycled.
Plastic
straws
are
by
no
means
the
biggest
source(来源)
of
plastic
pollution,
but
they’ve
recently
come
under
fire
because
most
people
don’t
need
them
to
drink
with
and,
because
of
their
small
size
and
weight,
they
cannot
be
recycled.
Every
straw
that’s
part
of
Von
Wong’s
artwork
likely
came
from
a
drink
that
someone
used
for
only
a
few
minutes.
Once
the
drink
is
gone,
the
straw
will
take
centuries
to
disappear.(全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。冯·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能来自只喝了几分钟的饮料。一旦饮料消失了，吸管也要几个世纪才能消失。)”可知，吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。故选A项。
【30题】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
piece
form
2018,
Von
Wong
wanted
to
illustrate(说明)
a
specific
statistic:
Every
60
seconds,
a
truckload’s
worth
of
plastic
enters
the
ocean.
For
this
work,
titled
“Truckload
of
Plastic,”
Von
Wong
and
a
group
of
volunteers
collected
more
than
10,000
pieces
of
plastic,
which
were
then
tied
together
to
look
like
they’d
been
dumped(倾倒)
from
a
truck
all
at
once.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(Von
Wong)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知，这个作品以创新的方式让人们了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量倾入海洋，刷新了观众对海洋塑料污染的认知，由此可推断，这个作品会让观众对塑料垃圾进入海洋这件事“耳目一新”。故选C项。
【31题】标题判断题。通读全文，结合第一段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“But
does
one
plastic
straw
or
cup
really
make
a
difference?
Artist
Benjamin
Von
Wong
wants
you
to
know
that
it
does.
He
builds
massive
sculptures
out
of
plastic
garbage,
forcing
viewers
to
re-examine
their
relationship
to
single-use
plastic
products.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin
Von
Wong)想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”和倒数第二段“In
a
piece
form
2018,
Von
Wong
wanted
to
illustrate(说明)
a
specific
statistic:
Every
60
seconds,
a
truckload’s
worth
of
plastic
enters
the
ocean.
For
this
work,
titled
“Truckload
of
Plastic,”
Von
Wong
and
a
group
of
volunteers
collected
more
than
10,000
pieces
of
plastic,
which
were
then
tied
together
to
look
like
they’d
been
dumped(倾倒)
from
a
truck
all
at
once.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(Von
Wong)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知艺术家本杰明·冯·王(Benjamin
Von
Wong)通过利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法来提示人们重新思考与一次性塑料的关系，唤醒和提高人们循环利用的意识，促进环保的发展。由此可知，D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。
7.（2021年全国乙卷）D
During
an
interview
fo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
one
of
my
books,
my
interviewer
said
something
I
still
think
about
often.
Annoyed
by
the
level
of
distraction（干扰）in
his
open
office,
he
said,
“That’s
why
I
have
a
membership
at
the
coworking
space
across
the
street
—
so
I
can
focus”.
His
comment
struck
me
as
strange.
After
all,
coworking
spaces
also
typically
use
an
open
office
layout（布局）.
But
I
recently
came
across
a
study
that
shows
why
his
approach
works.
The
researchers
examin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
various
levels
of
noise
on
participants
as
they
completed
tests
of
creative
thinking.
They
were
randomly
divided
into
four
groups
and
exposed
to
various
noise
levels
in
the
background,
from
total
silence
to
50
decibels（分贝）,
70
decibels,
and
85
decibels.
The
differences
between
most
of
the
groups
were
statistically
insignificant;
however,
the
participants
in
the
70
decibels
group
—
those
exposed
to
a
level
of
noise
similar
to
background
chatter
in
a
coffee
shop
—
significantly
outperformed
the
other
groups.
Since
the
effects
were
small,
this
may
suggest
that
our
creative
thinking
does
not
differ
that
much
in
response
to
total
silence
and
85
decibels
of
background
noise.
But
since
the
results
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
at
70
decibels
were
significant,
the
study
also
suggests
that
the
right
level
of
background
noise
—
not
too
loud
and
not
total
silence
—
may
actually
improve
one’s
creative
thinking
ability.
The
right
level
of
background
noise
may
interrupt
our
normal
patterns
of
thinking
just
enough
to
allow
our
imaginations
to
wander,
without
making
it
impossible
to
focus.
This
kind
of
“distracted
focus”
appears
to
be
the
best
state
for
working
on
creative
tasks.
So
why
do
so
many
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)us
hate
our
open
offices?
The
problem
may
be
that,
in
our
offices,
we
can’t
stop
ourselves
from
getting
drawn
into
others’
conversations
while
we’re
trying
to
focus.
Indeed,
the
researchers
found
that
face-to-face
interactions
and
conversations
affect
the
creative
process,
and
yet
a
coworking
space
or
a
coffee
shop
provides
a
certain
level
of
noise
while
also
providing
freedom
from
interruptions.
32.Why
does
the
interviewer
prefer
a
coworking
space?
A.
It
helps
him
concentrate.
B.
It
blocks
out
background
noise.
C.
It
has
a
ple
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)asant
atmosphere.
D.
It
encourages
face-to-face
interactions.
33.
Which
level
of
ba
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ckground
noise
may
promote
creative
thinking
ability?
A.
Total
silence.
B.
50
decibels
C.
70
decibels.
D.
8
5
decibels.
34.
What
makes
an
open
office
unwelcome
to
many
people?
A.
Personal
privacy
unprotected.
B.
Limited
working
space.
C.
Restrictions
on
group
discussion.
D.
Constant
interruptions.
35.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.
He’s
a
news
reporter.
B.
He’s
an
office
manager.
C.
He’s
a
professional
designer.
D.
He’s
a
published
writer.
【答案】32.
A
33.
C
34.
D
35.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自身经历讲述人们为什么不喜欢开放性办公室以及有关多少分贝的噪音最有利于人们的创造性思维的研究。
【32题】细节理解题。根据第一段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“That’s
why
I
have
a
membership
at
the
coworking
space
across
the
street
-
so
I
can
focus.（这就是为什么我在街对面的公用办公空间有会员资格——这样我就可以集中精力了。）”可知，采访者喜欢共享办公空间的原因是那里可以帮助他集中精力。故选A项。
【33题】细节理解题。根据第二段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“The
differences
between
most
of
the
groups
were
statistically
insignificant;
however,
the
participants
in
the
70
decibels
group
-
those
exposed
to
a
level
of
noise
similar
to
background
chatter
in
a
coffee
shop
-
significantly
outperformed
the
other
groups.（大多数组之间的差异在统计学上是不显著的；然而，音量为70分贝的那组参与者（置身于类似于咖啡店背景噪音的环境中）的表现明显好于其他组。）”和第三段“But
since
the
results
at
70
decibels
were
significant,
the
study
also
suggests
that
the
right
level
of
background
noise
-
not
too
loud
and
not
total
silence
-
may
actually
improve
one's
creative
thinking
ability.（但由于70分贝的结果很显著，该研究还表明，适当的背景噪音——不要太大声，也不要完全安静——实际上可能会提高一个人的创造性思维能力。）”可知，70分贝的那组参与者表现好于其他组，所以70分贝的噪音背景环境更有可能促进创造性思维能力。故选C项。
【34题】细节理解题。根据最后一段“So
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)why
do
so
many
of
us
hate
our
open
offices?
The
problem
may
be
that,
in
our
offices,
we
can't
stop
ourselves
from
getting
drawn
into
others'
conversations
while
we're
trying
to
focus.
Indeed,
the
researchers
found
that
face-to-face
interactions
and
conversations
affect
the
creative
process,
and
yet
a
coworking
space
or
a
coffee
shop
provides
a
certain
level
of
noise
while
also
providing
freedom
from
interruptions.（那么，为什么我们中有那么多人讨厌开放式办公室呢？问题可能是，在我们的办公室里，当我们试图集中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中。的确，研究人员发现，面对面的互动和对话会影响创作过程，然而，共同工作空间或咖啡馆在提供一定程度的噪音的同时，也提供不受干扰的自由。）”可知，开放式办公室不受人们欢迎的原因是让我们不断地卷入别人的谈话中，受到很多干扰。故选D
项。
【35题】推理判断题。根据第一段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)During
an
interview
for
one
of
my
books,
my
interviewer
said
something
I
still
think
about
often.（在一次采访我的一本书时，我的采访者说了一些我至今还经常想起的话。）”可知，作者提到有人采访自己的书，所以可以推断，作者是一位作家。故选D项。
8.（2021年天津卷）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A
trial
project
by
the
Montreal
Children's
Hospital
suggested
that
the
use
of
medical
hypnosis(催眠)can
reduce
pain
and
anxiety
in
patients.
The
project
also
resulted
in
a
reduction
in
the
amount
of
medicines
used
to
perform
medical-imaging
imaging(医学影像)
procedures.
“During
the
exam
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ination
children
don't
move.
It
works
perfectly.
It's
amazing,“
said
Johanne
L'Ecuyer,
a
medical-imaging
technologist
at
the
hospital.
The
project
wa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
inspired
by
a
French
team
from
Rouen
University
Hospital
Centre
where
examinations
are
done
under
hypnosis
instead
of
general
anesthesia(麻醉）.
A
French
medical-ima
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ging
technologist-also
a
hypnotist
—
was
invited
to
train
a
few
members
in
the
medical-imaging
department
of
the
children's
hospital.
In
all,
80
examinations
were
conducted
for
the
project
between
January
and
September,
2019,
focusing
on
the
imaging
procedures
that
would
cause
anxiety.
Hypnosis
is
not
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
state
of
sleep:
It
is
rather
a
modified(改变的)state
of
consciousness.
The
technologist
will
guide
the
patient
to
this
modified
state—an
imaginary
world
that
will
disassociate
itself
more
and
more
from
the
procedure
that
follows.
“The
technologist
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
must
build
up
a
story
with
the
patient,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
"The
patient
is
left
with
the
power
to
choose
what
he
wants
to
talk
about.
Do
you
play
sports?
Do
you
like
going
to
the
beach?
We
establish
a
subject
that
we
will
discuss
throughout
the
procedure."
Everything
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
happens
next
during
the
procedure
must
be
related
to
this
story
—
an
injection
（注射）becomes
the
bite
of
an
insect;
the
heat
on
the
skin
becomes
the
sensation
of
the
sun
and
a
machine
that
rings
becomes
a
police
car
passing
nearby.
“The
important
thi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
is
that
the
technologist
associates
what
is
happening
outside
the
patient's
body
with
what
the
patient
sees
in
his
head,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
"It
requires
creativity
on
the
part
of
the
technologist,
imagination,
a
lot
of
patience
and
kindness."
The
procedure
appe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)aled
to
the
staff
a
lot
when
it
was
introduced
in
January.
It
spread
like
wildfire
that
someone
from
France
was
here
to
train
the
technologists,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
She
added
that
she
had
a
line
of
staff
at
her
door
wanting
to
take
the
training.
51．One
of
the
results
produced
by
the
trial
project
is
________
.
A．a
better
understanding
of
children
B．less
use
of
certain
medicines
C．new
medical-imaging
technology
D．an
improved
reputation
of
the
hospital
52．The
French
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)technologist
came
to
the
children's
hospital
to
________.
A．assist
in
treating
a
patient
B．carry
out
hypnosis
training
C．start
up
a
new
department
D．learn
about
the
procedure
53．According
to
Paragraph
5,
hypnosis
works
by
________.
A．creating
a
perfect
world
for
patients
B．forcing
patients
into
a
state
of
deep
sleep
C．putting
patients
into
an
unconscious
state
D．leading
patients'
consciousness
away
from
reality
54．What
can
we
learn
about
the
story
used
in
the
procedure?
A．It
should
keep
pace
with
the
procedure.
B．It
reflects
the
patient's
creativity.
C．It
is
selected
by
the
technologist.
D．It
tells
what
doctors
are
doing
to
the
patient.
55．The
procedure
was
received
among
the
staff
with
________.
A．uncertainty
B．enthusiasm
C．worry
D．criticism
56．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．An
easy
way
to
communicate
with
patients.
B．The
standard
method
of
conducting
hypnosis.
