外研英语必修3 Module1 Europe语言点

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名称 外研英语必修3 Module1 Europe语言点
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(共98张PPT)
必修3
Module 1 Europe
Language points
?考题在线  
(2009·陕西省宝鸡中学月考)2009年6月6日是我国第14个“爱眼日”。假设你是某校的学生,下面是你校学生近视情况的调查结果。请你根据调查结果用英语写一篇文章,并在文中提出保护眼睛的建议。
1.高中部学生近视率达到45.2%;
2.初中部初三学生在初一时患近视的学生只有23%,目前达35%左右;
3.近视高发病率的主要原因是:学业过重;在电脑前待的时间过长;有不良的阅读习惯等。注意:词数120左右。________________________________________________________________________
1.________横过;穿过(prep.)
2.__________面向;面对(vt.)
3.__________山脉(n.)
4.__________位于(adj.)
5.__________计划;项目;工程(n.)
across
face
range
located
project
Ⅰ.课标单词
6.__________文明(n.)
7.__________古代的(adj.)
8.__________在……对面(prep.)
9.______________地理的(adj.)
10.__________特点(n.)
11.__________大陆的;大洲的(adj.)→__________大洲(n.)
civilisation
ancient
opposite
geographical
feature
continental
continent
12.__________坐落(某处)的;位于(某处)的(adj.)→__________状况,位置(n.)
13.__________象征;符号(n.)→__________象征性的(adj.)
14.__________签署(vt.)→__________签名(n.)
15.__________协议;契约(n.)→__________同意(v.)→_____________不同意(n.)
16.__________统治;治理(vt.)→____________政府(n.)→__________统治者(n.)
situated
situation
symbol
symbolic
sign
signature
agreement
agree
disagreement
govern
government
governor
Ⅱ.常用短语
1.____________自从……一直
2.____________据……;依照……
3._________________对……加以控制
4._______________一点点地;逐渐地
5.____________查阅;提到
6.__________________另一方面
ever since
in terms of 
have control over 
little by little 
refer to 
on the other hand 
7.____________面临
8.____________前所未有的;有史以来
9.____________离海岸不远
10._______________________和……有很少共同点
11.__________________作为……而出名/闻名
12._____________________因为,由于
be faced with 
of all time 
off the coast 
have little in common with
be known as 
because of
13. 失去控制
14. 例如
out of control
such as
3
across prep.横过,穿过;在……对面;与……交叉
adv.横过;在对面;宽
重点难点研析
We walked across the street.我们穿过马路。
He stared at the Englishman across the table.
他盯着坐在桌子对面的那个英国人。
He laid two sticks across each other.
他把两根棍子交叉地放着。
We got into the boat and rowed across.
我们上了船,将船划到对岸。
The river is 20 metres across.这条河宽20米。
这三个词都有“穿过”,“通过”的意思,但用法各不相同:
(1)across多表示从一定范围的一边到另一边,且在物体的表面进行的动作,其含义常与介词on有关。
(2)through表示从某一范围的一端到另一端的动作,而该动作是在空间里进行的,其含义常与介词in有关。
(3)over表示到达一座高的障碍物(如墙、篱笆或山脉等)另一侧的动作。
across,through,over 
[以练促记]
用across/through/over填空
①How long the journey takes will depend on how long it takes to get the traffic.
②They walked slowly the woods.
③They're building a new bridge the river.
④If we can't go the mountain,we must go around it.
through
through
across
over
2. face  v. 面向;面对;面临;应付
n. 脸;相貌;表情;表面;正面
(回归课本P1)France is Europe’s third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.
法国是欧洲的第三大国,隔英吉利海峡与英国相望。
face up to     勇敢面对
be faced with 面对;面临
face to face    面对面地(常与with连用)
in(the)face of 不顾;面对;在……前面
make a face at 向……做鬼脸
to one's face 当着某人的面
save one's face 挽回面子
lose one's face 丢脸,丢面子
stare sb.in the face 盯着某人
turn red in the face 涨红了脸
例句探源
①The building faces the big river.这座建筑面向大河。
②He couldn’t face driving all the way to Los Angeles.
