北京市房山区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）（无听力试题）

北京市房山区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试
英
语
本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分
知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,
共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everybody
knows
I
like
new
experiences.
My
uncle
Tom
arranged
a
tandem____1____
for
my
eighteenth
birthday.
I
was
excited
and
expected
____2____
to
have
several
weeks
to
research
skydiving
online,
but
then
I
got
a
call
from
the
skydiving
company,
asking
me
to
come
the
next
day.
I
couldn’t
believe
my
____3____!
Although
we
set
off
early
to
the
airport,
we
were
15
minutes
behind
schedule
because
of
the
heavy
traffic.
The
information
and
safety
talk
was
already
over
and
that
did
____4____
me.
Instead,
I
received
a
shorter
version.
The
time
of
each
person’s
skydive
depended
on
the
time
they’d
registered,
so
for
me
that
meant
a
long
wait.
I
watched
the
first
group
of
skydivers
____5____,
which
was
helpful.
Twenty
minutes
later,
I
suddenly
became
uneasy
when
the
first
pair
of
skydivers
____6____
in
the
sky.
My
name
was
finally
called.
I
pulled
my
____7____
on
and
was
introduced
to
my
instructor.
We
walked
towards
the
plane.
The
noise
the
plane
made
was
enough
to
____8____
even
the
most
relaxed
flyer.
However,
once
my
instructor
had
double
checked
our
equipment,
my
fear
disappeared.
When
we
reached
the
required
height,
the
door
opened
and
we
moved
towards
it.
Sitting
in
the
doorway
of
the
plane
was
probably
the
____9____
moment.
Then
we
moved
forwards
until
we
fell
out.
I
was
aware
of
the
cold
wind
on
my
face
and
could
see
incredible
views
around
me.
My
instructor
opened
our
parachute,
and
we
went
suddenly
from
free
falling
to
slowly
floating
back
down
to
the
ground.
It
was
a
fantastic
_____10_____
that
I’ll
never
forget.
1.
A.
hike
B.
training
C.
skydive
D.
skateboarding
2.
A.
nervously
B.
anxiously
C.
patiently
D.
happily
3.
A.
luck
B.
creativity
C.
courage
D.
charm
4.
A.
help
B.
bother
C.
touch
D.
attract
5.
A.
talking
B.
competing
C.
preparing
D.
arriving
6.
A.
rose
B.
hung
C.
danced
D.
appeared
7.
A.
jumpsuit
B.
spacesuit
C.
swimwear
D.
sportswear
8.
A.
injure
B.
worry
C.
comfort
D.
impress
9.
A.
scariest
B.
calmest
C.
saddest
D.
biggest
10.
A.
trip
B.
party
C.
experience
D.
vacation
第二节　语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,
共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Cunningham
was
a
world-famous
fashion
photographer.
But
he
led
a
simple
life.
He
lived
in
a
small
apartment.
A
simple
restaurant
was
the
place
____11____
he
usually
had
the
same
meal.
He
always
used
cheap
cameras
and
all
his
pictures
____12____
(take)
on
the
streets
of
New
York.
Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
ordinary
people
in
poor
areas.
He
found
inspiration
in
everyday
scenes.
These
things
were
real,
and
it
was
within
their
reality
that
he
saw
both
____13____
(beautiful)
and
potential.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since
the
1960s,
we
have
been
sending
unmanned
spacecraft
to
Mars.
Our
probes
have
travelled
around
the
planet,
____14____
(send)
back
valuable
data
and
images.
Our
robots
____15____
(explore)
the
Martian
surface
several
times,
testing
the
soil
and
searching
for
resource,
water
and
signs
of
life.
____16____
(encourage)
by
discoveries
over
the
years,
space
agencies
of
various
countries
are
planning
manned
missions
to
Mars.
China
____17____
(land)
its
rover
(漫游车)
on
Mars
successfully
on
May
15th,
2021,
becoming
the
second
country
to
have
a
rover
on
it.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The
faces
some
people
show
to
the
world
might
be
completely
different
to
their
real
personalities.
Most
comedians
have
sweet
smiles
on
their
faces
and
always
sound
cheerful
because
that’s
the
nature
of
their
work.
Judging
____18____
the
faces
we
are
not
likely
to
know
what
their
true
feelings
are.
They
might
be
crying
on
the
inside
____19____
they
might
be
laughing
on
the
outside.
How
others
are
feeling
is
not
something
that
we
should
make
assumptions
about,
because
it’s
not
always
obvious
who
is
____20____
(true)
happy.
第二部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Courtyard
Stay
with
Your
Dogs
As
autumn
approaches,
we
are
inviting
you
to
join
us
on
our
August
dog
event—Courtyard
Stay
with
Yoga
&
Hike
from
August
21st
to
August
22nd
near
Qinglong
Lake
in
Fangshan
district.
This
event
will
continue
to
raise
fund
for
our
Pre-treatment
Guidance
Project
(PGP).
Check
out
our
full
itinerary
below:
Day
1:
Saturday,
August
21st
At
9
am
in
the
morning,
you
will
be
picked
up
by
car
or
bus
and
head
to
Fangshan
district.
We
have
arranged
a
private
courtyard
house
for
a
comfortable
stay
for
the
Saturday
night.
We
will
enjoy
some
local
dishes
for
lunch,
while
enjoying
the
peaceful
views
of
the
Qinglong
Lake.
After
lunch,
we
will
go
together
for
a
light
hike
to
the
nearby
mountain
and
water
tracks
with
our
dogs.
For
dinner,
enjoy
the
coziest,
home-style
BBQ
with
both
vegetable
and
meat
options.
Day
2:
Sunday,
August
22nd
After
breakfast,
we
will
join
a
yoga
teacher
for
a
deeply
relaxing
yoga
session,
with
the
company
of
the
morning
sun.
You
can
choose
to
hike
a
bit
more
afterwards
in
the
forest
park.
We
will
be
checking
out
around
4
pm
in
the
afternoon,
returning
to
our
homes.
Reservation:
Please
add
our
event
manager,
Diana,
on
Wechat
to
reserve
a
spot
for
yourself
and
your
dog,
a
full
payment
will
be
required
upon
signing
up.
If
you
don’t
have
a
dog
but
would
still
like
to
hang
out
with
dogs,
you
are
more
than
welcome
to
join
too!
Pricing:
Early
Bird
Fee:
1400
RMB
per
human
for
the
first
four
participants
only
before
7th
August.
Children
Price:
800
RMB
(4—13
years
old).
Full
Price:
1600
RMB
per
human.
All
surplus
funds
and
donations
will
go
to
our
Pre-treatment
Guidance
Program.
Please
bring
your
ID,
your
dog’s
ID
and
vaccine
proof?for
any
potential
security
check.
We
can’t
wait
to
see
you
soon！
21.
Who
would
be
most
interested
in
the
weekend
activity?
A.
Taxi
drivers.
B.
Yoga
coaches.
C.
Pet
dog
owners.
D.
The
PGP
members.
22.
According
to
the
itinerary,
on
August
22nd,
you
can
________.
A.
join
a
teacher
to
do
some
yoga
B.
have
some
local
dishes
for
lunch
C.
enjoy
the
coziest,
home-style
BBQ
D.
go
together
for
a
hike
to
the
water
tracks
23.
The
purpose
of
the
countryside
stay
activity
is
to________.
A.
promote
the
Qinglong
Lake
B.
raise
fund
for
a
public
project
C.
teach
skills
of
BBQ
and
keeping
dogs
D.
provide
access
to
dogs
for
people
without
pets
B
A
Lifelong
Devotion
to
Keeping
People
Fed
Yuan
Longping
is
a
Chinese
agricultural
scientist
and
educator,
known
for
developing
the
hybrid
rice
varieties.
Yuan
graduated
from
the
Southwest
Agriculture
Institute
in
1953
and
began
his
teaching
career
at
an
agriculture
school.
In
the
1960s,
when
a
serious
food
shortage
swept
China,
Yuan
decided
to
devote
himself
to
studying
how
to
increase
the
yields
of
rice.
He
then
began
a
lifelong
connection
with
rice.
Yuan
succeeded
in
growing
the
world’s
first
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
1973,
which
could
reach
a
yield
of
over
500
kg
per
mu
(about
0.067
hectares),
rising
from
the
previous
yield
of
only
300
kg
per
mu.
For
the
next
four
decades,
he
continued
to
work
on
research
and
development
of
hybrid
rice,
achieving
increasingly
higher
outputs.
In
2020,
hybrid
rice
developed
by
Yuan’s
team
achieved
1,500
kilograms
per
mu
in
two
growing
seasons,
a
new
world
record.
In
China,
where
rice
is
the
main
food
for
the
majority
of
the
1.4
billion
people,
the
planting
area
of
hybrid
rice
has
reached
16
million
hectares,
or
57
%
of
the
total
planting
area
of
rice,
helping
feed
an
extra
80
million
people
a
year.
Hybrid
rice
has
also
been
grown
in
over
40
countries,
including
the
U.S.,
Brazil,
India,
Vietnam,
the
Philippines
and
Madagascar.
