中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题04
阅读理解之议论文
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国甲卷）D
Who
is
a
genius?
Thi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
question
has
greatly
interested
humankind
for
centuries.
Let's
state
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)learly:
Einstein
was
a
genius.
His
face
is
almost
the
international
symbol
for
genius.
But
we
want
to
go
beyond
one
man
and
explore
the
nature
of
genius
itself.
Why
is
it
that
some
people
are
so
much
more
intelligent
or
creative
than
the
rest
of
us?
And
who
are
they?
In
the
sciences
and
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rts,
those
praised
as
geniuses
were
most
often
white
men,
of
European
origin.
Perhaps
this
is
not
a
surprise.
It's
said
that
history
is
written
by
the
victors,
and
those
victors
set
the
standards
for
admission
to
the
genius
club.
When
contributions
were
made
by
geniuses
outside
the
club—women,
or
people
of
a
different
color
or
belief—they
were
unacknowledged
and
rejected
by
others.
A
study
recently
pu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)blished
by
Science
found
that
as
young
as
age
six,
girls
are
less
likely
than
boys
to
say
that
members
of
their
gender(性别)are
“really,
really
smart.”
Even
worse,
the
study
found
that
girls
act
on
that
belief:
Around
age
six
they
start
to
avoid
activities
said
to
be
for
children
who
are
“really,
really
smart.”
Can
our
planet
afford
to
have
any
great
thinkers
become
discouraged
and
give
up?
It
doesn't
take
a
genius
to
know
the
answer:
absolutely
not.
Here's
the
good
news
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
In
a
wired
world
with
constant
global
communication,
we're
all
positioned
to
see
flashes
of
genius
wherever
they
appear.
And
the
more
we
look,
the
more
we
will
see
that
social
factors(因素)like
gender,
race,
and
class
do
not
determine
the
appearance
of
genius.
As
a
writer
says,
future
geniuses
come
from
those
with
“intelligence,
creativity,
perseverance(毅力),
and
simple
good
fortune,
who
are
able
to
change
the
world.”
12.
What
doe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
the
author
think
of
victors'
standards
for
joining
the
genius
club?
A.
They're
unfair.
B.
They're
conservative.
C.
They're
objective.
D.
They're
strict.
13.
What
can
we
infer
about
girls
from
the
study
in
Science?
A.
They
think
themselves
smart.
B.
They
look
up
to
great
thinkers.
C.
They
see
gender
differences
earlier
than
boys.
D.
They
are
likely
to
be
influenced
by
social
beliefs
14.
Why
are
more
geniuses
known
to
the
public?
A.
Improved
global
communication.
B.
Less
discrimination
against
women.
C.
Acceptance
of
victors'
concepts.
D.
Changes
in
people's
social
positions.
15.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Geniuses
Think
Alike
B.
Genius
Takes
Many
Forms
C.
Genius
and
Intelligence
D.
Genius
and
Luck
2.（2021年天津卷）Abo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ut
five
weeks
ago,
I
noticed
the
skin
of
our
pet
lizard
was
growing
dusty.
It
worried
me.
I
reported
the
strange
surface
on
the
skin
of
the
lizard
to
my
husband
and
children
the
next
morning.
Seconds
later,
our
lizard
emerged
from
its
tank
with
its
old
skin
flowing
behind
it.
I
didn't
think
about
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
much
until
a
morning
last
week
when
I
knocked
my
favorite
teapot
off
the
table.
It
burst
into
hundreds
of
pieces.
As
I
swept
up
the
mess,
I
wondered
why
we
had
been
breaking
so
many
things
over
the
months.
The
destructi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on
started
three
months
ago.
It
was
my
husband's
birthday.
He
had
just
lost
his
job.
The
uncertainty
was
starting
to
wear
on
us,
so
I
wanted
to
do
something
special.
“Let's
make
a
cake
for
Dad!”
I
cried.
My
kids
scre
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)amed
with
joy.
We
baked,
iced
and
sprinkled
for
most
of
the
day.
Candles
on
the
cake!
Balloons
on
the
walls!
Flowers
on
the
table!
Two
hours
before
my
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.
Three
days
ago,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
light
in
our
living
room
suddenly
went
out.
After
several
frustrating
hours
of
unsuccessful
attempts
to
fix
it,
my
husband
suggested
watching
the
Michael
Jordan
documentary
series
The
Last
Dance.
The
poignancy
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.
Humans
do
not
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hed
skin
as
easily
as
other
animals.
The
beginning
of
change
is
upsetting.
The
process
is
tiring.
Damage
changes
us
before
we
are
ready.
I
see
our
lizard,
raw
and
nearly
new.
Jordan
said
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.
46．What
can
we
learn
about
the
pet
lizard
from
Paragraph
1?
A．Its
tank
grew
dirty.
B．Its
old
skin
came
off.
C．It
got
a
skin
disease.
D．It
went
missing.
47．Why
did
the
author's
husband
have
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday?
A．The
birthday
cake
was
ruined.
B．The
author
made
good
puddings.
C．Pudding
was
his
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)avorite
dessert.
D．They
couldn't
afford
a
birthday
cake.
48．Why
does
the
author
mention
The
Last
Dance
in
the
passage?
A．To
prove
a
theory.
B．To
define
a
concept.
C．To
develop
the
theme.
D．To
provide
the
background.
49．The
under
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lined
part
"leaving
behind
the
layer"
in
Paragraph
8
can
be
understood
as
.
A．letting
go
of
the
past
B．looking
for
a
new
job
C．getting
rid
of
a
bad
habit
D．giving
up
an
opportunity
50．What
does
the
author
most
likely
want
to
tell
us?
A．Love
of
family
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)elps
us
survive
great
hardships.
B．It's
not
the
end
of
the
world
if
we
break
things.
C．We
should
mov
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
on
no
matter
what
happens.
D．Past
experiences
should
be
treasured.
3.（2021年天津卷）There
is
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)omething
to
be
said
for
being
a
generalist,
even
if
you
are
a
specialist.
Knowing
a
little
about
a
lot
of
things
that
interest
you
can
add
to
the
richness
of
a
whole,
well-lived
life.
Society
pushes
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
us
to
specialize,
to
become
experts.
This
requires
commitment
to
a
particular
occupation,
branch
of
study
or
research.
The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less.
There
is
a
great
deal
of
pressure
to
master
one's
field.
You
may
pursue
training,
degrees,
or
increasing
levels
of
responsibility
at
work.
Then
you
discover
the
pressure
of
having
to
keep
up.
Some
people
seem
wi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lling
to
work
around
the
clock
in
their
narrow
specialty.
But
such
commitment
can
also
weaken
a
sense
of
freedom.
These
specialists
could
work
at
the
office
until
ten
each
night,
then
look
back
and
realize
they
would
have
loved
to
have
gone
home
and
enjoyed
the
sweetness
of
their
family
and
friends,
or
traveled
to
exciting
places,
meeting
interesting
people.
Mastering
one
thing
to
the
exclusion
（排
除）of
others
can
hold
back
your
true
spirit.
Generalists,
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
the
other
hand,
know
a
lot
about
a
wide
range
of
subjects
and
view
the
whole
with
all
its
connections.
They
are
people
of
ability,
talent,
and
enthusiasm
who
can
bring
their
broad
perspective
（视角）into
specific
fields
of
expertise
（专长）.The
doctor
who
is
also
a
poet
and
philosopher
is
a
superior
doctor,
one
who
can
give
so
much
more
to
his
patients
than
just
good
medical
skills.
Things
are
con
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nected.
Let
your
expertise
in
one
field
fuel
your
passions
in
all
related
areas.
Some
of
your
interests
may
not
appear
to
be
connected
but,
once
you
explore
their
depths,
you
discover
that
they
are.
My
editor
Toni,
who
is
also
a
writer,
has
edited
several
history
books.
She
has
decided
to
study
Chinese
history.
Fascinated
by
the
structural
beauty
of
the
Forbidden
City
as
a
painter,
she
is
equally
interested
to
learn
more
about
Chinese
philosophy.
"I
don't
know
where
it
will
lead,
but
I'm
excited
I'm
on
this
pursuit."
These
expansions
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
into
new
worlds
help
us
by
giving
us
new
perspectives.
We
begin
to
see
the
interconnectedness
of
one
thing
to
another
in
all
aspects
of
our
life,
of
ourselves
and
the
universe.
Develop
broad,
general
knowledge
and
experience.
The
universe
is
all
yours
to
explore
and
enjoy.
57．To
become
a
specialist,
one
may
have
to_____.
A．narrow
his
range
of
knowledge
B．avoid
responsibilities
at
work
C．know
more
about
the
society
D．broaden
his
perspective
on
life
58．The
specialists
mentioned
in
Paragraph
3
tend
to______.
A．treasure
their
freedom
B．travel
around
the
world
C．spend
most
time
working
D．enjoy
meeting
funny
people
59．According
to
the
author,
a
superior
doctor
is
one
who_____.
A．is
fully
aware
of
his
talent
and
ability
B．is
a
pure
specialist
in
medicine
C．should
love
poetry
and
philosophy
D．brings
knowledge
of
other
fields
to
work
60．What
does
the
author
intend
to
show
with
the
example
of
Toni?
A．Passion
alone
does
not
ensure
a
person's
success.
B．In-depth
exploration
makes
discoveries
possible.
C．Everyone
has
a
chance
to
succeed
in
their
pursuit.
D．Seemingly
unrelated
interests
are
in
a
way
connected.
61．What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Be
More
a
Generalist
Than
a
Specialist
B．Specialist
or
Generalist:
Hard
to
Decide
C．Turn
a
Generalist
into
a
Specialist
D．Ways
to
Become
a
Generalist
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）D
I
have
a
speci
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)al
place
in
my
heart
for
libraries.
I
have
for
as
long
as
I
can
remember.
I
was
always
an
enthusiastic
reader,
sometimes
reading
up
to
three
books
a
day
as
a
child.
Stories
were
like
air
to
me
and
while
other
kids
played
ball
or
went
to
parties,
I
lived
out
adventures
through
the
books
I
checked
out
from
the
library.
My
first
job
was
wo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rking
at
the
Ukiah
Library
when
I
was
16
years
old
.It
was
a
dream
job
and
I
did
everything
from
shelving
books
to
reading
to
the
children
for
story
time.2·1·c·n·j·y
As
I
grew
older
and
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
became
a
mother,
the
library
took
on
a
new
place
and
an
added
meaning
in
my
life.
I
had
several
children
and
books
were
our
main
source(来源)
of
entertainment.
It
was
a
big
deal
for
us
to
load
up
and
go
to
the
local
library,
where
my
kids
could
pick
out
books
to
read
or
books
they
wanted
me
to
read
to
them.
I
always
read
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),using
different
voices
,as
though
I
were
acting
out
the
stories
with
my
voice
and
they
loved
it
!It
was
a
special
time
to
bond
with
my
children
and
it
filled
them
with
the
wonderment
of
books
.
Now,
I
see
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
children
taking
their
children
to
the
library
and
I
love
that
the
excitement
of
going
to
the
library
lives
on
form
generation
to
generation.
As
a
novelist,
I’ve
fo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)und
a
new
relationship
with
libraries.
I
encourage
readers
to
go
to
their
local
library
when
they
can’t
afford
to
purchase
a
book.
I
see
libraries
as
a
safe
haven(避风港)
for
readers
and
writers,
a
bridge
that
helps
put
together
a
reader
with
a
book.
Libraries,
in
their
own
way,
help
fight
book
piracy(盗版行为)
and
1
think
all
writers
should
support
libraries
in
a
significant
way
when
they
can.
Encourage
readers
to
use
the
library.
Share
library
announcements
on
your
social
media.
Frequent
them
and
talk
about
them
when
you
can.
32.
Which
word
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
best
describes
the
author’s
relationship
with
books
as
a
child?
A.
Cooperative.
B.
Uneasy.
C.
Inseparable.
D.
Casual.
33.
What
doe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
the
underlined
phrase
“an
added
meaning”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.
Pleasure
from
working
in
the
library.
B.
Joy
of
reading
passed
on
in
the
family.
C.
Wonderment
from
acting
out
the
stories.
D.
A
closer
bond
developed
with
the
readers.
34.
What
does
the
author
call
on
other
writers
to
do?21教育网
A.
Sponsor
book
fairs.
B.
Write
for
social
media.
C.
Support
libraries.
D.
Purchase
her
novels.
35.
Which
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Reading:
A
Source
of
Knowledge
B.
My
Idea
about
writing
C.
Library:
A
Haven
for
the
Young
D.
My
Love
of
the
Library
2.（2020·江苏卷）D
I
was
in
the
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)iddle
of
the
Amazon
(亚马逊)
with
my
wife,
who
was
there
as
a
medical
researcher.
We
flew
on
a
small
plane
to
a
faraway
village.
We
did
not
speak
the
local
language,
did
not
know
the
customs,
and
more
often
than
not,
did
not
entirely
recognize
the
food.
We
could
not
have
felt
more
foreign.
We
were
raised
on
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ooks
and
computers,
highways
and
cell
phones,
but
now
we
were
living
in
a
village
without
running
water
or
electricity
It
was
easy
for
us
to
go
to
sleep
at
the
end
of
the
day
feeling
a
little
misunderstood.
Then
one
perfect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Amazonian
evening,
with
monkeys
calling
from
beyond
the
village
green,
we
played
soccer.
I
am
not
good
at
soccer,
but
that
evening
it
was
wonderful.
Everyone
knew
the
rules.
We
all
spoke
the
same
language
of
passes
and
shots.
We
understood
one
another
perfectly.
As
darkness
came
over
the
field
and
the
match
ended,
the
goal
keeper,
Juan,
walked
over
to
me
and
said
in
a
matter-of-fact
way,
“In
your
home,
do
you
have
a
moon
too?”
I
was
surprised.
After
I
explained
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Juan
that
yes,
we
did
have
a
moon
and
yes,
it
was
very
similar
to
his,
I
felt
a
sort
of
awe
(敬畏)
at
the
possibilities
that
existed
in
his
world.
In
Juan’s
world,
each
village
could
have
its
own
moon.
In
Juan’s
world.
the
unknown
and
undiscovered
was
vast
and
marvelous.
Anything
was
possible.
In
our
society,
we
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)know
that
Earth
has
only
one
moon.