C．An
introduction
of
medical-imaging
technology.
D．The
use
of
hypnosis
in
medical-imaging
procedures.
【答案】
51．B
52．B
53．D
54．A
55．B
56．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)文章主要讲述了蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工。
51．细节理解题。根据第一段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)The
project
also
resulted
in
a
reduction
in
the
amount
of
medicines
used
to
perform
medical-imaging(医学影像)procedures.”（该项目还导致用于医学影像程序的药品数量减少。）可知，实验的结果之一就是减少某些药物的使用。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据第三段“A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)French
medical-imaging
technologist--also
a
hypnotist
--
was
invited
to
train
a
few
members
in
the
medical-imaging
department
of
the
children's
hospital.”（一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，法国技术专家来儿童医院是做催眠培训来的。故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)五段第一句“Hypnosis
is
not
a
state
of
sleep:
It
is
rather
a
modified
（改变的）state
of
consciousness.
The
technologist
will
guide
the
patient
to
this
modified
state—an
imaginary
world
that
will
disassociate
itself
more
and
more
from
the
procedure
that
follows.”（催眠状态不是一种睡眠的状态：而是一种被改变的意识状态。技术专家会引导病人进入这种改变的状态——一个想象中的世界，它会越来越脱离接下来的程序）可知，催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实，进入一个想象中的世界。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Everything
that
happens
next
during
the
procedure
must
be
related
to
this
story”（催眠过程中接下来发生的一切都必须和这个故事有关）以及倒数第二段“The
important
thing
is
that
the
technologist
associates
what
is
happening
outside
the
patient's
body
with
what
the
patient
sees
in
his
head”（重要的是技术专家把病人身体外发生的事情和他在大脑里看到的联系起来）可知，故事必须跟整个催眠过程同步。故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)The
procedure
appealed
to
the
staff
a
lot
when
it
was
introduced
in
January.”（这个程序在一月份开始引进的时候，吸引了很多员工）以及最后一句“She
added
that
she
had
a
line
of
staff
at
her
door
wanting
to
take
the
training.”（她补充说，有一队员工在她门口等着接受培训）可知，这个催眠程序受到了员工的欢迎。A.
uncertainty
不确定；B.
enthusiasm
热情；C.
worry
担心；D.
criticism
批评。故选B。
56．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“A
trial
project
by
the
Montreal
Children's
Hospital
suggested
that
the
use
of
medical
hypnosis(催眠)can
reduce
pain
and
anxiety
in
patients.
The
project
also
resulted
in
a
reduction
in
the
amount
of
medicines
used
to
perform
medical-imaging
imaging(医学影像)
procedures.”（蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，全文主要讲述催眠技术在医学影像程序中的应用。故选D。
9.（2021年1月浙江）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)You
run
into
the
grocery
store
to
pick
up
one
bottle
of
water.
You
get
what
you
need,
head
to
the
front,
and
choose
the
line
that
looks
fastest.
You
chose
wrong.
Peopl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
who
you
swear
got
in
other
lines
long
after
you
are
already
checked
out
and
off
to
the
parking
lot.
1．It
turns
out,
it's
just
math
working
against
you;
chances
are,
the
other
line
really
is
faster.
Grocery
stores
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ry
to
have
enough
employees
at
checkout
to
get
all
their
customers
through
with
minimum
delay.
2．Any
small
interruption
-
a
price
check,
a
chatty
customer-can
have
downstream
effects,
holding
up
an
entire
line.
If
there
are
thr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ee
lines
in
the
store,
delays
will
happen
randomly
at
different
registers.
Think
about
the
probability:3．So
it's
not
just
in
your
mind:
Another
line
probably
is
moving
faster.
Researchers
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)have
a
good
way
to
deal
with
this
problem.
Make
all
customers
stand
in
one
long,
snaking
line-
called
a
serpentine
line
-
and
serve
each
person
at
the
front
with
the
next
available
register.
4．This
is
what
they
do
at
most
banks
and
fast-food
restaurants.
With
a
serpentine
line,
a
long
delay
at
one
register
won't
unfairly
punish
the
people
who
lined
up
behind
it.
Instead,
it
will
slow
down
everyone
a
little
bit
but
speed
up
checkout
overall.
5．It
takes
many
regi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sters
to
keep
one
line
moving
quickly,
and
some
stores
can't
afford
the
space
or
manpower.
So
wherever
your
next
wait
may
be:
Good
luck.
A．Why
does
this
always
seem
to
happen
to
you?
B．So
why
don't
most
places
encourage
serpentine
lines?
C．Some
of
the
may
have
stood
in
a
queue
for
almost
an
hour.
D．The
chances
of
your
line
being
the
fastest
are
only
one
in
three.
E.How
high
is
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
probability
that
you
are
in
the
fastest
waiting
line?
F.With
three
register
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s,
this
method
is
much
faster
than
the
traditional
approach.
G.But
sometimes,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
as
on
a
Sunday
afternoon,
the
system
gets
particularly
busy.
【答案】
1．A
2．G
3．D
4．F
5．B
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
1．下文“It
turns
ou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t,
it's
just
math
working
against
you;
chances
are,
the
other
line
really
is
faster.
（原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You
chose
wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
2．上文“Grocery
sto
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)res
try
to
have
enough
employees
at
checkout
to
get
all
their
customers
through
with
minimum
delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any
small
interruption
a
price
check,
a
chatty
customer
-can
have
downstream
effects,
holding
up
an
entire
line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
3．根据上文“If
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)re
are
three
lines
in
the
store,
delays
will
happen
randomly
at
different
registers.
（如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So
it's
not
just
in
your
mind:
Another
line
probably
is
moving
faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
4．根据“上文Research
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ers
have
a
good
way
to
deal
with
this
problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This
is
what
they
do
at
most
banks
and
fast-food
restaurants.
With
a
serpentine
line,
a
long
delay
at
one
register
won't
unfairly
punish
the
people
who
lined
up
behind
it.
Instead,
it
will
slow
down
everyone
little
bit
but
speed
up
checkout
overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
5．结合下文“It
takes
ma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ny
registers
to
keep
one
line
moving
quickly,
and
some
stores
can't
afford
the
space
or
manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It
takes
many
registers
to
keep
one
line
moving
quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
10.（2021年1月浙江卷）At
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)start
of
the
20th
century,
an
American
engineer
named
John
Elfreth
Watkins
made
predictions
about
life
today.
His
predictions
about
slowing
population
growth,
mobile
phones
and
increasing
height
were
close
to
the
mark.
But
he
was
wrong
in
one
prediction:
that
everybody
would
walk
10
miles
a
day.
Today,
in
Aust
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ralia,
most
children
on
average
fall
2,
000
steps
short
of
the
physical
activity
they
need
to
avoid
being
overweight.
In
the
early
1970s,
40
per
cent
of
children
walked
to
school,
while
in
2010,
it
was
as
low
as
15
per
cent.
The
decline
is
no
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
because
we
have
all
become
lazy.
Families
are
pressed
for
time,
many
with
both
parents
working
to
pay
for
their
house,
often
working
hours
not
of
their
choosing,
living
in
car-dependent
neighborhoods
with
limited
public
transport.
The
other
sid
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
of
the
coin
is
equally
a
deprivation:
for
health
and
well-being,
as
well
as
lost
opportunities（机会）for
children
to
get
to
know
their
local
surroundings.
And
for
parents
there
are
lost
opportunities
to
walk
and
talk
with
their
young
scholar
about
their
day.
Most
parents
will
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)have
eagerly
asked
their
child
about
their
day,
only
to
meet
with
a
“good”,
quickly
followed
by
"I'm
hungry".
This
is
also
my
experience
as
a
mother.
But
somewhere
over
the
daily
walk
more
about
my
son's
day
comes
out.
I
hear
him
making
sense
of
friendship
and
its
limits.
This
is
the
unexpected
and
rare
parental
opportunity
to
hear
more.
Many
primary
sc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hools
support
walking
school-bus
routes（路线）,
with
days
of
regular,
parent-accompanied
walks.
Doing
just
one
of
these
a
few
times
a
week
is
better
than
nothing.
It
can
be
tough
to
begin
and
takes
a
little
planning-running
shoes
by
the
front
door,
lunches
made
the
night
before,
umbrellas
on
rainy
days
and
hats
on
hot
ones-but
it's
certainly
worth
trying.
41．Why
does
the
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uthor
mention
Watkins'
predictions
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．To
make
comparisons.
B．To
introduce
the
topic.
C．To
support
her
argument.
D．To
provide
examples.
42．What
has
caused
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
decrease
in
Australian
children's
physical
activity?
A．Plain
laziness.
B．Health
problems.
C．Lack
of
time.
D．Security
concerns.
43．Why
does
the
author
find
walking
with
her
son
worthwhile?
A．She
can
get
relaxed
after
work.
B．She
can
keep
physically
fit.
C．She
can
help
with
her
son's
study.
D．She
can
know
her
son
better.
【答案】
41．B
42．C
43．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
41．推理判断题。通过文章第二段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Today:
in
Australia:
most
children
on
average
fall
2:
000
steps
short
of
the
physical
activity
they
need
to
avoid
being
overweight.
In
the
early
1970s,
40
percent
of
children
walked
to
school
while
in
2010,
it
was
as
low
as15
percent.(今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。
42．细节理解题。通过文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)章第三段中“Families
are
pressed
for
time:
many
with
both
parents
working
to
pay
for
their
house,
often
working
hours
not
of
their
choosing,
living
in
car-dependent
neighborhoods
with
limited
public
transport.(家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。
43．细节理解题。通过文章倒
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)数第二段中“But
somewhere
over
the
daily
walk
more
about
my
son’s
day
comes
out.
I
hear
him
making
sense
of
friendship
and
its
limits.
This
is
the
unexpected
and
rare
parental
opportunity
to
hear
more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多)”说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。
11.（2021年1月浙江卷
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)）Researchers
say
they
have
translated
the
meaning
of
gestures
that
wild
chimpanzees
(黑猩猩)
use
to
communicate.
They
say
wild
chimps
communicate
19
specific
messages
to
one
another
with
a
"vocabulary"
of
66
gestures.
The
scientists
discovered
this
by
following
and
filming
groups
of
chimps
in
Uganda,
and
examining
more
than
5,000
incidents
of
these
meaningful
exchanges.
Dr
Catherine
Hobaiter
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
who
led
the
research,
said
that
this
was
the
only
form
of
intentional
communication
to
be
recorded
in
the
animal
kingdom.
Only
humans
and
chimps,
she
said,
had
a
system
of
communication
where
they
deliberately
sent
a
message
to
another
group
member.
"That's
what's
so
am
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)azing
about
chimp
gestures,"
she
said.
"They're
the
only
thing
that
looks
like
human
language
in
that
respect.
”
Although
previous
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)research
has
shown
that
apes
and
monkeys
can
understand
complex
information
from
another
animal's
call,
the
animals
do
not
appear
to
use
their
voices
intentionally
to
communicate
messages.
This
was
a
significant
difference
between
calls
and
gestures,
Dr
Hobaiter
said.
Chimps
will
check
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)see
if
they
have
the
attention
of
the
animal
with
which
they
wish
to
communicate.
In
one
case,
a
mother
presents
her
foot
to
her
crying
baby,
signaling:"
Climb
on
me.
"
The
youngster
immediately
jumps
on
to
its
mothers
back
and
they
travel
off
together.
"The
big
message
from
this
study
is
that
there
is
another
species
(物种)
out
there.
that
is
meaningful
in
its
communication,
so
that's
not
unique
to
humans,"
said
Dr
Hobaiter.
Dr
Susanne
Shultz,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)an
evolutionary
biologist
from
the
University
of
Manchester,
said
the
study
was
praiseworthy
in
seeking
to
enrich
our
knowledge
of
the
evolution
of
human
language.
But,
she
added,
the
results
were
"a
little
disappointing".
"The
vaguenes
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
of
the
gesture
meanings
suggests
either
that
the
chimps
have
little
to
communicate,
or
we
are
still
missing
a
lot
of
the
information
contained
in
their
gestures
and
actions,"
she
said.