The
total
planting
area
of
the
hybrid
rice
has
reached
8
million
hectares
overseas.
Even
after
a
great
success,
Yuan
never
held
himself
back
from
making
new
breakthroughs.
In
2017,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
in
Qingdao.
The
rice
was
designed
to
grow
in
saline-alkaline
land
and
survive
even
after
being
completely
in
seawater.
His
team
planned
to
develop
a
type
of
seawater
rice
that
could
be
planted
in
6.67
million
hectares
of
saline-alkaline
land
across
China
to
boost
the
country’s
rice
harvest
by
about
20
%.
In
2018,
Yuan’s
team
was
invited
to
plant
the
saline-alkaline
tolerant
rice
in
experimental
fields
in
Dubai,
which
achieved
huge
success.
In
June
2020,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
on
a
farm
at
an
altitude
of
2,800
meters
in
northwest
China’s
Qinghai
Province.
The
experiment
succeeded.
Yuan
had
two
dreams
—
to
“enjoy
the
cool
under
the
rice
crops
taller
than
men”
and
that
hybrid
rice
could
be
grown
all
over
the
world
to
help
solve
the
global
food
shortage.
24.
What
made
Yuan
Longping
decide
to
study
rice?
A.
A
serious
food
shortage.
B.
Agriculture
development.
C.
His
interest
in
the
rice
experiment.
D.
His
wish
to
plant
the
tallest
rice
in
the
world.
25.
From
the
passage,
we
know
that
Yuan
Longping
________.
A.
developed
a
variety
of
hybrid
rice
B.
worked
as
a
scientist
after
graduation
C.
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
in
Dubai
in
2017
D.
grew
the
first
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
1953
26.
We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
Yuan
Longping’s
most
outstanding
qualities
are________.
A.
modest
and
outgoing
B.
honest
and
creative
C.
generous
and
optimistic
D.
responsible
and
devoted
C
In
this
day
and
age,
there
seems
to
be
a
move
towards
secondary
school
subjects.
For
that
reason,
some
parents
and
some
students
feel
that
the
compulsory
study
of
English
literature
is
misguided
and
disadvantageous
to
students,
particularly
if
they
are
second
language
learners
of
English.
However,
there
are
still
good
reasons
for
the
study
of
English
literature.
Students
of
English
language
sometimes
fail
to
see
the
point
of
studying
English
literature,
especially
if
they
have
no
plans
to
study
English
or
translation
at
university.
But
English
literature
can
introduce
students
to
a
range
of
aspects,
not
only
of
the
English
language
but
also
the
culture
of
English-speaking
countries.
There
are
aspects
of
English
culture
that
are
summarised
by
English
literature.
Of
course,
this
is
quite
obvious
when
studying
the
works
of
Shakespeare
or
of
writers,
poets
and
playwrights
of
the
eighteenth
and
nineteenth
centuries.
It
is,
however,
also
true
when
studying
other
works
of
English
literature.
Students
can
learn
about
good
stories
and
references
to
different
aspects
of
English
culture.
They
can
also
learn
the
context
and
meanings
of
famous
quotes
and
phrases.
Studying
literature
does
not
confine
the
students
to
the
traditions
of
England
but
includes
the
possibility
of
introducing
them
to
traditions
which
inform
English
literature,
such
as
the
study
of
Ancient
Greek
drama,
and
to
literature
in
other
contexts,
such
as
American
literature.
An
enjoyment
and
appreciation
of
literature
will
give
students
the
ability
to
develop
this
into
an
interest
in
books
and
reading
as
they
move
away
from
their
studies
and
into
the
adult
lives.
They
will
have
the
confidence
to
approach
and
cope
with
new
forms
of
books
and
writing,
since
they
were
exposed
to
a
range
of
literature
during
their
school
days.
When
studying
literature,
students
can
learn
not
only
language
aspects
such
as
vocabulary
items
but
also
the
language
aspects
which
can
be
used
for
specific
purposes.
For
example,
if
the
students
are
familiar
with
the
concepts
of
beat
and
rhythm
of
English
poems,
they
can
improve
their
own
writing
as
they
are
able
to
appreciate
and
apply
these
ideas.
Finally,
the
study
of
literature
can
provide
students
with
a
fresh
and
creative
angle,
from
which
the
students
can
approach
their
studies
in
particular
and
their
lives
in
general.
So
the
next
time
you
are
reading
a
newspaper
article
complaining
of
the
lack
of
creativity
and
initiative
in
the
local
workforce,
remember
that
in
a
small
way
the
study
of
English
literature
can
help
to
add
a
refreshing
and
further
dimension
to
a
person’s
life.
27.
The
author
may
agree
that
the
study
of
English
literature________.
A.
has
a
long-lasting
influence
on
students
B.
is
misguided
and
has
more
disadvantages
C.
is
not
necessary
for
second
language
learners
D.
only
allows
the
students
to
learn
the
traditions
of
England
28.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________.
A.
schools
fail
to
care
about
students’
needs
B
learning
English
literature
makes
students
smarter
C
English
culture
is
closely
related
to
English
literature
D.
the
more
you
read
literary
works,
the
more
you
complain
29.
What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
study
of
English
literature?
A.
Critical.
B.
Cautious.
C.
Supportive.
D.
Anxious.
30.
What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Parents
and
Students’
Demands
B.
Why
We
Learn
English
Literature
C.
English
Culture
and
English
Literature
D.
Suitable
Courses
for
Secondary
Schools
D
Following
the
Famous
Silk
Roads
The
Silk
Roads
were
a
network
of
ancient
trade
routes
that
extended
from
East
Asia
all
the
way
to
the
Mediterranean.
A
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor（走廊）,
which
stretches
over
a
distance
of
around
5,000
kilometres
through
China,
Kazakhstan
and
Kyrgyzstan,
covering
a
total
of
8,700
kilometres
of
trade
routes.
The
three
countries
jointly
pursued
an
application
for
UNESCO
World
Heritage
(遗产)
status
which
contained
detailed
research
on
the
33
sites
along
the
corridor.
This
made
history
as
the
first
successful
multinational
World
Heritage
application.
The
starting
point
of
the
corridor
and
the
entire
Silk
Roads
network
is
Xi’an,
in
Shanxi
Province.
Further
west
on
the
Silk
Roads,
the
geography
gradually
changes
from
wild
deserts
to
high,
snow-capped
mountains
to
vast
grasslands
as
the
routes
pass
through
the
Tianshan
Mountains
and
emerge
in
the
valleys
of
Central
Asia.
Although
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
of
the
Silk
Roads
ends
here,
the
network
continues
westwards
until
it
reaches
the
Mediterranean.
The
corridor
began
to
develop
in
the
2nd
century.
Assigned
by
the
emperor,
the
ambassador
Zhang
Qian
journeyed
from
Chang’an
to
Central
Asia,
seeking
to
build
bridges
between
the
Han
Dynasty
and
the
Western
Regions.
Following
Zhang’s
efforts,
trade
routes
took
shape
and
relationships
were
strengthened
between
the
major
powers
of
the
time,
with
the
routes
network
reaching
as
far
as
the
Roman
Empire.
Economic
activities
along
the
routes
network
were
not
limited
to
trade
in
silk.
They
contributed
many
other
items
to
the
marketplace
of
goods.
The
routes
were
busy
with
camels
carrying
loads
of
goods
and
businessmen
selling
everything
imaginable.
China’s
exports
included
silk,
porcelain,
ironware
and
tea,
while
horses,
jewellery,
spices
and
grapes
were
all
imported
over
vast
distances
from
the
West.
In
addition
to
trade
exchange,
the
network
served
as
a
bridge
for
cultural
exchange
which
shaped
the
evolution
of
science,
art,
technology
and
many
other
areas
in
societies
along
the
network.
Astronomy
and
mathematics
were
introduced
to
China
from
India
and
Arabia;
important
Chinese
inventions
such
as
papermaking
and
printing
were
brought
to
the
West.
All
of
these
activities
contributed
to
a
great
age
of
expansion
as
trade
and
cultural
exchanges
gave
people
access
to
new
goods
knowledge
and
ideas.
These
routes
connected
Eastern
and
Western
civilizations,
which
achieved
a
shared
development.
The
addition
of
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
to
the
UNESCO
World
Heritage
List
is
a
milestone
in
recognition
of
the
Silk
Roads
as
a
crucial
part
of
humanity’s
common
heritage.
31.
The
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is________.
A.
the
Mediterranean
B.
Xi’an,
in
Shanxi
Province
C.
Kazakhstan
and
Kyrgyzstan
D.
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
32.
The
underlined
word
“stretches”
in
Paragraph
1
is
close
in
meaning
to________.
A.
stands
B.
spreads
C.
moves
D.
flies
33.
Zhang
Qian
travelled
from
Chang’an
to
Central
Asia
to________.
A.
export
silk,
porcelain,
ironware
and
tea
B.
purchase
horses,
jewellery,
spices
and
grapes
C.
seek
help
from
the
most
powerful
western
countries
D.
build
bridges
between
his
country
and
other
countries
34.