We
have
looked
at
our
planet
from
every
angle
and
found
all
of
the
wildest
things
left
to
find.
I
can,
from
my
computer
at
home,
pull
up
satellite
images
of
Juan’s
village.
There
are
no
more
continents
and
no
more
moons
to
search
for,
little
left
to
discover.
At
least
it
seems
that
way.
Yet,
as
I
thought
ab
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)out
Juan’s
question,
I
was
not
sure
how
much
more
we
could
really
rule
out.
I
am,
in
part,
an
ant
biologist,
so
my
thoughts
turned
to
what
we
know
about
insect
life
and
I
knew
that
much
in
the
world
of
insects
remains
unknown.
How
much,
though?
How
ignorant
(无知的)
are
we?
The
question
of
what
we
know
and
do
not
know
constantly
bothered
me.
I
began
collectin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)g
newspaper
articles
about
new
species,
new
monkey,
new
spider…,
and
on
and
on
they
appear.
My
drawer
quickly
filled.
I
began
a
second
drawer
for
more
general
discoveries:
new
cave
system
discovered
with
dozens
of
nameless
species,
four
hundred
species
of
bacteria
found
in
the
human
stomach.
The
second
drawer
began
to
fill
and
as
it
did
I
wondered
whether
there
were
bigger
discoveries
out
there,
not
just
species,
but
life
that
depends
on
things
thought
to
be
useless,
life
even
without
DNA.
I
started
a
third
drawer
for
these
big
discoveries.
It
fills
more
slowly,
but
all
the
same,
it
fills.
In
looking
into
the
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tories
of
biological
discovery,
I
also
began
to
find
something
else,
a
collection
of
scientists,
usually
brilliant
occasionally
half-mad,
who
made
the
discoveries.
Those
scientists
very
often
see
the
same
things
that
other
scientists
see,
but
they
pay
more
attention
to
them,
and
they
focus
on
them
to
the
point
of
exhaustion
(穷尽),
and
at
the
risk
of
the
ridicule
of
their
peers.
In
looking
for
the
stories
of
discovery,
I
found
the
stories
of
these
people
and
how
their
lives
changed
our
view
of
the
world.
We
are
repeatedl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
willing
to
imagine
we
have
found
most
of
what
is
left
to
discover.
We
used
to
think
that
insects
were
the
smallest
organisms
(生物),
and
that
nothing
lived
deeper
than
six
hundred
meters.
Yet,
when
something
new
turns
up,
more
often
than
not,
we
do
not
even
know
its
name.
65.
How
did
the
author
feel
on
his
arrival
in
the
Amazon?
A.
Out
of
place.
B.
Full
of
joy.
C.
Sleepy.
D.
Regretful.
66.
What
made
that
Amazonian
evening
wonderful?
A.
He
learned
more
about
the
local
language.
B.
They
had
a
nice
conversation
with
each
other.
C.
They
understood
each
other
while
playing.
D.
He
won
the
soccer
game
with
the
goal
keeper.
67.
Why
was
the
author
surprised
at
Juan’s
question
about
the
moon?
A.
The
question
was
too
straightforward.
B.
Juan
knew
so
little
about
the
world.
C.
The
author
didn’t
know
how
to
answer.
D.
The
author
didn’t
think
Juan
was
sincere.
68.
What
was
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
author’s
initial
purpose
of
collecting
newspaper
articles?
A.
To
sort
out
what
we
have
known.
B.
To
deepen
his
research
into
Amazonians.
C.
To
improve
his
reputation
as
a
biologist.
D.
To
learn
more
about
local
cultures.
69.
How
did
those
brilliant
scientists
make
great
discoveries?21cnjy.com
A.
They
shifted
their
viewpoints
frequently.
B.
They
followed
other
scientists
closely.
C.
They
often
criticized
their
fellow
scientists.
D.
They
conducted
in-depth
and
close
studies.
70.
What
could
be
the
most
suitable
title
for
the
passage?
A.
The
Possible
and
the
Impossible
.
B.
The
Known
and
the
Unknown
.
C.
The
Civilized
and
the
Uncivilized
.
D.
The
Ignorant
and
the
Intelligent.
3.（2020·天津卷）D
After
years
of
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bserving
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance
curiosity
and
discontent.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.
Together,
these
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)deep
human
urges
(驱策力)
count
for
much
more
that
ambition.
Galileo
was
not
merely
ambitious
when
he
dropped
objects
of
varying
weights
from
the
Leaning
Tower
at
Pisa
and
timed
their
fall
to
the
ground.
Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?”
Fortunately,
curio
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
“The
great
man,”
said
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Mencius
(孟子),
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
We
just
follow
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
desires
restful
average.
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner,
to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark,
to
be
satisfied.
Most
of
us
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eet
new
people,
and
new
ideas,
with
hesitation.
But
once
having
met
and
liked
them,
we
think
how
terrible
it
would
have
been,
had
we
missed
the
chance.
We
will
probably
have
to
force
ourselves
to
waken
our
curiosity
and
discontent
and
keep
them
awake.
How
should
you
sta
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rt?
Modestly,
so
as
not
to
become
discouraged.
I
think
of
one
friend
who
couldn’t
arrange
flowers
to
satisfy
herself.
She
was
curious
about
how
the
experts
did
it.
How
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement.
One
way
to
begin
is
to
answer
your
own
excuses.
You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
Most
people
don’t;
there
are
only
a
few
geniuses.
You
haven’t
any
time?
That’s
good
because
it’s
always
the
people
with
no
time
who
get
things
done.
Harriet
Stowe,
mother
of
six,
wrote
parts
of
Uncle
Tom’s
Cabin
while
cooking.
You’re
too
old?
Remember
that
Thomas
Costain
was
57
when
he
published
his
first
novel,
and
that
Grandma
Moses
showed
her
first
pictures
when
she
was
78.
However
you
st
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)art,
remember
there
is
no
better
time
to
start
than
right
now,
for
you’ll
never
be
more
alive
than
you
are
at
this
moment.
51.
In
writing
Paragraph
1,
the
author
aims
to
________.
A.
propose
a
definition
B.
make
a
comparison
C.
reach
a
conclusion
D.
present
an
argument
52.
What
does
the
example
of
Galileo
tell
us?
A.
Trial
and
error
leads
to
the
finding
of
truth.
B.
Scientists
tend
to
be
curious
and
ambitious.
C.
Creativity
results
from
challenging
authority.
D.
Greatness
comes
from
a
lasting
desire
to
explore.
53.
What
can
you
do
to
recapture
curiosity
and
discontent?
A.
Observe
the
unknown
around
you.
B.
Develop
a
questioning
mind.
C.
Lead
a
life
of
adventure.
D.
Follow
the
fashion.
54.
What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraphs
6
and
7?
A.
Gaining
success
helps
you
become
an
expert.
B.
The
genius
tends
to
get
things
done
creatively.
C.
Lack
of
talent
and
time
is
no
reason
for
taking
no
action.
D.
You
should
remain
modest
when
approaching
perfection.
55.
What
could
be
the
best
tile
or
the
passage?
A.
Curious
Minds
Never
Feel
Contented
B.
Reflections
on
Human
Nature
C.
The
Keys
to
Achievement
D.
Never
Too
Late
to
Learn
【2019年】
1.
【2019·天津卷，B】
I
must
have
al
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ways
known
reading
was
very
important
because
the
first
memories
I
have
as
a
child
deal
with
books.
There
was
not
one
night
that
I
don't
remember
mom
reading
me
a
storybook
by
my
bedside.
I
was
extremely
inspired
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
I
always
wanted
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
know
what
my
mom
was
reading.
Hearing
mom
say,"
I
can't
believe
what's
printed
in
the
newspaper
this
morning,"
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself.
I
wanted
to
be
like
my
mom
and
know
all
of
the
things
she
knew.
So
I
carried
around
a
book,
and
each
night,
just
to
be
like
her,
I
would
pretend
to
be
reading.
This
is
how
eve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ryone
learned
to
read.
We
would
start
off
with
sentences,
then
paragraphs,
and
then
stories.
It
seemed
an
unending
journey,
but
even
as
a
six-year-old
girl
I
realized
that
knowing
how
to
read
could
open
many
doors.
When
mom
said,"
The
C-A-N-D-Y
is
hidden
on
the
top
shelf,"
I
knew
where
the
candy
was.
My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,
and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.
I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly,
so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
Most
of
my
read
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
through
primary,
middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.
I
read
for
knowledge,
and
to
make
A's
on
my
tests.
Occasionally,
I
would
read
a
novel
that
was
assigned,
but
I
didn't
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.
I
liked
facts,
things
that
are
concrete.
I
thought
anything
abstract
left
too
much
room
for
argument.
Yet,
now
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
I'm
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex,
I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
By
opening
a
novel,
I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.
In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.
I
don't
have
to
write
down
what
happened
or
what
technique
the
author
was
using
when
he
or
she
wrote
this.
I
just
read
to
relax.
We're
taught
to
read
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ecause
it's
necessary
for
much
of
human
understanding.
Reading
is
a
vital
part
of
my
life.
Reading
satisfies
my
desire
to
keep
learning.
And
I've
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lie
within
books
are
limitless.
41.
Why
did
the
author
want
to
grab
the
newspaper
out
of
mom's
hands？
A.
She
wanted
mom
to
read
the
news
to
her.
B.
She
was
anxious
to
know
what
had
happened.
C.
She
couldn't
wait
to
tear
the
newspaper
apart.
D.
She
couldn't
help
but
stop
mom
from
reading.
42.
According
to
Par
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)agraph
3，the
author's
reading
of
road
signs
indicates___________
A.
her
unique
way
to
locate
herself
B.
her
eagerness
to
develop
her
reading
ability
C.
her
effort
to
remind
mom
to
obey
traffic
rules
D.
her
growing
desire
to
know
the
world
around
her.
43.
What
was
the
author's
view
on
factual
reading？
A.
It
would
help
her
update
test-taking
skills.
B.
It
would
allow
much
room
for
free
thinking.
C.
It
would
provide
true
and
objective
information.21世纪教育网版权所有
D.
It
would
help
shape
a
realistic
and
serious
attitude
to
life.21·cn·jy·com
44.
The
author
takes
novel
reading
as
a
way
to___________.
A.
explore
a
fantasy
land
B.
develop
a
passion
for
leaning
C.
learn
about
the
adult
community
D.
get
away
from
a
confusing
world
45.
What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage？
A.
The
Magic
of
Reading
B.
The
Pleasure
of
Reading
C.
Growing
Up
with
Reading
D.
Reading
Makes
a
Full
Man
2.
【2019·全国卷III，B】
For
Western
d
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)esigners,
China
and
its
rich
culture
have
long
been
an
inspiration
for
Western
creative.
"It's
no
secret
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
China
has
always
been
a
source(来源)of
inspiration
for
designers,"
says
Amanda
Hill,
chief
creative
officer
at
A+E
Networks,
a
global
media
company
and
home
to
some
of
the
biggest
fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier
this
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
year,
the
China
Through
A
Looking
Glass
exhibition
in
New
York
exhibited
140
pieces
of
China-inspired
fashionable
clothing
alongside
Chinese
works
of
art,
with
the
aim
of
exploring
the
influence
of
Chinese
aesthetics(美学)on
Western
fashion
and
how
China
has
fueled
the
fashionable
imagination
for
centuries.
The
exhibition
had
record
attendance,
showing
that
there
is
huge
interest
in
Chinese
influences.
"China
is
impossibl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
to
overlook,"
says
Hill.
"Chinese
models
are
the
faces
of
beauty
and
fashion
campaigns
that
sell
dreams
to
women
all
over
the
world,
which
means
Chinese
women
are
not
just
consumers
of
fashion
—
they
are
central
to
its
movement.
"Of
course,
only
are
today's
top
Western
designers
being
influenced
by
China-some
of
the
best
designers
of
contemporary
fashion
are
themselves
Chinese."
Vera
Wang,
Alexander
Wang,
Jason
Wu
are
taking
on
Galiano,
Albaz,
Marc
Jacobs-and
beating
them
hands
down
in
design
and
sales,"
adds
Hil.
For
Hill,
it
is
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mpossible
not
to
talk
about
China
as
the
leading
player
when
discussing
fashion.
"The
most
famous
designers
are
Chinese,
so
are
the
models,
and
so
are
the
consumers,"
she
says.
"China
is
no
longer
just
another
market;
in
many
senses
it
has
become
the
market.
If
you
talk
about
fashion
today,
you
are
talking
about
China-its
influences,
its
direction,
its
breathtaking
clothes,
and
how
young
designers
and
models
are
finally
acknowledging
that
in
many
ways."
24.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
exhibition
in
New
York?
A.
It
promoted
the
sales
of
artworks.
B.
It
attracted
a
large
number
of
visitors.
C.
It
showed
ancient
Chinese
clothes.
D.
It
aimed
to
introduce
Chinese
models.
25.
What
does
Hill
say
about
Chinese
women?
A.
They
are
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)setting
the
fashion.
B.
They
start
many
fashion
campaigns.
C.
They
admire
super
models.
D.
They
do
business
all
over
the
world.
26.
What
do
the
underlined
words
"taking
on"
in
paragraph
4
mean?
A.
learning
from
B.
looking
down
on
C.
working
with
D.
competing
against
27.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Young
Models
Selling
Dreams
to
the
World
B.
A
Chinese
Art
Exhibition
Held
in
New
York
C.
Differences
Between
Eastern
and
Western
Aesthetics
D.
Chinese
Culture
Fueling
International
Fashion
Trends
3.
【2019·天津卷，D】
Would
you
BET
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
future
of
this
man？He
is
53
years
old.
Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.
A
war
injury
has
made
his
left
hand
stop
functioning，and
he
has
often
been
in
prison.
Driven
by
heaven-knows-what
motives，he
determines
to
write
a
book.
The
book
turns
ou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
to
be
one
that
has
appealed
to
the
world
for
more
than
350
years.
That
former
prisoner
was
Cervantes，and
the
book
was
Don
Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）.
And
the
story
poses
an
interesting
question:
why
do
some
people
discover
new
vitality
and
creativity
to
the
end
of
their
days，while
others
go
to
seed
long
before？
We've
all
known
peo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ple
who
run
out
of
steam
before
they
reach
life's
halfway
mark.