"Moreover,
the
meanings
seem
to
not
go
beyond
what
other
animal
convey
with
non-verbal
communication.
So,
it
seems
the
gulf
remains.
"
44．What
do
chimps
and
humans
have
in
common
according
to
Dr
Hobaiter?
A．Memorizing
specific
words.
B．Understanding
complex
information.
C．Using
voices
to
communicate.
D．Communicating
messages
on
purpose.
45．What
did
Dr
Shultz
think
of
the
study?
A．It
was
well
designed
but
poorly
conducted.
B．It
was
a
good
try
but
the
findings
were
limited.
C．It
was
inspiring
but
the
evidence
was
unreliable.
D．It
was
a
failure
but
the
methods
deserved
praise.
46．What
does
the
underlined
word
"gulf"
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A．Difference.
B．Conflict.
C．Balance.
D．Connection.
47．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Chimpanzee
behaviour
study
achieved
a
breakthrough
B．Chimpanzees
developed
specific
communication
skills
C．Chimpanzees:
the
smartest
species
in
the
animal
kingdom
D．Chimpanzee
language:
communication
gestures
translated
【答案】
44．D
45．B
46．A
47．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的“Only
humans
and
chimps,
she
said,
had
a
system
of
communication
where
they
deliberately
sent
a
message
to
another
group
member.（她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息）”可知，根据Dr
Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)六段中的“Dr
Susanne
Shultz,
an
evolutionary
biologist
from
the
University
of
Manchester,
said
the
study
was
praiseworthy
in
seeking
to
enrich
our
knowledge
of
the
evolution
of
human
language.
But,
she
added,
the
results
were“a
little
disappointing”（曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”）”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。
46．词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“They’re
the
only
thing
that
looks
like
human
language
in
that
respect.（在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西）”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover,
the
meanings
seem
to
not
go
beyond
what
other
animals
convey
with
non-verbal
communications.（此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So,
it
seems
the
gulf
remains.（所以，看来差异依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。
47．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Resear
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)chers
say
they
have
translated
the
meaning
of
gestures
that
wild
chimpanzees
use
to
communicate.（研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义）”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以D项：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。
12.（2021年6月浙江卷）C
If
you
ever
ge
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
the
impression
that
your
dog
can
"tell"
whether
you
look
content
or
annoyed,
you
may
be
onto
something.
Dogs
may
indeed
be
able
to
distinguish
between
happy
and
angry
human
faces,
according
to
a
new
study
Researchers
trai
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ned
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images(图像)of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.
During
the
training
stage,
each
dog
was
shown
only
the
upper
half
or
the
lower
half
of
the
person's
face.
The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs'
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person's
face
on
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.
The
researchers
found
that
the
dogs
were
able
to
pick
the
angry
or
happy
face
by
touching
a
picture
of
it
with
their
noses
more
often
than
one
would
expect
by
random
chance.
The
study
showed
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)animals
had
figured
out
how
to
apply
what
they
learned
about
human
faces
during
training
to
new
faces
in
the
testing
stage.
"We
can
rule
out
that
the
dogs
simply
distinguish
between
the
pictures
based
on
a
simple
cue,
such
as
the
sight
of
teeth,"
said
study
author
Corsin
Muller.
"Instead,
our
results
suggest
that
the
successful
dogs
realized
that
a
smiling
mouth
means
the
same
thing
as
smiling
eyes,
and
the
same
rule
applies
to
an
angry
mouth
having
the
same
meaning
as
angry
eyes."
"With
our
study,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)we
think
we
can
now
confidently
conclude
that
at
least
some
dogs
can
distinguish
human
facial
expressions,"
Muller
told
Live
Science.
At
this
point,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
is
not
clear
why
dogs
seem
to
be
equipped
with
the
ability
to
recognize
different
facial
expressions
in
humans.
"To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,"
and
this
exposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them,
Muller
said.
8.
The
new
study
focused
on
whether
dogs
can_________.
A.
distinguish
shapes
B.
make
sense
of
human
faces
C.
feel
happy
or
angry
D.
communicate
with
each
other
9.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
study
from
paragraph
2?
A.
Researchers
tested
the
dogs
in
random
order.
B.
Diverse
methods
were
adopted
during
training.
C.
Pictures
used
in
the
two
stages
were
different
D.
The
dogs
were
photographed
before
the
lest.
10.
What
is
the
last
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
A
suggesti
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on
for
future
studies.
B.
A
possible
reason
for
the
study
findings.
C.
A
major
limitati
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on
of
the
study
D.
An
explanation
of
the
research
method.
【答案】8.
B
9.
C
10.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究证明狗能够识别人类面部表情，但目前还不清楚它们为什么有这种能力，可能的原因是它们长时间与人类共同生活。
【8题】细节理解题。根据第二
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段的“Researchers
trained
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images
of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.(研究人员训练了11只狗来区分同一个人脸上的表情是高兴还是愤怒)”可知，该新研究的关注点是狗是否能够区分人的面部表情。故选B。
【9题】细节理解题。根据第二段的“D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uring
the
training
stage,
each
dog
was
shown
only
the
upper
half
or
the
lower
half
of
the
person’s
face.
The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs’
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person’s
face
or
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.(在训练阶段，每只狗只看到人脸的上半部分或下半部分。研究人员随后测试了狗辨别人类面部表情的能力，向狗展示了人的另一半面部或与训练中使用的完全不同的图像)”可知，在训练和测试阶段，狗看的照片是不一样的。故选C。
【10题】主旨大意题。根据最后
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一段的““To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,
and
this
exposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them”
Muller
said.(Muller说：“对我们来说，最可能的解释似乎是，基于他们与人类生活在一起，这让他们有很多机会接触人类的面部表情，而这种接触为他们提供了很多机会，让他们学会区分他们。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了狗能够辨别人类面部表情的可能原因。故选B。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）B
Returning
to
a
boo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)k
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity
-
but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rerea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ding
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
There
are
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ree
books
I
reread
annually
The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cortazar.
While
I
tend
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifs,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
24.
Why
does
the
author
like
rereading?
A.
It
evaluates
the
writer-reader
relationship.
B.
It’s
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
C.
It’s
a
substitute
for
drinking
with
a
friend.
D.
It
extends
the
understanding
of
oneself.
25.
What
do
we
know
about
the
book
A
Moveable
Feas!?
A.
It’s
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
B.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
life
as
a
young
man.
C.
It’s
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
D.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
friends
in
Paris.
26.
What
does
the
underlined
word
＂currency＂
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Debt
B.
Reward.
C
Allowance.
D.
Face
value.
27.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?21
cnjy
com
A.
He
loves
poetry.
B.
He’s
an
editor.
C.
He’s
very
ambitious.
D.
He
teaches
reading.
【答案】24.
D
25.
B
26.
B
27.
A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书。作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍。
24.推理判断题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一段最后两句“But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.(但是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
register.
It
is
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D项。
25.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Publi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)shed
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.”及“an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。由此可判断出A
Movable
Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项。
26.词义猜测题。根据最后
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一段中“while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.”意为“但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。
27.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
third
book
is
Julio
Cortázar’s
Save
Twilight:
selected
poems,
because
poetry.(第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城:
诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A项。
2.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）C
Race
walking
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
shares
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
It
does,
however,
have
its
own
problem.
Race
walkers
are
cond
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)itioned
athletes.
The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50-kilometer
race
walk,
which
is
about
five
miles
longer
than
the
marathon.
But
the
sport’s
rules
require
that
a
race
walker’s
knees
stay
straight
through
most
of
the
leg
swing
and
one
foot
remain
in
contact
(接触)
with
the
ground
at
all
times.
It’s
this
strange
form
that
makes
race
walking
such
an
attractive
activity,
however,
says
Jaclyn
Norberg,
an
assistant
professor
of
exercise
science
at
Salem
State
University
in
Salem,
Mass.
Like
running,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
race
walking
is
physically
demanding,
she
says,
According
to
most
calculations,
race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour,
which
is
approximately
twice
as
many
as
they
would
burn
walking,
although
fewer
than
running,
which
would
probably
burn
about
1,000
or
more
calories
per
hour.
However,
race
walking
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)does
not
pound
the
body
as
much
as
running
does,
Dr.
Norberg
says.
According
to
her
research,
runners
hit
the
ground
with
as
much
as
four
times
their
body
weight
per
step,
while
race
walkers,
who
do
not
leave
the
ground,
create
only
about
1.4
times
their
body
weight
with
each
step.
As
a
result,
she
says,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
But
the
sport’s
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,
so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.
In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
It
takes
some
practice.
28.
Why
are
race
walkers
conditioned
athletes?
A.
They
must
run
long
distances.
B.
They
are
qualified
for
the
marathon.
C.
They
have
to
follow
special
rules.
D.
They
are
good
at
swinging
their
legs.
29.
What
advantage
does
race
walking
have
over
running?
A.
It’s
more
popular
at
the
Olympics.
B.
It’s
less
challenging
physically.
C.
It’s
more
effective
in
body
building.
D.
It’s
less
likely
to
cause
knee
injuries.
30.
What
is
Dr.
Norberg’s
suggestion
for
someone
trying
race
walking?21·cn·jy·com
A.
Getting
experts’
opinions.
B.
Having
a
medical
checkup.
C.
Hiring
an
experienced
coach.
D.
Doing
regular
exercises.
31.
Which
word
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
race
walking?
A.
Skeptical.
B.
Objective.
C.
Tolerant.
D中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题01阅读理解之说明文
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）C
When
the
explorers
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)irst
set
foot
upon
the
continent
of
North
America,
the
skies
and
lands
were
alive
with
an
astonishing
variety
of
wildlife.
Native
Americans
had
taken
care
of
these
precious
natural
resources
wisely.
Unfortunately,
it
took
the
explorers
and
the
settlers
who
followed
only
a
few
decades
to
decimate
a
large
part
of
these
resources.
Millions
of
waterfowl
(
水
禽
)
were
killed
at
the
hands
of
market
hunters
and
a
handful
of
overly
ambitious
sportsmen.
Millions
of
acres
of
wetlands
were
dried
to
feed
and
house
the
ever-increasing
populations,
greatly
reducing
waterfowl
habitat.
In
1934,
with
the
pas
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sage
of
the
Migratory
Bird
Hunting
Stamp
Act
(Act),
an
increasingly
concerned
nation
took
firm
action
to
stop
the
destruction
of
migratory
(
迁徙的)
waterfowl
and
the
wetlands
so
vital
to
their
survival.
Under
this
Act,
all
waterfowl
hunters
16
years
of
age
and
over
must
annually
purchase
and
carry
a
Federal
Duck
Stamp.
The
very
first
Federal
Duck
Stamp
was
designed
by
J.N.
“Ding”
Darling,
a
political
cartoonist
from
Des
Moines,
lowa,
who
at
that
time
was
appointed
by
President
Franklin
Roosevelt
as
Director
of
the
Bureau
of
Biological
Survey.
Hunters
willingly
pay
the
stamp
price
to
ensure
the
survival
of
our
natural
resources.
About
98
cents
of
eve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ry
duck
stamp
dollar
goes
directly
into
the
Migratory
Bird
Conservation
Fund
to
purchase
wetlands
and
wildlife
habitat
for
inclusion
into
the
National
Wildlife
Refuge
System
—
a
fact
that
ensures
this
land
will
be
protected
and
available
for
all
generations
to
come.
Since
1934,
better
than
half
a
billion
dollars
has
gone
into
that
Fund
to
purchase
more
than
5
million
acres
of
habitat.
Little
wonder
the
Federal
Duck
Stamp
Program
has
been
called
one
of
the
most
successful
conservation
programs
ever
initiated.
28.
What
was
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
cause
of
the
waterfowl
population
decline
in
North
America?
A.
Loss
of
wetlands.
B.
Popularity
of
water
sports.
C.
Pollution
of
rivers.
D.
Arrival
of
other
wild
animals.
29.
What
does
the
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nderlined
word
“decimate”
mean
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Acquire.
B.
Export.
C.
Destroy.
D.
Distribute.
30.
What
is
a
direct
result
of
the
Act
passed
in
1934?
A.
