景德镇一中2020～2021学年第二学期期末考试卷
高二（1）班英语
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
does
the
man
ask
the
woman
to
give
him?
A.
A
table.
B.
Her
ID
card.
C.
A
signed
parcel.
2.
What
will
the
woman
do
for
the
man?
A.
Clean
the
mark
on
his
shirt.
B.
Give
him
a
ride
to
a
wedding.
C.
Buy
him
a
shirt
in
ten
minutes.
3.
How
does
the
woman
probably
go
to
work
at
present?
A.
By
car.
B.
By
bus.
C.
By
bike.
4.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Husband
and
wife.
B.
Neighbors.
C.
Mother
and
son.
5.
How
is
the
weather
now?
A.
Hot.
B.
Cloudy.
C.
Rainy.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.
What
will
the
man
do
in
Singapore?
A.
Learn
from
the
woman.
B.
Travel
with
the
woman.
C.
Work
with
John
Taylor.
7.
Why
does
the
man
feel
nervous
about
going
to
Singapore?
A.
He
has
to
work
as
a
new
manager.
B.
He
has
many
projects
to
finish
there.
C.
He
has
never
been
out
of
the
country.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.
On
what
does
the
man
ask
the
woman
for
advice?
A.
How
to
keep
healthy.
B.
Which
coffee
maker
to
buy.
C.
Where
to
get
a
real
bargain.
9.
Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place?
A.
At
home.
B.
In
the
gym.
C.
In
a
shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
are
the
speakers?
A.
College
students.
B.
School
teachers.
C.
School
administrators.
11.
What
is
it
in
the
middle
of
the
map?
A.
The
restaurant.
B.
The
Student
Union.
C.
The
Media
Center.
12.
What
can
students
borrow
from
the
old
library?
A.
Sports
magazines.
B.
Entertainment
magazines.
C.
Financial
books.
听第9段材料，回答13至16题。
13.
What
made
the
man
give
up
a
sailing
trip
last
weekend?
A.
The
busy
schedule.
B.
The
long
distance.
C.
The
high
cost.
14.
What
did
Jenny
do
last
weekend?
A.
She
participated
in
a
competition.
B.
She
won
a
football
prize
at
the
park.
C.
She
played
tennis
with
her
brother.
15.
Who
got
injured?
A.
Emily.
B.
Joe.
C.
Andy.
16.
What
will
the
woman
do
next
weekend?
A.
Go
to
the
beach
with
the
man.
B.
Go
swimming
and
fishing
alone.
C.
Invite
the
man
to
a
basketball
game.
听10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.
When
did
the
speaker
go
to
the
cinema
for
the
first
time?
A.
In
1932.
B.
In
1937.
C.
In
1945.
18.
What
did
the
speaker
get
from
his
mother?
A.
Sweets.
B.
Chocolate.
C.
Some
money.
19.
How
did
the
speaker
feel
in
the
cinema?
A.
Amazed.
B.
Bored.
C.
Frightened.
20.
What
does
the
speaker
say
about
the
film
in
those
days?
A.
The
sets
were
real
and
convincing.
B.
The
actors'
performances
were
great.
C.
The
special
effects
were
unbelievable.
第二部分
阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
These
animal
dads
have
some
seriously
strange
ideas
about
fatherhood.
Barbary
macaque
Unlike
human
dads
boasting
of
their
kids'
winning
contests
or
college
acceptances,
barbary
macaques,
monkeys
that
are
native
to
North
Africa,
show
off
babies
as
a
way
to
impress
each
other
and
build
social
networks.
These
monkeys
live
in
troops
of
about
30
members,
and
life
centers
around
the
babies
born
each
spring.
During
baby
season,
males
carry
the
infants,
even
picking
up
little
ones
that
aren’t
their
own
offspring
(后代).
However,
there
are
status
symbols,
used
to
build
male
social
networks
and
connections
within
the
group.
The
infants
can
serve
as
a
social
passport,
to
approach
other
males
and
hang
out
with
them.
After
all,
it’s
much
simpler
to
break
the
ice
if
you
have
a
cute
baby
in
hand.
Sand
grouse
Lots
of
dads
bring
home
the
bacon.
But
for
young
sand
grouses
living
in
Namibia’s
dry
deserts,
water
is
the
essential
resource.
Sand
grouse
fathers
are
the
frequent
flyers
that
travel
almost
125
miles
each
day
to
fill
up
for
the
family
at
a
watering
hole.
With
no
other
way
to
transport
water,
male
sand
grouses
settle
in
the
pool,
rocking
back
and
forth
to
bathe
their
belly
feathers.
Filling
up
can
take
15
minutes,
leaving
them
exposed
to
killers
like
falcons
(猎鹰).
But
it
all
pays
off.
The
dads
return
home
after
a
long
day
and
are
able
to
provide
their
babies
with
few
precious
tablespoons
of
liquid.
Pipefish
Pregnant
pipefish
males-yes,
males-give
birth
to
live
young
from
eggs
that
females
deposit
in
their
brood
pouches
(育儿袋).
This
mothering
act
has
earned
them
praise
as
devoted
animal
dads.
But
it
turns
out
that
the
pregnant
pipefish
also
has
a
wandering
eye.
If
he
sees
a
bigger
female
he
often
aborts
(流产)
existing
eggs.
If
he
stops
exporting
nutrients
to
the
developing
embryos
(胚胎)
while
reabsorbing
nutrients
from
abortions,
he
assures
enough
resources
to
invest
in
the
more
rewarding
offspring.
Blue
poison
dart
frog
Females
of
this
species
lay
only
about
half
a
dozen
precious
eggs.
That
is
maybe
why
dads
are
so
devoted
to
them.
Frog
eggs
must
stay
watery
or
moist,
and
these
devoted
dads
accomplish
that
by
regularly
urinating
on
them
over
the
course
of
10
days,
until
they
hatch
(孵化)
as
tadpoles.
1.
Barbary
macaques
carry
their
kids
around
in
order
to
_____.
A.
show
how
proud
they
are
about
being
a
father.
B.
show
their
family
strength
within
monkey
groups.
C.
center
around
their
kids
as
a
tradition.
D.
build
up
better
relations
with
other
monkeys.
2.
The
resource
of
water
or
liquid
is
precious
to
_____.
A.
barbary
macaque
and
sand
grouse.
B.
sand
grouse
and
pipefish.
C.
pipefish
and
blue
poison
dart
frog.
D.
sand
grouse
and
blue
poison
dart
frog.
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.
Sand
grouse
carries
the
water
by
drinking
it
first
and
then
spitting
it
out.
B.
Pipefish
gives
up
some
eggs
in
order
to
make
himself
stronger.
C.
Male
blue
poison
dart
frog
protects
the
eggs
by
keeping
them
wet.
D.
Sand
grouse
has
to
compete
for
water
with
the
falcon.
【答案】1.
D
2.
D
3.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些动物爸爸作为父亲所具备的一些奇怪的习性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Barbary
macaque小标题下第二段中“However,
there
are
status
symbols,
used
to
build
male
social
networks
and
connections
within
the
group.
The
infants
can
serve
as
a
social
passport,
to
approach
other
males
and
hang
out
with
them.
(然而，还有一些地位象征，用来建立雄性的社会网络和群体内的联系。宝宝可以作为社会通行证，接近其他雄性，和它们一起玩。)”可知，巴巴里猕猴带着他们的孩子到处跑是为了与其他猴子建立更好的关系。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sand
grouse小标题下第二段中“The
dads
return
home
after
a
long
day
and
are
able
to
provide
their
babies
with
few
precious
tablespoons
of
liquid.(
经过漫长的一天后，这些爸爸们回到了家，能够给它们的宝宝提供几汤匙珍贵的液体。)”以及Blue
poison
dart
frog小标题下段落中“Frog
eggs
must
stay
watery
or
moist,
and
these
devoted
dads
accomplish
that
by
regularly
urinating
on
them
over
the
course
of
10
days,
until
they
hatch
(孵化)
as
tadpoles.(蛙卵必须保持湿润或潮湿，这些忠诚的爸爸们在10天的时间里定期在它们身上小便，直到它们孵化成蝌蚪。)”可知，水或液体资源对于沙松鸡和蓝箭毒蛙是宝贵的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blue
poison
dart
frog小标题下段落中“Frog
eggs
must
stay
watery
or
moist,
and
these
devoted
dads
accomplish
that
by
regularly
urinating
on
them
over
the
course
of
10
days,
until
they
hatch
(孵化)
as
tadpoles.(蛙卵必须保持湿润或潮湿，这些忠诚爸爸们在10天的时间里定期在它们身上小便，直到它们孵化成蝌蚪。)”可知，雄性蓝色箭毒蛙通过保持蛙卵湿润来保护它们。故选C项。
B
When
Chef
Enrique
Olvera
opened
his
restaurant,
Pujol,
13
years
ago,
his
only
goal
was
to
have
the
best
restaurant
in
the
neighborhood.
Olvera's
budget
was
so
small
that
he
had
to
do
all
the
things
himself.
But
Pujol
is
now
widely
thought
of
as
Mexico's
finest
restaurant
and
the
36th
best
in
the
world.
He
reached
his
position
by
making
his
cuisine
'fancier
and
fancier,
and
more
complex'
over
time.
Pujol
now
serves
a
tasting
menu
of
sophisticated
food
that
wouldn't
look
out
of
place
even
at
New
York's
Momofuku
Ko.
To
decode
his
rocket
soar
in
world
cuisine
circus,
Olvera
insists
on
mixing
elaborate,
cutting-edge
techniques
with
a
strong
emphasis
on
local
ingredients
to
create
a
cosmopolitan
cuisine
that's
at
once
international
yet
unmistakably
Mexican,
matching
the
direction
of
Mexico
City
itself.
A
visit
to
the
48-seat
Pujol
reveals
a
space-age
kitchen
containing
27
cooks,
with
one
making
his
fifth
attempt
to
reshape
the
egg
liquid
and
another
coloring
potatoes.