他可受不了一直开车到洛杉矶。
③Faced with robbers,she kept calm.
面对强盗,她保持着镇静。
④If Tom doesn’t keep his promise,he’ll lose face.
如果汤姆不信守诺言,他就会丢面子。
即境活用
★1.________with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.
A.Faced        B.Face
C.Facing D.To face
解析:选A。be faced with sth.意为“面临着”,作状语时,要用faced with sth.。facing作状语时,表示面对着或面向,不与介词with连用。to face作目的状语时,表示做某事的目的。
She showed great courage
danger. 面对困难,她表现出了巨大的勇气。
I've never met her .We've only talked on the phone. 我从未和她见过面,我们只是在电话上交谈过。
She ? some very tough choices. 她面临着十分艰难的选择。
?in (the) face of
?face to face
is faced with
2.________the global financial crisis,the Chinese government has taken many measures ________ people’s life to deal with it.
A.Facing with;related
B.Faced;relating to
C.Faced with;relating
D.Facing;related to
解析:选D。句意是:中国政府面临全球性金融危机,已采取了许多与民生有关的措施来应对。表示“面对”时,用faced with和facing皆可;第二个空只能用related to表示“与……有关的”。
2.range (1)n.排,行;一系列;山脉;(2)vt. & vi.排列,将……排成行;变化
精讲拓展:
①within range of vision在视野之内
②in/within range在……范围内
③beyond/out of range在……范围外
④range from...to...在……范围内变化
⑤mountain range 山脉
误区警示:range作为v.时,没有被动语态。
朗文在线:
①This store sells a wide range of TV sets.
这家商店出售各种型号的电视机。
②There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.有120名学生,年龄在10到18岁之间。
命题方向:range与variety等名词的辨析是命题的热点。
活学巧练:
This is a country with a wide ________of temperature.
A.list B.degree
C.range D.series
答案与解析:C 句意:这是一个气温变化很大的国家。a wide range of...表示“差距很大的……,范围很广的……”,range表示“范围,幅度,差距”。
3. situated  adj. 坐落(某处)的;位于(某处)的;(人)处于……境遇/地位的
(回归课本P2)Paris is the capital and largest city of France,situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都,也是法国最大的城市,坐落在塞纳河畔。
归纳总结
(1)be badly/well situated境况困难/良好,
(2)be situated on/in/at....位于……的;坐落在……的;处于……地位/境遇/状态的,
situate vt.使……坐落/建于某处,
situation n.立场;局势;地理位置;形势,
in a...situation在……形势下;处于……状况中
例句探源
①Microsoft is well situated to exploit this new market.
微软具备良好的条件开拓这个新市场。
②His parents died in an accident and left him an orphan.
He was badly situated at the moment.
他的父母死于一场意外事故,他成了孤儿,目前处境艰难。
③That is a small town situated just (to the) south of Cleveland.
那是一个地处克利夫兰以南的小城。
④The company wants to situate its headquarters in the north.
那个公司想把总部设在北方。
⑤(朗文P1919)What would you do if you were in my situation
假如你处于我的情况,你会怎办?
易混辨析
situate,locate,lie,stand
(1)situate动词形式比较少用,一般用过去分词作形容词。此时相当于be located,表示“位于某处”。同时也可用于描述人或事物,意为“处于……境况的”,be located 无此义。
(2)locate表示“确定某物位置”,可以用被动形式或主动形式。
(3)lie指有一定面积的某物“延伸在(到)……”;另外,也可以意为“躺”。
(4)stand指有一定高度的建筑等“矗立,站立”在某处。
四个词后面的介词用in表示在某范围内;to表示在某范围外;on表示相邻或在上面;off表示离开一段距离在不远的地方。
①The big city is situated on the coast of Huanghai Sea.