The
stamp
pric
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
has
gone
down.
B.
The
migratory
birds
have
flown
away.
C.
The
hunters
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
stopped
hunting.
D.
The
government
has
collected
money.
31.
Which
of
the
following
is
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Federal
Duck
St
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)amp
Story
B.
The
National
Wildlife
Refuge
System
C.
The
Benefi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ts
of
Saving
Waterfowl
D.
The
History
of
Migratory
Bird
Hunting
2.（2021年新高考I卷）D
Popularizat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ion
has
in
some
cases
changed
the
original
meaning
of
emotional
(情感的)
intellingence.
Many
people
now
misunderstand
emotional
intelligence
as
almost
everything
desirable
in
a
person's
makeup
that
cannot
be
measured
by
an
IQ
test,
such
as
character,
motivation,
confidence,
mental
stability,
optimism
and
“people
skills.”
Research
has
shown
that
emotional
skills
may
contribute
to
some
of
these
qualities,
but
most
of
them
move
far
beyond
skill-based
emotional
intelligence.
We
prefer
to
descri
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)be
emotional
intelligence
as
a
specific
set
of
skills
that
can
be
used
for
either
good
or
bad
purposes.
The
ability
to
accurately
understand
how
others
are
feeling
may
be
used
by
a
doctor
to
find
how
best
to
help
her
patients,
while
a
cheater
might
use
it
to
control
potential
victims.
Being
emotionally
intelligent
does
not
necessarily
make
one
a
moral
person.
Although
popular
be
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)liefs
regarding
emotional
intelligence
run
far
ahead
of
what
research
can
reasonably
support,
the
overall
effects
of
the
publicity
have
been
more
beneficial
than
harmful.
The
most
positive
aspect
of
this
popularization
is
a
new
and
much
needed
emphasis
(重视)
on
emotion
by
employers,
educators
and
others
interested
in
promoting
social
well-being.
The
popularization
of
emotional
intelligence
has
helped
both
the
public
and
researchers
re-evaluate
the
functionality
of
emotions
and
how
they
serve
people
adaptively
in
everyday
life.
Although
the
cont
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)inuing
popular
appeal
of
emotional
intelligence
is
desirable,
we
hope
that
such
attention
will
excite
a
greater
interest
in
the
scientific
and
scholarly
study
of
emotion.
It
is
our
hope
that
in
coming
decades,
advances
in
science
will
offer
new
perspectives
(视角)
from
which
to
study
how
people
manage
their
lives.
Emotional
intelligence,
with
its
focus
on
both
head
and
heart,
may
serve
to
point
us
in
the
right
direction.
32.
What
is
a
common
misunderstanding
of
emotional
intelligence?
A.
It
can
be
measure
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
by
an
IQ
test.
B.
It
helps
to
exercise
a
person’s
mind.
C.
It
includes
a
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)et
of
emotional
skills.
D.
It
refers
to
a
person’s
positive
qualities.
33.
Why
does
the
au
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)thor
mention
“doctor”
and
“cheater”
in
paragraph
2?
A.
To
explain
a
rule.
B.
To
clarify
a
concept.
C.
To
present
a
fact.
D.
To
make
a
prediction.
34.
What
is
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
author’s
attitude
to
the
popularization
of
emotional
intelligence?
A.
Favorable.
B.
Intolerant.
C.
Doubtful.
D.
Unclear.
35.
What
does
the
l
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ast
paragraph
mainly
talk
about
concerning
emotional
intelligence?
A.
Its
appeal
to
the
public.
B.
Expectations
for
future
studies.
C.
Its
practical
application.
D.
Scientists
with
new
perspectives.
3.（2021年全国甲卷）B
Port
Lympne
Reserve,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)which
runs
a
breeding
(繁育)
programme,
has
welcomed
the
arrival
of
a
rare
black
rhino
calf
(犀牛幼崽).
When
the
tiny
creature
arrived
on
January
31,
she
became
the
40th
black
rhino
to
be
born
at
the
reserve.
And
officials
at
Port
Lympne
were
delighted
with
the
new
arrival,
especially
as
black
rhinos
are
known
for
being
difficult
to
breed
in
captivity
(圈养).
Paul
Beer,
hea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
of
rhino
section
at
Port
Lympne,
said:
“Obviously
we're
all
absolutely
delighted
to
welcome
another
calf
to
our
black
rhino
family.
She's
healthy,
strong
and
already
eager
to
play
and
explore.
Her
mother,
Solio,
is
a
first-time
mum
and
she
is
doing
a
fantastic
job.
It's
still
a
little
too
cold
for
them
to
go
out
into
the
open,
but
as
soon
as
the
weather
warms
up,
I
have
no
doubt
that
the
little
one
will
be
out
and
about
exploring
and
playing
every
day.”
The
adorable
female
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
calf
is
the
second
black
rhino
born
this
year
at
the
reserve,
but
it
is
too
early
to
tell
if
the
calves
will
make
good
candidates
to
be
returned
to
protected
areas
of
the
wild.
The
first
rhino
to
be
born
at
Port
Lympne
arrived
on
January
5
to
first-time
mother
Kisima
and
weighed
about
32kg.
His
mother,
grandmother
and
great
grandmother
were
all
born
at
the
reserve
and
still
live
there.
According
to
the
Wo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rld
Wildlife
Fund,
the
global
black
rhino
population
has
dropped
as
low
as
5500,
giving
the
rhinos
a
“critically
endangered”
status.
4.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
breeding
programme?
A.
Costly.
B.
Controversial.
C.
Ambitious.
D.
Successful.
5.
What
does
Paul
Beer
say
about
the
new-born
rhino?
A.
She
loves
staying
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
with
her
mother.
B.
She
dislikes
outdoor
activities.
C.
She
is
in
good
condition
D.
She
is
sensitive
to
heat.
6.
What
similar
experience
do
Solio
and
Kisima
have?
A.
They
had
their
firs
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
born
in
January.
B.
They
enjoyed
exploring
new
places
C.
They
lived
with
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
their
grandmothers.
D.
They
were
brought
to
the
reserve
young
7.
What
can
be
inferred
about
Porn
Lympne
Reserve?
A.
The
rhino
section
will
be
open
to
the
public.
B.
It
aims
to
control
the
number
of
the
animals.
C.
It
will
continue
to
work
with
the
World
Wildlife
Fund.
D.
Some
of
its
rhinos
may
be
sent
to
the
protected
wild
areas.
4.（2021年全国乙卷）A
The
Biggest
Stadiums
in
the
World
People
have
been
po
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uring
into
stadiums
since
the
days
of
ancient
Greece.
In
around
80
A.D.,
the
Romans
built
the
Colosseum,
which
remains
the
world’s
best
known
stadium
and
continues
to
inform
contemporary
design.
Rome’s
Colosseum
was
157
feet
tall
and
had
80
entrances,
seating
50,000
people.
However,
that
was
small
fry
compared
with
the
city’s
Circus
Maximus,
which
accommodated
around
250,000
people.
These
days,
safety
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)egulations-not
to
mention
the
modern
sports
fan’s
desire
for
a
good
view
and
comfortable
seat—tend
to
keep
stadium
capacities（容量）
slightly
lower.
Even
soccer
fans
tend
to
have
a
seat
each;
gone
are
the
days
of
thousands
standing
to
watch
the
match.
For
the
biggest
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tadiums
in
the
world,
we
have
used
data
supplied
by
the
World
Atlas
list
so
far,
which
ranks
them
by
their
stated
permanent
capacity,
as
well
as
updated
information
from
official
stadium
websites.
All
these
stadiums
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
are
still
funtiona1,
still
open
and
still
hosting
the
biggest
events
in
world
sport.
·Rungrado
1st
of
Ma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
Stadium,
Pyongyang
D.P.R.
Korea.
Capacity:
150,000.
Opened:
May
1,1989.
·Michigan
Stad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ium,
Ann
Arbor,
Michigan,
U.
S.
Capacity:
107,601.
Opened:
October
1,
1927.
·Beaver
Stadi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)um,
State
College,
Pennsylvania,
U.
S.
Capacity:
106,572.
Opened:
September
17,
1960.
·Ohio
Stadium,
Columb
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)us,
Ohio,
U.
S.
Capacity:
104,944.
Opened:
October
7,1922.
·Kyle
Field,
College
S
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tation,
Texas,
U.
S.
Capacity:
102,512.
Opened:
September
24,
1927.
21.
How
many
people
could
the
Circus
Maximus
hold?
A.
104,944.
B.
107,601.
C.
About
150,000.
D.
About
250,000.
22.
Of
the
following
stadiums,
which
is
the
oldest?
A.
Michigan
Stadium.
B
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
Beaver
Stadium.
C.
Ohio
Stadium.
D.
Kyle
Field.
23.
What
do
the
listed
stadiums
have
in
common?
A.
They
host
big
games.
B.
They
have
become
tourist
attractions.
C.
They
were
built
by
Americans.
D.
They
are
favored
by
architects.
5.（2021年全国乙卷）B
When
almost
ev
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eryone
has
a
mobile
phone,
why
are
more
than
half
of
Australian
homes
still
paying
for
a
landline（座机）?
These
days
you’d
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
be
hard
pressed
to
find
anyone
in
Australia
over
the
age
of
15
who
doesn’t
own
a
mobile
phone.
In
fact
plenty
of
younger
kids
have
one
in
their
pocket.
Practically
everyone
can
make
and
receive
calls
anywhere,
anytime.
Still,
55
percent
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Australians
have
a
landline
phone
at
home
and
only
just
over
a
quarter
（29%）
rely
only
on
their
smartphones
according
to
a
survey
（调查）.
Of
those
Australians
who
still
have
a
landline,
a
third
concede
that
it’s
not
really
necessary
and
they’re
keeping
it
as
a
security
blanket
—
19
percent
say
they
never
use
it
while
a
further
13
percent
keep
it
in
case
of
emergencies.
I
think
my
home
falls
into
that
category.
More
than
half
of
A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ustralian
homes
are
still
choosing
to
stick
with
their
home
phone.
Age
is
naturally
a
factor（因素）—
only
58
percent
of
Generation
Ys
still
use
landlines
now
and
then,
compared
to
84
percent
of
Baby
Boomers
who’ve
perhaps
had
the
same
home
number
for
50
years.
Age
isn’t
the
only
factor;
I’d
say
it’s
also
to
do
with
the
makeup
of
your
household.
Generation
Xers
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ith
young
families,
like
my
wife
and
I,
can
still
find
it
convenient
to
have
a
home
phone
rather
than
providing
a
mobile
phone
for
every
family
member.
That
said,
to
be
honest
the
only
people
who
ever
ring
our
home
phone
are
our
Baby
Boomers
parents,
to
the
point
where
we
play
a
game
and
guess
who
is
calling
before
we
pick
up
the
phone（using
Caller
ID
would
take
the
fun
out
of
it）.
How
attached
are
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
you
to
your
landline?
How
long
until
they
go
the
way
of
gas
street
lamps
and
morning
milk
deliveries?
24.
What
does
paragraph
2
mainly
tell
us
about
mobile
phones?
A.
Their
target
users.
B.
Their
wide
popularity.
C.
Their
major
functions.
D.
Their
complex
design.
25.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“concede”
in
paragraph
3
mean?
A.
Admit.
B.
Argue.
C.
Remember.
D.
Remark.
26.
What
can
we
say
about
Baby
Boomers?
A.
They
like
smartp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hone
games.
B.
They
enjoy
guessing
callers’
identity.
C.
They
keep
usin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)g
landline
phones.
D.
They
are
attached
to
their
family.
27.
What
can
be
inferred
about
the
landline
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
It
remains
a
family
necessity.
B.
It
will
fall
out
of
use
some
day.
C.
It
may
increase
daily
expenses.
D.
It
is
as
important
as
the
gas
light.
6.（2021年全国乙卷）C
You’ve
heard
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)plastic
is
polluting
the
oceans
—
between
4.8
and
12.7
million
tonnes
enter
ocean
ecosystems
every
year.
But
does
one
plastic
straw
or
cup
really
make
a
difference?
Artist
Benjamin
Von
Wong
wants
you
to
know
that
it
does.