Pujol
tolerates
any
grotesque
attempt
a
chef
could
imagine
and
the
restaurant
is
the
trial
site
for
its
staff.
That
makes
Pujol
a
hot
place
to
attract
free
labor.
The
chef
has
also
thought
more
about
bringing
Mexican
cooks
home
from
the
U.S.
Many
are
returning
to
move
past
the
glass
ceiling
that
exists
in
America.
“Despite
the
number
of
Mexicans
working
in
U.S.
restaurants,
you
rarely
see
a
Mexican
head
chef
in
a
New
York
kitchen,”
said
Olvera.
“Then
why
not
come
back
here
to
attract
diners
here
for
the
most
local
but
also
novel
dishes?”
And
for
foreign
diners,
Mexican
restaurants
have
another
wonder
to
offer.
Just
think
that
merely
30
dollars
can
sustain
you
for
a
4-course
feast
in
an
ordinary
Mexican
restaurant
and
no
one
could
resist
the
temptation.
To
achieve
such
high
cost
performance,
Olvera
states
that
you
have
to
keep
looking
for
and
exploring
with
the
simple
ingredients
from
which
to
accomplish
amazing
dishes.
“You
always
cherish
where
you
come
from,
but
there’s
also
the
need
for
new
sensations.
Keep
exploring
with
new
ideas
until
you
get
a
better
dish.”
After
all,
it’s
the
soul
of
modem
cuisine.
4.
Why
has
Pujol
become
so
successful?
A
Because
Olvera
aimed
low
in
the
first
place.
B.
Because
Olvera
forms
the
habit
of
doing
things
by
himself.
C.
Because
Olvera
attracts
excellent
cooks
from
the
U.S.
D.
Because
Olvera
combines
cooking
skills
with
local
characteristics.
5.
The
underlined
word
grotesque
is
closest
in
meaning
to
_____.
A.
forceful.
B.
weird.
C.
abstract.
D.
painful.
6.
Why
would
many
Mexican
chefs
come
back
to
the
country?
A.
Because
Pujol
provides
them
with
high
titles
and
salaries.
B.
Because
they
find
it
hard
to
rise
to
senior
positions
in
U.S.
restaurants.
C.
Because
they
cook
Mexican
food
better
than
American
food.
D.
Because
they
refer
to
the
high
cost
performance
of
the
restaurants.
7.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Momofuku
Ko
is
a
famous
food
critic.
B.
Olvera
relies
totally
on
foreign
cutting-edge
cooking
techniques.
C.
Eating
in
ordinary
Mexican
restaurants
is
expensive.
D.
One
key
to
success
in
today’s
restaurant
business
is
continuous
innovation.
【答案】4.
D
5.
B
6.
B
7.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家被广泛认为是墨西哥最好的餐厅，也是世界第36好的墨西哥餐馆Pujol成功的原因：现代烹饪的灵魂在于创新。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Pujol
now
serves
a
tasting
menu
of
sophisticated
food
that
wouldn't
look
out
of
place
even
at
New
York's
Momofuku
Ko.(Pujol
现在提供精致的菜单，即使在纽约Momofuku
Ko
也不会显得格格不入)”及“Olvera
insists
on
mixing
elaborate,
cutting-edge
techniques
with
a
strong
emphasis
on
local
ingredients
to
create
a
cosmopolitan
cuisine
that's
at
once
international
yet
unmistakably
Mexican,
matching
the
direction
of
Mexico
City
itself.”(
Olvera
坚持将精心制作的，尖端技术与当地食材结合起来，创造出一种世界性的美食，既国际化但是又带有墨西哥的特点，这点和墨西哥城的烹饪是一致的)可知，Pujol的成功在于将自身的烹饪特点和当地的食材结合了起来，使其既具有国际特点又带有地方特色。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“A
visit
to
the
48-seat
Pujol
reveals
a
space-age
kitchen
containing
27
cooks,
with
one
making
his
fifth
attempt
to
reshape
the
egg
liquid
and
another
coloring
potatoes.
(参观一个有着48个座位的Pujol，
那儿展示了一个太空时代的厨房，里面有27个厨师，其中一个厨师在第五次尝试重塑蛋液，另一个厨师尝试给土豆着色)”及“the
restaurant
is
the
trial
site
for
its
staff.(餐厅是员工的试用场所)”可推知，厨师们在Pujol可以尝试他们的奇异的想法。由此可知，划线词的含义为“奇怪的”。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Despite
the
number
of
Mexicans
working
in
U.S.
restaurants,
you
rarely
see
a
Mexican
head
chef
in
a
New
York
kitchen,”
said
Olvera.”(“尽管有很多墨西哥人在美国餐馆工作，但你很少能在纽约的厨房看到墨西哥厨师长，”Olvera说)”可推知，在美国，墨西哥的厨师很难升到高级职位。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““You
always
cherish
where
you
come
from,
but
there’s
also
the
need
for
new
sensations.
Keep
exploring
with
new
ideas
until
you
get
a
better
dish.”
After
all,
it’s
the
soul
of
modem
cuisine.
(“你总是珍惜你的家乡，但也需要新的感觉。不断探索新的想法，直到你得到更好的菜。”毕竟，它是现代烹饪的灵魂)”可知，现代烹饪的成功之处在于要不断探索，持续创新。故选D。
C
People
around
the
world
participate
in
various
ritualized
celebrations.
New
Year
activities
included
fireworks,
and
resolutions-as
well
as
some
practices
unique
to
specific
cultures,
such
as
cooking
black-eyed
peas
and
greens
in
the
southeastern
United
States.
All
human
cultures
have
their
rituals-typically
repetitive,
symbolic
behaviors
that
a
group
of
people
experience
as
purposeful;
though
people
generally
can’t
explain
how
they
are
supposed
to
work.
And
their
diversity
can
also
cause
clashes
between
peoples,
particularly
when
the
valued
rituals
of
one
culture
strike
another
as
strange.
Most
scientists
who
study
rituals
consider
their
mysterious
origins
to
be
one
of
their
defining
characteristics.
But
recently,
researchers
have
come
to
realize
that
before
rituals
become
purely
social
and
highly
peculiar,
many
have
started
out
as
attempts
to
avoid
disasters.
Ritualized
ways
of
preparing
food
or
cleaning
the
body,
for
example,
have
emerged
as
ways
to
prevent
disease.
Many
rituals
also
provide
psychological
comfort
during
times
of
hardship.
Today,
humans
are
adopting
new
behaviors
although
it’s
too
early
to
tell
whether
any
of
these
behaviors
will
become
truly
ritualized.
It
will
only
be
the
case
when
the
social
significance
of
the
behavior
takes
precedence
over
its
practical
use.
This
is
what
sets
rituals
apart
from
other
cultural
practices,
such
as
cooking.
Not
all
rituals
are
effective
because
we
don’t
always
understand
what
is
producing
the
risk
we
are
trying
to
control.
But
some
do
work.
In
the
Indian
state
of
Bihar,
where
maternal
and
infant
death
rate
at
birth
remains
high,
269
rituals
are
associated
with
pregnancy
and
birth.
A
significant
proportion
of
these
rituals,
such
as
preparing
the
nutritious
food,
are
perfectly
in
accord
with
modem
medical
advice.
Many
others
are
likely
neutral
while
the
ones,
such
as
bathing
the
infant
immediately
after
birth,
are
viewed
as
risky
just
because
of
practical
limitations
such
as
a
lack
of
clean
water.
The
relationship
between
medicine
and
rituals
is
also
interesting.
“It
is
important
to
keep
in
mind
that
to
most
people,
the
mechanisms
of
modem
medicine
are
just
as
opaque
as
rituals
are,”
says
Legare,
an
expert.
The
practices
of
modem
medicine
are
relatively
new.
“When
a
doctor
tells
you,
I’m
sorry,
but
there’s
nothing
we
can
do
for
you,
that
may
be
true,
but
it
is
very
discouraging
as
well,”
Legare
says.
“Therefore
relevant
rituals
are
firmly
valued
seemingly
out
of
no
reasons.”
8.
According
to
the
passage,
what
behavior
can
be
regarded
as
a
cultural
ritual?
A.
A
student
habitually
conducts
reading
before
sleep
every
day.
B.
A
family
eat
dinner
at
the
same
restaurant
every
weekend.
C.
People
eat
green
dumplings
during
the
Festival
of
Qingming.
D.
Many
Chinese
people
used
to
ride
bicycles
to
work.
9.
Originally,
many
rituals
arose
in
an
attempt
to
_____.
A.
make
people
get
along
with
people
from
the
same
cultural
group.
B.
protect
people
from
potential
life
threats
C.
get
people
to
identify
with
their
own
culture.
D.
provide
people
with
values
when
clashing
with
people
from
other
cultures.
10.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.
Groups
with
different
rituals
can
basically
live
together
in
peace.
B.
The
practical
use
of
a
behavior
takes
priority
when
it’s
to
be
judged
as
a
ritual.
C.
Appropriateness
of
some
rituals
depends
on
local
conditions.
D.
When
ill,
people
turn
to
rituals
because
they
work
better
than
medicine.
11.
The
best
title
for
the
passage
might
be
_____.
A.
Be
cautious
of
the
weird
rituals
B.
Long
gone
are
decayed
rituals
C.
Ritual,
the
mysterious
reflection
of
human
innocence.
D.
Ritual,there’s
a
reason
for
itsexistence.
【答案】8.
C
9.
B
10.