②The small village,located/situated at the foot of the mountain,has become a holiday resort.
③Hainan Province,lies/is_located/is_situated in the south of China.
④There stands a tall tower on the top of the mountain.
即境活用
3.Having six children and no income,the widow was badly________.
A.situating         B.located
C.situated D.locating
解析:选C。句意有“有六个孩子,又没有收入,这个寡妇处境困难。”
3. opposite  adj. 相对的,对面的;对立的,相反的;对等的,对应的
n.相反的事物,对立的人(或物);反面
prep. 在……对面(回归课本P4)
误区警示:opposite作名词用时是可数名词,表示“对立场,相反的人”,而opposition是不可数名词,意思是“反对,反抗”。
归纳总结
例句探源
①Black and white are opposites.
黑和白正好相反。
②The library is on the opposite side of the road from the school.图书馆在学校马路对面。
③(郎文P1376)Martha’s not shy at all-just the opposite in fact.
玛莎一点都不腼腆,事实上正好相反。
④(朗文P1376)The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.坐在我们对面的人看上去很面熟。
易混辨析
opposite,contrary
(1)opposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立的、相反的”。
(2)contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”,含有“互相冲突,不一致”的意思。on the contrary“相反”。①“True” and “false” have opposite meanings.
②Your plan is contrary to mine.
即境活用
4.There is a fine little café ________ this house. Cross the street and you’ll be there.
A.on the contrary of B.opposite to
C.in front of D.opposite from
解析:选B。从后一句话的意思分析,咖啡馆在街对面,故选用B项。
★5.The school________the hospital.
A.opposite B.opposite to
C.is opposite to D.is the opposite
解析:选C。句意“学校在医院对面”。
4 . sign  v. 签署;签名;示意,打手势
n. 符号;标记;手势;征兆
(回归课本P7)France and Germany aren’t going to sign the agreement.
法国和德国将不会签订协议。
例句探源
①You forgot to sign the check.你忘了在支票上签字。
②He signed to me to be quiet.
他向我打手势,让我安静。
③For safety reasons,please sign in when you arrive at the building,and sign out when you leave.
基于安全考虑,请在抵达大楼时签到,离去时签退。
④A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather.
日落时的晚霞是好天气的征兆。
He signed his name on the cheque.
他在支票上签了名。
The policeman .
那警察做手势让司机停车。
All the guests must sign in on arrival.
所有客人均须签到。
Very often dark clouds are ? .
乌云常常是下雨的预兆。
?signed the driver to stop
a sign of rain
2.(1)The teacher ________ us ________our names on the papers.
A.signed;sign  B.signed to;signing
C.signed;to sign D.signed;signing
解析:句意:老师打手势让我们在试卷上签上名。“打手势让……做……”是sign sb.to do sth.;“签名”是sign one's name。
答案:C
(2). Many people like white color as it is a ________of purity.
A.symbol B.sign
C.example D.signal
解析:symbol象征;sign符号;example例子;signal信号。句意:许多人都喜欢白色,因为白色是纯洁的象征。
答案:A
易混辨析
symbol,sign,signal,mark
均含“标志,象征,符号”之意。
(1). symbol指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。
(2). sign普通用词,指人们公认的事物的记号,也可指某种情况的征兆。
(3). signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。
(4). mark普通用词,含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记,又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。
①All I get is a busy signal whenever I dial his number.
②The sign by the road says “No Parking”.
③You’d better make a mark where you have a question.
④A dove is the symbol of peace.
[以练促记]
用symbol/sign/signal/mark填空
①Dragons and the Great Wall are both the of China.
②His feet left dirty all over the floor.
③Out in the desert there are hardly any road along the highway.
④The railway was on red,so the train stopped.