What
was
the
role
of
the
Silk
Roads
according
to
the
passage?
A.
It
helped
to
change
the
wild
deserts
to
grasslands.
B.
It
was
recognized
by
the
UNESCO
as
China’s
heritage.
C.
It
speeded
up
the
development
of
the
countries
involved.
D.
It
started
a
trade
competition
between
countries
along
the
way.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
Study
More
Effectively
No
matter
whether
you
are
preparing
for
some
specific
course,
a
professional
degree,
or
an
entrance
exam,
it’s
important
to
maximize
study
time
and
improve
the
efficiency
of
study.
____35____
You
can
use
a
calendar,
an
app,
or
a
pinboard
time
table
to
draft
a
schedule
that
works
best
for
you.
Include
the
study
time,
sleep,
and
the
socializing
time
in
the
schedule.
Make
sure
you
give
yourself
more
time
than
you
think
you
need,
especially
if
it’s
a
subject
you
struggle
with.
You
can
also
cut
your
study
time
into
short
sessions.
Your
most
productive
studying
typically
occurs
within
the
first
25
to
30
minutes
of
hitting
books,
so
try
to
study
in
30
minutes,
and
take
a
5—10
minute
break,
so
that
you
are
able
to
absorb
and
consolidate
the
information.
____36____
Studying
isn’t
only
spending
hours
and
hours
on
list
of
what
you
think
will
be
on
an
exam
or
quiz.
____37____
This
can
be
done
through
a
six-step
approach:
remembering,
understanding,
applying,
analyzing,
evaluating
and
creating.
You
should
focus
on
a
method
that
will
help
you
achieve
a
higher
level
of
learning.
The
higher
levels
of
learning
focus
on
asking
questions
such
as
what
if,
how
and
why
rather
than
where,
what
and
who.
____38____
Research
shows
that
being
tested
is
not
only
useful
in
evaluating
how
well
you
have
learned
something
but
also
valuable
for
avoiding
future
mistakes.
Answering
questions
unsuccessfully
can
help
you
understand
concepts
better.
If
your
professor
offers
you
practice
exams,
take
them
home
and
learn
from
them.
Understand
why
you
got
certain
questions
wrong
and
others
right.
____39____
Force
each
other
to
expand
answers
in
order
to
understand
the
material
better.
Following
the
suggestions
to
study
more
effectively
will
mean
shorter
and
more
efficient
study
sessions,
and
eventually,
better
grades!
A.
You
can
quiz
yourself
whenever
possible.
B.
Effective
studying
starts
with
the
right
attitude.
C.
It
is
important
to
study
in
a
smart
way
and
go
the
extra
mile.
D.
Study
with
friends
or
classmates
and
question
each
other
on
the
material.
E.
You
are
more
likely
to
do
well
before
a
quiz
when
you
have
time
to
review.
F.
Creating
a
schedule
is
the
first
and
most
important
thing
to
maximize
your
study
time.
G.
This
is
why
a
certain
balance
should
be
made
and
studying
time
should
be
cut
into
shorter
sessions.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节,
32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Can
Neutrality
Really
Be
Achieved?
With
the
European
Climate
Law,
the
EU
will
achieve
carbon
neutrality
(碳中和)
by
2050.
What
would
that
mean
in
practice?
Climate
change
is
already
affecting
the
entire
world,
with
extreme
weather
conditions
such
as
drought,
heat
waves,
heavy
rain,
floods
and
landslides
becoming
more
frequent.
Other
consequences
of
the
rapidly
changing
climate
include
rising
sea
levels,
ocean
acidification
and
loss
of
biodiversity.
Greenhouse
gases
like
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide,
which
in
turn
contribute
to
rising
sea
levels,
changing
weather
patterns
and
other
factors
associated
with
climate
change.
In
order
to
limit
global
warming,
carbon
neutrality
is
very
important.
Being
“carbon
neutral”
means
that
you
emit
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere
that
you
offset
(抵消)
by
some
other
means.
Achieving
carbon
neutrality
means
that
your
carbon
dioxide
output
has
no
impact
on
the
environment.
But
unless
you
rely
entirely
on
renewable
energy,
your
carbon
footprint
most
likely
isn’t
zero.
Will
your
efforts
make
a
difference?
Everything
you
do
that
produces
carbon
dioxide—from
driving
to
powering
your
home
and
more—makes
up
your
carbon
footprint.
Adding
solar
panels
to
your
home,
or
switching
to
an
electric
vehicle
are
examples
of
things
you
can
do
to
reduce
your
carbon
dioxide
output.
You
can
turn
down
the
heat.
You
can
find
tools
to
calculate
your
carbon
footprint.
You
can
also
take
steps
to
either
directly
reduce
or
indirectly
offset
the
carbon
dioxide
you
send
back
into
the
environment.
Switching
to
renewable
energy
sources
like
wind,
solar
heating
directly
reduces
your
carbon
footprint;
so
does
biking
or
walking
instead
of
driving.
Individuals
and
businesses
can
also
invest
in
carbon
offsets,
which
contribute
to
projects
that
reduce
global
carbon
emissions.
Some
examples
of
carbon
offset
projects
include
planting
trees,
wetlands
restoration
and
farmland
management.
“We
are
all
part
of
the
solution,”
wrote
U.N.
Secretary-General
Ban
Ki-moon.
“Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
are
many
steps
you
can
take
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
It
is
a
message
we
must
all
take
to
heart.”
40.
What
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide?
________________
41.
Please
paraphrase
the
underlined
sentence
in
the
fourth
paragraph
in
your
own
words.
________________
42.
Please
decide
which
part
is
false
in
the
following
statement,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
is
little
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
________________
43.
Please
state
what
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
output.
(about
40
words)
________________
第二节
书面表达（共20分）
44.
假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的李华，你从冬奥组委官方网站得知2022年2月4日到2月20日冬季奥林匹克运动会在北京和河北省张家口联合举行。目前北京冬奥组委正在招募志愿者。请你写一封信，应征冬奥会志愿者工作，内容包括：
1.
你个人信息；
2.
你的特长；
3.
你的经历或经验。
参考词汇：2022冬奥组委the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
官方网站official
website
志愿者
volunteer
注意：1.
词数100左右；
2.
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely
yours,
Li
Hua北京市房山区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试
英
语
本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分
知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,
共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everybody
knows
I
like
new
experiences.
My
uncle
Tom
arranged
a
tandem____1____
for
my
eighteenth
birthday.
I
was
excited
and
expected
____2____
to
have
several
weeks
to
research
skydiving
online,
but
then
I
got
a
call
from
the
skydiving
company,
asking
me
to
come
the
next
day.
I
couldn’t
believe
my
____3____!
Although
we
set
off
early
to
the
airport,
we
were
15
minutes
behind
schedule
because
of
the
heavy
traffic.
The
information
and
safety
talk
was
already
over
and
that
did
____4____
me.
Instead,
I
received
a
shorter
version.
The
time
of
each
person’s
skydive
depended
on
the
time
they’d
registered
so
for
me
that
meant
a
long
wait.
I
watched
the
first
group
of
skydivers
____5____,
which
was
helpful.
Twenty
minutes
later,
I
suddenly
became
uneasy
when
the
first
pair
of
skydivers
____6____
in
the
sky.
My
name
was
finally
called.
I
pulled
my
____7____
on
and
was
introduced
to
my
instructor.
We
walked
towards
the
plane.
The
noise
the
plane
made
was
enough
to
____8____
even
the
most
relaxed
flyer.
However,
once
my
instructor
had
double
checked
our
equipment,
my
fear
disappeared.
When
we
reached
the
required
height,
the
door
opened
and
we
moved
towards
it.
Sitting
in
the
doorway
of
the
plane
was
probably
the
____9____
moment.
Then
we
moved
forwards
until
we
fell
out.
I
was
aware
of
the
cold
wind
on
my
face
and
could
see
incredible
views
around
me.
My
instructor
opened
our
parachute,
and
we
went
suddenly
from
free
falling
to
slowly
floating
back
down
to
the
ground.
It
was
a
fantastic
_____10_____
that
I’ll
never
forget.
1.
A.
hike
B.
training
C.
skydive
D.
skateboarding
2.
A.
nervously
B.
anxiously
C.
patiently
D.
happily
3.
A.
luck
B.
creativity
C.
courage
D.
charm
4.
A.
help
B.
bother
C.
touch
D.
attract
5.
A.
talking
B.
competing
C.
preparing
D.
arriving
6.
A.
rose
B.
hung
C.
danced
D.
appeared
7.
A.
jumpsuit
B.
spacesuit
C.
swimwear
D.
sportswear
8.
A.
injure
B.
worry
C.
comfort
D.
impress
9.
A.
scariest
B.
calmest
C.
saddest
D.
biggest
10.
A.
trip
B.
party
C.
experience
D.
vacation
【答案】1.
C
2.
D
3.
A
4.
B
5.
C
6.
D
7.
A
8.
B
9.