He
builds
massive
sculptures
out
of
plastic
garbage,
forcing
viewers
to
re-examine
their
relationship
to
single-use
plastic
products.
At
the
beginning
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
year,
the
artist
built
a
piece
called
“Strawpocalypse,”
a
pair
of
10-foot-tall
plastic
waves,
frozen
mid-crash.
Made
of
168,000
plastic
straws
collected
from
several
volunteer
beach
cleanups,
the
sculpture
made
its
first
appearance
at
the
Estella
Place
shopping
center
in
Ho
Chi
Minh
City,
Vietnam.
Just
9%
of
g
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lobal
plastic
waste
is
recycled.
Plastic
straws
are
by
no
means
the
biggest
source（来源）of
plastic
pollution,
but
they’ve
recently
come
under
fire
because
most
people
don’t
need
them
to
drink
with
and,
because
of
their
small
size
and
weight,
they
cannot
be
recycled.
Every
straw
that’s
part
of
Von
Wong’s
artwork
likely
came
from
a
drink
that
someone
used
for
only
a
few
minutes.
Once
the
drink
is
gone,
the
straw
will
take
centuries
to
disappear.
In
a
piece
from
2
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)018,
Von
Wong
wanted
to
illustrate（说明）
a
specific
statistic:
Every
60
seconds,
a
truckload’s
worth
of
plastic
enters
the
ocean.
For
this
work,
titled
“Truckload
of
Plastic,”
Von
Wong
and
a
group
of
volunteers
collected
more
than
10,000
pieces
of
plastic,
which
were
then
tied
together
to
look
like
they’d
been
dumped（倾倒）
from
a
truck
all
at
once.
Von
Wong
hop
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)es
that
his
work
will
also
help
pressure
big
companies
to
reduce
their
plastic
footprint.
28.
What
are
Von
Wong’s
artworks
intended
for?
A.
Beautifying
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
city
he
lives
in.
B.
Introducing
eco-friendly
products.
C.
Drawing
publi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)c
attention
to
plastic
waste.
D.
Reducing
garbage
on
the
beach.
29.
Why
does
the
author
discuss
plastic
straws
in
paragraph
3?
A.
To
show
the
difficulty
of
their
recycling.
B.
To
explain
why
they
are
useful.
C.
To
voice
his
views
on
modern
art.
D.
To
find
a
substitute
for
them.
30.
What
effect
would
“Truckload
of
Plastic”
have
on
viewers?
A.
Calming.
B.
Disturbing.
C.
Refreshing.
D.
Challenging.
31.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Artists’
Opinions
on
Plastic
Safety
B.
Media
Interest
in
Contemporary
Art
C.
Responsibility
Demanded
of
Big
Companies
D.
Ocean
Plastics
Transformed
into
Sculptures
7.（2021年全国乙卷）D
During
an
intervi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ew
for
one
of
my
books,
my
interviewer
said
something
I
still
think
about
often.
Annoyed
by
the
level
of
distraction（干扰）in
his
open
office,
he
said,
“That’s
why
I
have
a
membership
at
the
coworking
space
across
the
street
—
so
I
can
focus”.
His
comment
struck
me
as
strange.
After
all,
coworking
spaces
also
typically
use
an
open
office
layout（布局）.
But
I
recently
came
across
a
study
that
shows
why
his
approach
works.
The
researche
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rs
examined
various
levels
of
noise
on
participants
as
they
completed
tests
of
creative
thinking.
They
were
randomly
divided
into
four
groups
and
exposed
to
various
noise
levels
in
the
background,
from
total
silence
to
50
decibels（分贝）,
70
decibels,
and
85
decibels.
The
differences
between
most
of
the
groups
were
statistically
insignificant;
however,
the
participants
in
the
70
decibels
group
—
those
exposed
to
a
level
of
noise
similar
to
background
chatter
in
a
coffee
shop
—
significantly
outperformed
the
other
groups.
Since
the
effects
were
small,
this
may
suggest
that
our
creative
thinking
does
not
differ
that
much
in
response
to
total
silence
and
85
decibels
of
background
noise.
But
since
the
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)esults
at
70
decibels
were
significant,
the
study
also
suggests
that
the
right
level
of
background
noise
—
not
too
loud
and
not
total
silence
—
may
actually
improve
one’s
creative
thinking
ability.
The
right
level
of
background
noise
may
interrupt
our
normal
patterns
of
thinking
just
enough
to
allow
our
imaginations
to
wander,
without
making
it
impossible
to
focus.
This
kind
of
“distracted
focus”
appears
to
be
the
best
state
for
working
on
creative
tasks.
So
why
do
so
many
of
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
hate
our
open
offices?
The
problem
may
be
that,
in
our
offices,
we
can’t
stop
ourselves
from
getting
drawn
into
others’
conversations
while
we’re
trying
to
focus.
Indeed,
the
researchers
found
that
face-to-face
interactions
and
conversations
affect
the
creative
process,
and
yet
a
coworking
space
or
a
coffee
shop
provides
a
certain
level
of
noise
while
also
providing
freedom
from
interruptions.
32.Why
does
the
interviewer
prefer
a
coworking
space?
A.
It
helps
him
concentrate.
B.
It
blocks
out
background
noise.
C.
It
has
a
pleasa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nt
atmosphere.
D.
It
encourages
face-to-face
interactions.
33.
Which
le
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)vel
of
background
noise
may
promote
creative
thinking
ability?
A.
Total
silence.
B.
50
decibels
C.
70
decibels.
D.
8
5
decibels.
34.
What
makes
an
open
office
unwelcome
to
many
people?
A.
Personal
privacy
unprotected.
B.
Limited
working
space.
C.
Restrictions
on
group
discussion.
D.
Constant
interruptions.
35.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.
He’s
a
news
reporter.
B.
He’s
an
office
manager.
C.
He’s
a
professional
designer.
D.
He’s
a
published
writer.
8.（2021年天津卷）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)A
trial
project
by
the
Montreal
Children's
Hospital
suggested
that
the
use
of
medical
hypnosis(催眠)can
reduce
pain
and
anxiety
in
patients.
The
project
also
resulted
in
a
reduction
in
the
amount
of
medicines
used
to
perform
medical-imaging
imaging(医学影像)
procedures.
“During
the
examin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ation
children
don't
move.
It
works
perfectly.
It's
amazing,“
said
Johanne
L'Ecuyer,
a
medical-imaging
technologist
at
the
hospital.
The
project
was
ins
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pired
by
a
French
team
from
Rouen
University
Hospital
Centre
where
examinations
are
done
under
hypnosis
instead
of
general
anesthesia(麻醉）.
A
French
medical-ima
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ging
technologist-also
a
hypnotist
—
was
invited
to
train
a
few
members
in
the
medical-imaging
department
of
the
children's
hospital.
In
all,
80
examinations
were
conducted
for
the
project
between
January
and
September,
2019,
focusing
on
the
imaging
procedures
that
would
cause
anxiety.
Hypnosis
is
not
a
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tate
of
sleep:
It
is
rather
a
modified(改变的)state
of
consciousness.
The
technologist
will
guide
the
patient
to
this
modified
state—an
imaginary
world
that
will
disassociate
itself
more
and
more
from
the
procedure
that
follows.
“The
technologist
must
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
build
up
a
story
with
the
patient,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
"The
patient
is
left
with
the
power
to
choose
what
he
wants
to
talk
about.
Do
you
play
sports?
Do
you
like
going
to
the
beach?
We
establish
a
subject
that
we
will
discuss
throughout
the
procedure."
Everything
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
happens
next
during
the
procedure
must
be
related
to
this
story
—
an
injection
（注射）becomes
the
bite
of
an
insect;
the
heat
on
the
skin
becomes
the
sensation
of
the
sun
and
a
machine
that
rings
becomes
a
police
car
passing
nearby.
“The
important
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
is
that
the
technologist
associates
what
is
happening
outside
the
patient's
body
with
what
the
patient
sees
in
his
head,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
"It
requires
creativity
on
the
part
of
the
technologist,
imagination,
a
lot
of
patience
and
kindness."
The
procedure
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)appealed
to
the
staff
a
lot
when
it
was
introduced
in
January.
It
spread
like
wildfire
that
someone
from
France
was
here
to
train
the
technologists,"
Ms.
L'Ecuyer
said.
She
added
that
she
had
a
line
of
staff
at
her
door
wanting
to
take
the
training.
51．One
of
the
results
produced
by
the
trial
project
is
________
.
A．a
better
understanding
of
children
B．less
use
of
certain
medicines
C．new
medical-imaging
technology
D．an
improved
reputation
of
the
hospital
52．The
French
technolo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)gist
came
to
the
children's
hospital
to
________.
A．assist
in
treating
a
patient
B．carry
out
hypnosis
training
C．start
up
a
new
department
D．learn
about
the
procedure
53．According
to
Paragraph
5,
hypnosis
works
by
________.
A．creating
a
perfect
world
for
patients
B．forcing
patients
into
a
state
of
deep
sleep
C．putting
patients
into
an
unconscious
state
D．leading
patients'
consciousness
away
from
reality
54．What
can
we
learn
about
the
story
used
in
the
procedure?
A．It
should
keep
pace
with
the
procedure.
B．It
reflects
the
patient's
creativity.
C．It
is
selected
by
the
technologist.
D．It
tells
what
doctors
are
doing
to
the
patient.
55．The
procedure
was
received
among
the
staff
with
________.
A．uncertainty
B．enthusiasm
C．worry
D．criticism
56．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．An
easy
way
to
communicate
with
patients.
B．The
standard
method
of
conducting
hypnosis.
C．An
introduction
of
medical-imaging
technology.
D．The
use
of
hypnosis
in
medical-imaging
procedures.
9.（2021年1月浙江）You
run
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)into
the
grocery
store
to
pick
up
one
bottle
of
water.
You
get
what
you
need,
head
to
the
front,
and
choose
the
line
that
looks
fastest.
www.21-cn-jy.com
You
chose
wrong.
Peopl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
who
you
swear
got
in
other
lines
long
after
you
are
already
checked
out
and
off
to
the
parking
lot.
1．It
turns
out,
it's
just
math
working
against
you;
chances
are,
the
other
line
really
is
faster.
Grocery
stores
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)try
to
have
enough
employees
at
checkout
to
get
all
their
customers
through
with
minimum
delay.
2．Any
small
interruption
-
a
price
check,
a
chatty
customer-can
have
downstream
effects,
holding
up
an
entire
line.
If
there
are
three
lin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)es
in
the
store,
delays
will
happen
randomly
at
different
registers.
Think
about
the
probability:3．So
it's
not
just
in
your
mind:
Another
line
probably
is
moving
faster.
Researchers
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ave
a
good
way
to
deal
with
this
problem.
Make
all
customers
stand
in
one
long,
snaking
line-
called
a
serpentine
line
-
and
serve
each
person
at
the
front
with
the
next
available
register.
4．This
is
what
they
do
at
most
banks
and
fast-food
restaurants.
With
a
serpentine
line,
a
long
delay
at
one
register
won't
unfairly
punish
the
people
who
lined
up
behind
it.
Instead,
it
will
slow
down
everyone
a
little
bit
but
speed
up
checkout
overall.
5．It
takes
ma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ny
registers
to
keep
one
line
moving
quickly,
and
some
stores
can't
afford
the
space
or
manpower.
So
wherever
your
next
wait
may
be:
Good
luck.
A．Why
does
this
always
seem
to
happen
to
you?
B．So
why
don't
most
places
encourage
serpentine
lines?
C．Some
of
the
may
have
stood
in
a
queue
for
almost
an
hour.
D．The
chances
of
your
line
being
the
fastest
are
only
one
in
three.
E.How
high
is
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)probability
that
you
are
in
the
fastest
waiting
line?
F.With
three
registe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rs,
this
method
is
much
faster
than
the
traditional
approach.
G.But
sometimes,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)as
on
a
Sunday
afternoon,
the
system
gets
particularly
busy.
10.（2021年1月浙江卷）At
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
start
of
the
20th
century,
an
American
engineer
named
John
Elfreth
Watkins
made
predictions
about
life
today.