⑤There are no of life in the house.
symbols
marks
signs
signal
signs
4.agreement n.同意,一致,协定,协议
精讲拓展:
①gentleman's agreement 君子协定
②in agreement with 符合……;同意;和……一致
③make an agreement with 与……达成协议
④reach an agreement 取得一致意见,达成协议
⑤under an agreement 根据协议
⑥agree vi.&vt. 同意,赞成……的意见,与……一致,承认,适合
⑦disagree vi.不一致,不适宜
⑧disagreement n.意见不同,不调和,争执,不和,争论
误区警示:agreement表示“协议,合约”时是可数名词;表示“一致,相合”时是不可数名词。
朗文在线:
①What happens if the warring parties fail to reach an agreement
交战各方如果达不成协议会发生什么事情?
②A decision will not be made until everyone is in agreement.
直到所有人都同意才能做决定。
③Under the agreement,most agricultural prices would be frozen or cut.
根据协议,大部分农产品的价格会被冻结或降低。
命题方向:agreement组成的名词短语如reach an agreement是考查重点。
活学巧练:
(1)His opinion is____________________(与……意见一致)mine.
(2)They reached an___________(协议)after hours' talk.
(3)The food doesn't_______________(合口味)me(my stomach).
in agreement with
agreement
agree with
5.because of因为(后面接名词,代词)
I can't go to school because of sickness.
①owing to 由于,多亏
②thanks to 由于
③due to 由于,预定
④on account of 因……的缘故,由于
⑤as a result of 由于……的结果
注:because后直接跟句子,引出原因状语从句,而because of后也可跟what从句,这时what从句相当于一名词短语,作宾语。
活学巧练:用because或because of填空
(1)The plane arrived late____________(由于)the storm.
(2)I think it is__________(由于)you are doing too much.
(3)He got very angry____________(由于)what they said.
because of
because
because of
5. in terms of  据……;依照……;就……而言
(回归课本P9)In terms of size and population,how big is the European Union compared with China
在面积与人口方面,欧盟与中国相比有多大?
归纳总结
in the long term 从长远的观点看
in the short term 从眼前的观点看
in any terms 无论如何,在任何情况下
be in terms 在谈判(交涉)中
keep on good (friendly) terms with sb.与某人保持良好(友好)关系,交朋友
keep terms with sb.与某人交往;与某人保持友好关系
be on equal terms 关系平等
on one's terms 依照某人的条件
例句探源
①In terms of customer satisfaction,the policy cannot be criticized.说到顾客的满意情况,这个政策无可挑剔。
②In their terms,cutting government spending is the most important thing.
根据他们的观点,削减政府开支是最重要的事情。
③What they have done is good for the environment in the long term.
从长远来看,他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。
即境活用
7.(2009年高考江苏卷)This special school accepts all disabled students,________educational level and background.
A.according to  B.regardless of
C.in addition to D.in terms of
解析:选B。考查介词短语。句意:这所特殊的学校招收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平或背景。regardless of“不管,不顾”,符合题意。
★8.________achievement,last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO had earned a low,though not failing,grade.
A.In terms of B.In case of
B.As a result of D.In face of
解析:选A。句意是:就成就而言,上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败,但是收效甚微。在题中,in terms of意为“就……而言”;in case of万一;as a result of作为……的结果;in face of面对。
9.Christmas Day is usually celebrated on December 25th________the birth of Jesus Christ.
A.in praise of   B.in honor of
C.in terms of D.in association with
解析:由题意判断,此处表示“为了纪念”,故选B项in honor of。in praise of为了赞扬;in terms of在……方面,就……而言;in association with与……一起,与……联合。
答案:B
6. on the other hand 另一方面;反过来说
(回归课本P9)In France,on the other hand,the head of state is a president.
而另一方面,在法国,政府的首脑是总统。
归纳总结
on the one hand...,on the other hand...一方面……,另一方面……,
at hand 在手边,在附近;即将来,即将发生
at first hand 第一手地,直接地
at no hand 无论如何也不,决不
at second hand 第二手的;间接的;旧的,用过的
on every hand 四面八方,四周
at any hand=in any hand在任何情况下,无论如何
by hand 用手工
in hand 正在处理中
hand in hand手牵手,携手,
Hands up!举起手来!