I'm
not
talking
about
those
who
fail
to
get
to
the
top.
We
can't
all
get
there.
I'm
talking
about
people
who
have
stopped
learning
on
growing
because
they
have
adopted
the
fixed
attitudes
and
opinions
that
all
too
often
come
with
passing
years.
Most
of
us，in
fac
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t，progressively
narrow
the
variety
of
our
lives.
We
succeed
in
our
field
of
specialization
and
then
become
trapped
in
it.
Nothing
surprises
us.
We
lose
our
sense
of
wonder.
But，if
we
are
willing
to
lean，the
opportunities
are
everywhere.
The
things
we
learn
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
maturity
seldom
involve
information
and
skills.
We
learn
to
bear
with
the
things
we
can't
change.
We
learn
to
avoid
self-pity.
We
learn
that
however
much
we
try
to
please，some
people
are
never
going
to
love
us-an
idea
that
troubles
at
first
but
is
eventually
relaxing.
With
high
mo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tivation
and
enthusiasm，we
can
keep
on
learning.
Then
we
will
know
how
important
it
is
to
have
meaning
in
our
life.
However，we
can
achieve
meaning
only
if
we
have
made
a
commitment
to
something
larger
than
our
own
little
egos（自我），whether
to
loved
ones，to
fellow
humans，to
work，or
to
some
moral
concept.
Many
of
us
equate（视……等
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)同于）“commitment”
with
such
“caring”
occupations
as
teaching
and
nursing.
But
doing
any
ordinary
job
as
well
as
one
can
is
in
itself
an
admirable
commitment.
People
who
work
toward
such
excellence
whether
they
are
driving
a
truck，or
running
a
store-make
the
world
better
just
by
being
the
kind
of
people
they
are.
They've
learned
life's
most
valuable
lesson.
51.
The
passag
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
starts
with
the
story
of
Cervantes
to
show
that_________.
A.
loss
of
freedom
stimulates
one's
creativity
B.
age
is
not
a
barrier
to
achieving
one's
goal
C.
misery
inspires
a
man
to
fight
against
his
fate
D.
disability
cannot
stop
a
man's
pursuit
of
success
52.
What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean？
A.
End
one's
struggle
for
liberty.
B.
Waste
one's
energy
taking
risks.
C.
Miss
the
opportunity
to
succeed.
D.
Lose
the
interest
to
continue
learning.
53.
What
could
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
4？
A.
Those
who
dare
to
try
often
get
themselves
trapped.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
B.
Those
who
tend
to
think
back
can
hardly
go
ahead.
C.
Opportunity
favors
those
with
a
curious
mind.
D.
Opportunity
awaits
those
with
a
cautious
mind.
54.
What
does
the
author
intend
to
tell
us
in
Paragraph
5？
A.
A
tough
man
can
tolerate
suffering.
B.
A
wise
man
can
live
without
self-pity
C.
A
man
should
try
to
satisfy
people
around
him.
D.
A
man
should
learn
suitable
ways
to
deal
with
life
55.
What
is
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage？
A.
To
provide
guidance
on
leading
a
meaningful
adult
life.21·世纪
教育网
B.
To
stress
the
need
of
shouldering
responsibilities
at
work.
C.
To
state
the
importance
of
generating
motivation
for
learning.
D.
To
suggest
a
way
of
pursuing
excellence
in
our
lifelong
career.
4.
【2019·江苏卷，C】
Who
cares
if
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eople
think
wrongly
that
the
Internet
has
had
more
important
influences
than
the
washing
machine?
Why
does
it
matter
that
people
are
more
impressed
by
the
most
recent
changes?
It
would
not
mat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ter
if
these
misjudgments
were
just
a
matter
of
people's
opinions.
However,
they
have
real
impacts,
as
they
result
in
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.
The
fascination
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
with
the
ICT(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
"yesterday"
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
This
belief
in
"post-industrial
society"
has
led
those
countries
to
neglect
their
manufacturing
sector(制造业)
with
negative
consequences
for
their
economies.21教育名师原创作品
Even
more
worryingly
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
the
fascination
with
the
Internet
by
people
in
rich
countries
has
moved
the
international
community
to
worry
about
the
"digital
divide"
between
the
rich
countries
and
the
poor
countries.
This
has
led
companies
and
individuals
to
donate
money
to
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment
and
Internet
facilities.
The
question,
however,
is
whether
this
is
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
Perhaps
giving
money
for
those
less
fashionable
things
such
as
digging
wells,
extending
electricity
networks
and
making
more
affordable
washing
machines
would
have
improved
people's
lives
more
than
giving
every
child
a
laptop
computer
or
setting
up
Internet
centres
in
rural
villages,
I
am
not
saying
that
those
things
are
necessarily
more
important,
but
many
donators
have
rushed
into
fancy
programmes
without
carefully
assessing
the
relative
long-term
costs
and
benefits
of
alternative
uses
of
their
money.
In
yet
another
examp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)le,
a
fascination
with
the
new
has
led
people
to
believe
that
the
recent
changes
in
the
technologies
of
communications
and
transportation
are
so
revolutionary
that
now
we
live
in
a
"borderless
world".
As
a
result,
in
the
last
twenty
years
or
so,
many
people
have
come
to
believe
that
whatever
change
is
happening
today
is
the
result
of
great
technological
progress,
going
against
which
will
be
like
trying
to
turn
the
clock
back.
Believing
in
such
a
world,
many
governments
have
put
an
end
to
some
of
the
very
necessary
regulations
on
cross-border
flows
of
capital,
labour
and
goods,
with
poor
results.
Understanding
technol
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ogical
trends
is
very
important
for
correctly
designing
economic
policies,
both
at
the
national
and
the
international
levels,
and
for
making
the
right
career
choices
at
the
individual
level.
However,
our
fascination
with
the
latest,
and
our
under
valuation
of
what
has
already
become
common,
can,
and
has,
led
us
in
all
sorts
of
wrong
directions.
61.
Misjudgments
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
on
the
influences
of
new
technology
can
lead
to
__________.
A.
a
lack
of
confidence
in
technology
B.
a
slow
progress
in
technology
C.
a
conflict
of
public
opinions
D.
a
waste
of
limited
resources
62.
The
exampl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
in
Paragraph
4
suggests
that
donators
should
__________.
A.
take
people's
essential
needs
into
account
B.
make
their
programmes
attractive
to
people
C.
ensure
that
each
child
gets
financial
support
D.
provide
more
affordable
internet
facilities
63.
What
has
led
many
governments
to
remove
necessary
regulations?【出处：21教育名师】
A.
Neglecting
the
impacts
of
technological
advances.
B.
Believing
that
the
world
has
become
borderless.
C.
Ignoring
the
power
of
economic
development.
D.
Over-emphasizing
the
role
of
international
communication.
64.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
People
should
be
encouraged
to
make
more
donations.
B.
Traditional
technology
still
has
a
place
nowadays.
C.
Making
right
career
choices
is
crucial
to
personal
success.
D.
Economic
policies
should
follow
technological
trends.
【2018年】
1.【2018·全国I，C】
Languages
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
been
coming
and
going
for
thousands
of
years,
but
in
recent
times
there
has
been
less
coming
and
a
lot
more
going.
When
the
world
was
still
populated
by
hunter-gatherers,
small,
tightly
knit
(联系)groups
developed
their
own
patterns
of
speech
independent
of
each
other.
Some
language
experts
believe
that
10,000
years
ago,
when
the
world
had
just
five
to
ten
million
people,
they
spoke
perhaps
12,000
languages
between
them.
Soon
afterwards,
man
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
of
those
people
started
settling
down
to
become
farmers,
and
their
languages
too
became
more
settled
and
fewer
in
number.
In
recent
centuries,
trade,
industrialization,
the
development
of
the
nation-state
and
the
spread
of
universal
compulsory
education,
especially
globalisation
and
better
communications
in
the
past
few
decades,
all
have
caused
many
languages
to
disappear,
and
dominant
languages
such
as
English,
Spanish
and
Chinese
are
increasingly
taking
over.
At
present,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
world
has
about
6,800
languages.
The
distribution
of
these
languages
is
hugely
uneven.
The
general
rule
is
that
mild
zones
have
relatively
few
languages,
often
spoken
by
many
people,
while
hot,
wet
zones
have
lots,
often
spoken
by
small
numbers.
Europe
has
only
around
200
languages;
the
Americas
about
1,000;
Africa
2
400;
and
Asia
and
the
Pacific
perhaps
3,200,
of
which
Papua
New
Guinea
alone
accounts
for
well
over
800.
The
median
number
(中位数)of
speakers
is
a
mere
6,000,
which
means
that
half
the
world’s
languages
are
spoken
by
fewer
people
than
that.
Already
well
over
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)400
of
the
total
of,
6,800
languages
are
close
to
extinction(消亡),
with
only
a
few
elderly
speakers
left.
Pick,
at
random,
Busuu
in
Cameroon
(eight
remaining
speakers),Chiapaneco
in
Mexico(150),
Lipan
Apache
in
the
United
States(two
or
three)or
Wadjigu
in
Australia
(one,
with
a
question-mark):
none
of
these
seems
to
have
much
chance
of
survival.
28.
What
can
we
infer
about
languages
in
hunter-gatherer
times?
A.
They
developed
very
fast.
B.
They
were
large
in
number.
C.
They
had
similar
patterns.
D.
They
were
closely
connected.
29.
Which
of
the
foll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)owing
best
explains
"dominant
"
underlined
in
paragraph
2？www.21-cn-jy.com
A.
Complex.
B.
Advanced.
C.
Powerful.
D.
Modern.
30.
How
many
lan
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)guages
are
spoken
by
less
than
6,
000
people
at
present?
A.
About
6,800
B.
About
3,400
C.
About
2,400
D.
About
1,200
31.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
New
languages
will
be
created.
B.
People’s
lifestyles
are
reflected
in
languages.
C.
Human
development
results
in
fewer
languages.
D.
Geography
determines
language
evolution.
2.【2018·全国卷II，D】
We’ve
all
been
there:
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
in
a
lift,
in
line
at
the
bank
or
on
an
airplane,
surrounded
by
people
who
are,
like
us,
deeply
focused
on
their
smartphones
or,
worse,
struggling
with
the
uncomfortable
silence.
What’s
the
problem?
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)It’s
possible
that
we
all
have
compromised
conversational
intelligence.
It’s
more
likely
that
none
of
us
start
a
conversation
because
it’s
awkward
and
challenging,
or
we
think
it’s
annoying
and
unnecessary.
But
the
next
time
you
find
yourself
among
strangers,
consider
that
small
talk
is
worth
the
trouble.
Experts
say
it’s
an
invaluable
social
practice
that
results
in
big
benefits.
Dismissing
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mall
talk
as
unimportant
is
easy,
but
we
can’t
forget
that
deep
relationships
wouldn’t
even
exist
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)f
it
weren’t
for
casual
conversation.
Small
talk
is
the
grease(润滑剂)
for
social
communication,
says
Bernardo
Carducci,
director
of
the
Shyness
Research
Institute
at
Indiana
University
Southeast.
＂Almost
every
great
love
story
and
each
big
business
deal
begins
with
small
talk,＂
he
explains.
＂The
key
to
successful
small
talk
is
learning
how
to
connect
with
others,
not
just
communicate
with
them.＂
In
a
2014
study,
Eliz
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)abeth
Dunn,
associate
professor
of
psychology
at
UBC,
invited
people
on
their
way
into
a
coffee
shop.
One
group
was
asked
to
seek
out
an
interaction(互动)
with
its
waiter;
the
other,
to
speak
only
when
necessary.
The
results
showed
that
those
who
chatted
with
their
server
reported
significantly
higher
positive
feelings
and
a
better
coffee
shop
experience.
＂It’s
not
that
talking
to
the
waiter
is
better
than
talking
to
your
husband,＂
says
Dunn.
＂But
interactions
with
peripheral(边缘的)
members
of
our
social
network
matter
for
our
well-being
also.＂
Dunn
believes
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
people
who
reach
out
to
strangers
feel
a
significantly
greater
sense
of
belonging,
a
bond
with
others.
Carducci
believes
developing
such
a
sense
of
belonging
starts
with
small
talk.
＂Small
talk
is
the
basis
of
good
manners,＂
he
says.
32.
What
phenomenon
is
described
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Addiction
to
smartphones.
B.
Inappropriate
behaviours
in
public
places.
C.
Absence
of
communication
between
strangers.
D.
Impatience
with
slow
service.
33.
What
is
impor
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tant
for
successful
small
talk
according
to
Carducci?www-2-1-cnjy-com
A.
Showing
good
manners.
B.
Relating
to
other
people.
C.
Focusing
on
a
topic.
D.
Making
business
deals.
34.
What
does
the
coffee-shop
study
suggest
about
small
talk?
A.
It
improves
famil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
relationships.
B.
It
raises
people’s
confidence.
C.
It
matters
as
mu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ch
as
a
formal
talk.
D.
It
makes
people
feel
good.
35.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Conversation
Counts
B.
Ways
of
Making
Small
Talk
C.
Benefits
of
Sm
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)all
Talk
D.
Uncomfortable
Silence3.【2018·全国卷III，D】
Adults
understand
wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
it
feels
like
to
be
flooded
with
objects.
Why
do
we
often
assume
that
more
is
more
when
it
comes
to
kids
and
their
belongings?
The
good
news
is
that
I
can
help
my
own
kids
learn
earlier
than
I
did
how
to
live
more
with
less.
I
found
the
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)re-holidays
a
good
time
to
encourage
young
children
to
donate
less-used
things,
and
it
worked.
Because
of
our
efforts,
our
daughter
Georgia
did
decide
to
donate
a
large
bag
of
toys
to
a
little
girl
whose
mother
was
unable
to
pay
for
her
holiday
due
to
illness.
She
chose
to
sell
a
few
larger
objects
that
were
less
often
used
when
we
promised
to
put
the
money
into
her
school
fund(基金）(our
kindergarten
daughter
is
serious
about
becoming
a
doctor).
For
weeks,
I've
been
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)thinking
of
bigger,
deeper
questions:
How
do
we
make
it
a
habit
for
them?
And
how
do
we
train
ourselves
to
help
them
live
with,
need,
and
use
less?
Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
to
test
my
own
theory
on
this.