C
11.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的人们都会参加各种仪式化的庆祝活动。大多数研究仪式的科学家认为，仪式的神秘起源是其决定性特征之一。研究人员发现，在仪式变成纯粹的社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后二句“New
Year
activities
included
fireworks,
and
resolutions-as
well
as
some
practices
unique
to
specific
cultures,
such
as
cooking
black-eyed
peas
and
greens
in
the
southeastern
United
States.”（新年的活动包括烟花、新年愿望，以及一些特定文化的独特做法，如在美国东南部烹饪黑眼豌豆和绿色蔬菜。）可知，一些特定文化的独特的做法就被视作文化仪式，再结合C项的意思人们在清明节期间吃绿色的饺子，由此可以看出C项符合题意。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But
recently,
researchers
have
come
to
realize
that
before
rituals
become
purely
social
and
highly
peculiar,
many
have
started
out
as
attempts
to
avoid
disasters.”（但最近，研究人员开始意识到，在仪式变成纯粹社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。）可知，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难，使人们的生命免受威胁。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Not
all
rituals
are
effective
because
we
don’t
always
understand
what
is
producing
the
risk
we
are
trying
to
control.”（并不是所有的仪式都有效，因为我们并不总是明白是什么在产生我们试图控制的风险。）可知，某些仪式是否适当要视当地情况而定。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Most
scientists
who
study
rituals
consider
their
mysterious
origins
to
be
one
of
their
defining
characteristics.
But
recently,
researchers
have
come
to
realize
that
before
rituals
become
purely
social
and
highly
peculiar,
many
have
started
out
as
attempts
to
avoid
disasters.”（大多数研究仪式的科学家认为，仪式的神秘起源是其决定性特征之一。但最近，研究人员开始意识到，在仪式变成纯粹的社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。）可知，本文主要讲述了仪式的存在虽然神秘，但是是有一定原因的。“仪式的存在是有原因的”最适合作文章标题。故选D项。
D
Types
of
Social
Groups
Life
places
us
in
a
complex
web
of
relationships
with
other
people.
Our
humanness
arises
out
of
these
relationships
in
the
course
of
social
interaction.
Moreover,
our
humanness
must
be
sustained
through
social
interaction
--
and
fairly
constantly
so.
When
an
association
continues
long
enough
for
two
people
to
become
linked
together
by
a
relatively
stable
set
of
expectations,
it
is
called
a
relationship.
People
are
bound
within
relationships
by
two
types
of
bonds:
expressive
ties
and
instrumental
ties.
Expressive
ties
are
social
links
formed
when
we
emotionally
invest
ourselves
in
and
commit
ourselves
to
other
people.
Through
association
with
people
who
are
meaningful
to
us,
we
achieve
a
sense
of
security,
love,
acceptance,
companionship,
and
personal
worth.
Instrumental
ties
are
social
links
focused
when
we
cooperate
with
other
people
to
achieve
some
goal.
Occasionally,
this
may
mean
working
with,
instead
of
against,
competitors.
More
often,
we
simply
cooperate
with
others
to
reach
some
end
without
endowing
the
relationship
with
any
larger
significance.
Sociologists
have
built
on
the
distinction
between
expressive
and
instrumental
ties
to
distinguish
between
two
types
of
groups:
primary
and
secondary.
A
primary
group
involves
two
or
more
people
who
enjoy
a
direct,
intimate,
cohesive
relationship
with
one
another.
Expressive
ties
predominate
in
primary
groups:
we
view
the
people
as
ends
in
themselves
and
valuable
in
their
own
right.
A
secondary
group
entails
two
or
more
people
who
are
involved
in
an
impersonal
relationship
and
have
come
together
for
a
specific,
practical
purpose.
Instrumental
ties
predominate
in
secondary
groups
;
we
perceive
people
as
means
to
ends
rather
than
as
ends
in
their
own
right.
sometimes
primary
group
relationships
evolve
out
of
secondary
group
relationships.
This
happens
in
many
work
settings.
People
on
the
job
often
develop
close
relationships
with
coworkers
as
they
come
to
share
gripes,
jokes,
gossip,
and
satisfactions.
A
number
of
conditions
enhance
the
likelihood
that
primary
groups
will
arise.
First,
group
size
is
important.
We
find
it
difficult
to
get
to
know
people
personally
when
they
are
milling
about
and
dispersed
in
large
groups.
In
small
groups
we
have
a
better
chance
to
initiate
contact
and
establish
rapport
with
them.
Second,
face
-
to
-
face
contact
allows
us
to
size
up
others.
Seeing
and
talking
with
one
another
in
close
physical
proximity
makes
possible
a
subtle
exchange
of
ideas
and
feelings.
And
third,
the
probability
that
we
will
develop
primary
group
bonds
increases
as
we
have
frequent
and
continuous
contact.
Our
ties
with
people
often
deepen
as
we
interact
with
them
across
time
and
gradually
evolve
interlocking
habits
and
interests.
Primary
groups
are
fundamental
to
us
and
to
society.
Sociologists
view
primary
groups
as
bridges
between
individuals
and
the
larger
society
because
they
transmit,
mediate,
and
interpret
a
society’s
cultural
patterns
and
provide
the
sense
of
oneness
so
critical
for
social
solidarity.
Primary
groups,
then
serve
both
as
carriers
of
social
norms
and
as
enforcers
of
them.
12.
According
to
Paragraph
1,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
of
a
relationship?
A.
It
is
a
structure
of
associations
with
many
people.
B.
It
should
be
studied
in
the
course
of
social
interaction.
C.
It
places
great
demands
on
people.
D.
It
develops
gradually
over
time.
13.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
author’s
claim
in
paragraph
4
that
primary
group
relationships
sometimes
evolve
out
of
secondary
group
relationships?
A.
Secondary
group
relationships
begin
by
being
primary
group
relationships.
B.
A
secondary
group
relationship
that
is
highly
visible
quickly
becomes
a
primary
group
relationship.
C.
Sociologists
believe
that
only
primary
group
relationships
are
important
to
society.
D.
Even
in
secondary
groups,
frequent
communication
serves
to
bring
people
into
close
relationships.
14
The
phrase
“size
up”
in
paragraph
5
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”.
A.
enlarge
B.
evaluate
C.
impress
D.
accept
15.
This
passage
is
developed
primarily
by
________.
A.
drawing
comparisons
between
theory
and
practice
B.
presenting
two
opposing
theories
C.
defining
important
concepts
D.
discussing
causes
and
their
effects
【答案】12.
D
13.
D
14.
B
15.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们在关系中被两种纽带所束缚:表达性联系和工具性联系，分别说明了这两种联系的含义，以及在此基础上的两种群体类型:主要群体和次要群体，以及这两种群体的含义和区别。以及提高初级群体出现可能性的三个条件。最后表达初级群体的意义：它是我们和社会的基础，它既是社会规范的载体，又是社会规范的执行者。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中When
an
association
continues
long
enough
for
two
people
to
become
linked
together
by
a
relatively
stable
set
of
expectations,
it
is
called
a
relationship.（当一段关系持续足够长的时间，使两个人通过一组相对稳定的期望联系在一起时，这就叫做关系。）可知一段关系随着时间的推移而逐渐发展。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中This
happens
in
many
work
settings.
People
on
the
job
often
develop
close
relationships
with
coworkers
as
they
come
to
share
gripes,
jokes,
gossip,
and
satisfactions.（这在很多工作环境中都会发生。在工作中，当人们分享抱怨、笑话、八卦和乐事时，他们经常会与同事建立亲密的关系。）可知从作者在第4段中提出的主要群体关系有时由次要群体关系演变而来的观点中，我们可以推断出即使在第二群体中，频繁的交流也有助于人们建立亲密的关系。故选D。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Seeing
and
talking
with
one
another
in
close
physical
proximity
makes
possible
a
subtle
exchange
of
ideas
and
feelings.可知近距离的观察和交谈使思想和感情的微妙交流成为可能。即面对面的接触让我们能够评估他人。故短语意思为“评估”，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要内容，尤其是第二段主要说明了人们关系中的两种纽带关系的含义，以及第四段说明了由这两种关系而发展而来的两个群体的含义和区别。可推知这篇文章主要是通过定义重要的概念来展开的。故选C。
第二节(共5
小题;每小题2分.满分10分)
根据短义内容.从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting
your
kid
to
bed
at
night
is
seriously
one
of
the
most
challenging
things
you’ll
ever
have
to
do.
Most
kids
are
just
so
full
of
energy
that
they'll
tire
you
out
before
they're
halfway
through
their
store
of
energy.___16___However,
it's
really
not
a
great
idea.
___17___The
kids'
parents
were
asked
to
track
how
much
screen
time
the
kids
were
allowed
along
with
their
sleep
patterns.
They
also
had
the
kids
wear
wristwatches
that
track
kids'
movement
and
surrounding
light.
This
helped
researchers
keep
track
of
how
long
kids
were
sleeping.
The
study
found
that
kids
who
didn't
spend
time
in
front
of
screen
before
bed
slept
for
23
more
minutes
every
week.
And
they
also
went
to
sleep
about
34
minutes
earlier
than
the
kids
playing
iPads._____18_____quality
of
sleep
is
vastly
important
for
children.
Former
studies
have
found
good
quality
sleep
can
influence
a
child’s
life
in
many
ways,
including
affecting
grades
and
also
weight
gain.
Students
with
an
“A”average
slept
for
30
or
more
minutes
per
night
than
those
with
a
“D”or
“F”average.____19____Those
with
consistent
and
age-appropriate
bedtime
had
a
healthier
BMI(体重指数)than
those
without
a
consistent
bedtime.
___20___Just
like
it’s
important
for
adults
to
go
to
sleep
without
any
distractions(使人分心的事),
it’s
even
more
important
for
kids.
A.
When
you’ll
have
to
worry
about
waking
them
up.
B.
Though
that
might
not
seem
like
so
much
more
time
C.
Hard
as
it
is,
it’s
really
important
not
to
hand
over
an
iPad
to
a
child
before
bed.
D.
Researchers
at
the
Arizona
State
University
conducted
a
study
with
547
kids
aged
7
to
9.
E.
And
children
with
irregular
bedtime
had
a
higher
risk
of
having
increased
body
weight.
F.
An
easy
thing
to
do
to
get
your
child
into
bed
is
giving
in
and
allowing
some
iPad
screen
time.
G.
Getting
to
sleep
on
time
and
sleeping
enough
help
contribute
to
improved
performance
in
school.