A
10.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。叔叔汤姆为作者18岁生日安排了双人跳伞，文章讲述了作者整个跳伞的过程和作者在其中的心理活动。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我叔叔汤姆为我18岁生日安排了双人跳伞。A.
hike远足；B.
training训练；C.
skydive跳伞；D.
skateboarding滑板。呼应后文“call
from
the
skydiving
company”叔叔安排的是双人跳伞活动。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，很高兴能有几周的时间在网上研究跳伞，但是我接到了跳伞公司的电话，让我第二天去。A.
nervously紧张地；B.
anxiously焦急地；C.
patiently耐心地；D.
happily快乐地。根据上文“I
was
excited
and
expected”可知作者对能去跳伞感到兴奋和开心。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信我的运气！A.
luck运气；B.
creativity创造力；C.
courage勇气；D.
charm魅力。根据上文“have
several
weeks
to
research
skydiving
online,
but
then
I
got
a
call
from
the
skydiving
company,
asking
me
to
come
the
next
day.”可知作者以为要等好几周，结果第二天跳伞公司就让作者去，所以作者觉得自己运气很好。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于信息和安全的谈话已经结束了，这确实困扰着我。A.
help帮助；B.
bother打扰，困扰；C.
touch接触；D.
attract吸引。根据后文“Instead,
I
received
a
shorter
version.”可知，作者得到了关于跳伞安全的简短信息介绍，可见之前的谈话让作者困扰。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我观看了第一组跳伞运动员的准备工作，这对我很有帮助。A.
talking谈话；B.
competing竞争；C.
preparing准备；D.
arriving到达。根据上文“I
watched
the
first
group
of
skydivers”可知作者在等待时观看了第一组跳伞人员的准备工作，prepare符合语境。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：20分钟后，当第一对跳伞运动员出现在天空时，我突然感到不安。A.
rose上升；B.
hung悬挂；C.
danced跳舞；D.
appeared出现。根据后文“in
the
sky”指第一对跳伞运动员出现在天空。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿上跳伞装，被介绍给我的老师。A.
jumpsuit跳伞装；B.
spacesuit航天服；C.
swimwear泳衣；D.
sportswear运动装。根据上文可知，作者是去跳伞的，因此是穿上跳伞装。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机发出的噪音足以使最放松的飞行员担心。A.
injure伤害；B.
worry担心；C.
comfort安慰；D.
impress使印象深刻。根据前后文语境“The
noise
the
plane
made
was
enough
to
…even
the
most
relaxed
flyer”可知，面对飞机发出的噪音，即使是最放松的飞行员也会担心。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在飞机的门口可能是最可怕的时刻。A.
scariest最可怕的；B.
calmest最平静的；C.
saddest最悲伤的；D.
biggest最大的。根据上文“Sitting
in
the
doorway
of
the
plane
was
probably
the”可知坐在了飞机的门口是跳伞中最可怕的时刻，故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次奇妙的经历，我永远不会忘记。A.
trip旅行；B.
party聚会；C.
experience经历；D.
vacation假期。根据第一段中“Everybody
knows
I
like
new
experiences.”以及后文“that
I’ll
never
forget”可知这次跳伞经历作者永远不会忘记。故选C。
第二节　语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,
共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Cunningham
was
a
world-famous
fashion
photographer.
But
he
led
a
simple
life.
He
lived
in
a
small
apartment.
A
simple
restaurant
was
the
place
____11____
he
usually
had
the
same
meal.
He
always
used
cheap
cameras
and
all
his
pictures
____12____
(take)
on
the
streets
of
New
York.
Cunningham
liked
to
photograph
ordinary
people
in
poor
areas.
He
found
inspiration
in
everyday
scenes.
These
things
were
real,
and
it
was
within
their
reality
that
he
saw
both
____13____
(beautiful)
and
potential.
【答案】11.
where
12.
were
taken
13.
beauty
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界著名的时尚摄影师Cunningham。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一个简单的餐馆是他通常吃同一餐的地方。句中先行词为the
place，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【12题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：他总是用便宜的相机，他所有的照片都是在纽约的街道上拍的。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语all
his
pictures与take之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were
taken。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些东西都是真实的，正是在它们的真实中，他看到了美和潜力。根据连词and后名词potential可知，这里用名词形式，作动词saw的宾语。故填beauty。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since
the
1960s,
we
have
been
sending
unmanned
spacecraft
to
Mars.
Our
probes
have
travelled
around
the
planet,
____14____
(send)
back
valuable
data
and
images.
Our
robots
____15____
(explore)
the
Martian
surface
several
times,
testing
the
soil
and
searching
for
resource,
water
and
signs
of
life.
____16____
(encourage)
by
discoveries
over
the
years,
space
agencies
of
various
countries
are
planning
manned
missions
to
Mars.
China
____17____
(land)
its
rover
(漫游车)
on
Mars
successfully
on
May
15th,
2021,
becoming
the
second
country
to
have
a
rover
on
it.
【答案】14.
sending
15.
have
explored
16.
Encouraged
17.
landed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自20世纪60年代以来，我们一直在向火星发射无人飞船。
我们的探测器环绕地球飞行，发回有价值的数据和图像。我们的机器人已经多次探索火星表面，测试土壤，寻找资源、水和生命迹象。
受到多年来的发现的鼓舞，各国的太空机构正在计划载人前往火星的任务。
2021年5月15日，中国探测器成功登陆火星，成为第二个拥有探测器的国家。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的探测器环绕地球飞行，发回有价值的数据和图像。分析句子结构可知，send在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语probes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填sending。
【15题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们的机器人已经多次探索火星表面，测试土壤，寻找资源、水和生命迹象。根据后文several
times可知，应用现在完成时，主语为robots，助动词用have。故填have
explored。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受到多年来的发现的鼓舞，各国的太空机构正在计划载人前往火星的任务。分析句子结构可知，encourage在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语space
agencies
of
various
countries构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Encouraged。
【17题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2021年5月15日，中国探测器成功登陆火星，成为第二个拥有探测器的国家。根据后文on
May
15th可知，应用一般过去时。故填landed。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The
faces
some
people
show
to
the
world
might
be
completely
different
to
their
real
personalities.
Most
comedians
have
sweet
smiles
on
their
faces
and
always
sound
cheerful
because
that’s
the
nature
of
their
work.
Judging
____18____
the
faces,
we
are
not
likely
to
know
what
their
true
feelings
are.
They
might
be
crying
on
the
inside
____19____
they
might
be
laughing
on
the
outside.
How
others
are
feeling
is
not
something
that
we
should
make
assumptions
about,
because
it’s
not
always
obvious
who
is
____20____
(true)
happy.
【答案】18.
from
19.
although##though
20.
truly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有些人向世界展示的脸可能与他们真实的性格完全不同。从人们的表情来判断的话，我们不太可能知道他们的真实感受是什么。我们不应该对别人的感受做出假设，因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：从他们的表情判断，我们不太可能知道他们的真实感受是什么。结合句意表示“从……判断”可知短语为judge
from。故填from。
【19题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：他们可能在外面笑，然而内心却在哭泣。引导让步状语从句，表示“然而”应用although或though引导。故填although/though。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们不应该对别人的感受做出假设，因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。修饰后文形容词happy，应用副词truly，作状语。故填truly。
第二部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Courtyard
Stay
with
Your
Dogs
As
autumn
approaches,
we
are
inviting
you
to
join
us
on
our
August
dog
event—Courtyard
Stay
with
Yoga
&
Hike
from
August
21st
to
August
22nd
near
Qinglong
Lake
in
Fangshan
district.
This
event
will
continue
to
raise
fund
for
our
Pre-treatment
Guidance
Project
(PGP).
Check
out
our
full
itinerary
below:
Day
1:
Saturday,
August
21st
At
9
am
in
the
morning,
you
will
be
picked
up
by
car
or
bus
and
head
to
Fangshan
district.
We
have
arranged
a
private
courtyard
house
for
a
comfortable
stay
for
the
Saturday
night.
We
will
enjoy
some
local
dishes
for
lunch,
while
enjoying
the
peaceful
views
of
the
Qinglong
Lake.
After
lunch,
we
will
go
together
for
a
light
hike
to
the
nearby
mountain
and
water
tracks
with
our
dogs.
For
dinner,
enjoy
the
coziest,
home-style
BBQ
with
both
vegetable
and
meat
options.
Day
2:
Sunday,
August
22nd
After
breakfast,
we
will
join
a
yoga
teacher
for
a
deeply
relaxing
yoga
session,
with
the
company
of
the
morning
sun.
You
can
choose
to
hike
a
bit
more
afterwards
in
the
forest
park.
We
will
be
checking
out
around
4
pm
in
the
afternoon,
returning
to
our
homes.
Reservation:
Please
add
our
event
manager,
Diana,
on
Wechat
to
reserve
a
spot
for
yourself
and
your
dog,
a
full
payment
will
be
required
upon
signing
up.
If
you
don’t
have
a
dog
but
would
still
like
to
hang
out
with
dogs,
you
are
more
than
welcome
to
join
too!