I
decided
to
play
with
him
with
only
one
toy
for
as
long
as
it
would
keep
his
interest.
I
expected
that
one
toy
would
keep
his
attention
for
about
five
minutes,
ten
minutes,
max.
I
chose
a
red
rubber
ball-simple,
universally
available.
We
passed
it,
he
tried
to
put
it
in
his
mouth,
he
tried
bouncing
it,
rolling
it,
sitting
on
it,
throwing
it.
It
was
totally,
completely
enough
for
him.
Before
I
knew
it
an
hour
had
passed
and
it
was
time
to
move
on
to
lunch.
We
both
became
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bsorbed
in
the
simplicity
of
playing
together.
He
had
my
full
attention
and
I
had
his.
My
little
experiment
to
find
joy
in
a
single
object
worked
for
both
of
us.
32.
What
do
the
words
“more
is
more”
in
paragraph
1
probably
mean?
A.
The
more,
the
better.
B.
Enough
is
enough.
C.
More
money,
more
worries.
D.
Earn
more
and
spend
more.
33.
What
made
Georgia
agree
to
sell
some
of
her
objects?2-1-c-n-j-y
A.
Saving
up
for
her
holiday
B.
Raising
money
for
a
poor
girl【版权所有：21教育】
C.
Adding
the
money
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
her
fund
D.
Giving
the
money
to
a
sick
mother
34.
Why
did
the
author
play
the
ball
with
Shepherd?
A.
To
try
out
an
idea
B.
To
show
a
parent's
love
C.
To
train
his
attention
D.
To
help
him
start
a
hobby
35.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Take
It
or
Leave
It
B.
A
Lesson
from
Kids
C.
Live
More
with
Less
D.
The
Pleasure
of
Giving4.【2018·北京卷，D】
Preparing
Cities
for
Robot
Cars
The
possibility
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
self-driving
robot
cars
has
often
seemed
like
a
futurist’s
dream,
years
away
from
materializing
in
the
real
world.
Well,
the
future
is
apparently
now.
The
California
Department
of
Motor
Vehicles
began
giving
permits
in
April
for
companies
to
test
truly
self-driving
cars
on
public
roads.
The
state
also
cleared
the
way
for
companies
to
sell
or
rent
out
self-driving
cars,
and
for
companies
to
operate
driverless
taxi
services.
California,
it
should
be
noted,
isn’t
leading
the
way
here.
Companies
have
been
testing
their
vehicles
in
cities
across
the
country.
It’s
hard
to
predict
when
driverless
cars
will
be
everywhere
on
our
roads.
But
however
long
it
takes,
the
technology
has
the
potential
to
change
our
transportation
systems
and
our
cities,
for
better
or
for
worse,
depending
on
how
the
transformation
is
regulated.
While
much
of
the
deba
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)te
so
far
has
been
focused
on
the
safety
of
driverless
cars(and
rightfully
so),
policymakers
also
should
be
talking
about
how
self-driving
vehicles
can
help
reduce
traffic
jams,
cut
emissions(排放)
and
offer
more
convenient,
affordable
mobility
options.
The
arrival
of
driverless
vehicles
is
a
chance
to
make
sure
that
those
vehicles
are
environmentally
friendly
and
more
shared.
Do
we
want
to
co
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)py
—
or
even
worsen
—
the
traffic
of
today
with
driverless
cars?
Imagine
a
future
where
most
adults
own
individual
self-driving
vehicles.
They
tolerate
long,
slow
journeys
to
and
from
work
on
packed
highways
because
they
can
work,
entertain
themselves
or
sleep
on
the
ride,
which
encourages
urban
spread.
They
take
their
driverless
car
to
an
appointment
and
set
the
empty
vehicle
to
circle
the
building
to
avoid
paying
for
parking.
Instead
of
walking
a
few
blocks
to
pick
up
a
child
or
the
dry
cleaning,
they
send
the
self-driving
minibus.
The
convenience
even
leads
fewer
people
to
take
public
transport
—
an
unwelcome
side
effect
researchers
have
already
found
in
ride-hailing(叫车)
services.
A
study
from
the
Uni
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)versity
of
California
at
Davis
suggested
that
replacing
petrol-powered
private
cars
worldwide
with
electric,
self-driving
and
shared
systems
could
reduce
carbon
emissions
from
transportation
80%
and
cut
the
cost
of
transportation
infrastructure(基础设施)
and
operations
40%
by
2050.
Fewer
emissions
and
cheaper
travel
sound
pretty
appealing.
The
first
commercially
available
driverless
cars
will
almost
certainly
be
fielded
by
ride-hailing
services,
considering
the
cost
of
self-driving
technology
as
well
as
liability
and
maintenance
issues(责任与维护问题).
But
driverless
car
ownership
could
increase
as
the
prices
drop
and
more
people
become
comfortable
with
the
technology.
Policymakers
shoul
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
start
thinking
now
about
how
to
make
sure
the
appearance
of
driverless
vehicles
doesn’t
extend
the
worst
aspects
of
the
car-controlled
transportation
system
we
have
today.
The
coming
technological
advancement
presents
a
chance
for
cities
and
states
to
develop
transportation
systems
designed
to
move
more
people,
and
more
affordably.
The
car
of
the
future
is
coming.
We
just
have
to
plan
for
it.
47.
According
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
author,
attention
should
be
paid
to
how
driverless
cars
can
__________.
A.
help
deal
with
transportation-related
problems
B.
provide
better
services
to
customers
C.
cause
damage
to
our
environment
D.
make
some
people
lose
jobs
48.
As
for
driverless
cars,
what
is
the
author’s
major
concern?
A.
Safety.
B.
Side
effects.
C.
Affordability.
D.
Management.
49.
What
does
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
underlined
word
＂fielded＂
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.
Employed.
B.
Replaced.
C.
Shared.
D.
Reduced.
50.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
to
the
future
of
self-driving
cars?21
cnjy
com
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Positive.
C.
Disapproving.
D.
Sympathetic.
【2017年】
1.
【2017·天津卷，D】
I
read
somewhere
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
we
spend
a
full
third
of
our
lives
waiting.
But
where
are
we
doing
all
of
this
waiting,
and
what
does
it
mean
to
an
impatient
society
like
ours?
To
understand
the
issue,
let’s
take
a
look
at
three
types
of
“waits”.
The
very
pures
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
form
of
waiting
is
the
Watched-Pot
Wait.
It
is
without
doubt
the
most
annoying
of
all.
Take
filling
up
the
kitchen
sink(洗碗池)
as
an
example.
There
is
absolutely
nothing
you
can
do
while
this
is
going
on
but
keep
both
eyes
fixed
on
the
sink
until
it’s
full.
During
these
waits,
the
brain
slips
away
from
the
body
and
wanders
about
until
the
water
runs
over
the
edge
of
the
counter
and
onto
your
socks.
This
kind
of
wait
makes
the
waiter
helpless
and
mindless.
A
cousin
to
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
Watched-Pot
Wait
is
the
Forced
Wait.
This
one
requires
a
bit
of
discipline.
Properly
preparing
packaged
noodle
soup
requires
a
Forced
Wait.
Directions
are
very
specific.
“Bring
three
cups
of
water
to
boil,
add
mix,
simmer
three
minutes,
remove
from
heat,
let
stand
five
minutes.”
I
have
my
doubts
that
anyone
has
actually
followed
the
procedures
strictly.
After
all,
Forced
Waiting
requires
patience.
Perhaps
the
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ost
powerful
type
of
waiting
is
the
Lucky-Break
Wait.
This
type
of
wait
is
unusual
in
that
it
is
for
the
most
part
voluntary.
Unlike
the
Forced
Wait,
which
is
also
voluntary,
waiting
for
your
lucky
break
does
not
necessarily
mean
that
it
will
happen.
Turning
one’s
life
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
into
a
waiting
game
requires
faith
and
hope,
and
is
strictly
for
the
optimists
among
us.
On
the
surface
it
seems
as
ridiculous
as
following
the
directions
on
soup
mixes,
but
the
Lucky-Break
Wait
well
serves
those
who
are
willing
to
do
it.
As
long
as
one
doesn’t
come
to
rely
on
it,
wishing
for
a
few
good
things
to
happen
never
hurts
anybody.
We
certainly
do
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pend
a
good
deal
of
our
time
waiting.
The
next
time
you’re
standing
at
the
sink
waiting
for
it
to
fill
while
cooking
noodle
soup
that
you’ll
have
to
eat
until
a
large
bag
of
cash
falls
out
of
the
sky,
don’t
be
desperate.
You’re
probably
just
as
busy
as
the
next
guy.
51.
While
doing
a
Watched-Pot
Wait,
we
tend
to
__________.
A.
keep
ourselves
busy
B.
get
absent-minded
C.
grow
anxious
D.
stay
focused
52.
What
is
the
d
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ifference
between
the
Forced
Wait
and
the
Watched-Pot
Wait?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A.
The
Forced
Wait
requires
some
self-control.
B.
The
Forced
Wait
makes
people
passive.
C.
The
Watched-Pot
Wait
needs
directions.
D.
The
Watched-Pot
Wait
engages
body
and
brain.
53.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
Lucky-Break
Wait?
A.
It
is
less
voluntary
than
the
Forced
Wait.
B.
It
doesn’t
always
bring
the
desired
result.
C.
It
is
more
fruitful
than
the
Forced
Wait.
D.
It
doesn’t
give
people
faith
and
hope.
54.
What
does
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
author
advise
us
to
do
the
next
time
we
are
waiting?21
cnjy
com
A.
Take
it
seriously.
B.
Don’t
rely
on
others.
C.
Do
something
else.
D.
Don’t
lose
heart.
55.
The
author
supports
his
view
by
__________.
A.
exploring
various
causes
of
“waits”
B.
describing
detailed
processes
of
“waits”
C.
analyzing
different
categories
of
“waits”
D.
revealing
frustrating
consequences
of
“waits”
2.
【2017·浙江卷，C】
Getting
less
sleep
has
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
become
a
bad
habit
for
most
American
kids.
According
to
a
new
survey(调查)by
the
National
Sleep
Foundation,
51%
of
kids
aged
10
to
18
go
to
bed
at
10
pm
or
later
on
school
nights,
even
though
they
have
to
get
up
early.
Last
year
the
Foundation
reported
that
nearly
60%
of
7-
to
12-year-olds
said
they
felt
tired
during
the
day,
and
15%
said
they
had
fallen
asleep
at
school.
How
much
sleep
you
nee
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
depends
a
lot
on
your
age.
Babies
need
a
lot
of
rest;
most
of
them
sleep
about
18
hours
a
day!
Adults
need
about
eight
hours.
For
most
school-age
children,
ten
hours
is
ideal(理想的).
But
the
new
National
Sleep
Foundation
survey
found
that
35%
of
10-
to
12-year-olds
get
only
seven
or
eight
hours.
And
guess
what
almost
half
of
the
surveyed
kids
said
they
do
before
bedtime?
Watch
TV.
"More
children
are
g
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)oing
to
bed
with
TVs
on,
and
there
are
more
opportunities(机会)to
stay
awake,
with
more
homework,
the
Internet
and
the
phone,"
says
Dr.
Mary
Carskadon,
a
sleep
researcher
at
Brown
University
Medical
School.
She
says
these
activities
at
bedtime
can
get
kids
all
excited
and
make
it
hard
for
them
to
calm
down
and
sleep.
Other
experts
say
part
of
the
problem
is
chemical.
Changing
levels
of
body
chemicals
called
hormones
not
only
make
teenagers’
bodies
develop
adult
characteristics,
but
also
make
it
hard
for
teenagers
to
fall
asleep
before
11
pm.
Because
sleepi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ness
is
such
a
problem
for
teenagers,
some
school
districts
have
decided
to
start
high
school
classes
later
than
they
used
to.
Three
years
ago,
schools
in
Edina,
Minnesota,
changed
the
start
time
from
7:25
am
to
8:30
am.
Students,
parents
and
teachers
are
pleased
with
the
results.
25.What
is
the
new
National
Sleep
Foundation
survey
on?
A.
American
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)kids’
sleeping
habits.
B.
Teenagers’
sleep-related
diseases.
C.
Activities
to
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)revent
sleeplessness.
D.
Learning
problems
and
lack
of
sleep.
26.How
many
hours
of
sleep
do
11-year-olds
need
every
day?
A.7
hours.
B.8
hours.
C.10
hours.
D.18
hours.
27.Why
do
teenagers
go
to
sleep
late
according
to
Carskadon?
A.
They
are
affected
by
certain
body
chemicals.
B.
They
tend
to
do
things
that
excite
them.
C.
They
follow
their
parents’
examples.
D.
They
don’t
need
to
go
to
school
early.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题04
阅读理解之议论文
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国甲卷）D
Who
is
a
gen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ius?
This
question
has
greatly
interested
humankind
for
centuries.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Let's
state
cl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)early:
Einstein
was
a
genius.
His
face
is
almost
the
international
symbol
for
genius.
But
we
want
to
go
beyond
one
man
and
explore
the
nature
of
genius
itself.
Why
is
it
that
some
people
are
so
much
more
intelligent
or
creative
than
the
rest
of
us?
And
who
are
they?
In
the
sciences
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
and
arts,
those
praised
as
geniuses
were
most
often
white
men,
of
European
origin.
Perhaps
this
is
not
a
surprise.
It's
said
that
history
is
written
by
the
victors,
and
those
victors
set
the
standards
for
admission
to
the
genius
club.
When
contributions
were
made
by
geniuses
outside
the
club—women,
or
people
of
a
different
color
or
belief—they
were
unacknowledged
and
rejected
by
others.
A
study
recent
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ly
published
by
Science
found
that
as
young
as
age
six,
girls
are
less
likely
than
boys
to
say
that
members
of
their
gender(性别)are
“really,
really
smart.”
Even
worse,
the
study
found
that
girls
act
on
that
belief:
Around
age
six
they
start
to
avoid
activities
said
to
be
for
children
who
are
“really,
really
smart.”
Can
our
planet
afford
to
have
any
great
thinkers
become
discouraged
and
give
up?
It
doesn't
take
a
genius
to
know
the
answer:
absolutely
not.
Here's
the
go
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)od
news.
In
a
wired
world
with
constant
global
communication,
we're
all
positioned
to
see
flashes
of
genius
wherever
they
appear.