例句探源
①He is an able man,but on the other hand he demands too much of people.
他是一个能干的人,但是另一方面,他对人要求太多了。
②On the one hand,some host families are losing their unique selling point... On the other hand,students’ expectations have risen.
一方面,有些寄宿家庭正逐渐失去他们唯一的卖点……另一方面,学生的期望也增加了。
即境活用
9.I would like a job which pays more,but________,I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A.in other words B.on the other hand
C.for one thing D.as a matter of fact
解析:选B。on the other hand常被用来比较两个不同的事情或观点,常与on the one hand连用;for one thing常与and for another连用表示“一来……二来……”,常用来列举理由;in other words表示“换句话说”;as a matter of fact表示“事实上”。根据句意“我想得到一份薪水更高的工作,但从另一方面来说,我非常喜欢我现在的工作。”可知应选B。
★10. Father and mother wanted to go for a ride,but________,the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends.
A.on the other hand       
B.on another hand
C.in other ways
D.as a result
解析:选A。A表示“另一方面”;B无这种搭配;C表示“用其他办法”;D表示“结果”。本句意为“父母想开车出去,而另一方面,孩子们却想呆在家里和朋友们玩。”所以选A。
3
little by little 一点一点地,慢慢地,逐渐地
Little by little,things returned to normal.
情况逐渐恢复正常。
bit by bit     一点一点地
not a little 许多;很
quite a little [美口]大量,丰富
little more than 和……无差别(一样)
a little bit 少量的(意思同 a little)
a little more/less 有点多/少
She was not a little worried about the expense.
她对那笔开支相当苦恼。
Graham was more than a little frightened by what he had seen.格雷厄姆被他看到的事吓了一大跳。
(1)not a little=very许多;很
(2)not a bit=not at all一点儿也不
 not a little,not a bit 
[以练促记]
用not a little/not a bit填空
①I'm tired now.我现在一点儿也不累。
②She was tired after the long journey.
经过长途跋涉,她非常累。
not a bit
not a little
活学巧练:翻译
关于此事我告诉他一点点情况。
___________________________________
答案:I told him a little/a bit/a little bit about it.
8.in common adj.& adv.共同的(地);共有的
What have the words family,team and class got in common?
单词family,team和class有什么共同点?
精讲拓展:
①have a lot/much/a great deal in common
(with...) (与……)有很多共同之处
②have not much/nothing/little in common
(with...)与(……)没多少/没有共同之处
③in common with 与……相同
朗文在线:
①The two brothers have nothing in common.
这两兄弟毫无共同之处。
②Britain, in common with many other industrialized countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.
与许多其他工业化国家一样,英国在过去100年里经历了重大的变化。
活学巧练:
________many people, he prefers classical music to pop.
A.In common B.In common with
C.Out of common D.Out of common with
答案与解析:B in common with...“与……相同”,固定结构。
句型巧析
1【教材原句】 Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.(P1)
意大利在欧洲的南端,位于地中海沿岸。
【句法分析】 表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/west/north/east等,构成如下几种表达方式。
(1)...is in the south of在……的南部(在内部)
...is on the south of在……南边(接壤)
...is to the south of在……以南(在外部,不接壤)
...is south of在……南部(不指明在内部还是在外部)
(2)把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放到句首,句子用倒装语序。
①Guangdong is in the south of China.
广东在中国的南部。
②Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.江苏在山东南面。
③Mexico is (on the) south of the U.S..
墨西哥位于美国的南面。
④East of our school lies a railway.
我们学校东面有一条铁路。
即境活用
11.____of the Pacific Ocean ____Canada.
A.The east;lies       
B.East;lies
C.To the east;does lie
D.On the east;does lie
解析:选B。当方位词位于句首时,要使用倒装,且方位词前不使用冠词。
★12. In the dark forests________,some large enough to hold several English towns.