Pricing:
Early
Bird
Fee:
1400
RMB
per
human
for
the
first
four
participants
only
before
7th
August.
Children
Price:
800
RMB
(4—13
years
old).
Full
Price:
1600
RMB
per
human.
All
surplus
funds
and
donations
will
go
to
our
Pre-treatment
Guidance
Program.
Please
bring
your
ID,
your
dog’s
ID
and
vaccine
proof?for
any
potential
security
check.
We
can’t
wait
to
see
you
soon！
21.
Who
would
be
most
interested
in
the
weekend
activity?
A.
Taxi
drivers.
B.
Yoga
coaches.
C.
Pet
dog
owners.
D.
The
PGP
members.
22.
According
to
the
itinerary,
on
August
22nd,
you
can
________.
A.
join
a
teacher
to
do
some
yoga
B.
have
some
local
dishes
for
lunch
C.
enjoy
the
coziest,
home-style
BBQ
D.
go
together
for
a
hike
to
the
water
tracks
23.
The
purpose
of
the
countryside
stay
activity
is
to________.
A.
promote
the
Qinglong
Lake
B.
raise
fund
for
a
public
project
C.
teach
skills
of
BBQ
and
keeping
dogs
D.
provide
access
to
dogs
for
people
without
pets
【答案】21.
C
22.
A
23.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个周末的狗狗活动，介绍了活动内容安排和价格等信息。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As
autumn
approaches,
we
are
inviting
you
to
join
us
on
our
August
dog
event—Courtyard
Stay
with
Yoga
&
Hike
from
August
21st
to
August
22nd
near
Qinglong
Lake
in
Fangshan
district.(随着秋季的临近，我们诚邀您参加8月21日至22日在房山区青龙湖附近举办的狗狗活动——“Yoga
&
Hike”)”可推知，宠物狗的主人会对周末活动最感兴趣。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day
2:
Sunday,
August
22nd部分中“After
breakfast,
we
will
join
a
yoga
teacher
for
a
deeply
relaxing
yoga
session,
with
the
company
of
the
morning
sun.(早餐后，在晨曦的陪伴下，我们将与瑜伽老师一起进行一场深度放松的瑜伽课程)”可知，根据行程，8月22日，你可以和老师一起做瑜伽。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This
event
will
continue
to
raise
fund
for
our
Pre-treatment
Guidance
Project
(PGP).
(本次活动将继续为我们的预处理指导项目筹集资金)”可知，这一农村活动的目的是为公共项目筹集资金。故选B。
B
A
Lifelong
Devotion
to
Keeping
People
Fed
Yuan
Longping
is
a
Chinese
agricultural
scientist
and
educator,
known
for
developing
the
hybrid
rice
varieties.
Yuan
graduated
from
the
Southwest
Agriculture
Institute
in
1953
and
began
his
teaching
career
at
an
agriculture
school.
In
the
1960s,
when
a
serious
food
shortage
swept
China,
Yuan
decided
to
devote
himself
to
studying
how
to
increase
the
yields
of
rice.
He
then
began
a
lifelong
connection
with
rice.
Yuan
succeeded
in
growing
the
world’s
first
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
1973,
which
could
reach
a
yield
of
over
500
kg
per
mu
(about
0.067
hectares),
rising
from
the
previous
yield
of
only
300
kg
per
mu.
For
the
next
four
decades,
he
continued
to
work
on
research
and
development
of
hybrid
rice,
achieving
increasingly
higher
outputs.
In
2020,
hybrid
rice
developed
by
Yuan’s
team
achieved
1,500
kilograms
per
mu
in
two
growing
seasons,
a
new
world
record.
In
China,
where
rice
is
the
main
food
for
the
majority
of
the
1.4
billion
people,
the
planting
area
of
hybrid
rice
has
reached
16
million
hectares,
or
57
%
of
the
total
planting
area
of
rice,
helping
feed
an
extra
80
million
people
a
year.
Hybrid
rice
has
also
been
grown
in
over
40
countries,
including
the
U.S.,
Brazil,
India,
Vietnam,
the
Philippines
and
Madagascar.
The
total
planting
area
of
the
hybrid
rice
has
reached
8
million
hectares
overseas.
Even
after
a
great
success,
Yuan
never
held
himself
back
from
making
new
breakthroughs.
In
2017,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
in
Qingdao.
The
rice
was
designed
to
grow
in
saline-alkaline
land
and
survive
even
after
being
completely
in
seawater.
His
team
planned
to
develop
a
type
of
seawater
rice
that
could
be
planted
in
6.67
million
hectares
of
saline-alkaline
land
across
China
to
boost
the
country’s
rice
harvest
by
about
20
%.
In
2018,
Yuan’s
team
was
invited
to
plant
the
saline-alkaline
tolerant
rice
in
experimental
fields
in
Dubai,
which
achieved
huge
success.
In
June
2020,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
on
a
farm
at
an
altitude
of
2,800
meters
in
northwest
China’s
Qinghai
Province.
The
experiment
succeeded.
Yuan
had
two
dreams
—
to
“enjoy
the
cool
under
the
rice
crops
taller
than
men”
and
that
hybrid
rice
could
be
grown
all
over
the
world
to
help
solve
the
global
food
shortage.
24.
What
made
Yuan
Longping
decide
to
study
rice?
A.
A
serious
food
shortage.
B.
Agriculture
development.
C.
His
interest
in
the
rice
experiment.
D.
His
wish
to
plant
the
tallest
rice
in
the
world.
25.
From
the
passage,
we
know
that
Yuan
Longping
________.
A.
developed
a
variety
of
hybrid
rice
B.
worked
as
a
scientist
after
graduation
C.
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
in
Dubai
in
2017
D.
grew
the
first
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
1953
26.
We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
Yuan
Longping’s
most
outstanding
qualities
are________.
A.
modest
and
outgoing
B.
honest
and
creative
C.
generous
and
optimistic
D.
responsible
and
devoted
【答案】24.
A
25.
A
26.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国农业科学家和教育家，以培育杂交水稻品种而闻名的袁隆平的个人经历以及所做出的突出贡献。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In
the
1960s,
when
a
serious
food
shortage
swept
China,
Yuan
decided
to
devote
himself
to
studying
how
to
increase
the
yields
of
rice.”(
20世纪60年代，当一场严重的粮食短缺席卷中国时，袁隆平决定致力于研究如何提高水稻产量)可知，严重的食物短缺让袁隆平决定研究水稻。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Even
after
a
great
success,
Yuan
never
held
himself
back
from
making
new
breakthroughs.
In
2017,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
in
Qingdao.
The
rice
was
designed
to
grow
in
saline-alkaline
land
and
survive
even
after
being
completely
in
seawater.
His
team
planned
to
develop
a
type
of
seawater
rice
that
could
be
planted
in
6.67
million
hectares
of
saline-alkaline
land
across
China
to
boost
the
country’s
rice
harvest
by
about
20
%.
In
2018,
Yuan’s
team
was
invited
to
plant
the
saline-alkaline
tolerant
rice
in
experimental
fields
in
Dubai,
which
achieved
huge
success.
In
June
2020,
his
team
started
to
grow
seawater
rice
on
a
farm
at
an
altitude
of
2,800
meters
in
northwest
China’s
Qinghai
Province.
The
experiment
succeeded.”(即使取得了巨大的成功，袁隆平也没有放弃新的突破。2017年，他的团队开始在青岛种植海水水稻。这种水稻可以在盐碱地中生长，即使完全浸泡在海水中也能存活。他的团队计划开发一种海水水稻，这种水稻可以在全国667万公顷的盐碱地上种植，从而使中国的水稻产量提高约20%。
2018年，袁隆平的团队受邀在迪拜的试验田种植耐盐碱水稻，取得了巨大成功。
2020年6月，他的团队开始在中国西北部青海省海拔2800米的一个农场种植海水水稻。实验成功了)可知，袁隆平培育了各种各样的杂交水稻。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Yuan
succeeded
in
growing
the
world’s
first
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
1973,
which
could
reach
a
yield
of
over
500
kg
per
mu
(about
0.067
hectares),
rising
from
the
previous
yield
of
only
300
kg
per
mu.
For
the
next
four
decades,
he
continued
to
work
on
research
and
development
of
hybrid
rice,
achieving
increasingly
higher
outputs.
In
2020,
hybrid
rice
developed
by
Yuan’s
team
achieved
1,500
kilograms
per
mu
in
two
growing
seasons,
a
new
world
record.”(1973年，袁成功培育出了世界上首批高产杂交水稻品种，每亩产量超过500公斤（约0.067公顷），而此前每亩产量只有300公斤。在接下来的40年里，他继续研究和开发杂交水稻，取得了越来越高的产量。2020年，袁隆平团队培育的杂交水稻在两个生长季节内亩产达到1500公斤，创造了新的世界纪录)以及最后一段“Yuan
had
two
dreams
—
to
“enjoy
the
cool
under
the
rice
crops
taller
than
men”
and
that
hybrid
rice
could
be
grown
all
over
the
world
to
help
solve
the
global
food
shortage.