And
the
more
we
look,
the
more
we
will
see
that
social
factors(因素)like
gender,
race,
and
class
do
not
determine
the
appearance
of
genius.
As
a
writer
says,
future
geniuses
come
from
those
with
“intelligence,
creativity,
perseverance(毅力),
and
simple
good
fortune,
who
are
able
to
change
the
world.”
12.
What
does
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
author
think
of
victors'
standards
for
joining
the
genius
club?
A.
They're
unfair.
B.
They're
conservative.
C.
They're
objective.
D.
They're
strict.
13.
What
can
we
infer
about
girls
from
the
study
in
Science?
A.
They
think
themselves
smart.
B.
They
look
up
to
great
thinkers.
C.
They
see
gender
differences
earlier
than
boys.
D.
They
are
likely
to
be
influenced
by
social
beliefs
14.
Why
are
more
geniuses
known
to
the
public?
A.
Improved
global
communication.
B.
Less
discrimination
against
women.
C.
Acceptance
of
victors'
concepts.
D.
Changes
in
people's
social
positions.
15.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Geniuses
Think
Alike
B.
Genius
Takes
Many
Forms21教育网
C.
Genius
and
Intelligence
D.
Genius
and
Luck
【答案】12.
A
13.
D
14.
A
15.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。【出处：21教育名师】
【12题】推理判断题。根据第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段的“It
is
said
that
history
is
written
by
victors,
and
those
victors
set
the
standards
for
admission
to
the
genius
club.
When
contributions
were
made
by
geniuses
outside
the
club-women,
or
people
of
a
different
color
or
belief-they
were
unacknowledged
and
rejected
by
others.(
据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
【13题】推理判断题。根据第四
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段的“Even
worse,
the
study
found
that
girls
act
on
that
belief.
Around
age
six
they
start
to
avoid
activities
said
to
be
for
children
who
are
“really,
really
smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
【14题】细节理解题。根据
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)最后一段的“In
a
wired
world
with
constant
global
communication,
we’re
all
positioned
to
see
flashes
of
genius
wherever
they
appear.(
在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
【15题】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)合文章第一段提出问题“Who
is
a
genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As
a
writer
says,
future
geniuses
come
from
those
with
“intelligence,
creativity,
perseverance,
and
simple
geniuses,
who
are
able
to
change
the
world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
2.（2021年天津卷）About
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
five
weeks
ago,
I
noticed
the
skin
of
our
pet
lizard
was
growing
dusty.
It
worried
me.
I
reported
the
strange
surface
on
the
skin
of
the
lizard
to
my
husband
and
children
the
next
morning.
Seconds
later,
our
lizard
emerged
from
its
tank
with
its
old
skin
flowing
behind
it.
I
didn't
think
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
about
it
much
until
a
morning
last
week
when
I
knocked
my
favorite
teapot
off
the
table.
It
burst
into
hundreds
of
pieces.
As
I
swept
up
the
mess,
I
wondered
why
we
had
been
breaking
so
many
things
over
the
months.
The
destruct
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ion
started
three
months
ago.
It
was
my
husband's
birthday.
He
had
just
lost
his
job.
The
uncertainty
was
starting
to
wear
on
us,
so
I
wanted
to
do
something
special.
“Let's
make
a
cake
for
Dad!”
I
cried.
My
kids
screamed
with
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)joy.
We
baked,
iced
and
sprinkled
for
most
of
the
day.
Candles
on
the
cake!
Balloons
on
the
walls!
Flowers
on
the
table!
Two
hours
bef
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ore
my
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.
Three
days
ago
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
the
light
in
our
living
room
suddenly
went
out.
After
several
frustrating
hours
of
unsuccessful
attempts
to
fix
it,
my
husband
suggested
watching
the
Michael
Jordan
documentary
series
The
Last
Dance.
The
poignancy
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.
Humans
do
not
shed
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)kin
as
easily
as
other
animals.
The
beginning
of
change
is
upsetting.
The
process
is
tiring.
Damage
changes
us
before
we
are
ready.
I
see
our
lizard,
raw
and
nearly
new.
Jordan
said
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.
46．What
can
we
learn
about
the
pet
lizard
from
Paragraph
1?
A．Its
tank
grew
dirty.
B．Its
old
skin
came
off.
C．It
got
a
skin
disease.
D．It
went
missing.
47．Why
did
the
author's
husband
have
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday?
A．The
birthday
cake
was
ruined.
B．The
author
made
good
puddings.
C．Pudding
was
his
fa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)vorite
dessert.
D．They
couldn't
afford
a
birthday
cake.
48．Why
does
the
author
mention
The
Last
Dance
in
the
passage?
A．To
prove
a
theory.
B．To
define
a
concept.
C．To
develop
the
theme.
D．To
provide
the
background.
49．The
underlined
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)art
"leaving
behind
the
layer"
in
Paragraph
8
can
be
understood
as
.
A．letting
go
of
the
past
B．looking
for
a
new
job
C．getting
rid
of
a
bad
habit
D．giving
up
an
opportunity
50．What
does
the
author
most
likely
want
to
tell
us?
A．Love
of
family
helps
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
us
survive
great
hardships.
B．It's
not
the
end
of
the
world
if
we
break
things.
C．We
should
move
on
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
matter
what
happens.
D．Past
experiences
should
be
treasured.
【答案】
46．B
47．A
48．C
49．A
50．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)作者的丈夫刚刚丢了工作，这种不确定性开始影响到家人，直到作者看到家里的宠物蜥蜴换皮和观看了Michael
Jordan的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》后，领悟到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，作为人生的起点。
46．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I
re
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ported
the
strange
surface
on
the
skin
of
the
lizard
to
my
husband
and
children
the
next
morning.
Seconds
later,
our
lizard
emerged
from
its
tank
with
its
old
skin
flowing
behind
it.(第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下来)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据第六段“Two
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hours
before
my
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.(就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选A。
48．推理判断题。根据倒数第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段“The
poignancy
of
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.(
Jordan从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan
said
that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.(
Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到The
Last
Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选C。
49．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neith
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)er
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，意识到看到他放开了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放开过去”。故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据倒数
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)第二段“Humans
do
not
shed
skin
as
easily
as
other
animals.
The
beginning
of
change
is
upsetting.
The
process
is
tiring.
Damage
changes
us
before
we
are
ready.
I
see
our
lizard,
raw
and
nearly
new.(人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。变革的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。我看到了我们生嫩的、几乎是全新的蜥蜴)”以及最后一段“Jordan
said
that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.(
Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选C。
3.（2021年天津卷）There
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
something
to
be
said
for
being
a
generalist,
even
if
you
are
a
specialist.
Knowing
a
little
about
a
lot
of
things
that
interest
you
can
add
to
the
richness
of
a
whole,
well-lived
life.
Society
pushes
us
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
specialize,
to
become
experts.
This
requires
commitment
to
a
particular
occupation,
branch
of
study
or
research.
The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less.
There
is
a
great
deal
of
pressure
to
master
one's
field.
You
may
pursue
training,
degrees,
or
increasing
levels
of
responsibility
at
work.
Then
you
discover
the
pressure
of
having
to
keep
up.
Some
people
se
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)em
willing
to
work
around
the
clock
in
their
narrow
specialty.
But
such
commitment
can
also
weaken
a
sense
of
freedom.
These
specialists
could
work
at
the
office
until
ten
each
night,
then
look
back
and
realize
they
would
have
loved
to
have
gone
home
and
enjoyed
the
sweetness
of
their
family
and
friends,
or
traveled
to
exciting
places,
meeting
interesting
people.
Mastering
one
thing
to
the
exclusion
（排
除）of
others
can
hold
back
your
true
spirit.
Generalists,
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
the
other
hand,
know
a
lot
about
a
wide
range
of
subjects
and
view
the
whole
with
all
its
connections.
They
are
people
of
ability,
talent,
and
enthusiasm
who
can
bring
their
broad
perspective
（视角）into
specific
fields
of
expertise
（专长）.The
doctor
who
is
also
a
poet
and
philosopher
is
a
superior
doctor,
one
who
can
give
so
much
more
to
his
patients
than
just
good
medical
skills.
Things
are
connecte
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d.
Let
your
expertise
in
one
field
fuel
your
passions
in
all
related
areas.
Some
of
your
interests
may
not
appear
to
be
connected
but,
once
you
explore
their
depths,
you
discover
that
they
are.
My
editor
Toni,
who
is
also
a
writer,
has
edited
several
history
books.
She
has
decided
to
study
Chinese
history.
Fascinated
by
the
structural
beauty
of
the
Forbidden
City
as
a
painter,
she
is
equally
interested
to
learn
more
about
Chinese
philosophy.
"I
don't
know
where
it
will
lead,
but
I'm
excited
I'm
on
this
pursuit."
These
expansions
into
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)new
worlds
help
us
by
giving
us
new
perspectives.
We
begin
to
see
the
interconnectedness
of
one
thing
to
another
in
all
aspects
of
our
life,
of
ourselves
and
the
universe.
Develop
broad,
general
knowledge
and
experience.
The
universe
is
all
yours
to
explore
and
enjoy.
57．To
become
a
specialist,
one
may
have
to_____.
A．narrow
his
range
of
knowledge
B．avoid
responsibilities
at
work
C．know
more
about
the
society
D．broaden
his
perspective
on
life
58．The
specialists
mentioned
in
Paragraph
3
tend
to______.
A．treasure
their
freedom
B．travel
around
the
world
C．spend
most
time
working
D．enjoy
meeting
funny
people
59．According
to
the
author,
a
superior
doctor
is
one
who_____.
A．is
fully
aware
of
his
talent
and
ability
B．is
a
pure
specialist
in
medicine
C．should
love
poetry
and
philosophy
D．brings
knowledge
of
other
fields
to
work
60．What
does
the
author
intend
to
show
with
the
example
of
Toni?
A．Passion
alone
does
not
ensure
a
person's
success.
B．In-depth
exploration
makes
discoveries
possible.
C．Everyone
has
a
chance
to
succeed
in
their
pursuit.
D．Seemingly
unrelated
interests
are
in
a
way
connected.
61．What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Be
More
a
Generalist
Than
a
Specialist
B．Specialist
or
Generalist:
Hard
to
Decide
C．Turn
a
Generalist
into
a
Specialist
D．Ways
to
Become
a
Generalist
【答案】
57．A
58．C
59．D
60．D
61．A
【解析】本文是议论文。文章论述了要当一个多面手，而不是当某方面的专家。
57．推理判断题。文章第二
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段中提到“This
requires
commitment
to
a
particular
occupation,
branch
of
study
or
research.
The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less.（成为专家需要对特定的职业、研究领域的投入。成为专家的缺点是我们常常对越来越少的知识领域了解得越来越多。）”根据“know
…
about
less
and
less”可知，要成为一名专家，了解到的知识领域会越来越少，会缩小他的知识范围。故选A。www.21-cn-jy.com
58．细节理解题。第三段中提到“Some
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eople
seem
willing
to
work
around
the
clock
in
their
narrow
specialty.
…These
specialists
could
work
at
the
office
until
ten
each
night
(有些人似乎愿意在他们狭隘的专业领域夜以继日地工作。……
这些专家可以每天晚上在办公室工作到十点。)”由此可知，这些专家往往花大部分的时间在工作上。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据文章
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)第四段中“The
doctor
who
is
also
a
poet
and
philosopher
is
a
superior
doctor,
one
who
can
give
so
much
more
to
his
patients
than
just
good
medical
skills.
(这位既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是一位优秀的医生，他能给他的病人提供比良好的医术更多的东西。)”可知，作者认为一名优秀的医生可以将其他领域的知识带到工作中。故选D。
60．推理判断题。文章第五段中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)提到“Things
are
connected.
Let
your
expertise
in
one
field
fuel
your
passions
in
all
related
areas.
Some
of
your
interests
may
not
appear
to
be
connected
but,
once
you
explore
their
depths,
you
discover
that
they
are.（事物之间是有联系的。让你在一个领域的专长激发你在所有相关领域的热情。你的一些兴趣可能看起来没有联系，但一旦你深入探索，你就会发现它们是有联系的。）”；下文举出Toni的例子“My
editor
Toni,
who
is
also
a
writer,
has
edited
several
history
books.
She
has
decided
to
study
Chinese
history.
Fascinated
by
the
structural
beauty
of
the
Forbidden
City
as
a
painter,
she
is
equally
interested
to
learn
more
about
Chinese
philosophy.（我的编辑Toni也是一位作家，她编辑过几本历史书。她已决定学习中国历史。作为一名画家，她痴迷于紫禁城的建筑之美，同时也对更多地了解中国哲学感兴趣。）”由此可以推断，作者想通过Toni的例子说明看似不相关的兴趣，如果深入探索的话，在某种程度上是有联系的。故选D。
61．主旨大意题。文章第一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段提出观点“There
is
something
to
be
said
for
being
a
generalist,
even
if
you
are
a
specialist.”作者提出即使你是一个专家，也应该当一个通才；文章第二段提出“The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less.
”说明成为专家的不足之处是我们常常对越来越少的知识领域了解得越来越深；第四段中提到“Generalists,
…,
know
a
lot
about
a
wide
range
of
subjects
and
view
the
whole
with
all
its
connections.”说明当通才的优点往往对广泛的学科了解得很多，并从整体上来看其中的所有的联系。作者的观点是应该当一个通才。因此文章的标题应为“Be
More
a
Generalist
Than
a
Specialist（做一个通才，而不是专家）”。故选A。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）D
I
have
a
speci
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)al
place
in
my
heart
for
libraries.
I
have
for
as
long
as
I
can
remember.
I
was
always
an
enthusiastic
reader,
sometimes
reading
up
to
three
books
a
day
as
a
child.
Stories
were
like
air
to
me
and
while
other
kids
played
ball
or
went
to
parties,
I
lived
out
adventures
through
the
books
I
checked
out
from
the
library.
My
first
job
was
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)orking
at
the
Ukiah
Library
when
I
was
16
years
old
.It
was
a
dream
job
and
I
did
everything
from
shelving
books
to
reading
to
the
children
for
story
time.
As
I
grew
older
an
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
became
a
mother,
the
library
took
on
a
new
place
and
an
added
meaning
in
my
life.