【答案】16.
F
17.
D
18.
B
19.
E
20.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了睡前玩电子产品对孩子的危害。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Most
kids
are
just
so
full
of
energy
that
they'll
tire
you
out
before
they're
halfway
through
their
store
of
energy”可知，让孩子睡觉是件很费力的事，于是很多父母就会让孩子玩iPad，选项
F.
An
easy
thing
to
do
to
get
your
child
into
bed
is
giving
in
and
allowing
some
iPad
screen
time.(哄孩子上床最简单的方法就是给孩子一些看iPad的时间。)符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据下文“The
kids'
parents
were
asked
to
track…”和“The
study
found
that…”可知，本段讲述的是一项研究，选项D.
Researchers
at
the
Arizona
State
University
conducted
a
study
with
547
kids
aged
7
to
9.(
亚利桑那州立大学的研究人员对547名7到9岁的孩子进行了一项研究。)
符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And
they
also
went
to
sleep
about
34
minutes
earlier
than
the
kids
playing
iPads.(
他们也比玩ipad的孩子早34分钟入睡。)”可知，睡前不玩iPads的孩子上床睡觉的时间要早34分钟，B选项中的that指代这个时间，选项B.
Though
that
might
not
seem
like
so
much
more
time
(虽然那看起来好像没有那么多的时间)为让步状语从句，与下文“quality
of
sleep
is
vastly
important
for
children(睡眠质量对儿童非常重要)”构成完整语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
分析本段结构，第二句“Students
with
an
“A”average
slept
for
30
or
more
minutes
per
night
than
those
with
a
“D”or
“F”average.(
平均成绩为A的学生比平均成绩为D或F的学生每晚睡眠时间超过30分钟。)”是为了证明第一句“Former
studies
have
found
good
quality
sleep
can
influence
a
child’s
life
in
many
ways,
including
affecting
grades
and
also
weight
gain.(此前的研究发现，良好的睡眠会在很多方面影响孩子的生活，包括影响成绩和体重增加。)”中睡眠对成绩的影响，下面应该说明睡眠对体重的影响，选项E.
And
children
with
irregular
bedtime
had
a
higher
risk
of
having
increased
body
weight.
(而且，睡眠时间不规律的儿童体重增加的风险更高。)正是说明了不规律睡眠对孩子体重方面的危害，故选E。
【20题详解】
该段为最后一段，是对前文的总结。根据下一句“Just
like
it’s
important
for
adults
to
go
to
sleep
without
any
distractions(使人分心的事),
it’s
even
more
important
for
kids.
(就像成年人睡觉时不受干扰一样重要，这对孩子来说更重要。)”可知，不要将Ipad交给孩子，选项C.
Hard
as
it
is,
it’s
really
important
not
to
hand
over
an
iPad
to
a
child
before
bed.(
尽管很难，但睡前不要把iPad交给孩子，这一点非常重要。)
符合语境，故选C。
第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节；满分45分）
第一节
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入下列空白处的最佳选项。
Some
of
us
may
have
a
teacher
that
impacts
us
forever.
Those
teachers
___21___
us
to
study
hard
and
help
us
so
much.
Teachers,
who
we
will
always
remember,
deserve
___22___.
I
believe
Mrs.
Sheronn
from
Odyssey
Charter
School
should
___23___
to
that
sort.
She
has
instructed
me
more
than
any
other
teacher,
and
she
has
___24___
me
so
much.
Mrs.
Sheronn
was
always
___25___
.
She
always
got
up
early
and
___26___
herself
with
housework.
If
she
wasn’t
on
time,
there
was
usually
a
funny
story
about
her
morning.
She
smiled
constantly
and
had
a
fun
___27___
in
class,
making
us
all
laugh
and
enjoy
school.
Her
smile,
which
set
her
___28___
,
became
something
that
my
classmates
and
I
could
___29___
her
by.
Mrs.
Sheronn
would
always
cheer
her
___30___
up
with
anything
from
funny
group
discussions
to
our
weekly
game
of
Sparkle.
She
would
involve
us
in
lively
and
exciting
activities,
through
which
excellent
writing
skills
were
___31___
.
Those
deep
discussions
helped
us
___32___
as
a
family
and
made
me
remember
her
as
the
most
___33___
teacher
I
have
ever
had.
She
was
our
go-to
teacher
to
talk
to
about
our
daily
cares
and
___34___
in
our
little
world.
Mrs.
Sheronn
___35___
with
me
a
lot.
She
would
help
me
with
my
English
skills,
even
when
I
was
really
far
behind
or
just
had
a
horrible
___36___
.
She
also
told
me
that
school
didn’t
have
to
be
___37___
,
but
rather
how
we
wanted
it
to
be;
it
was
all
___38___
on
how
we
wanted
to
start
the
year
and
how
we
wanted
to
end
it.
Surely,
we
may
have
other
amazing
teachers
who
impressed
us,
___39___
Mrs.
Sheronn
did
so
much
more.
She
was
a
teacher
that
positively
___40___
students’
lives,
so
she
was
my
nomination
for
the
“Educator
of
the
Year”.
21.
A.
allow
B.
prefer
C.
motivate
D.
force
22.
A.
recognition
B.
fortune
C.
equality
D.
reputation
23.
A.
devote
B.
belong
C.
refer
D.
turn
24.
A.
criticized
B.
discovered
C.
convinced
D.
inspired
25.
A.
honest
B.
curious
C.
cheerful
D.
careless
26.
A.
busied
B.
applied
C.
spread
D.
engaged
27.
A.
expression
B.
style
C.
time
D.
job
28.
A.
aside
B.
off
C.
out
D.
apart
29.
A.
identify
B.
support
C.
appreciate
D.
protect
30.
A.
acquaintances
B.
customers
C.
pupils
D.
colleagues
31.
A.
brought
B.
thought
C.
lent
D.
taught
32.
A.
fight
B.
bond
C.
march
D.
resist
33.
A.
considerate
B.
diligent
C.
sympathetic
D.
excited
34.
A.
stories
B.
worries
C.
exams
D.
projects
35.
A.
accompanied
B.
worked
C.
played
D.
agreed
36.
A.
feeling
B.
nightmare
C.
paper
D.
incident
37.
A.
boring
B.
happy
C.
interesting
D.
attractive
38.
A.
determined
B.
independent
C.
reliable
D.
dependent
39.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
though
40.
A.
assessed
B.
consulted
C.
remembered
D.
influenced
【答案】21.
C
22.
A
23.
B
24.
D
25.
C
26.
A
27.
B
28.
D
29.
A
30.
C
31.
D
32.
B
33.
A
34.
B
35.
B
36.
C
37.
A
38.
D
39.
C
40.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Mrs.
Sheehan热爱学生，不断鼓励学生学习，作者认为她是一位值得获得“年度老师”称号的老师。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些老师激励我们努力学习，给了我们很多帮助。A.
allow允许；B.
prefer偏爱；C.
motivate促动，激发；D.
force强迫。根据前一句“Some
of
us
may
have
a
teacher
that
impacts
us
forever.
”和空后“help
us
so
much”可知，那些老师激励我们努力学习，给了我们帮助。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记的老师，他们值得我们的认可。A.
recognition认可；B.
fortune幸运；C.
equality平等；D.
reputation声誉。根据空前“who
we
will
always
remember,”可知，这些我们不会忘记的老师值得我们的认可。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我相信Odyssey
Charter
School的Sheehan老师应该属于那种。这四个选项和空后介词to可以构成固定短语。A.
devote
to投身于；B.
belong
to属于；C.
refer
to提到；
D.
turn
to求助于。作者认为来自Odyssey
Charter
School的Mrs.
Sheehan就属于（belong
to）值得大家认可的那类老师。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她教我的比其他任何老师都多，她给了我很多启发。A.
criticized批评；B.
discovered发现；C.
convinced说服；D.
inspired启发，鼓舞。根据倒数第二段可知，Mrs.
Sheehan鼓励（inspired）和帮助了作者。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mrs.
Sheehan总是很高兴。A.
honest诚实的；
B.
curious好奇的；C.
cheerful快乐的；D.
careless粗心的。根据下文的“
had
a
fun
…
in
class,
making
us
all
laugh
and
enjoy
school.
”可知，她是快乐的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她总是起得很早，忙着做家务。
A.
busied忙着做某事；B.
applied申请，运用；C.
spread传播；D.
engaged参与，从事。根据空前“She
always
got
up
early”可知，此处指早起忙着做家务。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她经常微笑，在课堂上有一个有趣的风格，让我们所有人笑，喜欢学校。A.
expression表情；B.
style风格；C.
time时间；D.
job工作。根据后文”
making
us
all
laugh
and
enjoy
school.”可知，Mrs.
Sheronn的课堂风格很有趣。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的微笑使她与众不同，我和我的同学都能通过她的微笑认出她。A.
aside在旁边；B.
off离开；C.
out外出；D.
apart分开。根据后文“became
something
that
my
classmates
and
I
could
9
her
by.”可知，Mrs.
Sheronn的微笑能让她与别人不同，这样作者和同学能通过她的微笑认出她。set
sb.
apart为固定短语，意为“使某人与众不同”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
identify辨认；B.
support
支持；C.
appreciate感激；D.
protect保护。根据前文“Her
smile,
which
set
her
8
,
”可知，因为Mrs.
Sheronn的微笑让她与众不同，所以作者和同学们能通过她的微笑认出她。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mrs.
Sheronn总是用各种各样的东西来鼓励她的学生，从有趣的小组讨论到我们每周的Sparkle游戏。A.
acquaintances熟人，相识；B.
customers顾客
；C.
pupils学生；D.
colleagues同事。根据文章最后一句“She
was
a
teacher
that
positively
20
students’
lives,
so
she
was
my
nomination
for
the
“Educator
of
the
Year”.”可知，此处指用各种各样的东西鼓励学生。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会让我们参与到活泼有趣的活动中，通过这些活动，我们学会了优秀的写作技巧。A.
brought带来；B.
thought思考；C.
lent借出；D.
taught教授。根据前文“She
would
involve
us
in
lively
and
exciting
activities,”可知，Mrs.