His
predictions
about
slowing
population
growth,
mobile
phones
and
increasing
height
were
close
to
the
mark.
But
he
was
wrong
in
one
prediction:
that
everybody
would
walk
10
miles
a
day.
Today,
in
Aust
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ralia,
most
children
on
average
fall
2,
000
steps
short
of
the
physical
activity
they
need
to
avoid
being
overweight.
In
the
early
1970s,
40
per
cent
of
children
walked
to
school,
while
in
2010,
it
was
as
low
as
15
per
cent.
The
decline
is
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ot
because
we
have
all
become
lazy.
Families
are
pressed
for
time,
many
with
both
parents
working
to
pay
for
their
house,
often
working
hours
not
of
their
choosing,
living
in
car-dependent
neighborhoods
with
limited
public
transport.
The
other
side
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
coin
is
equally
a
deprivation:
for
health
and
well-being,
as
well
as
lost
opportunities（机会）for
children
to
get
to
know
their
local
surroundings.
And
for
parents
there
are
lost
opportunities
to
walk
and
talk
with
their
young
scholar
about
their
day.
Most
parents
will
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)have
eagerly
asked
their
child
about
their
day,
only
to
meet
with
a
“good”,
quickly
followed
by
"I'm
hungry".
This
is
also
my
experience
as
a
mother.
But
somewhere
over
the
daily
walk
more
about
my
son's
day
comes
out.
I
hear
him
making
sense
of
friendship
and
its
limits.
This
is
the
unexpected
and
rare
parental
opportunity
to
hear
more.
Many
primary
scho
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ols
support
walking
school-bus
routes（路线）,
with
days
of
regular,
parent-accompanied
walks.
Doing
just
one
of
these
a
few
times
a
week
is
better
than
nothing.
It
can
be
tough
to
begin
and
takes
a
little
planning-running
shoes
by
the
front
door,
lunches
made
the
night
before,
umbrellas
on
rainy
days
and
hats
on
hot
ones-but
it's
certainly
worth
trying.
41．Why
does
the
au
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)thor
mention
Watkins'
predictions
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．To
make
comparisons.
B．To
introduce
the
topic.
C．To
support
her
argument.
D．To
provide
examples.
42．What
has
cause
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
the
decrease
in
Australian
children's
physical
activity?
A．Plain
laziness.
B．Health
problems.
C．Lack
of
time.
D．Security
concerns.
43．Why
does
the
author
find
walking
with
her
son
worthwhile?
A．She
can
get
relaxed
after
work.
B．She
can
keep
physically
fit.
C．She
can
help
with
her
son's
study.
D．She
can
know
her
son
better.
11.（2021年1月浙
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)江卷）Researchers
say
they
have
translated
the
meaning
of
gestures
that
wild
chimpanzees
(黑猩猩)
use
to
communicate.
They
say
wild
chimps
communicate
19
specific
messages
to
one
another
with
a
"vocabulary"
of
66
gestures.
The
scientists
discovered
this
by
following
and
filming
groups
of
chimps
in
Uganda,
and
examining
more
than
5,000
incidents
of
these
meaningful
exchanges.
Dr
Catherine
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Hobaiter,
who
led
the
research,
said
that
this
was
the
only
form
of
intentional
communication
to
be
recorded
in
the
animal
kingdom.
Only
humans
and
chimps,
she
said,
had
a
system
of
communication
where
they
deliberately
sent
a
message
to
another
group
member.
"That's
what's
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
amazing
about
chimp
gestures,"
she
said.
"They're
the
only
thing
that
looks
like
human
language
in
that
respect.
”
Although
previous
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
research
has
shown
that
apes
and
monkeys
can
understand
complex
information
from
another
animal's
call,
the
animals
do
not
appear
to
use
their
voices
intentionally
to
communicate
messages.
This
was
a
significant
difference
between
calls
and
gestures,
Dr
Hobaiter
said.
Chimps
will
check
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
see
if
they
have
the
attention
of
the
animal
with
which
they
wish
to
communicate.
In
one
case,
a
mother
presents
her
foot
to
her
crying
baby,
signaling:"
Climb
on
me.
"
The
youngster
immediately
jumps
on
to
its
mothers
back
and
they
travel
off
together.
"The
big
message
from
this
study
is
that
there
is
another
species
(物种)
out
there.
that
is
meaningful
in
its
communication,
so
that's
not
unique
to
humans,"
said
Dr
Hobaiter.
Dr
Susanne
Shultz
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
an
evolutionary
biologist
from
the
University
of
Manchester,
said
the
study
was
praiseworthy
in
seeking
to
enrich
our
knowledge
of
the
evolution
of
human
language.
But,
she
added,
the
results
were
"a
little
disappointing".
"The
vagueness
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
gesture
meanings
suggests
either
that
the
chimps
have
little
to
communicate,
or
we
are
still
missing
a
lot
of
the
information
contained
in
their
gestures
and
actions,"
she
said.
"Moreover,
the
meanings
seem
to
not
go
beyond
what
other
animal
convey
with
non-verbal
communication.
So,
it
seems
the
gulf
remains.
"
44．What
do
chimps
and
humans
have
in
common
according
to
Dr
Hobaiter?
A．Memorizing
specific
words.
B．Understanding
complex
information.
C．Using
voices
to
communicate.
D．Communicating
messages
on
purpose.
45．What
did
Dr
Shultz
think
of
the
study?
A．It
was
well
designed
but
poorly
conducted.
B．It
was
a
good
try
but
the
findings
were
limited.
C．It
was
inspiring
but
the
evidence
was
unreliable.
D．It
was
a
failure
but
the
methods
deserved
praise.
46．What
does
the
underlined
word
"gulf"
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A．Difference.
B．Conflict.
C．Balance.
D．Connection.
47．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Chimpanzee
behaviour
study
achieved
a
breakthrough
B．Chimpanzees
developed
specific
communication
skills
C．Chimpanzees:
the
smartest
species
in
the
animal
kingdom
D．Chimpanzee
language:
communication
gestures
translated
12.（2021年6月浙江卷）C
If
you
ever
get
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
impression
that
your
dog
can
"tell"
whether
you
look
content
or
annoyed,
you
may
be
onto
something.
Dogs
may
indeed
be
able
to
distinguish
between
happy
and
angry
human
faces,
according
to
a
new
study
Researchers
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)trained
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images(图像)of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.
During
the
training
stage,
each
dog
was
shown
only
the
upper
half
or
the
lower
half
of
the
person's
face.
The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs'
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person's
face
on
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.
The
researchers
found
that
the
dogs
were
able
to
pick
the
angry
or
happy
face
by
touching
a
picture
of
it
with
their
noses
more
often
than
one
would
expect
by
random
chance.
The
study
showed
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
animals
had
figured
out
how
to
apply
what
they
learned
about
human
faces
during
training
to
new
faces
in
the
testing
stage.
"We
can
rule
out
that
the
dogs
simply
distinguish
between
the
pictures
based
on
a
simple
cue,
such
as
the
sight
of
teeth,"
said
study
author
Corsin
Muller.
"Instead,
our
results
suggest
that
the
successful
dogs
realized
that
a
smiling
mouth
means
the
same
thing
as
smiling
eyes,
and
the
same
rule
applies
to
an
angry
mouth
having
the
same
meaning
as
angry
eyes."
"With
our
study,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
we
think
we
can
now
confidently
conclude
that
at
least
some
dogs
can
distinguish
human
facial
expressions,"
Muller
told
Live
Science.
At
this
point,
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
is
not
clear
why
dogs
seem
to
be
equipped
with
the
ability
to
recognize
different
facial
expressions
in
humans.
"To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,"
and
this
exposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them,
Muller
said.
8.
The
new
study
focused
on
whether
dogs
can_________.
A.
distinguish
shapes
B.
make
sense
of
human
faces
C.
feel
happy
or
angry
D.
communicate
with
each
other
9.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
study
from
paragraph
2?
A.
Researchers
tested
the
dogs
in
random
order.
B.
Diverse
methods
were
adopted
during
training.
C.
Pictures
used
in
the
two
stages
were
different
D.
The
dogs
were
photographed
before
the
lest.
10.
What
is
the
last
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
A
suggest
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ion
for
future
studies.
B.
A
possible
reason
for
the
study
findings.
C.
A
major
limi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tation
of
the
study
D.
An
explanation
of
the
research
method.
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）B
Returning
to
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity
-
but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rer
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eading
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
There
are
three
book
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
I
reread
annually
The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cortazar.
While
I
tend
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifs,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
24.
Why
does
the
author
like
rereading?
A.
It
evaluates
the
writer-reader
relationship.
B.
It’s
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
C.
It’s
a
substitute
for
drinking
with
a
friend.
D.
It
extends
the
understanding
of
oneself.
25.
What
do
we
know
about
the
book
A
Moveable
Feas!?
A.
It’s
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
B.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
life
as
a
young
man.
C.
It’s
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
D.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
friends
in
Paris.
26.
What
does
the
underlined
word
＂currency＂
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Debt
B.
Reward.
C
Allowance.
D.
Face
value.
27.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.
He
loves
poetry.
B.
He’s
an
editor.
C.
He’s
very
ambitious.
D.
He
teaches
reading.
2.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）C
Race
walking
shares
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
It
does,
however,
have
its
own
problem.21世纪教育网版权所有
Race
walkers
are
con
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ditioned
athletes.
The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50-kilometer
race
walk,
which
is
about
five
miles
longer
than
the
marathon.
But
the
sport’s
rules
require
that
a
race
walker’s
knees
stay
straight
through
most
of
the
leg
swing
and
one
foot
remain
in
contact
(接触)
with
the
ground
at
all
times.
It’s
this
strange
form
that
makes
race
walking
such
an
attractive
activity,
however,
says
Jaclyn
Norberg,
an
assistant
professor
of
exercise
science
at
Salem
State
University
in
Salem,
Mass.
Like
running,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)race
walking
is
physically
demanding,
she
says,
According
to
most
calculations,
race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour,
which
is
approximately
twice
as
many
as
they
would
burn
walking,
although
fewer
than
running,
which
would
probably
burn
about
1,000
or
more
calories
per
hour.
However,
rac
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
walking
does
not
pound
the
body
as
much
as
running
does,
Dr.
Norberg
says.
According
to
her
research,
runners
hit
the
ground
with
as
much
as
four
times
their
body
weight
per
step,
while
race
walkers,
who
do
not
leave
the
ground,
create
only
about
1.4
times
their
body
weight
with
each
step.
As
a
result,
she
say
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s,
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
But
the
sport’s
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,
so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.
In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
It
takes
some
practice.
28.
Why
are
race
walkers
conditioned
athletes?
A.
They
must
run
long
distances.
B.
They
are
qualified
for
the
marathon.
C.
They
have
to
follow
special
rules.
D.
They
are
good
at
swinging
their
legs.
29.
What
advantage
does
race
walking
have
over
running?
A.
It’s
more
popular
at
the
Olympics.
B.
It’s
less
challenging
physically.
C.
It’s
more
effective
in
body
building.
D.
It’s
less
likely
to
cause
knee
injuries.
30.
What
is
Dr.
Norberg’s
suggestion
for
someone
trying
race
walking?
A.
Getting
experts’
opinions.
B.
Having
a
medical
checkup.
C.
Hiring
an
experienced
coach.
D.
Doing
regular
exercises.
31.
Which
word
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
race
walking?
A.
Skeptical.
B.
Objective.
C.
Tolerant.
D.
Conservative.
3.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）D
The
connection
betw
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)een
people
and
plants
has
long
been
the
subject
of
scientific
research.
Recent
studies
have
found
positive
effects.
A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown，Ohio，for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another，employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.
The
engineers
at
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology(MIT)have
taken
it
a
step
further
changing
the
actual
composition
of
plants
in
order
to
get
them
to
perform
diverse，even
unusual
functions.
These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they’re
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
＂We’re
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,＂explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
One
of
his
lates
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
projects
has
been
to
make
plants
grow(发光)in
experiments
using
some
common
vegetables.
Strano’s
team
found
that
they
could
create
a
faint
light
for
three-and-a-half
hours.