I
had
several
children
and
books
were
our
main
source(来源)
of
entertainment.
It
was
a
big
deal
for
us
to
load
up
and
go
to
the
local
library,
where
my
kids
could
pick
out
books
to
read
or
books
they
wanted
me
to
read
to
them.
I
always
read
,u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sing
different
voices
,as
though
I
were
acting
out
the
stories
with
my
voice
and
they
loved
it
!It
was
a
special
time
to
bond
with
my
children
and
it
filled
them
with
the
wonderment
of
books
.
Now,
I
see
my
child
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ren
taking
their
children
to
the
library
and
I
love
that
the
excitement
of
going
to
the
library
lives
on
form
generation
to
generation.
As
a
novelist,
I’
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
found
a
new
relationship
with
libraries.
I
encourage
readers
to
go
to
their
local
library
when
they
can’t
afford
to
purchase
a
book.
I
see
libraries
as
a
safe
haven(避风港)
for
readers
and
writers,
a
bridge
that
helps
put
together
a
reader
with
a
book.
Libraries,
in
their
own
way,
help
fight
book
piracy(盗版行为)
and
1
think
all
writers
should
support
libraries
in
a
significant
way
when
they
can.
Encourage
readers
to
use
the
library.
Share
library
announcements
on
your
social
media.
Frequent
them
and
talk
about
them
when
you
can.
32.
Which
word
best
de
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)scribes
the
author’s
relationship
with
books
as
a
child?
A.
Cooperative.
B.
Uneasy.
C.
Inseparable.
D.
Casual.
33.
What
does
the
und
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)erlined
phrase
“an
added
meaning”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.
Pleasure
from
working
in
the
library.
B.
Joy
of
reading
passed
on
in
the
family.
C.
Wonderment
from
acting
out
the
stories.
D.
A
closer
bond
developed
with
the
readers.
34.
What
does
the
author
call
on
other
writers
to
do?
A.
Sponsor
book
fairs.
B.
Write
for
social
media.
C.
Support
libraries.
D.
Purchase
her
novels.
35.
Which
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Reading:
A
Source
of
Knowledge
B.
My
Idea
about
writing
C.
Library:
A
Haven
for
the
Young
D.
My
Love
of
the
Library
【答案】32.
C
33.
B
34.
C
35.
D
【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)个热情的读者，孩提时热衷读书，第一份工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去。作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。
32.推理判断题。根据第一段的
I
was
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
always
an
enthusiastic
reader，sometimes
reading
up
to
three
books
a
day
as
a
child.
Stories
were
like
air
to
me
and
while
other
kids
played
ball
or
went
to
parties.
I
lived
out
adventures
through
the
books
I
checked
out
from
the
library.(我一直是一个热情的读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本书。故事对我来说就像空气，而其他孩子则打球或参加聚会。我通过从图书馆借阅来的书籍经历冒险)可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选C。
33.词句猜测题。根据上文A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
I
grew
older
and
became
a
mother可知，我长大了成了一位母亲，结合下文I
had
several
children
and
books
were
our
main
source
(来源)
of
entertainment.
It
was
a
big
deal
for
us
to
load
up
and
go
to
the
local
library,
where
my
kids
could
pick
out
books
to
read
or
books
they
wanted
me
to
read
to
them(我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书)可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。
34.细节理解题。根据最后一段的I
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ink
all
writers
should
support
libraries
in
a
significant
way
when
they
can.
Encourage
readers
to
use
the
library.
Share
library
announcements
on
your
social
media.
Frequent
them
and
talk
about
them
when
you
can.(
我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆)可推断，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。
35.主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)述了作者是一名热情地读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。因此推断全文围绕“作者对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故D项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选D。
2.（2020·江苏卷）D
I
was
in
the
mid
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dle
of
the
Amazon
(亚马逊)
with
my
wife,
who
was
there
as
a
medical
researcher.
We
flew
on
a
small
plane
to
a
faraway
village.
We
did
not
speak
the
local
language,
did
not
know
the
customs,
and
more
often
than
not,
did
not
entirely
recognize
the
food.
We
could
not
have
felt
more
foreign.
We
were
rais
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
on
books
and
computers,
highways
and
cell
phones,
but
now
we
were
living
in
a
village
without
running
water
or
electricity
It
was
easy
for
us
to
go
to
sleep
at
the
end
of
the
day
feeling
a
little
misunderstood.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Then
one
perfect
Amazo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nian
evening,
with
monkeys
calling
from
beyond
the
village
green,
we
played
soccer.
I
am
not
good
at
soccer,
but
that
evening
it
was
wonderful.
Everyone
knew
the
rules.
We
all
spoke
the
same
language
of
passes
and
shots.
We
understood
one
another
perfectly.
As
darkness
came
over
the
field
and
the
match
ended,
the
goal
keeper,
Juan,
walked
over
to
me
and
said
in
a
matter-of-fact
way,
“In
your
home,
do
you
have
a
moon
too?”
I
was
surprised.
After
I
expl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ained
to
Juan
that
yes,
we
did
have
a
moon
and
yes,
it
was
very
similar
to
his,
I
felt
a
sort
of
awe
(敬畏)
at
the
possibilities
that
existed
in
his
world.
In
Juan’s
world,
each
village
could
have
its
own
moon.
In
Juan’s
world.
the
unknown
and
undiscovered
was
vast
and
marvelous.
Anything
was
possible.
In
our
society,
we
kno
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)w
that
Earth
has
only
one
moon.
We
have
looked
at
our
planet
from
every
angle
and
found
all
of
the
wildest
things
left
to
find.
I
can,
from
my
computer
at
home,
pull
up
satellite
images
of
Juan’s
village.
There
are
no
more
continents
and
no
more
moons
to
search
for,
little
left
to
discover.
At
least
it
seems
that
way.
Yet,
as
I
thought
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bout
Juan’s
question,
I
was
not
sure
how
much
more
we
could
really
rule
out.
I
am,
in
part,
an
ant
biologist,
so
my
thoughts
turned
to
what
we
know
about
insect
life
and
I
knew
that
much
in
the
world
of
insects
remains
unknown.
How
much,
though?
How
ignorant
(无知的)
are
we?
The
question
of
what
we
know
and
do
not
know
constantly
bothered
me.
I
began
collect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
newspaper
articles
about
new
species,
new
monkey,
new
spider…,
and
on
and
on
they
appear.
My
drawer
quickly
filled.
I
began
a
second
drawer
for
more
general
discoveries:
new
cave
system
discovered
with
dozens
of
nameless
species,
four
hundred
species
of
bacteria
found
in
the
human
stomach.
The
second
drawer
began
to
fill
and
as
it
did
I
wondered
whether
there
were
bigger
discoveries
out
there,
not
just
species,
but
life
that
depends
on
things
thought
to
be
useless,
life
even
without
DNA.
I
started
a
third
drawer
for
these
big
discoveries.
It
fills
more
slowly,
but
all
the
same,
it
fills.
In
looking
into
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
stories
of
biological
discovery,
I
also
began
to
find
something
else,
a
collection
of
scientists,
usually
brilliant
occasionally
half-mad,
who
made
the
discoveries.
Those
scientists
very
often
see
the
same
things
that
other
scientists
see,
but
they
pay
more
attention
to
them,
and
they
focus
on
them
to
the
point
of
exhaustion
(穷尽),
and
at
the
risk
of
the
ridicule
of
their
peers.
In
looking
for
the
stories
of
discovery,
I
found
the
stories
of
these
people
and
how
their
lives
changed
our
view
of
the
world.
We
are
repeatedly
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)illing
to
imagine
we
have
found
most
of
what
is
left
to
discover.
We
used
to
think
that
insects
were
the
smallest
organisms
(生物),
and
that
nothing
lived
deeper
than
six
hundred
meters.
Yet,
when
something
new
turns
up,
more
often
than
not,
we
do
not
even
know
its
name.
65.
How
did
the
author
feel
on
his
arrival
in
the
Amazon?
A.
Out
of
place.
B.
Full
of
joy.
C.
Sleepy.
D.
Regretful.
66.
What
made
that
Amazonian
evening
wonderful?
A.
He
learned
more
about
the
local
language.
B.
They
had
a
nice
conversation
with
each
other.
C.
They
understood
each
other
while
playing.
D.
He
won
the
soccer
game
with
the
goal
keeper.
67.
Why
was
the
author
surprised
at
Juan’s
question
about
the
moon?21·cn·jy·com
A.
The
question
was
too
straightforward.
B.
Juan
knew
so
little
about
the
world.
C.
The
author
didn’t
know
how
to
answer.
D.
The
author
didn’t
think
Juan
was
sincere.
68.
What
was
the
autho
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r’s
initial
purpose
of
collecting
newspaper
articles?2-1-c-n-j-y
A.
To
sort
out
what
we
have
known.
B.
To
deepen
his
research
into
Amazonians.
C.
To
improve
his
reputation
as
a
biologist.
D.
To
learn
more
about
local
cultures.
69.
How
did
those
brilliant
scientists
make
great
discoveries?
A.
They
shifted
their
viewpoints
frequently.
B.
They
followed
other
scientists
closely.
C.
They
often
criticized
their
fellow
scientists.
D.
They
conducted
in-depth
and
close
studies.
70.
What
could
be
the
most
suitable
title
for
the
passage?
A.
The
Possible
and
the
Impossible
.
B.
The
Known
and
the
Unknown
.
C.
The
Civilized
and
the
Uncivilized
.
D.
The
Ignorant
and
the
Intelligent.
【答案】65.
A
66.
C
67.
B
68.
A
69.
D
70.
B21教育名师原创作品
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和妻子来到了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)亚马逊，妻子是一名医学研究者。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在生物多样性发现的过程中，作者意识到，很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。
65.推理判断题。根据第一段“We
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
didn’t
speak
the
local
language,
did
not
know
the
customs
and
more
often
than
not,
didn’t
entirely
recognize
the
food.
We
couldn’t
have
felt
more
foreign.”可知，我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当地的风俗习惯，而且往往我们不能完全认识食物，我们感觉非常陌生。由此可知，作者一到达亚马逊感觉格格不入。故选A项。
66.细节理解题。根据第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段“Everyone
knew
the
rules.
We
all
spoke
the
same
language
of
passes
and
shots.
We
understood
one
another
perfectly.”可知，每个人都知道规则，在传球和射门方面，我们说着同样的语言，彼此非常了解。由此可知，踢球时他们的彼此理解使得他们的亚马逊夜晚很美好。故选C项。
67.推理判断题。根据第四段“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)In
Juan’s
world,
the
unknown
and
undiscovered
was
vast
and
marvelous.”可知，在胡安的世界里，未知的东西和未被发现的东西是浩瀚而神奇的。由此判断，胡安对这个世界知之甚少。故选B项。
68.推理判断题。根据第七
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段“I
began
collecting
newspaper
articles
about
new
species,
new
spider...,and
on
and
on
they
appear,
my
drawer
quickly
filled,
I
began
a
second
drawer
for
more
general
discoveries:
new
cave
system
discovered
with
dozens
of
nameless
species
...I
started
a
third
drawer
for
these
big
discoveries.”可知，我开始收集报纸上关于新物种、新蜘蛛的文章……它们源源不断地出现，我的抽屉很快就填满了。我开始用第二个抽屉来储存更普遍的发现:在新的洞穴系统发现了几十个无名的物种……我还为这些重大发现准备了第三个抽屉。由此判断，作者收集报纸文章的初始目的是为了分类我们所知道的事情。故选A项。
69.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“bu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
they
pay
more
attention
to
them
,and
they
focus
on
them
to
the
point
of
exhaustion
,and
at
the
risk
of
the
ridicule
of
their
peers.”可知，但他们更多地关注这些发现，他们把注意力集中在这些发现上直到精疲力竭的地步，冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。由此可知，杰出的科学家进行深入细致的研究，做出重大的发现。故选D项。
70.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)和妻子来到了亚马逊。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解到一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在对这里的风土人情和多样化生物的研究过程中，作者提高了认识，意识到很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。所以短文的最佳标题为“已知和未知的事物”。故选B项。
3.（2020·天津卷）D
After
years
of
observi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance
curiosity
and
discontent.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.
Together,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)se
deep
human
urges
(驱策力)
count
for
much
more
that
ambition.
Galileo
was
not
merely
ambitious
when
he
dropped
objects
of
varying
weights
from
the
Leaning
Tower
at
Pisa
and
timed
their
fall
to
the
ground.
Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?”
Fortunately,
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uriosity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
“The
great
man,”
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
said
Mencius
(孟子),
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
We
just
follow
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
desires
restful
average.
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner,
to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark,
to
be
satisfied.
Most
of
us
meet
new
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)people,
and
new
ideas,
with
hesitation.
But
once
having
met
and
liked
them,
we
think
how
terrible
it
would
have
been,
had
we
missed
the
chance.
We
will
probably
have
to
force
ourselves
to
waken
our
curiosity
and
discontent
and
keep
them
awake.
How
should
you
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tart?
Modestly,
so
as
not
to
become
discouraged.
I
think
of
one
friend
who
couldn’t
arrange
flowers
to
satisfy
herself.
She
was
curious
about
how
the
experts
did
it.
How
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement.
One
way
to
begin
is
to
answer
your
own
excuses.
You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
Most
people
don’t;
there
are
only
a
few
geniuses.
You
haven’t
any
time?
That’s
good
because
it’s
always
the
people
with
no
time
who
get
things
done.
Harriet
Stowe,
mother
of
six,
wrote
parts
of
Uncle
Tom’s
Cabin
while
cooking.
You’re
too
old?
Remember
that
Thomas
Costain
was
57
when
he
published
his
first
novel,
and
that
Grandma
Moses
showed
her
first
pictures
when
she
was
78.
However
you
start,
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)emember
there
is
no
better
time
to
start
than
right
now,
for
you’ll
never
be
more
alive
than
you
are
at
this
moment.
51.
In
writing
Paragraph
1,
the
author
aims
to
________.
A.
propose
a
definition
B.
make
a
comparison
C.
reach
a
conclusion
D.
present
an
argument
52.
What
does
the
example
of
Galileo
tell
us?
A.
Trial
and
error
leads
to
the
finding
of
truth.
B.
Scientists
tend
to
be
curious
and
ambitious.
C.