A.stand many lakes B.lie many lakes
C.many lakes lie D.many lakes stand
解析:选B。地点状语位于句首时,句子用完全倒装,stand一般表示高大的东西,而此处说的是lakes,故用lie。
6
Between France and Spain is another mountain range the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉,即比利牛斯山脉。
这是一个全部倒装句式。其自然语序是:Another mountain range—the Pyrenees is between France and Spain.
全部倒装是指将句子的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用一般现在时和一般过去时,常见情形有:
(1)表示地点、时间等的介词短语放于句首时,句子常用倒装。句子通常用完全倒装。
(2)here,there,now,then等副词置于句首时,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie等。
(3)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语如in,out,away,off,up,down等置于句首,谓语动词是表示运动的动词,这时句子常用完全倒装。
On the ground lay an old sick goat.
地上躺着一只有病的老山羊。
After the head ? a group of workers.
头儿走了出来,后面跟着一群工人。
There goes the bell!铃响了!
walked
Look!Here ? .看!出租车来了。
? from under the bomber.
导弹从轰炸机下面冲出来了。
Away they went.他们走了。
comes the taxi
Out ushed a missile
4.In the eastern part of New Jersey________,a major American shopping center.
A.the city of Elizabeth lies
B.lies the city of Elizabeth
C.does the city of Elizabeth lie
D.the city of Elizabeth does lie
解析:本题考查倒装。in the eastern part of New Jersey为表示方位的介词短语,位于句首,而主语是名词,谓语是表示“位移”的动词,因此句子运用全部倒装。
答案:B
3.【教材原句】 Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands.(P1)
这个国家的百分之二十被岛屿所覆盖。
【句法分析】 本句的主语是百分数Twenty percent,谓语动词是is covered。分数或百分数作主语时,谓语的单复数要与分数或百分数所指代的名词保持一致。在这一句话中,is covered与the country一致,故用单数。
①Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.
那个地区有五分之二的面积被草木覆盖。
②More than thirty percent of the students are from Africa.
多于百分之三十的学生是非洲人。
即境活用
13.We have fifty workshops in our factory,but only one fifth ________ able to be used and the rest ________ empty.
A.is;stands B.are;stand
C.was;stood D.were;stood
解析:选B。考查主谓一致和时态。带有分数、百分数的名词短语或相当于分数、百分数的some (of...),most (of...),the rest (of...)等作主语时,根据of后名词的单复数来确定谓语的单复数,若将of短语省略,要根据前边出现过的它们所指代的名词的单复数确定谓语的单复数,此题中前边的名词workshops为复数名词,谓语应该用复数;根据第一分句的时态判断出第二分句也应该采用一般现在时。
★14.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one third ________ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
解析:选D。此处one third指的是computers,故为复数;从和now对比中可知,这说的是过去的事了。
Paris is the capital and largest city of France,situated on the River Seine.巴黎是法国的首都,也是法国最大的城市,坐落在塞纳河畔。
3
situated是动词的 ed形式作非限制性定语,可以改写为非限制性定语从句which is situated...。
The hotel,situated in the old market district,is run by Mr. Smith.位于旧市场区的这家旅馆是史密斯先生管理的。
类似locate,devote,seat,tire等都是“使”动词,其宾语可以是反身代词,经常用于be+v. ed这一句型,此处be+v. ed不是被动语态,而是表状态的。
Paul,seated at the head of the table,was making a speech.
坐在桌子上首的Paul正在做演讲。
The guest, to the right of the chairman,was given a warm welcome.
坐在主席右边的客人受到热烈的欢迎。
seated
6.(2009·浙江高考)________and short of breath,Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A.To be tired B.Tired
C.Tiring D.Being tired
解析:句意:虽然疲惫不堪,气喘吁吁,Andy和Ruby还是第一批登上泰山山顶的人。tired与short of breath并列作状语,表明Andy和Ruby登上泰山山顶时的状态。
答案:B