The
light，about
one-thousandth
of
the
amount
needed
to
read
by，is
just
a
start.
The
technology,
Strano
said,
could
one
day
be
used
to
light
the
rooms
or
even
to
turn
tree
into
self-powered
street
lamps.
in
the
future
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant’s
lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off＂switch＂where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
to
daylight.
Lighting
accounts
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source(电源)-such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway-a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission(传输).
Glowing
plants
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
32.
What
is
the
first
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
A
new
study
of
different
plants.
B.
A
big
fall
in
crime
rates.
C.
Employees
from
various
workplaces.
D.
Benefits
from
green
plants.
33.
What
is
the
fun
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ction
of
the
sensors
printed
on
plant
leaves
by
MIT
engineer?
A.
To
detect
plants’
lack
of
water
B.
To
change
compositions
of
plants
C.
To
make
the
life
of
plants
longer.
D.
To
test
chemicals
in
plants.
34.
What
can
we
expect
of
the
glowing
plants
in
the
future?
A.
They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
B.
They
may
transmit
electricity
to
the
home.
C.
They
might
help
reduce
energy
consumption.
D.
They
could
take
the
place
of
power
plants.
35.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Can
we
grow
more
glowing
plants?
B.
How
do
we
live
with
glowing
plants?
C.
Could
glowing
plants
replace
lamps?
D.
How
are
glowing
plants
made
pollution-free?
4.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）B
Some
parents
will
buy
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
any
high-tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math-related
skills.2·1·c·n·j·y
Psychologist
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
the
University
of
Chicago,
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyz
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
video
recordings
of
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
“The
children
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ho
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
not,
on
tasks
that
assessed
their
ability
to
rotate(旋转)and
translate
shapes,”
Levine
said
in
a
statement.
The
parents
were
ask
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
to
interact
with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher-income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
frequently,
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
skills.
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
parents
of
girls.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Developmental
Science.
24.
In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?【版权所有：21教育】
A.
Building
confidence.
B.
Developing
spatial
skills.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
C.
Learning
self-control.
D.
Gaining
high-tech
knowledge.
25.
What
did
Lev
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ine
take
into
consideration
when
designing
her
experiment？
A.
Parents’
age.
B.
Children’s
imagination.
C.
Parents’
education.
D.
Child-parent
relationship.
26.
How
do
boy
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play?
A.
They
play
with
puzzles
more
often.
B.
They
tend
to
talk
less
during
the
game.
C.
They
prefer
to
use
more
spatial
language.
D.
They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
27.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
A
mathematical
method.
B.
A
scientific
study.
C.
A
woman
psychologist
D.
A
teaching
program.
5.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）C
When
you
were
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
trying
to
figure
out
what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,
fur
probably
didn’t
cross
your
mind.
But
some
ecologists
and
fashion
(时装)enthusiasts
are
trying
to
bring
back
the
market
for
fur
made
from
nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual
fashion
sh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have(showcased)nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
“It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt-free
fur-unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year”,
says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.
Scientists
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
Some
of
the
fur
ends
up
in
the
fashion
shows
like
the
one
in
Brooklyn
last
month.
Nutria
were
brought
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)here
from
Argentina
by
fur
farmers
and
let
go
into
the
wild.
“The
ecosystem
down
there
can’t
handle
this
non-native
species(物种).It’s
destroying
the
environment.
It’s
them
or
us.”
says
Michael
Massimi,
an
expert
in
this
field.
The
fur
trade
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)kept
nutria
check
for
decades，but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s，the
cat-sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
Biologist
Edmon
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
Mouton
runs
the
nutria
control
program
for
Louisiana.
He
says
it’s
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green,
but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
Hunters
bring
in
more
than
300,000
nutria
tails
a
year,
so
part
of
Mouton’s
job
these
days
is
trying
to
promote
fur.
Then
there’s
Right
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eous
Fur
and
its
unusual
fashion.
Morgan
says，”To
give
people
a
guilt-free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them-1
think
that’s
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
here
in
New
York.”
Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
to
come
around
to
the
opinion
that
using
nutria
fur
for
her
creations
is
morally
acceptable.
She
trying
to
come
up
with
a
lable
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco-friendly.
28.
What
is
the
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)urpose
of
the
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn?
A.
To
promote
guilt-free
fur.
B.
To
expand
the
fashion
market.
C.
To
introduce
a
new
brand.
D.
To
celebrate
a
winter
holiday.
29.
Why
are
scientists
concerned
about
nutria?
A.
Nutria
damage
the
ecosystem
seriously.
B.
Nutria
are
an
endangered
species.
C.
Nutria
hurt
local
cat-sized
animals.
D.
Nutria
are
illegally
hunted.
30.
What
does
the
und
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)erlined
word
“collapsed”
in
paragraph
5
probably
mean?
A.
Boomed.
B.
Became
mature.
C.
Remained
stable.
D.
Crashed.
31.
What
can
we
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nfer
abouf
wearing
fur
in
New
York
according
to
Morgan?
A.
It’s
formal.
B.
It’s
risky.
C.
It’s
harmful.
D.
It’s
traditional.
6.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）D
We
are
the
products
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
evolution,
and
not
just
evolution
that
occurred
billions
of
years
ago.
As
scientists
look
deeper
into
our
genes
(基因),
they
are
finding
examples
of
human
evolution
in
just
the
past
few
thousand
years.
People
in
Ethiopian
highlands
have
adapted
to
living
at
high
altitudes.
Cattle
-raising
people
in
East
Africa
and
northern
Europe
have
gained
a
mutation
(突变)
that
helps
them
digest
milk
as
adults.
On
Thursday
in
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
article
published
in
Cell,
a
team
of
researchers
reported
a
new
kind
of
adaptation
-
not
to
air
or
to
food,
but
to
the
ocean.
A
group
of
sea-dwelling
people
in
Southeast
Asia
have
evolved
into
better
divers.
The
Bajau,
as
these
people
are
known,
number
in
the
hundreds
of
thousands
in
Indonesia,
Malaysia
and
the
Philippines.
They
have
traditionally
lived
on
houseboats;
in
recent
times,
they’ve
also
built
houses
on
stilts
(支柱)
in
coastal
waters.
“They
are
simply
a
stranger
to
the
land,”
said
Redney
C.
Jubilado,
a
University
of
Hawaii
researcher
who
studies
the
Bajau.
Dr.
Jubilado
first
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
met
the
Bajau
while
growing
up
on
Samal
Island
in
the
Philippines.
They
made
a
living
as
divers,
spearfishing
or
harvesting
shellfish.
“We
were
so
amazed
that
they
could
stay
underwater
much
longer
than
us
local
islanders,”
Dr.
Jubilado
said.
“I
could
see
them
actually
walking
under
the
sea.”
In201,
Meliss
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
Ilardo,
then
a
graduate
student
in
genetics
at
the
University
of
Copenhagen,
heard
about
the
Bajau.
She
wondered
if
centuries
of
diving
could
have
led
to
the
evolution
of
physical
characteristics
that
made
the
task
easier
for
them.
“it
seemed
like
the
perfect
chance
for
natural
selection
to
act
on
a
population,”
said
Dr.
Ilardo.
She
also
said
there
were
likely
a
number
of
other
genes
that
help
the
Bajau
dive.
32.
What
does
the
auth
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)or
want
to
tell
us
by
the
examples
in
paragraph
1?
A.
Environmental
ad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)aptation
of
cattle
raisers.
B.
New
knowledge
of
human
evolution.
C.
Recent
findings
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
human
origin.
D.
Significance
of
food
selection.
33.
Where
do
the
Bajau
build
their
houses?
A.
In
valleys.
B.
Near
rivers.
C.
On
the
beach.
D.
Off
the
coast.
34.
Why
was
the
young
Jubilado
astonished
at
the
Bajau?
A.
They
could
walk
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)stilts
all
day.
B.
They
had
a
superb
way
of
fishing.
C.
They
could
stay
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)long
underwater.
D.
They
lived
on
both
land
and
water.
35.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Bodies
Remodeled
for
a
Life
at
Sea
B.
Highlanders’
Survival
Skills
C.
Basic
Methods
of
Genetic
Research
D.
The
World’s
Best
Divers
7.（2020·江苏卷）B
Sometimes
it
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)’s
hard
to
let
go.
For
many
British
people,
that
can
apply
to
institutions
and
objects
that
represent
their
country’s
past-age-old
castles,
splendid
homes…
and
red
phone
boxes.
Beaten
first
by
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
march
of
technology
and
lately
by
the
terrible
weather
in
junkyards
(废品场),
the
phone
boxes
representative
of
an
age
are
now
making
something
of
a
comeback.
Adapted
in
imaginative
ways,
many
have
reappeared
on
city
streets
and
village
greens
housing
tiny
cafes,
cellphone
repair
shops
or
even
defibrillator
machines
(除颤器).
The
original
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ron
boxes
with
the
round
roofs
first
appeared
in
1926.
They
were
designed
by
Giles
Gilbert
Scott,
the
architect
of
the
Battersea
Power
Station
in
London.
After
becoming
an
important
part
of
many
British
streets,
the
phone
boxes
began
disappearing
in
the
1980s,
with
the
rise
of
the
mobile
phone
sending
most
of
them
away
to
the
junkyards.
About
that
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ime,
Tony
Inglis’
engineering
and
transport
company
got
the
job
to
remove
phone
boxes
from
the
streets
and
sell
them
out.
But
Inglis
ended
up
buying
hundreds
of
them
himself,
with
the
idea
of
repairing
and
selling
them.
He
said
that
he
had
heard
the
calls
to
preserve
the
boxes
and
had
seen
how
some
of
them
were
listed
as
historic
buildings.
As
Inglis
an
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d,
later
other
businessmen,
got
to
work,
repurposed
phone
boxes
began
reappearing
in
cities
and
villages
as
people
found
new
uses
for
them.
Today,
they
are
once
again
a
familiar
sight,
playing
roles
that
are
often
just
as
important
for
the
community
as
their
original
purpose.
In
rural
areas,
where
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ambulances
can
take
a
relatively
long
time
to
arrive,
the
phone
boxes
have
taken
on
a
lifesaving
role.
Local
organizations
can
adopt
them
for
l
pound,
and
install
defibrillators
to
help
in
emergencies.
Others
also
looked
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
the
phone
boxes
and
saw
business
opportunities.
LoveFone,
a
company
that
advocates
repairing
cellphones
rather
than
abandoning
them,
opened
a
mini
workshop
in
a
London
phone
box
in
2016.
The
tiny
shops
made
ec
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)onomic
sense,
according
to
Robert
Kerr,
a
founder
of
LoveFone.
He
said
that
one
of
the
boxes
generated
around
$13,500
in
revenue
a
month
and
cost
only
about
$400
to
rent.
Inglis
said
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hone
boxes
called
to
mind
an
age
when
things
were
built
to
last.
I
“like
what
they
are
to
people,
and
I
enjoy
bringing
things
back,”
he
said.
58.
The
phone
boxes
are
making
a
comeback
______.
A.
to
form
a
beautiful
sight
of
the
city
B.
to
improve
telecommunications
services
C.
to
remind
people
of
a
historical
period
D.
to
meet
the
requirement
of
green
economy
59.
Why
did
the
phone
boxes
begin
to
go
out
of
service
in
the
1980s?
A.
They
were
not
well-designed.
B.
They
provided
bad
services.
C.
They
had
too
short
a
history.
D.
They
lost
to
new
technologies.
60.
The
phone
boxes
are
becoming
popular
mainly
because
of
______.
A.
their
new
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)appearance
and
lower
prices
B.
the
push
of
the
local
organizations
C.
their
changed
roles
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
and
functions
D.
the
big
funding
of
the
businessmen
8.（2020·江苏卷）C
For
those
who
can
sto
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mach
it,
working
out
before
breakfast
may
be
more
beneficial
for
health
than
eating
first,
according
to
a
study
of
meal
timing
and
physical
activity.
Athletes
and
scientists
have
long
known
that
meal
timing
affects
performance.
However
far
less
has
been
known
about
how
meal
timing
and
exercise
might
affect
general
health.