Creativity
results
from
challenging
authority.
D.
Greatness
comes
from
a
lasting
desire
to
explore.
53.
What
can
you
do
to
recapture
curiosity
and
discontent?2·1·c·n·j·y
A.
Observe
the
unknown
around
you.
B.
Develop
a
questioning
mind.
C.
Lead
a
life
of
adventure.
D.
Follow
the
fashion.
54.
What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraphs
6
and
7?
A.
Gaining
success
helps
you
become
an
expert.
B.
The
genius
tends
to
get
things
done
creatively.
C.
Lack
of
talent
and
time
is
no
reason
for
taking
no
action.
D.
You
should
remain
modest
when
approaching
perfection.
55.
What
could
be
the
best
tile
or
the
passage?
A.
Curious
Minds
Never
Feel
Contented
B.
Reflections
on
Human
Nature
C.
The
Keys
to
Achievement
D.
Never
Too
Late
to
Learn
【答案】51.
D
52.
D
53.
B
54.
C
55.
C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。
51.推理判断题。根据第一段内容After
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
years
of
observing
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance
curiosity
and
discontent.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.可知，作者经过多年对人性的观察，认为成就非凡的人和平庸的人的区别在于好奇心和不满足，而且两者是相辅相成的。由此推知，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。
52.推理判断题。根据第二段中的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?”可知，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：“为什么？为什么？为什么？”由此推知，伽利略的例子告诉我们，伟大来自于持久的探索欲望。故选D。
53.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Like
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?”及第四段中的“The
great
man,”
said
Mencius
(孟子),
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
We
just
follow
the
crowd.可知，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：“为什么？为什么？为什么？”孟子认为“不失去孩子的心，就是伟大的人。”然而，我们大多数人确实失去了它。我们不再问问题。我们不再挑战习俗。我们只是随大流。由此可知，你可以通过培养了一个善于提问的头脑，来重新获得好奇心和不满。故选B。
54.推理判断题。根据第六段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中的How
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement.及第七段中的You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
Most
people
don’t;
there
are
only
a
few
geniuses.
You
haven’t
any
time?
That’s
good,
because
it’s
always
the
people
with
no
time
who
get
things
done.以及列举了Thomas
Costain在57岁时出版了他的第一部小说，Grandma
Moses在78岁时展示了她的第一批照片。由此可知，这两段想告诉我们“缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由”。故选C。
55.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容Afte
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
years
of
observing
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance
curiosity
and
discontent.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.及下文论述可知，本文主要论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。由此可知，C项The
Keys
to
Achievement(成就的关键)适合做本文最佳标题。故选C。
【2019年】
1.
【2019·天津卷，B】
I
must
have
always
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)known
reading
was
very
important
because
the
first
memories
I
have
as
a
child
deal
with
books.
There
was
not
one
night
that
I
don't
remember
mom
reading
me
a
storybook
by
my
bedside.
I
was
extremely
inspired
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
I
always
wanted
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)know
what
my
mom
was
reading.
Hearing
mom
say,"
I
can't
believe
what's
printed
in
the
newspaper
this
morning,"
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself.
I
wanted
to
be
like
my
mom
and
know
all
of
the
things
she
knew.
So
I
carried
around
a
book,
and
each
night,
just
to
be
like
her,
I
would
pretend
to
be
reading.
This
is
how
every
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)one
learned
to
read.
We
would
start
off
with
sentences,
then
paragraphs,
and
then
stories.
It
seemed
an
unending
journey,
but
even
as
a
six-year-old
girl
I
realized
that
knowing
how
to
read
could
open
many
doors.
When
mom
said,"
The
C-A-N-D-Y
is
hidden
on
the
top
shelf,"
I
knew
where
the
candy
was.
My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,
and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.
I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly,
so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
Most
of
my
reading
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)through
primary,
middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.
I
read
for
knowledge,
and
to
make
A's
on
my
tests.
Occasionally,
I
would
read
a
novel
that
was
assigned,
but
I
didn't
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.
I
liked
facts,
things
that
are
concrete.
I
thought
anything
abstract
left
too
much
room
for
argument.
Yet,
now
that
I'm
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex,
I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
By
opening
a
novel,
I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.
In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.
I
don't
have
to
write
down
what
happened
or
what
technique
the
author
was
using
when
he
or
she
wrote
this.
I
just
read
to
relax.
We're
taught
to
re
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ad
because
it's
necessary
for
much
of
human
understanding.
Reading
is
a
vital
part
of
my
life.
Reading
satisfies
my
desire
to
keep
learning.
And
I've
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lie
within
books
are
limitless.
41.
Why
did
the
author
want
to
grab
the
newspaper
out
of
mom's
hands？
A.
She
wanted
mom
to
read
the
news
to
her.
B.
She
was
anxious
to
know
what
had
happened.
C.
She
couldn't
wait
to
tear
the
newspaper
apart.
D.
She
couldn't
help
but
stop
mom
from
reading.
42.
According
to
Parag
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)raph
3，the
author's
reading
of
road
signs
indicates___________
A.
her
unique
way
to
locate
herself
B.
her
eagerness
to
develop
her
reading
ability
C.
her
effort
to
remind
mom
to
obey
traffic
rules
D.
her
growing
desire
to
know
the
world
around
her.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
43.
What
was
the
author's
view
on
factual
reading？
A.
It
would
help
her
update
test-taking
skills.
B.
It
would
allow
much
room
for
free
thinking.
C.
It
would
provide
true
and
objective
information.
D.
It
would
help
shape
a
realistic
and
serious
attitude
to
life.
44.
The
author
takes
novel
reading
as
a
way
to___________.
A.
explore
a
fantasy
land
B.
develop
a
passion
for
leaning
C.
learn
about
the
adult
community
D.
get
away
from
a
confusing
world
45.
What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage？
A.
The
Magic
of
Reading
B.
The
Pleasure
of
Reading
C.
Growing
Up
with
Reading
D.
Reading
Makes
a
Full
Man
【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。
41.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段主
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)题句I
always
wanted
to
know
what
my
mom
was
reading.和Hearing
mom
say
…
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself可知，作者一直想知道妈妈在读什么。作者抢过妈妈读的报纸，因为作者自己迫切想看一看报纸上写的内容，故选B。
42.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)第三段My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,
and
I
wanted
to
know
everything，可以推断出，让妈妈开车开慢一点，他能够读出所有路标，正是作者在阅读方面的进步引起了他的好奇心，想要了解周围的一切，故选D。
43.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一句Most
of
my
reading
through
primary,
middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.
I
read
for
knowledge,
and
to
make
A’s
on
my
test.可知，小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读，读书是为了获取知识，考试得A。因此事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息，故选
C。
44.
D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)By
opening
a
novel,
I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.
In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.(
打开一本小说，我可以摆脱我的负担，进入一个奇妙而神秘的世界，我现在是一个新的角色。在这个世界上，我可以成为任何人。)
可知，阅读小说可以让作者避开复杂的现实而投入到小说中的世界中去，故选D。
45.C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据上下文可知，作者以时间顺序回忆了自己的阅读经历和感悟，伴着阅读成长，故选项C符合题意。
2.
【2019·全国卷III，B】
For
Western
d
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)esigners,
China
and
its
rich
culture
have
long
been
an
inspiration
for
Western
creative.
"It's
no
secret
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)China
has
always
been
a
source(来源)of
inspiration
for
designers,"
says
Amanda
Hill,
chief
creative
officer
at
A+E
Networks,
a
global
media
company
and
home
to
some
of
the
biggest
fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier
this
y
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ear,
the
China
Through
A
Looking
Glass
exhibition
in
New
York
exhibited
140
pieces
of
China-inspired
fashionable
clothing
alongside
Chinese
works
of
art,
with
the
aim
of
exploring
the
influence
of
Chinese
aesthetics(美学)on
Western
fashion
and
how
China
has
fueled
the
fashionable
imagination
for
centuries.
The
exhibition
had
record
attendance,
showing
that
there
is
huge
interest
in
Chinese
influences.
"China
is
impossibl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
to
overlook,"
says
Hill.
"Chinese
models
are
the
faces
of
beauty
and
fashion
campaigns
that
sell
dreams
to
women
all
over
the
world,
which
means
Chinese
women
are
not
just
consumers
of
fashion
—
they
are
central
to
its
movement.
"Of
course,
only
are
today's
top
Western
designers
being
influenced
by
China-some
of
the
best
designers
of
contemporary
fashion
are
themselves
Chinese."
Vera
Wang,
Alexander
Wang,
Jason
Wu
are
taking
on
Galiano,
Albaz,
Marc
Jacobs-and
beating
them
hands
down
in
design
and
sales,"
adds
Hil.
For
Hill,
it
is
imposs
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ible
not
to
talk
about
China
as
the
leading
player
when
discussing
fashion.
"The
most
famous
designers
are
Chinese,
so
are
the
models,
and
so
are
the
consumers,"
she
says.
"China
is
no
longer
just
another
market;
in
many
senses
it
has
become
the
market.
If
you
talk
about
fashion
today,
you
are
talking
about
China-its
influences,
its
direction,
its
breathtaking
clothes,
and
how
young
designers
and
models
are
finally
acknowledging
that
in
many
ways."21世纪教育网版权所有
24.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
exhibition
in
New
York?
A.
It
promoted
the
sales
of
artworks.
B.
It
attracted
a
large
number
of
visitors.
C.
It
showed
ancient
Chinese
clothes.
D.
It
aimed
to
introduce
Chinese
models.
25.
What
does
Hill
say
about
Chinese
women?
A.
They
are
se
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tting
the
fashion.
B.
They
start
many
fashion
campaigns.
C.
They
admire
super
models.
D.
They
do
business
all
over
the
world.
26.
What
do
the
underlined
words
"taking
on"
in
paragraph
4
mean?
A.
learning
from
B.
looking
down
on
C.
working
with
D.
competing
against
27.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Young
Models
Selling
Dreams
to
the
World
B.
A
Chinese
Art
Exhibition
Held
in
New
York
C.
Differences
Between
Eastern
and
Western
Aesthetics
D.
Chinese
Culture
Fueling
International
Fashion
Trends
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
24.B
【解析】细节理解题。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)答案定位在第三段The
exhibition
had
record
attendance,
showing
that
there
is
huge
interest
in
Chinese
influences.（此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。
25.A
【解析】细节理解
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)题。答案定位在第四段Chinese
models
are
the
faces
of
beauty
and
fashion
campaigns
that
sell
dreams
to
women
all
over
the
world,
which
means
Chinese
women
are
not
just
consumers
of
fashion-they
are
central
to
its
movement
.
（中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选A。
26.D
【解析】词义猜测题。下
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)文and
beating
them
hands
down
in
design
and
sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera
Wang,
Alexander
Wang,
Jason
Wu
are
taking
on
Galliano,
Albaz,
Mare
Jacobs的意思是Vera
Wang、Alexander
Wang和Jason
Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和
Mare
Jacobs竞争。taking
on意思是“竞争”，故选D。
27.D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)章第一段china
and
its
culture
have
long
been
an
inspiration
for
western
creations.以及最后一段If
you
talk
about
fashion
today
,
you
are
talking
about
China
-
its
influences
,
its
direction,
its
breathtaking
clothes,
and
how
young
designers
and
models
are
finally
acknowledging
that
in
many
ways."（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。
3.
【2019·天津卷，D】
Would
you
BET
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on
the
future
of
this
man？He
is
53
years
old.
Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.
A
war
injury
has
made
his
left
hand
stop
functioning，and
he
has
often
been
in
prison.
Driven
by
heaven-knows-what
motives，he
determines
to
write
a
book.21·世纪
教育网
The
book
turns
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)out
to
be
one
that
has
appealed
to
the
world
for
more
than
350
years.
That
former
prisoner
was
Cervantes，and
the
book
was
Don
Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）.
And
the
story
poses
an
interesting
question:
why
do
some
people
discover
new
vitality
and
creativity
to
the
end
of
their
days，while
others
go
to
seed
long
before？
We've
all
known
peo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ple
who
run
out
of
steam
before
they
reach
life's
halfway
mark.
I'm
not
talking
about
those
who
fail
to
get
to
the
top.
We
can't
all
get
there.
I'm
talking
about
people
who
have
stopped
learning
on
growing
because
they
have
adopted
the
fixed
attitudes
and
opinions
that
all
too
often
come
with
passing
years.
Most
of
us，in
fact，pro
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)gressively
narrow
the
variety
of
our
lives.
We
succeed
in
our
field
of
specialization
and
then
become
trapped
in
it.
Nothing
surprises
us.
We
lose
our
sense
of
wonder.
But，if
we
are
willing
to
lean，the
opportunities
are
everywhere.
The
things
we
learn
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)in
maturity
seldom
involve
information
and
skills.
We
learn
to
bear
with
the
things
we
can't
change.
We
learn
to
avoid
self-pity.
We
learn
that
however
much
we
try
to
please，some
people
are
never
going
to
love
us-an
idea
that
troubles
at
first
but
is
eventually
relaxing.
With
high
mo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tivation
and
enthusiasm，we
can
keep
on
learning.
Then
we
will
know
how
important
it
is
to
have
meaning
in
our
life.
However，we
can
achieve
meaning
only
if
we
have
made
a
commitment
to
something
larger
than
our
own
little
egos（自我），whether
to
loved
ones，to
fellow
humans，to
work，or
to
some
moral
concept.
Many
of
us
equa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)te（视……等同于）“commitment”
with
such
“caring”
occupations
as
teaching
and
nursing.
But
doing
any
ordinary
job
as
well
as
one
can
is
in
itself
an
admirable
commitment.
People
who
work
toward
such
excellence
whether
they
are
driving
a
truck，or
running
a
store-make
the
world
better
just
by
being
the
kind
of
people
they
are.
They've
learned
life's
most
valuable
lesson.
51.
The
passage
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
starts
with
the
story
of
Cervantes
to
show
that_________.
A.
loss
of
freedom
stimulates
one's
creativity
B.
age
is
not
a
barrier
to
achieving
one's
goal
C.
misery
inspires
a
man
to
fight
against
his
fate21
cnjy
com
D.
disability
cannot
stop
a
man's
pursuit
of
success
52.
What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean？
A.
End
one's
struggle
for
liberty.
B.
Waste
one's
energy
taking
risks.