Sheronn通过这些活动教授学生优秀的写作技巧。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些深入的讨论让我们像一家人一样团结在一起，也让我记得她是我遇到过的最体贴的老师。A.
fight打架；B.
bond结合；C.
march使前进；D.
resist抵抗。根据第12空后的as
a
family
and
helped
me
remember
her可知，这些讨论让我们像一个家庭一样团结（bond）在一起。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
considerate体贴的；B.
diligent勤奋的；C.
sympathetic同情的；D.
excited激动的。根据后文“
She
was
our
go-to
teacher
to
talk
to
about
our
daily
cares”可知，
Mrs.
Sheehan是一位体贴的（considerate）老师。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我们的启蒙老师，和她谈论我们在这个小世界里每天的关心的事和忧虑。A.
stories故事；B.
worries担忧；C.
exams考试；D.
projects项目。根据空前“our
daily
cares”可知，空处需用名词worries与cares对应。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrs.
Sheehan给我做了很多工作。A.
accompanied陪伴；B.
worked工作；C.
played玩耍；D.
agreed同意。根据后文描述“She
would
help
me
with
my
English
skills…”可知，Mrs.
Sheehan在作者的学习上做了很多工作。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会帮助我提高英语水平，即使我落后很多，或者我的测试很糟糕。A.
feeling感觉；B.
nightmare噩梦；C.
paper试卷；D.
incident事故。根据前文“She
would
help
me
with
my
English
skills”可知，Mrs.
Sheehan帮助作者提高英语水平，即使在作者考试很糟糕的情况下。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还告诉我，学校不必枯燥乏味，而是我们希望它怎样;这完全取决于我们想如何开始和结束这一年。A.
boring无聊的；B.
happy开心的；C.
interesting有趣的；D.
attractive吸引人的。根据后文描述“but
rather
how
we
wanted
it
to
be…”可知，此处指学校的学习不一定无聊乏味。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.
determined有决心的；B.
independent独立的；C.
reliable可靠的；D.
dependent依赖的。根据后文“on
how
we
wanted
to
start
the
year
and
how
we
wanted
to
end
it.”可知，此处指如果度过学习生活，这完全取决于我们想如何开始和结束这一年。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们可能有其他给我们留下深刻印象的优秀老师，但
Mrs.
Sheronn做得更多。A.
so因此；B.
and和；C.
but但是；D.
though尽管。根据前后句意可知，此处表示转折关系，需用连词but。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一名积极影响学生生活的教师，所以她是我提名的“年度教育家”。A.
assessed评定，评估；B.
consulted咨询；C.
remembered记得；D.
influenced影响。根据文章第一句“Some
of
us
may
have
a
teacher
that
impacts
us
forever.”和最后一句“
so
she
was
my
nomination
for
the
“Educator
of
the
Year”.”可知，因为对学生生活带来了积极影响，所以作者提名Mrs.
Sheehan是“年度教育家”。故选D。
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This
happened
when
I
was
ten.
On
a
normal
Sunday,
I
went
to
___41___
barber
shop
where
I
always
went.
That
day,
along
with
the
barber
there
was
an
assistant,
who
___42___
(join)
the
shop
recently.
So
I
sat
___43___
the
haircut.
The
uncle
asked
me
how
long
I
wanted
it.
I
answered,
“Just
do
as
my
dad
had
instructed
you
the
last
time.”
He
smiled.
Before
starting
the
haircut,
he
added,
“___44___
if
I
keep
it
long?”
I
knew
he
was
joking.
___45___
I
joked
too.
I
said,
“I
can’t
guarantee
what
would
happen
to
your
shop
then!”
The
moment
I
said
it,
the
assistant
shouted
from
behind.
“How
dare
do
you
say
that!
Who
are
you
___46___
(take)
us
down,
eh?”
I
admit
I
was
too
scared
at
that
moment
and
the
uncle
___47___
(stand)
beside
me
was
giving
me
an
awkward
look.
From
that
day
on,
I
completely
stopped
joking
about
anyone’s
profession
and
works.
It
is
one
of
the
most
important
___48___
(incident)
in
my
life,
___49___
taught
me
to
respect
the
profession
and
works
of
a
person,
no
matter
how
small
they
are.
I’m
____50____
(gratitude)
that
the
assistant
responded
in
a
way
that
made
me
rethink
the
power
of
my
words.
Words
do
make
a
difference.
【答案】41.
the
42.
had
joined
43.
for
44.
What
45.
So
46.
to
take
47.
standing
48.
incidents
49.
which
50.
grateful
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历，作者从中认识到了言语的力量。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一个平常的星期天，我去了我常去的那家理发店。此处特指常去的理发店，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：那天，和理发师一起来的还有一个刚到店里来的店员。非限制性定语从句中表示动作发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had
joined。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：所以我坐下来理发。结合句意表示“坐着”短语为sit
for。故填for。
【44题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：在开始理发之前，他补充说，“如果我留长一点怎么样呢？”结合句意表示“如果……将会怎么样？”可知句型为what
if…，句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：所以我也开玩笑说。上文提到作者知道对方在开玩笑，后文说自己也开玩笑，结合前后文可知为因果关系，应用连词so，句首单词首字母要大写。故填So。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你以为你是谁，能把我们打倒？此处为短语be
to
do
sth.表示将要做某事。故填to
take。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我承认那一刻我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的眼神。分析句子结构可知stand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语uncle构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填standing。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。incident为可数名词，此处为“one
of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”。故填incidents。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词one，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我很感激那个助手的回应，让我重新思考了自己话语的力量。空处作表语，表示“感激”应用形容词grateful。故填grateful。
第四部分
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
With
a
helmet,
a
small
camera
and
a
climbing
stick,
Cheng
Yongmao,
his
work
is
repairing
the
Great
Wall,
is
headed
for
the
Jiankou
section
of
the
Great
Wall
early
in
the
morning.
It
is
one
of
the
most
dangerous
parts
of
the
Great
Wall.
To
less
the
transportation
burden,
animals
are
used
to
carry
bricks
all
the
way
to
the
foot
of
the
mountain,
and
manual
workers
then
shoulder
bricks
to
the
repair
sites.
Before
arriving
at
the
repair
sites,
they
are
often
worn
out.
The
size
of
the
Great
Wall
bricks
is
different
from
those
of
ordinary
bricks.
Cheng
firmly
disagrees
with
the
idea
to
replace
the
ancient
bricks
with
similar
ones
to
cut
cost.
For
Cheng,
even
after
hundreds
of
years,
the
materials,
crafts
or
practices
are
used
in
ancient
buildings
still
need
to
be
followed.
Cheng
still
insists
climbing
the
Great
Wall
at
most
once
a
week
to
provide
technical
guidance
for
repair
workers.
He
hopes
he
can
contribute
more
to
cultural
relics
protection.
【答案】1.
his→whose
2.
headed→heading
3.
less→lessen
4.
Before→After
5.
those→that
6.
cost→costs
7.
or→and
8.去掉are
9.在insist后加on
10.
most→least
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了程永茂作为长城的修理工，认真工作的事情。
【详解】1.
考查定语从句关系词。句意：一大早，正在修缮长城的程永茂带着头盔、小相机和登山杖，正朝着长城尖口段行进。分析可知，后面是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Cheng
Yongmao，指人，与从句主语work是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作定语修饰名词work。故将his改为whose。
2.
考查现在分词。句意：一大早，正在修缮长城的程永茂带着头盔、小相机和登山杖，正朝着长城尖口段行进。该句主语Cheng
Yongmao，谓语动词是head
for的某种形式，但主谓是主动关系，所以要用现在进行时“is/are
+现在分词”结构来表达即将发生的事情。故将headed改为heading。
3.
考查动词。句意：为了减轻运输负担，人们用动物把砖头一路运到山脚下，然后由体力劳动者扛着砖头到维修点。根据句意可知，“To
less
the
transportation
burden”在句中应是动词不定式作目的状语，所以要用动词lessen“减轻”。故将less改为lessen。
4.
考查介词。句意：到达维修点后，他们经常筋疲力尽。根据前后句意可知，采取这种运输方式，到达维修点后，人已筋疲力尽。结合语境可知，此处应是“到达维修点后才精疲力尽”，故应用介词after。故将Before改为After。
5.
考查代词。句意：长城砖的尺寸与普通砖不同。根据句意,此处指代的是前面的The
size“大小、尺寸”，且是单数，所以应用that指代单数。故将those改为that。
6.
考查名词的数。句意：程永茂坚决不同意用类似的砖块代替古老的砖块来降低成本。名词cost“费用”，根据句意可知，这里指的是相关的各项费用，所以要用名词复数。故将cost改为costs。
7.
考查连词。句意：对程永茂来说，即使几百年过去了，古建筑中使用的材料、工艺和做法仍然需要遵循。根据该句句意可知，此处非选择关系，是并列关系。故将or改为and。
8.
考查系动词。句意：对程永茂来说，即使几百年过去了，古建筑中使用的材料、工艺和做法仍然需要遵循。分析句子可知，该句的谓语动词是need，所以动词use要用非谓语形式，use与逻辑主语the
materials,
crafts
or
practices是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语，系动词are多余。故去掉are。
9.
考查介词。句意：程永茂仍然坚持每周至少爬一次长城，为维修工人提供技术指导。固定搭配insist
on
doing
sth.(坚持做某事)。故在insist后加on。
10.
考查副词。句意：程永茂仍然坚持每周至少爬一次长城，为维修工人提供技术指导。at
most(至多)，at
least(至少)，根据文章大意可知，程永茂工作认真勤奋，所以此处应表达他每周至少有一次去长城。故将most改为least。
第二节
书面表达（满分25分）
52.