To
find
out,
British
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)scientists
conducted
a
study.
They
first
found
10
overweight
and
inactive
but
otherwise
healthy
young
men,
whose
lifestyles
are,
for
better
and
worse,
representative
of
those
of
most
of
us.
They
tested
the
men’s
fitness
and
resting
metabolic
(新陈代谢的)
rates
and
took
samples
(样品)
of
their
blood
and
fat
tissue.
Then,
on
two
separate
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
morning
visits
to
the
scientists’
lab,
each
man
walked
for
an
hour
at
an
average
speed
that,
in
theory
should
allow
his
body
to
rely
mainly
on
fat
for
fuel.
Before
one
of
these
workouts,
the
men
skipped
breakfast,
meaning
that
they
exercised
on
a
completely
empty
stomach
after
a
long
overnight
fast
(禁食).
On
the
other
occasion,
they
ate
a
rich
morning
meal
about
two
hours
before
they
started
walking.
Just
before
and
an
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
hour
after
each
workout,
the
scientists
took
additional
samples
of
the
men’s
blood
and
fat
tissue.
Then
they
compared
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
samples.
There
were
considerable
differences.
Most
obviously,
the
men
displayed
lower
blood
sugar
levels
at
the
start
of
their
workouts
when
they
had
skipped
breakfast
than
when
they
had
eaten.
As
a
result,
they
burned
more
fat
during
walks
on
an
empty
stomach
than
when
they
had
eaten
first.
On
the
other
hand,
they
burned
slightly
more
calories
(卡路里),
on
average,
during
the
workout
after
breakfast
than
after
fasting.
But
it
was
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
effects
deep
within
the
fat
cells
that
may
have
been
the
most
significant,
the
researchers
found.
Multiple
genes
behaved
differently,
depending
on
whether
someone
had
eaten
or
not
before
walking.
Many
of
these
genes
produce
proteins
(蛋白质)
that
can
improve
blood
sugar
regulation
and
insulin
(胰岛素)
levels
throughout
the
body
and
so
are
associated
with
improved
metabolic
health.
These
genes
were
much
more
active
when
the
men
had
fasted
before
exercise
than
when
they
had
breakfasted.
The
implication
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)these
results
is
that
to
gain
the
greatest
health
benefits
from
exercise,
it
may
be
wise
to
skip
eating
first.
61.
The
underlined
ex
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pression
“stomach
it”
in
Paragraph
1
most
probably
means
“______”.
A.
digest
the
meal
easily
B.
manage
without
breakfast
C.
decide
wisely
what
to
eat
D.
eat
whatever
is
offered
62.
Why
were
the
10
people
chosen
for
the
experiment?
A.
Their
lifestyles
were
typical
of
ordinary
people.
B.
Their
lack
of
exercise
led
to
overweight.
C.
They
could
walk
at
an
average
speed.
D.
They
had
slow
metabolic
rates.
63.
What
happened
to
those
who
ate
breakfast
before
exercise?
A.
They
successfully
lost
weight.
B.
They
consumed
a
bit
more
calories.
C.
They
burned
more
fat
on
average.
D.
They
displayed
higher
insulin
levels.
64.
What
could
be
learned
from
the
research?
A.
A
workout
after
breakfast
improves
gene
performances.21cnjy.com
B.
Too
much
workout
often
slows
metabolic
rates.
C.
Lifestyle
is
not
as
important
as
morning
exercise.
D.
Physical
exercise
before
breakfast
is
better
for
health.
9.（2020·山东卷）D
According
to
a
recent
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
In
the
first,
95
undergraduate
women
were
individually
invited
into
a
lab
to
ostensibly(表面上)participate
in
a
study
about
movie
viewership.
Before
the
film
began,
each
woman
was
asked
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
An
actor
hired
by
the
researchers
grabbed
her
food
first.
In
her
natural
state,
the
actor
weighed
105
pounds.
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
Both
the
fat
and
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)in
versions
of
the
actor
took
a
large
amount
of
food.
The
participants
followed
suit,
taking
more
food
than
they
normally
would
have.
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
For
the
second
te
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)st,
in
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.
In
the
other
case,
she
took
30
pieces.
The
results
were
similar
to
the
first
test:
the
participants
followed
suit
but
took
significantly
more
candy
when
the
thin
actor
took
30
pieces.
The
tests
show
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
If
this
fellow
participant
is
going
to
eat
more,
so
will
I.
Call
it
the
“I’ll
have
what
she's
having”
effect.
However,
we'll
adjust
the
influence.
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
12.
What
is
the
recent
study
mainly
about?
A.
Food
safety.
B.
Movie
viewership.
C.
Consumer
demand.
D.
Eating
behavior.
13.
What
does
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
underlined
word
“beanpoles”
in
paragraph
1
refer
to?
A.
Big
eaters.
B.
Overweight
persons.
C.
Picky
eaters.
D.
Tall
thin
persons.
14.
Why
did
the
researchers
hire
the
actor?
A.
To
see
how
she
would
affect
the
participants.
B.
To
test
if
the
participants
could
recognize
her.【出处：21教育名师】
C.
To
find
out
what
she
would
do
in
the
two
tests.
D.
To
study
why
she
could
keep
her
weight
down.
15.
On
what
bas
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
do
we
“adjust
the
influence”
according
to
the
last
paragraph?
A.
How
hungry
we
are.
B.
How
slim
we
want
to
be.
C.
How
we
perceive
others.
D.
How
we
feel
about
the
food.
10.（2020·天津卷）A
How
to
Use
a
Modern
Public
Library
Has
it
been
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library?
If
so,
you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.
It’s
been
years
since
they
were
dusty
little
rooms
with
books.
They
have
transformed
themselves
into
places
where
you
can
develop
your
love
of
knowledge
meet
interesting
people,
or
find
out
how
to
start
a
business.
Check
out
a
book.
Whil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
libraries
still
loan
out(出借)books,
you’ll
find
it
easier
to
get
a
copy
of
whatever
you’re
looking
for,
thanks
to
a
cooperative
network
of
area
libraries.
Via
such
networks,
libraries
share
their
books
with
each
other
through
the
use
of
delivery
vehicles.
Once
the
book
you’ve
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.
Check
out
other
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)items.
The
library
is
now
a
multimedia
zone,
loaded
with
information
in
many
formats(载体形式).
You
can
borrow
movies
on
DVDs,
music
on
CDs,
and
popular
magazines.
Some
libraries
even
loan
out
toys
and
games.
If
a
popular
magazine
you
want
isn’t
offered
and
the
library
keeps
a
list
of
such
requests,
they
may
bring
it
in
when
enough
interest
is
shown.
Join
targeted
readi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
groups.
Libraries
will
often
hold
reading-group
sessions
targeted
to
various
age
groups.
Perhaps
you’d
like
to
learn
a
language
or
improve
your
English.
The
library
may
sponsor
a
language
group
you
could
join.
If
you
have
difficulties
reading,
ask
about
special
reading
opportunities.
Your
library
might
be
able
to
accommodate
you.
And
you
might
find
it
relaxing
to
bring
your
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
while
you
sit
quietly
in
a
corner
with
a
good
book.
Start
a
business
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
using
the
help
of
your
local
library.
If
you
want
to
have
a
business
of
your
own,
your
local
library
can
become
a
launch
space
for
it.
In
library
books
and
computers,
you
can
find
information
on
starting
a
business.
Many
libraries
will
help
you
with
locally
supplied
information
about
business
management
shared
through
chambers
of
commerce(商会)and
government
agencies,
and
they
will
offer
printing,
faxing
and
database
services
you
need.
36.
Public
librar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ies
connected
by
a
cooperative
network
benefit
readers
by______.
A.
sharing
their
books
on
the
Internet
B.
giving
access
to
online
reading
at
a
library
branch
C.
sending
a
needed
book
to
a
library
branch
nearby
D.
making
the
checkout
procedures
diverse
37.
According
to
Pa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ragraph
3,
what
items
may
be
checked
out
from
a
public
library?
A.
A
magazine
and
an
e-book.
B.
A
game
and
an
oil
painting.
C.
A
music
CD
and
a
kid’s
toy.
D.
A
DVD
and
a
video
player
38.
As
is
describe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
in
Paragraph
4,
taking
a
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
allows
______.
A.
the
kid
to
learn
a
new
language
B.
the
parent
to
enjoy
quiet
reading
C.
the
kid
to
overcome
reading
difficulties
D.
the
parent
to
meet
their
program
sponsor
39.
Your
local
library
can
help
you
start
a
business
by
______.
A.
providing
relevant
information
and
supporting
services
B.
offering
professional
advice
on
business
management
C.
supplying
useful
information
of
your
potential
buyers
D.
arranging
meetings
with
government
officials
40.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
point
out
the
importance
of
public
libraries.
B.
To
encourage
people
to
work
in
public
libraries.
C.
To
introduce
the
improved
services
of
public
libraries.
D.
To
call
for
the
modernization
of
public
library
systems.
11.（2020·天津卷）C
For
people,
who
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
are
interested
in
sound,
the
field
of
sound
technology
is
definitely
making
noise.
In
the
past,
sound
engineers
worked
in
the
back
rooms
of
recording
studios,
but
many
of
today’s
sound
professionals
are
sharing
their
knowledge
and
experience
with
professionals
in
other
fields
to
create
new
products
based
on
the
phenomenon
we
call
sound.
Sound
can
be
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sed
as
a
weapon.
Imagine
that
a
police
officer
is
chasing
a
thief.
The
thief
tries
to
escape.
And
the
officer
can’t
let
him
get
away.
He
pulls
out
a
special
device,
points
it
at
the
suspect,
and
switches
it
on.
The
thief
drops
to
the
ground.
This
new
weapon
is
called
a
Long
Range
Acoustic
Device(LRAD,
远程定向声波发射器).
It
produces
a
deafening
sound
so
painful
that
it
temporarily
disables
a
person.
The
noise
from
the
LRAD
is
directed
like
a
ray
of
light
and
travels
only
into
the
ears
of
that
person,
but
it
is
not
deadly.
For
those
who
hunger
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)for
some
peace
and
quiet,
sound
can
now
create
silence.
Let’s
say
you
are
at
the
airport,
and
the
little
boy
on
the
seat
next
to
you
is
humming(哼唱)
a
short
commercial
song.
He
hums
it
over
and
over
again,
and
you
are
about
to
go
crazy.
Thanks
to
the
Silence
Machine,
a
British
invention,
you
can
get
rid
of
the
sound
without
upsetting
the
boy
or
his
parents.
One
may
wonder
how
the
Silence
Machine
works.
Well,
it
functions
by
analyzing
the
waves
of
the
incoming
sound
and
creating
a
second
set
of
outgoing
waves.
The
two
sets
of
waves
cancel
each
other
out.
Simply
turn
the
machine
or
point
it
at
the
target,
and
your
peace
and
quiet
comes
back.
Directed
sound
is
a
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ew
technology
that
allows
companies
to
use
sound
in
much
the
same
way
spotlights(聚光灯)
are
used
in
the
theater.
A
spotlight
lights
up
only
one
section
of
a
stage;
similarly,
“spotsound”
creates
a
circle
of
sound
in
on
targeted
area.
This
can
be
useful
for
businesses
such
as
restaurants
and
stores
because
it
offers
a
new
way
to
attract
customers.
Restaurants
can
offer
a
choice
of
music
along
with
the
various
food
choices
on
the
menu,
allowing
customers
more
control
over
the
atmosphere
in
which
they
are
dining.
Directed
sound
is
also
beginning
to
appear
in
shopping
centers
and
even
at
homes.
46.
What
could
be
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ferred
from
Paragraph
2
about
the
effect
of
the
LRAD?
A.
It
causes
temporary
hearing
loss.
B.
It
slows
down
a
running
man.
C.
It
makes
it
easy
to
identify
a
suspect.
D.
It
keeps
the
suspect
from
hurting
others.
47.
The
Silence
Machine
is
a
device
specially
designed
to
________.
A.
silence
the
people
around
you
B.
remove
the
sound
of
commercials
C.
block
the
incoming
sound
waves
D.
stop
unwanted