C.
Miss
the
opportunity
to
succeed.
D.
Lose
the
interest
to
continue
learning.
53.
What
could
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
4？
A.
Those
who
dare
to
try
often
get
themselves
trapped.
B.
Those
who
tend
to
think
back
can
hardly
go
ahead.
C.
Opportunity
favors
those
with
a
curious
mind.
D.
Opportunity
awaits
those
with
a
cautious
mind.
54.
What
does
the
author
intend
to
tell
us
in
Paragraph
5？
A.
A
tough
man
can
tolerate
suffering.
B.
A
wise
man
can
live
without
self-pity
C.
A
man
should
try
to
satisfy
people
around
him.
D.
A
man
should
learn
suitable
ways
to
deal
with
life
55.
What
is
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage？
A.
To
provide
guidance
on
leading
a
meaningful
adult
life.
B.
To
stress
the
need
of
shouldering
responsibilities
at
work.
C.
To
state
the
importance
of
generating
motivation
for
learning.
D.
To
suggest
a
way
of
pursuing
excellence
in
our
lifelong
career.
【语篇解读】本文属于议论文，讲述要成功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义。
51.B
【解析】推理判
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)断题。第一段讲述塞万提斯一生不幸，负债累累，因为战争受伤左手残疾，同时还身陷囹圄，在53岁的时候决定写书，最终写出成名作《唐吉柯德》，根据后文可知，所有的困境都没有阻挡他的成功，年龄也是如此，故选B。
52.D【解析】词义猜测题。根
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)据第三段I’m
talking
about
people
who
have
stopped
learning
on
growing
because
they
have
adopted
the
fixed
attitudes
and
opinions
that
all
too
often
come
with
passing
years.故可知，作者谈论的不是那些没有到达巅峰的人，而是谈论那些不再学习成长的人，故可知run
out
of
steam可知，停止学习，故选D。
53.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段we
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
lose
the
sense
of
wonder.
But,
if
we
are
willing
to
learn,
the
opportunities
are
everywhere.可知，我们失去了好奇感，但是如果我们愿意学习，机会无处不在，故可知，机会总是留给那些好奇心的人，故选C。
54.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段we
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
learn
to
bear
with
the
things
we
can’t
change.
We
learn
to
avoid
self-pity.
We
learn
that
however
much
we
try
to
please,
some
people
are
never
going
to
love
us—an
idea
that
troubles
at
first
but
is
eventually
relaxing.可知，我们学会承受那些无法改变的事情，学会避免自怜，也学会了无论我们怎么去取悦别人，有些人是无法喜欢我们的，这个观点起初让我们苦恼，但是之后会让我们释怀，故可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会使用恰当的方式来对待生活，故选D。
55.A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文讲述要成
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义，故本文作者的目的是为了指导我们过一个有意义的成年人生活，故选A。
4.
【2019·江苏卷，C】
Who
cares
if
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)people
think
wrongly
that
the
Internet
has
had
more
important
influences
than
the
washing
machine?
Why
does
it
matter
that
people
are
more
impressed
by
the
most
recent
changes?
It
would
not
mat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ter
if
these
misjudgments
were
just
a
matter
of
people's
opinions.
However,
they
have
real
impacts,
as
they
result
in
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.
The
fascination
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)with
the
ICT(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
"yesterday"
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
This
belief
in
"post-industrial
society"
has
led
those
countries
to
neglect
their
manufacturing
sector(制造业)
with
negative
consequences
for
their
economies.
Even
more
wor
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ryingly,
the
fascination
with
the
Internet
by
people
in
rich
countries
has
moved
the
international
community
to
worry
about
the
"digital
divide"
between
the
rich
countries
and
the
poor
countries.
This
has
led
companies
and
individuals
to
donate
money
to
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment
and
Internet
facilities.
The
question,
however,
is
whether
this
is
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
Perhaps
giving
money
for
those
less
fashionable
things
such
as
digging
wells,
extending
electricity
networks
and
making
more
affordable
washing
machines
would
have
improved
people's
lives
more
than
giving
every
child
a
laptop
computer
or
setting
up
Internet
centres
in
rural
villages,
I
am
not
saying
that
those
things
are
necessarily
more
important,
but
many
donators
have
rushed
into
fancy
programmes
without
carefully
assessing
the
relative
long-term
costs
and
benefits
of
alternative
uses
of
their
money.
In
yet
another
examp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)le,
a
fascination
with
the
new
has
led
people
to
believe
that
the
recent
changes
in
the
technologies
of
communications
and
transportation
are
so
revolutionary
that
now
we
live
in
a
"borderless
world".
As
a
result,
in
the
last
twenty
years
or
so,
many
people
have
come
to
believe
that
whatever
change
is
happening
today
is
the
result
of
great
technological
progress,
going
against
which
will
be
like
trying
to
turn
the
clock
back.
Believing
in
such
a
world,
many
governments
have
put
an
end
to
some
of
the
very
necessary
regulations
on
cross-border
flows
of
capital,
labour
and
goods,
with
poor
results.
Understanding
techno
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)logical
trends
is
very
important
for
correctly
designing
economic
policies,
both
at
the
national
and
the
international
levels,
and
for
making
the
right
career
choices
at
the
individual
level.
However,
our
fascination
with
the
latest,
and
our
under
valuation
of
what
has
already
become
common,
can,
and
has,
led
us
in
all
sorts
of
wrong
directions.
61.
Misjudgments
on
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
influences
of
new
technology
can
lead
to
__________.
A.
a
lack
of
confidence
in
technology
B.
a
slow
progress
in
technology
C.
a
conflict
of
public
opinions
D.
a
waste
of
limited
resources
62.
The
example
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
Paragraph
4
suggests
that
donators
should
__________.
A.
take
people's
essential
needs
into
account
B.
make
their
programmes
attractive
to
people
C.
ensure
that
each
child
gets
financial
support
D.
provide
more
affordable
internet
facilities
63.
What
has
led
many
governments
to
remove
necessary
regulations?
A.
Neglecting
the
impacts
of
technological
advances.
B.
Believing
that
the
world
has
become
borderless.
C.
Ignoring
the
power
of
economic
development.
D.
Over-emphasizing
the
role
of
international
communication.
64.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
People
should
be
encouraged
to
make
more
donations.
B.
Traditional
technology
still
has
a
place
nowadays.
C.
Making
right
career
choices
is
crucial
to
personal
success.
D.
Economic
policies
should
follow
technological
trends.
【语篇解读】本文属于议论文，讲述对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。
61.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)However,
they
have
reak
impacts,
as
they
result
in
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.
可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。
62.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段Pe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rhaps
giving
money
for
those
less
fashionable
things
such
as
digging
wells,
extending
electricity
networks
and
making
more
affordable
washing
machines
would
have
improved
people's
lives
more
than
giving
every
child
a
laptop
computer
or
setting
up
Internet
centres
in
rural
villages,
I
am
not
saying
that
those
things
are
necessarily
more
important,
but
many
donators
have
rushed
into
fancy
programmes
without
carefully
assessing
the
relative
long-term
costs
and
benefits
of
alternative
uses
of
their
money.可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。
63.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)五段In
yet
another
example,
a
fascination
with
the
new
has
led
people
to
believe
that
the
recent
changes
in
the
technologies
of
communications
and
transportation
are
so
revolutionary
that
now
we
live
in
a
"borderless
world".
以及Believing
in
such
a
world,
many
governments
have
put
an
end
to
some
of
the
very
necessary
regulations
on
cross-border
flows
of
capital,
labour
and
goods,
with
poor
results.可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。
64.B
【解析】推理判断
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)题。根据第三段The
fascination
with
the
ICT(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
"yesterday"
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
This
belief
in
"post-industrial
society"
has
led
those
countries
to
neglect
their
manufacturing
sector(制造业)
with
negative
consequences
for
their
economies.可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故可知传统的技术依然传统的技术依然有它的地位，不能新兴的信息技术取代，故选B。
【2018年】
1.【2018·全国I，C】
Languages
have
been
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
coming
and
going
for
thousands
of
years,
but
in
recent
times
there
has
been
less
coming
and
a
lot
more
going.
When
the
world
was
still
populated
by
hunter-gatherers,
small,
tightly
knit
(联系)groups
developed
their
own
patterns
of
speech
independent
of
each
other.
Some
language
experts
believe
that
10,000
years
ago,
when
the
world
had
just
five
to
ten
million
people,
they
spoke
perhaps
12,000
languages
between
them.
Soon
afterwards,
many
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
those
people
started
settling
down
to
become
farmers,
and
their
languages
too
became
more
settled
and
fewer
in
number.
In
recent
centuries,
trade,
industrialization,
the
development
of
the
nation-state
and
the
spread
of
universal
compulsory
education,
especially
globalisation
and
better
communications
in
the
past
few
decades,
all
have
caused
many
languages
to
disappear,
and
dominant
languages
such
as
English,
Spanish
and
Chinese
are
increasingly
taking
over.
At
present,
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
world
has
about
6,800
languages.
The
distribution
of
these
languages
is
hugely
uneven.
The
general
rule
is
that
mild
zones
have
relatively
few
languages,
often
spoken
by
many
people,
while
hot,
wet
zones
have
lots,
often
spoken
by
small
numbers.
Europe
has
only
around
200
languages;
the
Americas
about
1,000;
Africa
2
400;
and
Asia
and
the
Pacific
perhaps
3,200,
of
which
Papua
New
Guinea
alone
accounts
for
well
over
800.
The
median
number
(中位数)of
speakers
is
a
mere
6,000,
which
means
that
half
the
world’s
languages
are
spoken
by
fewer
people
than
that.
Already
well
over
4
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)00
of
the
total
of,
6,800
languages
are
close
to
extinction(消亡),
with
only
a
few
elderly
speakers
left.
Pick,
at
random,
Busuu
in
Cameroon
(eight
remaining
speakers),Chiapaneco
in
Mexico(150),
Lipan
Apache
in
the
United
States(two
or
three)or
Wadjigu
in
Australia
(one,
with
a
question-mark):
none
of
these
seems
to
have
much
chance
of
survival.
28.
What
can
we
infer
about
languages
in
hunter-gatherer
times?
A.
They
developed
very
fast.
B.
They
were
large
in
number.
C.
They
had
similar
patterns.
D.
They
were
closely
connected.
29.
Which
of
the
foll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)owing
best
explains
"dominant
"
underlined
in
paragraph
2？
A.
Complex.
B.
Advanced.
C.
Powerful.
D.
Modern.
30.
How
many
langu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ages
are
spoken
by
less
than
6,
000
people
at
present?
A.
About
6,800
B.
About
3,400
C.
About
2,400
D.
About
1,200
31.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
New
languages
will
be
created.
B.
People’s
lifestyles
are
reflected
in
languages.
C.
Human
development
results
in
fewer
languages.
D.
Geography
determines
language
evolution.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
28.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的When
the
world
was
still
populated
by
hunter-gatherers,
small,
tightly
knit
(联系)
groups
developed
their
own
patterns
of
speech
independent
of
each
other...
when
the
world
had
just
five
to
ten
million
people,
they
spoke
perhaps
12,000
languages
between
them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人居住的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式。当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
29.C【解析】猜测词义题。根据文章第二段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中的dominant
languages
such
as
English,
Spanish
and
Chinese
are
increasingly
taking
over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在替代其他语言。由此推知dominant
languages意为：强有力的语言。故选C。
30.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中的At
present,
the
world
has
about
6,800
languages.和The
median
number
(中位数)
of
speakers
is
a
mere
6,000,
which
means
that
half
the
world’s
languages
are
spoken
by
fewer
people
than
that.
可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400.故选B。
31.C【解析】主旨要义题
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages
have
been
coming
and
going
for
thousands
of
years,
but
in
recent
times
there
has
been
less
coming
and
a
lot
more
going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近时代语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选
2.【2018·全国卷II，D】
We’ve
all
been
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)re:
in
a
lift,
in
line
at
the
bank
or
on
an
airplane,
surrounded
by
people
who
are,
like
us,
deeply
focused
on
their
smartphones
or,
worse,
struggling
with
the
uncomfortable
silence.
What’s
the
prob
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lem?
It’s
possible
that
we
all
have
compromised
conversational
intelligence.
It’s
more
likely
that
none
of
us
start
a
conversation
because
it’s
awkward
and
challenging,
or
we
think
it’s
annoying
and
unnecessary.
But
the
next
time
you
find
yourself
among
strangers,
consider
that
small
talk
is
worth
the
trouble.
Experts
say
it’s
an
invaluable
social
practice
that
results
in
big
benefits.
Dismissing
sma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ll
talk
as
unimportant
is
easy,
but
we
can’t
forget
that
deep
relationships
wouldn’t
even
exist
if
it
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
weren’t
for
casual
conversation.
Small
talk
is
the
grease(润滑剂)
for
social
communication,
says
Bernardo
Carducci,
director
of
the
Shyness
Research
Institute
at
Indiana
University
Southeast.
＂Almost
every
great
love
story
and
each
big
business
deal
begins
with
small
talk,＂
he
explains.
＂The
key
to
successful
small
talk
is
learning
how
to
connect
with
others,
not
just
communicate
with
them.＂
In
a
2014
stud
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y,
Elizabeth
Dunn,
associate
professor
of
psychology
at
UBC,
invited
people
on
their
way
into
a
coffee
shop.
One
group
was
asked
to
seek
out
an
interaction(互动)
with
its
waiter;
the
other,
to
speak
only
when
necessary.
The
results
showed
that
those
who
chatted
with
their
server
reported
significantly
higher
positive
feelings
and
a
better
coffee
shop
experience.
＂It’s
not
that
talking
to
the
waiter
is
better
than
talking
to
your
husband,＂
says
Dunn.
＂But
interactions
with
peripheral(边缘的)
members
of
our
social
network
matter
for
our
well-being
also.＂
Dunn
believes
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
people
who
reach
out
to
strangers
feel
a
significantly
greater
sense
of
belonging,
a
bond
with
others.
Carducci
believes
developing
such
a
sense
of
belonging
starts
with
small
talk.
＂Small
talk
is
the
basis
of
good
manners,＂
he
says.
32.
What
phenomenon
is
described
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Addiction
to
smartphones.
B.
Inappropriate
behaviours
in
public
places.
C.
Absence
of