假定你是李华，高三的生活即将结束，亲情、友情、师生情弥足珍贵。请你给你的父母、同学或老师写一封信，要点如下：
1.
写信的目的；
2.
你们之间难忘的事情。
注意：
1.
词数100词左右；
2.
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear
parents,
Words
have
always
failed
me
when
I
have
a
strong
desire
to
express
my
thanks
to
you
for
the
loving
care
you
have
shown
for
me,
especially
since
I
went
to
senior
three.
There
were
terrible
times
when
I
had
problems
in
carrying
out
my
assignments.
It
was
Mother
who
approached,
accompanying
me
with
a
cup
of
fragrant
milk
in
your
hand;
it
was
Father
who
helped
me
regain
the
confidence
to
overcome
the
difficulties,
challenging
me
to
succeed
in
life.
As
you
know,
those
good
memories
will
never
fade
away.
I
love
you!
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给自己的父母、同学或老师写一封信，向他们表达弥足珍贵的亲情、友情或师生情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感谢：gratitude→thanks
任务：task→assignment
克服：get
over→overcome
帮助某人做某事：assist
sb.
to
do
sth.=help
sb.
do
sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变强调句
原句：As
you
know,
those
good
memories
will
never
fade
away.
拓展句：As
you
know,
it
is
those
good
memories
that
will
never
fade
away.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Words
have
always
failed
me
when
I
have
a
strong
desire
to
express
my
thanks
to
you
for
the
loving
care
you
have
shown
for
me,
especially
since
I
went
to
senior
three.
(划线部分运用了省略that/which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
It
was
Mother
who
approached,
accompanying
me
with
a
cup
of
fragrant
milk
in
your
hand;
it
was
Father
who
helped
me
regain
the
confidence
to
overcome
the
difficulties,
challenging
me
to
succeed
in
life.
(运用了强调句型结构，现在分词作状语)景德镇一中2020～2021学年第二学期期末考试卷
高二（1）班英语
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
does
the
man
ask
the
woman
to
give
him?
A.
A
table.
B.
Her
ID
card.
C.
A
signed
parcel.
2.
What
will
the
woman
do
for
the
man?
A.
Clean
the
mark
on
his
shirt.
B.
Give
him
a
ride
to
a
wedding.
C.
Buy
him
a
shirt
in
ten
minutes.
3.
How
does
the
woman
probably
go
to
work
at
present?
A.
By
car.
B.
By
bus.
C.
By
bike.
4
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Husband
and
wife.
B.
Neighbors.
C.
Mother
and
son.
5.
How
is
the
weather
now?
A.
Hot.
B.
Cloudy.
C.
Rainy.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.
What
will
the
man
do
in
Singapore?
A.
Learn
from
the
woman.
B.
Travel
with
the
woman.
C.
Work
with
John
Taylor.
7.
Why
does
the
man
feel
nervous
about
going
to
Singapore?
A.
He
has
to
work
as
a
new
manager.
B.
He
has
many
projects
to
finish
there.
C.
He
has
never
been
out
of
the
country.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.
On
what
does
the
man
ask
the
woman
for
advice?
A.
How
to
keep
healthy.
B.
Which
coffee
maker
to
buy.
C.
Where
to
get
a
real
bargain.
9.
Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place?
A.
At
home.
B.
In
the
gym.
C.
In
a
shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
are
the
speakers?
A.
College
students.
B.
School
teachers.
C.
School
administrators.
11.
What
is
it
in
the
middle
of
the
map?
A.
The
restaurant.
B.
The
Student
Union.
C.
The
Media
Center.
12.
What
can
students
borrow
from
the
old
library?
A.
Sports
magazines.
B.
Entertainment
magazines.
C.
Financial
books.
听第9段材料，回答13至16题。
13.
What
made
the
man
give
up
a
sailing
trip
last
weekend?
A.
The
busy
schedule.
B.
The
long
distance.
C.
The
high
cost.
14.
What
did
Jenny
do
last
weekend?
A.
She
participated
in
a
competition.
B.
She
won
a
football
prize
at
the
park.
C.
She
played
tennis
with
her
brother.
15.
Who
got
injured?
A.
Emily.
B.
Joe.
C.
Andy.
16.
What
will
the
woman
do
next
weekend?
A.
Go
to
the
beach
with
the
man.
B.
Go
swimming
and
fishing
alone.
C.
Invite
the
man
to
a
basketball
game.
听10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.
When
did
the
speaker
go
to
the
cinema
for
the
first
time?
A.
In
1932.
B.
In
1937.
C.
In
1945.
18.
What
did
the
speaker
get
from
his
mother?
A.
Sweets.
B.
Chocolate.
C.
Some
money.
19.
How
did
the
speaker
feel
in
the
cinema?
A.
Amazed.
B.
Bored.
C.
Frightened.
20.
What
does
the
speaker
say
about
the
film
in
those
days?
A.
The
sets
were
real
and
convincing.
B.
The
actors'
performances
were
great.
C.
The
special
effects
were
unbelievable.
第二部分
阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
These
animal
dads
have
some
seriously
strange
ideas
about
fatherhood.
Barbary
macaque
Unlike
human
dads
boasting
of
their
kids'
winning
contests
or
college
acceptances,
barbary
macaques,
monkeys
that
are
native
to
North
Africa,
show
off
babies
as
a
way
to
impress
each
other
and
build
social
networks.
These
monkeys
live
in
troops
of
about
30
members,
and
life
centers
around
the
babies
born
each
spring.
During
baby
season,
males
carry
the
infants,
even
picking
up
little
ones
that
aren’t
their
own
offspring
(后代).
However,
there
are
status
symbols,
used
to
build
male
social
networks
and
connections
within
the
group.
The
infants
can
serve
as
a
social
passport,
to
approach
other
males
and
hang
out
with
them.
After
all,
it’s
much
simpler
to
break
the
ice
if
you
have
a
cute
baby
in
hand.
Sand
grouse
Lots
of
dads
bring
home
the
bacon.
But
for
young
sand
grouses
living
in
Namibia’s
dry
deserts,
water
is
the
essential
resource.
Sand
grouse
fathers
are
the
frequent
flyers
that
travel
almost
125
miles
each
day
to
fill
up
for
the
family
at
a
watering
hole.
With
no
other
way
to
transport
water,
male
sand
grouses
settle
in
the
pool,
rocking
back
and
forth
to
bathe
their
belly
feathers.
Filling
up
can
take
15
minutes,
leaving
them
exposed
to
killers
like
falcons
(猎鹰).
But
it
all
pays
off.
The
dads
return
home
after
a
long
day
and
are
able
to
provide
their
babies
with
few
precious
tablespoons
of
liquid.
Pipefish
Pregnant
pipefish
males-yes,
males-give
birth
to
live
young
from
eggs
that
females
deposit
in
their
brood
pouches
(育儿袋).
This
mothering
act
has
earned
them
praise
as
devoted
animal
dads.
But
it
turns
out
that
the
pregnant
pipefish
also
has
a
wandering
eye.
If
he
sees
a
bigger
female
he
often
aborts
(流产)
existing
eggs.
If
he
stops
exporting
nutrients
to
the
developing
embryos
(胚胎)
while
reabsorbing
nutrients
from
abortions,
he
assures
enough
resources
to
invest
in
the
more
rewarding
offspring.
Blue
poison
dart
frog
Females
of
this
species
lay
only
about
half
a
dozen
precious
eggs.
That
is
maybe
why
dads
are
so
devoted
to
them.
Frog
eggs
must
stay
watery
or
moist,
and
these
devoted
dads
accomplish
that
by
regularly
urinating
on
them
over
the
course
of
10
days,
until
they
hatch
(孵化)
as
tadpoles.
1.
Barbary
macaques
carry
their
kids
around
in
order
to
_____.
A.
show
how
proud
they
are
about
being
a
father.
B.
show
their
family
strength
within
monkey
groups.
C.
center
around
their
kids
as
a
tradition.
D.
build
up
better
relations
with
other
monkeys.
2.
The
resource
of
water
or
liquid
is
precious
to
_____.
A.
barbary
macaque
and
sand
grouse.
B.
sand
grouse
and
pipefish.
C.
pipefish
and
blue
poison
dart
frog.
D.
sand
grouse
and
blue
poison
dart
frog.
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.
Sand
grouse
carries
the
water
by
drinking
it
first
and
then
spitting
it
out
B.
Pipefish
gives
up
some
eggs
in
order
to
make
himself
stronger.
C.
Male
blue
poison
dart
frog
protects
the
eggs
by
keeping
them
wet.
D.
Sand
grouse
has
to
compete
for
water
with
the
falcon.
B
When
Chef
Enrique
Olvera
opened
his
restaurant,
Pujol,
13
years
ago,
his
only
goal
was
to
have
the
best
restaurant
in
the
neighborhood.
Olvera's
budget
was
so
small
that
he
had
to
do
all
the
things
himself.
But
Pujol
is
now
widely
thought
of
as
Mexico's
finest
restaurant
and
the
36th
best
in
the
world.
He
reached
his
position
by
making
his
cuisine
'fancier
and
fancier,
and
more
complex'
over
time.
Pujol
now
serves
a
tasting
menu
of
sophisticated
food
that
wouldn't
look
out
of
place
even
at
New
York's
Momofuku
Ko.
To
decode
his
rocket
soar
in
world
cuisine
circus,
Olvera
insists
on
mixing
elaborate,
cutting-edge
techniques
with
a
strong
emphasis
on
local
ingredients
to
create
a
cosmopolitan
cuisine
that's
at
once
international
yet
unmistakably
Mexican,
matching
the
direction
of
Mexico
City
itself.
A
visit
to
the
48-seat
Pujol
reveals
a
space-age
kitchen
containing
27
cooks,
with
one
making
his
fifth
attempt
to
reshape
the
egg
liquid
and
another
coloring
potatoes.
Pujol
tolerates
any
grotesque
attempt
a
chef
could
imagine
and
the
restaurant
is
the
trial
site
for
its
staff.