(袁隆平有两个梦想——“享受比人高的水稻作物下的凉爽”，以及杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，以帮助解决全球粮食短缺)”可知，袁隆平长年致力于杂交水稻的培育，且梦想帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题，可见他最突出的品质是负责任和献身精神。故选D。
C
In
this
day
and
age,
there
seems
to
be
a
move
towards
secondary
school
subjects.
For
that
reason,
some
parents
and
some
students
feel
that
the
compulsory
study
of
English
literature
is
misguided
and
disadvantageous
to
students,
particularly
if
they
are
second
language
learners
of
English.
However,
there
are
still
good
reasons
for
the
study
of
English
literature.
Students
of
English
language
sometimes
fail
to
see
the
point
of
studying
English
literature
especially
if
they
have
no
plans
to
study
English
or
translation
at
university.
But
English
literature
can
introduce
students
to
a
range
of
aspects,
not
only
of
the
English
language
but
also
the
culture
of
English-speaking
countries.
There
are
aspects
of
English
culture
that
are
summarised
by
English
literature.
Of
course,
this
is
quite
obvious
when
studying
the
works
of
Shakespeare
or
of
writers,
poets
and
playwrights
of
the
eighteenth
and
nineteenth
centuries.
It
is,
however,
also
true
when
studying
other
works
of
English
literature.
Students
can
learn
about
good
stories
and
references
to
different
aspects
of
English
culture.
They
can
also
learn
the
context
and
meanings
of
famous
quotes
and
phrases.
Studying
literature
does
not
confine
the
students
to
the
traditions
of
England
but
includes
the
possibility
of
introducing
them
to
traditions
which
inform
English
literature,
such
as
the
study
of
Ancient
Greek
drama,
and
to
literature
in
other
contexts,
such
as
American
literature.
An
enjoyment
and
appreciation
of
literature
will
give
students
the
ability
to
develop
this
into
an
interest
in
books
and
reading
as
they
move
away
from
their
studies
and
into
the
adult
lives.
They
will
have
the
confidence
to
approach
and
cope
with
new
forms
of
books
and
writing,
since
they
were
exposed
to
a
range
of
literature
during
their
school
days.
When
studying
literature,
students
can
learn
not
only
language
aspects
such
as
vocabulary
items
but
also
the
language
aspects
which
can
be
used
for
specific
purposes.
For
example,
if
the
students
are
familiar
with
the
concepts
of
beat
and
rhythm
of
English
poems,
they
can
improve
their
own
writing
as
they
are
able
to
appreciate
and
apply
these
ideas.
Finally,
the
study
of
literature
can
provide
students
with
a
fresh
and
creative
angle,
from
which
the
students
can
approach
their
studies
in
particular
and
their
lives
in
general.
So
the
next
time
you
are
reading
a
newspaper
article
complaining
of
the
lack
of
creativity
and
initiative
in
the
local
workforce,
remember
that
in
a
small
way
the
study
of
English
literature
can
help
to
add
a
refreshing
and
further
dimension
to
a
person’s
life.
27.
The
author
may
agree
that
the
study
of
English
literature________.
A.
has
a
long-lasting
influence
on
students
B.
is
misguided
and
has
more
disadvantages
C.
is
not
necessary
for
second
language
learners
D.
only
allows
the
students
to
learn
the
traditions
of
England
28.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________.
A
schools
fail
to
care
about
students’
needs
B.
learning
English
literature
makes
students
smarter
C.
English
culture
is
closely
related
to
English
literature
D.
the
more
you
read
literary
works,
the
more
you
complain
29.
What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
study
of
English
literature?
A.
Critical.
B.
Cautious.
C.
Supportive.
D.
Anxious.
30.
What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Parents
and
Students’
Demands
B.
Why
We
Learn
English
Literature
C.
English
Culture
and
English
Literature
D.
Suitable
Courses
for
Secondary
Schools
【答案】27.
A
28.
C
29.
C
30.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学习英国文学的一些理由，列举了如英国文学可以概括英国文化的许多方面、学习文学可以向学生介绍英国文学传统、学习英国文学对学生有长期的影响以及为学生提供一个新鲜和创造性的角度等理由。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“An
enjoyment
and
appreciation
of
literature
will
give
students
the
ability
to
develop
this
into
an
interest
in
books
and
reading
as
they
move
away
from
their
studies
and
into
the
adult
lives.(对文学的喜欢和欣赏将使学生有能力在他们离开学业进入成年生活时，把这种兴趣发展成对书籍和阅读的兴趣)”可知，作者可能会同意“学习英国文学对学生有长期的影响”的观点。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But
English
literature
can
introduce
students
to
a
range
of
aspects,
not
only
of
the
English
language
but
also
the
culture
of
English-speaking
countries.(
但英语文学不仅可以介绍英语语言的方方面面，还可以介绍英语国家的文化)”以及第三段中“There
are
aspects
of
English
culture
that
are
summarised
by
English
literature.
(英国文学可以概括英国文化的许多方面)”可知，英国文化与英国文学密切相关。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Finally,
the
study
of
literature
can
provide
students
with
a
fresh
and
creative
angle,
from
which
the
students
can
approach
their
studies
in
particular
and
their
lives
in
general.(最后，文学的研究可以为学生提供一个新鲜和创造性的角度，学生一般从中可以接近他们的研究特别是他们的生活)”可推知，作者对英国文学研究持支持态度。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In
this
day
and
age,
there
seems
to
be
a
move
towards
secondary
school
subjects.
For
that
reason,
some
parents
and
some
students
feel
that
the
compulsory
study
of
English
literature
is
misguided
and
disadvantageous
to
students,
particularly
if
they
are
second
language
learners
of
English.
However,
there
are
still
good
reasons
for
the
study
of
English
literature.(在这个时代，似乎有一种向中学学科发展的趋势。因此，一些家长和学生认为，强制性学习英语文学是一种误导，对学生是不利的，特别是如果他们是英语的第二语言学习者。然而，对英国文学的研究仍然有很好的理由)”以及结合文章主要说明了学习英国文学的一些理由，列举了如英国文学可以概括英国文化的许多方面、学习文学可以向学生介绍英国文学传统、学习英国文学对学生有长期的影响以及为学生提供一个新鲜和创造性的角度等理由。可知，B选项“为什么我们要学习英国文学”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Following
the
Famous
Silk
Roads
The
Silk
Roads
were
a
network
of
ancient
trade
routes
that
extended
from
East
Asia
all
the
way
to
the
Mediterranean.
A
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor（走廊）,
which
stretches
over
a
distance
of
around
5,000
kilometres
through
China,
Kazakhstan
and
Kyrgyzstan,
covering
a
total
of
8,700
kilometres
of
trade
routes.
The
three
countries
jointly
pursued
an
application
for
UNESCO
World
Heritage
(遗产)
status
which
contained
detailed
research
on
the
33
sites
along
the
corridor.
This
made
history
as
the
first
successful
multinational
World
Heritage
application.
The
starting
point
of
the
corridor
and
the
entire
Silk
Roads
network
is
Xi’an,
in
Shanxi
Province.
Further
west
on
the
Silk
Roads,
the
geography
gradually
changes
from
wild
deserts
to
high,
snow-capped
mountains
to
vast
grasslands
as
the
routes
pass
through
the
Tianshan
Mountains
and
emerge
in
the
valleys
of
Central
Asia.
Although
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
of
the
Silk
Roads
ends
here,
the
network
continues
westwards
until
it
reaches
the
Mediterranean.
The
corridor
began
to
develop
in
the
2nd
century.
Assigned
by
the
emperor,
the
ambassador
Zhang
Qian
journeyed
from
Chang’an
to
Central
Asia,
seeking
to
build
bridges
between
the
Han
Dynasty
and
the
Western
Regions.
Following
Zhang’s
efforts,
trade
routes
took
shape
and
relationships
were
strengthened
between
the
major
powers
of
the
time,
with
the
routes
network
reaching
as
far
as
the
Roman
Empire.
Economic
activities
along
the
routes
network
were
not
limited
to
trade
in
silk.
They
contributed
many
other
items
to
the
marketplace
of
goods.
The
routes
were
busy
with
camels
carrying
loads
of
goods
and
businessmen
selling
everything
imaginable.
China’s
exports
included
silk,
porcelain,
ironware
and
tea,
while
horses,
jewellery,
spices
and
grapes
were
all
imported
over
vast
distances
from
the
West.
In
addition
to
trade
exchange,
the
network
served
as
a
bridge
for
cultural
exchange
which
shaped
the
evolution
of
science,
art,
technology
and
many
other
areas
in
societies
along
the
network.
Astronomy
and
mathematics
were
introduced
to
China
from
India
and
Arabia;
important
Chinese
inventions
such
as
papermaking
and
printing
were
brought
to
the
West.
All
of
these
activities
contributed
to
a
great
age
of
expansion
as
trade
and
cultural
exchanges
gave
people
access
to
new
goods
knowledge
and
ideas.
These
routes
connected
Eastern
and
Western
civilizations,
which
achieved
a
shared
development.