That
makes
Pujol
a
hot
place
to
attract
free
labor.
The
chef
has
also
thought
more
about
bringing
Mexican
cooks
home
from
the
U.S.
Many
are
returning
to
move
past
the
glass
ceiling
that
exists
in
America.
“Despite
the
number
of
Mexicans
working
in
U.S.
restaurants,
you
rarely
see
a
Mexican
head
chef
in
a
New
York
kitchen,”
said
Olvera.
“Then
why
not
come
back
here
to
attract
diners
here
for
the
most
local
but
also
novel
dishes?”
And
for
foreign
diners,
Mexican
restaurants
have
another
wonder
to
offer.
Just
think
that
merely
30
dollars
can
sustain
you
for
a
4-course
feast
in
an
ordinary
Mexican
restaurant
and
no
one
could
resist
the
temptation.
To
achieve
such
high
cost
performance,
Olvera
states
that
you
have
to
keep
looking
for
and
exploring
with
the
simple
ingredients
from
which
to
accomplish
amazing
dishes.
“You
always
cherish
where
you
come
from,
but
there’s
also
the
need
for
new
sensations.
Keep
exploring
with
new
ideas
until
you
get
a
better
dish.”
After
all,
it’s
the
soul
of
modem
cuisine.
4.
Why
has
Pujol
become
so
successful?
A.
Because
Olvera
aimed
low
in
the
first
place.
B.
Because
Olvera
forms
the
habit
of
doing
things
by
himself.
C.
Because
Olvera
attracts
excellent
cooks
from
the
U.S.
D.
Because
Olvera
combines
cooking
skills
with
local
characteristics.
5.
The
underlined
word
grotesque
is
closest
in
meaning
to
_____.
A.
forceful.
B.
weird.
C.
abstract.
D.
painful.
6.
Why
would
many
Mexican
chefs
come
back
to
the
country?
A.
Because
Pujol
provides
them
with
high
titles
and
salaries.
B.
Because
they
find
it
hard
to
rise
to
senior
positions
in
U.S.
restaurants.
C.
Because
they
cook
Mexican
food
better
than
American
food.
D.
Because
they
refer
to
the
high
cost
performance
of
the
restaurants.
7.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A
Momofuku
Ko
is
a
famous
food
critic.
B.
Olvera
relies
totally
on
foreign
cutting-edge
cooking
techniques.
C.
Eating
in
ordinary
Mexican
restaurants
is
expensive.
D.
One
key
to
success
in
today’s
restaurant
business
is
continuous
innovation.
C
People
around
the
world
participate
in
various
ritualized
celebrations.
New
Year
activities
included
fireworks,
and
resolutions-as
well
as
some
practices
unique
to
specific
cultures,
such
as
cooking
black-eyed
peas
and
greens
in
the
southeastern
United
States.
All
human
cultures
have
their
rituals-typically
repetitive,
symbolic
behaviors
that
a
group
of
people
experience
as
purposeful;
though
people
generally
can’t
explain
how
they
are
supposed
to
work.
And
their
diversity
can
also
cause
clashes
between
peoples,
particularly
when
the
valued
rituals
of
one
culture
strike
another
as
strange.
Most
scientists
who
study
rituals
consider
their
mysterious
origins
to
be
one
of
their
defining
characteristics.
But
recently,
researchers
have
come
to
realize
that
before
rituals
become
purely
social
and
highly
peculiar,
many
have
started
out
as
attempts
to
avoid
disasters.
Ritualized
ways
of
preparing
food
or
cleaning
the
body,
for
example,
have
emerged
as
ways
to
prevent
disease.
Many
rituals
also
provide
psychological
comfort
during
times
of
hardship.
Today,
humans
are
adopting
new
behaviors
although
it’s
too
early
to
tell
whether
any
of
these
behaviors
will
become
truly
ritualized.
It
will
only
be
the
case
when
the
social
significance
of
the
behavior
takes
precedence
over
its
practical
use.
This
is
what
sets
rituals
apart
from
other
cultural
practices,
such
as
cooking.
Not
all
rituals
are
effective
because
we
don’t
always
understand
what
is
producing
the
risk
we
are
trying
to
control.
But
some
do
work.
In
the
Indian
state
of
Bihar,
where
maternal
and
infant
death
rate
at
birth
remains
high,
269
rituals
are
associated
with
pregnancy
and
birth.
A
significant
proportion
of
these
rituals,
such
as
preparing
the
nutritious
food,
are
perfectly
in
accord
with
modem
medical
advice.
Many
others
are
likely
neutral
while
the
ones,
such
as
bathing
the
infant
immediately
after
birth,
are
viewed
as
risky
just
because
of
practical
limitations
such
as
a
lack
of
clean
water.
The
relationship
between
medicine
and
rituals
is
also
interesting.
“It
is
important
to
keep
in
mind
that
to
most
people,
the
mechanisms
of
modem
medicine
are
just
as
opaque
as
rituals
are,”
says
Legare,
an
expert.
The
practices
of
modem
medicine
are
relatively
new.
“When
a
doctor
tells
you,
I’m
sorry,
but
there’s
nothing
we
can
do
for
you,
that
may
be
true,
but
it
is
very
discouraging
as
well,”
Legare
says.
“Therefore
relevant
rituals
are
firmly
valued
seemingly
out
of
no
reasons.”
8.
According
to
the
passage,
what
behavior
can
be
regarded
as
a
cultural
ritual?
A.
A
student
habitually
conducts
reading
before
sleep
every
day.
B.
A
family
eat
dinner
at
the
same
restaurant
every
weekend.
C.
People
eat
green
dumplings
during
the
Festival
of
Qingming.
D
Many
Chinese
people
used
to
ride
bicycles
to
work.
9.
Originally,
many
rituals
arose
in
an
attempt
to
_____.
A.
make
people
get
along
with
people
from
the
same
cultural
group.
B.
protect
people
from
potential
life
threats
C.
get
people
to
identify
with
their
own
culture.
D.
provide
people
with
values
when
clashing
with
people
from
other
cultures.
10.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.
Groups
with
different
rituals
can
basically
live
together
in
peace.
B.
The
practical
use
of
a
behavior
takes
priority
when
it’s
to
be
judged
as
a
ritual.
C.
Appropriateness
of
some
rituals
depends
on
local
conditions.
D.
When
ill,
people
turn
to
rituals
because
they
work
better
than
medicine.
11.
The
best
title
for
the
passage
might
be
_____.
A.
Be
cautious
of
the
weird
rituals
B.
Long
gone
are
decayed
rituals
C.
Ritual
the
mysterious
reflection
of
human
innocence.
D.
Ritual,there’s
a
reason
for
itsexistence.
D
Types
of
Social
Groups
Life
places
us
in
a
complex
web
of
relationships
with
other
people.
Our
humanness
arises
out
of
these
relationships
in
the
course
of
social
interaction.
Moreover,
our
humanness
must
be
sustained
through
social
interaction
--
and
fairly
constantly
so.
When
an
association
continues
long
enough
for
two
people
to
become
linked
together
by
a
relatively
stable
set
of
expectations,
it
is
called
a
relationship.
People
are
bound
within
relationships
by
two
types
of
bonds:
expressive
ties
and
instrumental
ties.
Expressive
ties
are
social
links
formed
when
we
emotionally
invest
ourselves
in
and
commit
ourselves
to
other
people.
Through
association
with
people
who
are
meaningful
to
us,
we
achieve
a
sense
of
security,
love,
acceptance,
companionship,
and
personal
worth.
Instrumental
ties
are
social
links
focused
when
we
cooperate
with
other
people
to
achieve
some
goal.
Occasionally,
this
may
mean
working
with,
instead
of
against,
competitors.
More
often,
we
simply
cooperate
with
others
to
reach
some
end
without
endowing
the
relationship
with
any
larger
significance.
Sociologists
have
built
on
the
distinction
between
expressive
and
instrumental
ties
to
distinguish
between
two
types
of
groups:
primary
and
secondary.
A
primary
group
involves
two
or
more
people
who
enjoy
a
direct,
intimate,
cohesive
relationship
with
one
another.
Expressive
ties
predominate
in
primary
groups:
we
view
the
people
as
ends
in
themselves
and
valuable
in
their
own
right.
A
secondary
group
entails
two
or
more
people
who
are
involved
in
an
impersonal
relationship
and
have
come
together
for
a
specific,
practical
purpose.
Instrumental
ties
predominate
in
secondary
groups
;
we
perceive
people
as
means
to
ends
rather
than
as
ends
in
their
own
right.
sometimes
primary
group
relationships
evolve
out
of
secondary
group
relationships.
This
happens
in
many
work
settings.
People
on
the
job
often
develop
close
relationships
with
coworkers
as
they
come
to
share
gripes,
jokes,
gossip,
and
satisfactions.
A
number
of
conditions
enhance
the
likelihood
that
primary
groups
will
arise.
First,
group
size
is
important.
We
find
it
difficult
to
get
to
know
people
personally
when
they
are
milling
about
and
dispersed
in
large
groups.
In
small
groups
we
have
a
better
chance
to
initiate
contact
and
establish
rapport
with
them.
Second,
face
-
to
-
face
contact
allows
us
to
size
up
others.
Seeing
and
talking
with
one
another
in
close
physical
proximity
makes
possible
a
subtle
exchange
of
ideas
and
feelings.
And
third,
the
probability
that
we
will
develop
primary
group
bonds
increases
as
we
have
frequent
and
continuous
contact.
Our
ties
with
people
often
deepen
as
we
interact
with
them
across
time
and
gradually
evolve
interlocking
habits
and
interests.
Primary
groups
are
fundamental
to
us
and
to
society.
Sociologists
view
primary
groups
as
bridges
between
individuals
and
the
larger
society
because
they
transmit,
mediate,
and
interpret
a
society’s
cultural
patterns
and
provide
the
sense
of
oneness
so
critical
for
social
solidarity.
Primary
groups,
then
serve
both
as
carriers
of
social
norms
and
as
enforcers
of
them.