The
addition
of
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
to
the
UNESCO
World
Heritage
List
is
a
milestone
in
recognition
of
the
Silk
Roads
as
a
crucial
part
of
humanity’s
common
heritage.
31.
The
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is________.
A.
the
Mediterranean
B.
Xi’an,
in
Shanxi
Province
C.
Kazakhstan
and
Kyrgyzstan
D.
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor
32.
The
underlined
word
“stretches”
in
Paragraph
1
is
close
in
meaning
to________.
A.
stands
B.
spreads
C.
moves
D.
flies
33.
Zhang
Qian
travelled
from
Chang’an
to
Central
Asia
to________.
A.
export
silk,
porcelain,
ironware
and
tea
B.
purchase
horses,
jewellery,
spices
and
grapes
C.
seek
help
from
the
most
powerful
western
countries
D.
build
bridges
between
his
country
and
other
countries
34.
What
was
the
role
of
the
Silk
Roads
according
to
the
passage?
A.
It
helped
to
change
the
wild
deserts
to
grasslands.
B.
It
was
recognized
by
the
UNESCO
as
China’s
heritage.
C.
It
speeded
up
the
development
of
the
countries
involved.
D.
It
started
a
trade
competition
between
countries
along
the
way.
【答案】31.
D
32.
B
33.
D
34.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界文化遗产“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路不仅是中国与其他国家的商贸之路，同时也是文化、科技的交流之路。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第一段提到“A
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor…”可知，丝绸之路的重要组成部分是长安——天山走廊。故选D。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“A
key
section
of
the
Silk
Roads
is
the
Chang’an-Tianshan
corridor”和下文“over
a
distance
of
around
5,000
kilometres
through
China,
Kazakhstan
and
Kyrgyzstan,
covering
a
total
of
8,700
kilometres
of
trade
routes.”可知，丝绸之路的重要组成部分是长安—天山走廊，这是一条大约5000公里的贸易路线，由此判断这条贸易路线应是由长安延伸到哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦。即划线词意为“延伸”，与spread同义。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中第三段最后一句“Following
Zhang’s
efforts,
trade
routes
took
shape
and
relationships
were
strengthened
between
the
major
powers
of
the
time,
with
the
routes
network
reaching
as
far
as
the
Roman
Empire.”可知，在张骞的努力下，贸易路线逐渐形成，并加强了当时各大国之间的联系。由此判断，张骞出使西域并不只单纯地出口货物，而是寻求大国之间的交流合作。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In
addition
to
trade
exchange,
the
network
served
as
a
bridge
for
cultural
exchange
which
shaped
the
evolution
of
science,
art,
technology
and
many
other
areas
in
societies
along
the
network.
Astronomy
and
mathematics
were
introduced
to
China
from
India
and
Arabia;
important
Chinese
inventions
such
as
papermaking
and
printing
were
brought
to
the
West.（除了贸易交流之外，网络还是文化交流的桥梁，它塑造了网络沿线社会中科学、艺术、技术和许多其他领域的演变。天文学和数学从印度和阿拉伯传入中国；中国的造纸术和印刷术等重要发明被带到了西方）”可知，除了各国之间的贸易往来之外，丝绸之路也成为了各国之间文化、经济、艺术、科技等方面交流的桥梁，同时印度和阿拉伯的天文学和数学也传入中国。由此判断，丝绸之路加速了各国的发展。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
Study
More
Effectively
No
matter
whether
you
are
preparing
for
some
specific
course,
a
professional
degree,
or
an
entrance
exam,
it’s
important
to
maximize
study
time
and
improve
the
efficiency
of
study.
____35____
You
can
use
a
calendar,
an
app,
or
a
pinboard
time
table
to
draft
a
schedule
that
works
best
for
you.
Include
the
study
time,
sleep,
and
the
socializing
time
in
the
schedule.
Make
sure
you
give
yourself
more
time
than
you
think
you
need,
especially
if
it’s
a
subject
you
struggle
with.
You
can
also
cut
your
study
time
into
short
sessions.
Your
most
productive
studying
typically
occurs
within
the
first
25
to
30
minutes
of
hitting
books,
so
try
to
study
in
30
minutes,
and
take
a
5—10
minute
break,
so
that
you
are
able
to
absorb
and
consolidate
the
information.
____36____
Studying
isn’t
only
spending
hours
and
hours
on
list
of
what
you
think
will
be
on
an
exam
or
quiz.
____37____
This
can
be
done
through
a
six-step
approach:
remembering,
understanding,
applying,
analyzing,
evaluating
and
creating.
You
should
focus
on
a
method
that
will
help
you
achieve
a
higher
level
of
learning.
The
higher
levels
of
learning
focus
on
asking
questions
such
as
what
if,
how
and
why
rather
than
where,
what
and
who.
____38____
Research
shows
that
being
tested
is
not
only
useful
in
evaluating
how
well
you
have
learned
something
but
also
valuable
for
avoiding
future
mistakes.
Answering
questions
unsuccessfully
can
help
you
understand
concepts
better.
If
your
professor
offers
you
practice
exams,
take
them
home
and
learn
from
them.
Understand
why
you
got
certain
questions
wrong
and
others
right.
____39____
Force
each
other
to
expand
answers
in
order
to
understand
the
material
better.
Following
the
suggestions
to
study
more
effectively
will
mean
shorter
and
more
efficient
study
sessions,
and
eventually,
better
grades!
A.
You
can
quiz
yourself
whenever
possible.
B.
Effective
studying
starts
with
the
right
attitude.
C.
It
is
important
to
study
in
a
smart
way
and
go
the
extra
mile.
D.
Study
with
friends
or
classmates
and
question
each
other
on
the
material.
E.
You
are
more
likely
to
do
well
before
a
quiz
when
you
have
time
to
review.
F.
Creating
a
schedule
is
the
first
and
most
important
thing
to
maximize
your
study
time.
G.
This
is
why
a
certain
balance
should
be
made
and
studying
time
should
be
cut
into
shorter
sessions.
【答案】35.
F
36.
G
37.
C
38.
A
39.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。无论你是在准备一些特定的课程，专业学位，还是入学考试，最大限度地利用学习时间，提高学习效率都是很重要的。文章主要介绍了一些更有效学习的方法。
【35题详解】
根据后文“You
can
use
a
calendar,
an
app,
or
a
pinboard
time
table
to
draft
a
schedule
that
works
best
for
you.
Include
the
study
time,
sleep,
and
the
socializing
time
in
the
schedule.
Make
sure
you
give
yourself
more
time
than
you
think
you
need,
especially
if
it’s
a
subject
you
struggle
with.(你可以使用日历、应用程序或针板时间表来起草最适合你的时间表。包括学习时间、睡眠时间和社交时间。确保你给自己的时间比你认为自己需要的更多，尤其是当这是一个你正在努力克服的问题时)”可知，本段的建议是制定学习时间表，F选项中a
schedule对应后文中a
schedule。故F选项“制定学习计划是最大化你的学习时间的首要也是最重要的事情”符合语境，故选F。
【36题详解】
根据上文“You
can
also
cut
your
study
time
into
short
sessions.
Your
most
productive
studying
typically
occurs
within
the
first
25
to
30
minutes
of
hitting
books,
so
try
to
study
in
30
minutes,
and
take
a
5—10
minute
break,
so
that
you
are
able
to
absorb
and
consolidate
the
information.(你也可以把你的学习时间缩短。
你最有效的学习通常发生在阅读的前25
-
30分钟，所以试着在30分钟学习，休息5到10分钟，以便你能够吸收和巩固知识)”可知，上文提到的建议是缩短学习时间，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续对这一做法进行说明，G选项中be
cut
into
shorter
sessions对应上文中cut
your
study
time
into
short
sessions。故G选项“这就是为什么应该做出某种平衡，把学习时间缩短为更短的时间”符合语境，故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Studying
isn’t
only
spending
hours
and
hours
on
list
of
what
you
think
will
be
on
an
exam
or
quiz.(学习并不仅仅是花费大量时间在你认为会在考试或小测验中出现的东西上)”以及后文“This
can
be
done
through
a
six-step
approach:
remembering,
understanding,
applying,
analyzing,
evaluating
and
creating.
You
should
focus
on
a
method
that
will
help
you
achieve
a
higher
level
of
learning.
The
higher
levels
of
learning
focus
on
asking
questions
such
as
what
if,
how
and
why
rather
than
where,
what
and
who.(这可以通过六个步骤来实现：记忆、理解、应用、分析、评估和创造。你应该专注于一种能帮助你达到更高水平学习的方法。更高层次的学习侧重于问“如果”、“如何”和“为什么”等问题，而不是“在哪里”、“做什么”和“谁”)”可知，上文提到“学习并不仅仅是花费大量的时间在你认为会在考试或小测验中出现的东西上”，后文则提到了学习的六个步骤，可知本句应承接上文继续说明学习方式。故C选项“以一种聪明的方式学习并加倍努力是很重要的”符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Research
shows
that
being
tested
is
not
only
useful
in
evaluating
how
well
you
have
learned
something
but
also
valuable
for
avoiding
future
mistakes.(研究表明，接受测试不仅有助于评估你学到了什么，而且对避免未来的错误也很有价值)”可知，后文提到了接受测试的好处，可知本句是在建议测试自己，A选项中quiz对应后文中being
tested。故A选项“你可以随时测试自己”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Force
each
other
to
expand
answers
in
order
to
understand
the
material
better.(为了更好地理解材料，迫使对方展开答案)”可知，后文提到了迫使对方展开答案，可知本句是在说明后文提到的“对方”包括哪些人，D选项中question对应后文answers。故D选项“与朋友或同学一起学习，并就材料互相提问”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节,
32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Can
Neutrality
Really
Be
Achieved?
With
the
European
Climate
Law,
the
EU
will
achieve
carbon
neutrality
(碳中和)
by
2050.
What
would
that
mean
in
practice?
Climate
change
is
already
affecting
the
entire
world,
with
extreme
weather
conditions
such
as
drought,
heat
waves,
heavy
rain,
floods
and
landslides
becoming
more
frequent.
Other
consequences
of
the
rapidly
changing
climate
include
rising
sea
levels,
ocean
acidification
and
loss
of
biodiversity.
Greenhouse
gases
like
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide,
which
in
turn
contribute
to
rising
sea
levels,
changing
weather
patterns
and
other
factors
associated
with
climate
change.
In
order
to
limit
global
warming,
carbon
neutrality
is
very
important.
Being
“carbon
neutral”
means
that
you
emit
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere
that
you
offset
(抵消)
by
some
other
means.
Achieving
carbon
neutrality
means
that
your
carbon
dioxide
output
has
no
impact
on
the
environment.
But
unless
you
rely
entirely
on
renewable
energy,
your
carbon
footprint
most
likely
isn’t
zero.
Will
your
efforts
make
a
difference?
Everything
you
do
that
produces
carbon
dioxide—from
driving
to
powering
your
home
and
more—makes
up
your
carbon
footprint.
Adding
solar
panels
to
your
home,
or
switching
to
an
electric
vehicle
are
examples
of
things
you
can
do
to
reduce
your
carbon
dioxide
output.
You
can
turn
down
the
heat.
You
can
find
tools
to
calculate
your
carbon
footprint.
You
can
also
take
steps
to
either
directly
reduce
or
indirectly
offset
the
carbon
dioxide
you
send
back
into
the
environment.
Switching
to
renewable
energy
sources
like
wind,
solar
heating
directly
reduces
your
carbon
footprint;
so
does
biking
or
walking
instead
of
driving.
Individuals
and
businesses
can
also
invest
in
carbon
offsets,
which
contribute
to
projects
that
reduce
global
carbon
emissions.
Some
examples
of
carbon
offset
projects
include
planting
trees,
wetlands
restoration
and
farmland
management.
“We
are
all
part
of
the
solution,”
wrote
U.N.
Secretary-General
Ban
Ki-moon.
“Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
are
many
steps
you
can
take
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
It
is
a
message
we
must
all
take
to
heart.”
40.
What
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide?
________________
41.
Please
paraphrase
the
underlined
sentence
in
the
fourth
paragraph
in
your
own
words.
________________
42.
Please
decide
which
part
is
false
in
the
following
statement,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
is
little
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
________________
43.
Please
state
what
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
output.
(about
40
words)
________________
【答案】40.
Greenhouse
gasses./
Greenhouse
gasses
like
carbon
dioxide./
Greenhouse
gasses
like
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide
41.
You
send
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere.
/
You
give
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere./
You
send
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide./
You
produce
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide.
42.
there
is
little
you
can
do/little
you
can
do
/there
is
little
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
are
many
steps
you
can
take
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
43.
To
reduce
carbon
dioxide,
measures
need
to
be
urgently
implemented
to
exempt
from
its
harm.
We
can
take
the
following:
Firstly,
we
can
turn
down
the
heat.
Secondly,
we
can
ride
a
bike
or
walk
instead
of
driving.
Finally,
we
can
plant
more
trees
and
plants
to
capture
carbon
dioxide.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了温室气体对大气气温的影响和我们可以为环境所做的努力。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Greenhouse
gases
like
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide（像二氧化碳这样的温室气体会增加全球平均气温）”可知，是二氧化碳等温室气体使全球平均气温上升。故答案为Greenhouse
gasses./
Greenhouse
gasses
like
carbon
dioxide./
Greenhouse
gasses
like
carbon
dioxide
(CO?)
increase
average
temperatures
worldwide.
【41题详解】
考查句意理解。划线句“Being
“carbon
neutral”
means
that
you
emit
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere
that
you
offset
(抵消)
by
some
other
means.（“碳中和”意味着你向大气中排放相同数量的二氧化碳，你可以用其他方法来抵消。）”可知，划线句的意思是你发送了相同数量的二氧化碳到大气中。故答案为You
send
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere.
/
You
give
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere./
You
send
off
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide./
You
produce
the
same
amount
of
carbon
dioxide.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
are
many
steps
you
can
take
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.（无论你是个人、企业、组织还是政府，你都可以采取许多措施来减少二氧化碳。）”可知，无论你是个人、企业、组织还是政府，在减少二氧化碳方面你都无能为力这句话是错误的。故答案为there
is
little
you
can
do/little
you
can
do
/there
is
little
you
can
do
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
Whether
you
are
an
individual,
a
business,
an
organization
or
a
government,
there
are
many
steps
you
can
take
to
reduce
carbon
dioxide.
【43题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“Adding
solar
panels
to
your
home,
or
switching
to
an
electric
vehicle
are
examples
of
things
you
can
do
to
reduce
your
carbon
dioxide
output.
You
can
turn
down
the
heat.
You
can
find
tools
to
calculate
your
carbon
footprint.
You
can
also
take
steps
to
either
directly
reduce
or
indirectly
offset
the
carbon
dioxide
you
send
back
into
the
environment.
Switching
to
renewable
energy
sources
like
wind,
solar
heating
directly
reduces
your
carbon
footprint;
so
does
biking
or
walking
instead
of
driving.（在家里安装太阳能电池板，或者改用电动汽车都是减少二氧化碳排放量的例子。你可以把暖气关小。你可以找到计算你的碳足迹的工具。你也可以采取措施直接减少或间接抵消你排放回环境中的二氧化碳。转而使用风能、太阳能等可再生能源可以直接减少你的碳足迹;骑自行车或步行代替开车也是如此。）”可知，为了减少二氧化碳(CO?)产量，首先，我们可以调低温度。其次，我们可以骑自行车或步行来代替开车。最后，我们可以种植更多的树木和植物来捕获二氧化碳。故答案为To
reduce
carbon
dioxide,
measures
need
to
be
urgently
implemented
to
exempt
from
its
harm.
We
can
take
the
following:
Firstly,
we
can
turn
down
the
heat.
Secondly,
we
can
ride
a
bike
or
walk
instead
of
driving.
Finally,
we
can
plant
more
trees
and
plants
to
capture
carbon
dioxide.
第二节
书面表达（共20分）
44.
假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的李华，你从冬奥组委官方网站得知2022年2月4日到2月20日冬季奥林匹克运动会在北京和河北省张家口联合举行。目前北京冬奥组委正在招募志愿者。请你写一封信，应征冬奥会志愿者工作，内容包括：
1.
你的个人信息；
2.
你的特长；
3.
你的经历或经验。
参考词汇：2022冬奥组委the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
官方网站official
website
志愿者
volunteer
注意：1.
词数100左右；
2.
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely
yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Sir/Madam,
Learning
from
the
official
website
of
the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
that
you
are
wanting
volunteers,
I
am
eager
to
apply
to
be
one.
My
name
is
Li
Hua,
a
17-year-old
boy
from
Hongxing
Middle
School.
I
am
a
native
of
Beijing.
I
can
communicate
with
foreigners
in
English
fluently.
What’s
more,
I’m
fond
of
sports,
especially
the
events
for
winter.
Most
importantly,
I
am
easygoing
and
helpful.
I
have
been
a
volunteer
since
I
came
to
Middle
School.
I
am
sure
to
offer
the
best
service
for
every
athlete
and
the
events.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
I
could
have
the
chance
to
be
a
volunteer.
Thank
you!
Yours
faithfully,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给北京冬奥组委写一封信，应征冬奥会志愿者工作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
招募：recruit→want
特别：specially→especially
提供：provide→offer
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Learning
from
the
official
website
of
the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
that
you
are
wanting
volunteers,
I
am
eager
to
apply
to
be
one.
拓展句：Since
I
learned
from
the
official
website
of
the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
that
you
are
wanting
volunteers,
I
am
eager
to
apply
to
be
one.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Learning
from
the
official
website
of
the
Organizing
Committee
for
the
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
that
you
are
wanting
volunteers,
I
am
eager
to
apply
to
be
one.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
I
have
been
a
volunteer
since
I
came
to
Middle
School.
(运用了since引导时间状语从句)