12.
According
to
Paragraph
1,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
of
a
relationship?
A.
It
is
a
structure
of
associations
with
many
people.
B.
It
should
be
studied
in
the
course
of
social
interaction.
C.
It
places
great
demands
on
people.
D.
It
develops
gradually
over
time.
13.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
author’s
claim
in
paragraph
4
that
primary
group
relationships
sometimes
evolve
out
of
secondary
group
relationships?
A.
Secondary
group
relationships
begin
by
being
primary
group
relationships.
B.
A
secondary
group
relationship
that
is
highly
visible
quickly
becomes
a
primary
group
relationship.
C.
Sociologists
believe
that
only
primary
group
relationships
are
important
to
society.
D.
Even
in
secondary
groups,
frequent
communication
serves
to
bring
people
into
close
relationships.
14.
The
phrase
“size
up”
in
paragraph
5
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”.
A.
enlarge
B.
evaluate
C.
impress
D.
accept
15.
This
passage
is
developed
primarily
by
________.
A.
drawing
comparisons
between
theory
and
practice
B.
presenting
two
opposing
theories
C.
defining
important
concepts
D.
discussing
causes
and
their
effects
第二节(共5
小题;每小题2分.满分10分)
根据短义内容.从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting
your
kid
to
bed
at
night
is
seriously
one
of
the
most
challenging
things
you’ll
ever
have
to
do.
Most
kids
are
just
so
full
of
energy
that
they'll
tire
you
out
before
they're
halfway
through
their
store
of
energy.___16___However,
it's
really
not
a
great
idea.
___17___The
kids'
parents
were
asked
to
track
how
much
screen
time
the
kids
were
allowed
along
with
their
sleep
patterns.
They
also
had
the
kids
wear
wristwatches
that
track
kids'
movement
and
surrounding
light.
This
helped
researchers
keep
track
of
how
long
kids
were
sleeping.
The
study
found
that
kids
who
didn't
spend
time
in
front
of
screen
before
bed
slept
for
23
more
minutes
every
week.
And
they
also
went
to
sleep
about
34
minutes
earlier
than
the
kids
playing
iPads._____18_____quality
of
sleep
is
vastly
important
for
children.
Former
studies
have
found
good
quality
sleep
can
influence
a
child’s
life
in
many
ways,
including
affecting
grades
and
also
weight
gain.
Students
with
an
“A”average
slept
for
30
or
more
minutes
per
night
than
those
with
a
“D”or
“F”average.____19____Those
with
consistent
and
age-appropriate
bedtime
had
a
healthier
BMI(体重指数)than
those
without
a
consistent
bedtime.
___20___Just
like
it’s
important
for
adults
to
go
to
sleep
without
any
distractions(使人分心的事),
it’s
even
more
important
for
kids.
A.
When
you’ll
have
to
worry
about
waking
them
up.
B.
Though
that
might
not
seem
like
so
much
more
time
C.
Hard
as
it
is,
it’s
really
important
not
to
hand
over
an
iPad
to
a
child
before
bed.
D.
Researchers
at
the
Arizona
State
University
conducted
a
study
with
547
kids
aged
7
to
9.
E.
And
children
with
irregular
bedtime
had
a
higher
risk
of
having
increased
body
weight.
F.
An
easy
thing
to
do
to
get
your
child
into
bed
is
giving
in
and
allowing
some
iPad
screen
time.
G.
Getting
to
sleep
on
time
and
sleeping
enough
help
contribute
to
improved
performance
in
school.
第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节；满分45分）
第一节
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入下列空白处的最佳选项。
Some
of
us
may
have
a
teacher
that
impacts
us
forever.
Those
teachers
___21___
us
to
study
hard
and
help
us
so
much.
Teachers,
who
we
will
always
remember,
deserve
___22___.
I
believe
Mrs.
Sheronn
from
Odyssey
Charter
School
should
___23___
to
that
sort.
She
has
instructed
me
more
than
any
other
teacher,
and
she
has
___24___
me
so
much.
Mrs.
Sheronn
was
always
___25___
.
She
always
got
up
early
and
___26___
herself
with
housework.
If
she
wasn’t
on
time,
there
was
usually
a
funny
story
about
her
morning.
She
smiled
constantly
and
had
a
fun
___27___
in
class,
making
us
all
laugh
and
enjoy
school.
Her
smile,
which
set
her
___28___
,
became
something
that
my
classmates
and
I
could
___29___
her
by.
Mrs.
Sheronn
would
always
cheer
her
___30___
up
with
anything
from
funny
group
discussions
to
our
weekly
game
of
Sparkle.
She
would
involve
us
in
lively
and
exciting
activities,
through
which
excellent
writing
skills
were
___31___
.
Those
deep
discussions
helped
us
___32___
as
a
family
and
made
me
remember
her
as
the
most
___33___
teacher
I
have
ever
had.
She
was
our
go-to
teacher
to
talk
to
about
our
daily
cares
and
___34___
in
our
little
world.
Mrs.
Sheronn
___35___
with
me
a
lot.
She
would
help
me
with
my
English
skills,
even
when
I
was
really
far
behind
or
just
had
a
horrible
___36___
.
She
also
told
me
that
school
didn’t
have
to
be
___37___
,
but
rather
how
we
wanted
it
to
be;
it
was
all
___38___
on
how
we
wanted
to
start
the
year
and
how
we
wanted
to
end
it.
Surely,
we
may
have
other
amazing
teachers
who
impressed
us,
___39___
Mrs.
Sheronn
did
so
much
more.
She
was
a
teacher
that
positively
___40___
students’
lives,
so
she
was
my
nomination
for
the
“Educator
of
the
Year”.
21.
A.
allow
B.
prefer
C.
motivate
D.
force
22.
A.
recognition
B.
fortune
C.
equality
D.
reputation
23.
A.
devote
B.
belong
C.
refer
D.
turn
24.
A.
criticized
B.
discovered
C.
convinced
D.
inspired
25.
A.
honest
B.
curious
C.
cheerful
D.
careless
26.
A.
busied
B.
applied
C.
spread
D.
engaged
27.
A.
expression
B.
style
C.
time
D.
job
28.
A.
aside
B.
off
C.
out
D.
apart
29.
A.
identify
B.
support
C.
appreciate
D.
protect
30.
A.
acquaintances
B.
customers
C.
pupils
D.
colleagues
31.
A.
brought
B.
thought
C.
lent
D.
taught
32.
A.
fight
B.
bond
C.
march
D.
resist
33.
A.
considerate
B.
diligent
C.
sympathetic
D.
excited
34.
A.
stories
B.
worries
C.
exams
D.
projects
35.
A.
accompanied
B.
worked
C.
played
D.
agreed
36.
A.
feeling
B.
nightmare
C.
paper
D.
incident
37.
A.
boring
B.
happy
C.
interesting
D.
attractive
38.
A.
determined
B.
independent
C.
reliable
D.
dependent
39.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
though
40.
A.
assessed
B.
consulted
C.
remembered
D.
influenced
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This
happened
when
I
was
ten.
On
a
normal
Sunday,
I
went
to
___41___
barber
shop
where
I
always
went.
That
day,
along
with
the
barber
there
was
an
assistant,
who
___42___
(join)
the
shop
recently.
So
I
sat
___43___
the
haircut.
The
uncle
asked
me
how
long
I
wanted
it.
I
answered,
“Just
do
as
my
dad
had
instructed
you
the
last
time.”
He
smiled.
Before
starting
the
haircut,
he
added,
“___44___
if
I
keep
it
long?”
I
knew
he
was
joking.
___45___
I
joked
too.
I
said,
“I
can’t
guarantee
what
would
happen
to
your
shop
then!”
The
moment
I
said
it,
the
assistant
shouted
from
behind.
“How
dare
do
you
say
that!
Who
are
you
___46___
(take)
us
down,
eh?”
I
admit
I
was
too
scared
at
that
moment
and
the
uncle
___47___
(stand)
beside
me
was
giving
me
an
awkward
look.
From
that
day
on,
I
completely
stopped
joking
about
anyone’s
profession
and
works.
It
is
one
of
the
most
important
___48___
(incident)
in
my
life,
___49___
taught
me
to
respect
the
profession
and
works
of
a
person,
no
matter
how
small
they
are.
I’m
____50____
(gratitude)
that
the
assistant
responded
in
a
way
that
made
me
rethink
the
power
of
my
words.
Words
do
make
a
difference.
第四部分
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
With
a
helmet,
a
small
camera
and
a
climbing
stick,
Cheng
Yongmao,
his
work
is
repairing
the
Great
Wall,
is
headed
for
the
Jiankou
section
of
the
Great
Wall
early
in
the
morning.
It
is
one
of
the
most
dangerous
parts
of
the
Great
Wall.
To
less
the
transportation
burden,
animals
are
used
to
carry
bricks
all
the
way
to
the
foot
of
the
mountain,
and
manual
workers
then
shoulder
bricks
to
the
repair
sites.
Before
arriving
at
the
repair
sites,
they
are
often
worn
out.
The
size
of
the
Great
Wall
bricks
is
different
from
those
of
ordinary
bricks.
Cheng
firmly
disagrees
with
the
idea
to
replace
the
ancient
bricks
with
similar
ones
to
cut
cost.
For
Cheng,
even
after
hundreds
of
years,
the
materials,
crafts
or
practices
are
used
in
ancient
buildings
still
need
to
be
followed.
Cheng
still
insists
climbing
the
Great
Wall
at
most
once
a
week
to
provide
technical
guidance
for
repair
workers.
He
hopes
he
can
contribute
more
to
cultural
relics
protection.
第二节
书面表达（满分25分）
52.
假定你是李华，高三的生活即将结束，亲情、友情、师生情弥足珍贵。请你给你的父母、同学或老师写一封信，要点如下：
1.
写信的目的；
2.
你们之间难忘的事情。
注意：
1.
词数100词左右；
2.
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
