Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 语法讲义 (含答案 )

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名称 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 语法讲义 (含答案 )
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更新时间 2021-07-21 17:30:39

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1.复习代词的用法;
2.掌握复合不定代词的用法。
人称代词/物主代词/反身代词
分类
人称,作用
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
单数
she
her
her
hers
herself
单数
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
作用
主语
宾语,表语
定语
主语,表语,宾语
主语,表语,同位语
指示代词

指示代词
Near(指离说话人近的)
Far(指离说话人远的)
单数
This(这个/这是..)
That(那个/那是...)
复数
These(这些)
Those(那些)
疑问代词
疑问代词
替代范围
which
哪一个
whose
谁的
what
什么
who
谁(主语)
whom
谁(宾语)
不定代词
不定代词
含义
数量关系
作定语时名词的数
作主语时动词的数
both
两者都
>=2
复数
复数
either
两者中的任何一个
>=2
单数
单数
neither
两者都不
=2
单数
单数
all
三者或三者以上都
>=3
单数或复数
单数或复数
none
三者或三者以上都
>=3
O
单数或复数
each
每一个
>=2
单数
单数
every
每一个
>=3
单数
单数
代词
一.分类
代词包括:人称代词,物主代词,指示代词,反身代词,疑问代词和不定代词
二.具体用法
1.人称代词
人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。

人称




主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he,she,it
him,
her,
it
they
them
【即学即练】
1.__
am
a
boy
and
__
is
a
girl.
My,
she
B.
I,
her
C.
I,
she
D.
Mine,
she

答案】C
解析:两个空都是缺主语,需填主格,故选C.
2.My
English
is
so
poor,
please
help________
to
improve
it..
A.
me
B.
I
C.
my
D.
mine

答案】A
解析:me,我,是宾格,充当宾语,后面不接名词;I,我,是主格,充当主语;mine,我的,名词性物主代词,后面不接名词。My,我的,形容词性物主代词,后面可接名词。结合题意,help
后面缺了宾语,故选A.
2.物主代词
形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语,名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语,但不能作定语。





人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
形容词性
物主代词
my
yours
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
【即学即练】
1.I
like
__
new
dress.
She
B.
her
C.
hers
D.
his

答案】B
解析:名词前缺形容词物主性代词,故排除A和C,
裙子是女孩子穿的,故选B.
2.This
room
is
ours,
and
that
one
is
__.
A.they
B.
them
C.
theirs
D.
their

答案】C
解析:they
是主格,充当主语,them是宾格,充当宾语,theirs是名词性物主代词,their是形容词性物主代词,根据题干可知缺名词性物主代词,故选C。
3.反身代词
反身代词在句中可以作enjoy,
teach,
hurt,
buy,
introduce等动词和by,
for,
to等介词的宾语,还可以作主语或宾语的同位语,可译作“亲自,本人”,但不能作主语。

人称




第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself,
herself,
itself
themselves
【即学即练】
1.I
often
do
my
homework
by__.
me
B.
mine
C.
myself
D.
I

答案】C
解析:题目中的语境应该是我自己完成作业,故填反身代词
myself,故选择C.
2.I
guess
Peter
and
his
sister
Sally
enjoyed
at
the
dancing
party________.
A.
myself
B.
himself
C.
herself
D.
themselves
【答案】D
解析:考察反身代词,由Peter
和his
sister可知是两个人,故选D.
4.指示代词
指示词有this,
that,
these,
those,
such等。注意以下4点:
(1)
this,
these是时间或空间上的“近指”,可与here连用;that,
those是时间或空间上的“远指”,可与there连用。
(2)
指上文提到的事一般用that,有时也用this,指下文的事只能用this。
(3)
打电话时,用this来介绍自己,用that来问对方,不用I或you。
(4)
this和that还可表示程度,意为“如此,那么”,相当于so,作状语。
【即学即练】
1.__________
pen
is
red.
________
pencil
is
green.
A.
this,
that
B.
These,
Those
C.
That,Those
D.
This,
That

答案】D
解析:考察指示代词;两个空都需填单数的,做主语,首字母大写,故填D.
2.
__________
two
girls
are
Mary
and
Linda.
A.
This
B.
They
C.
That
D.
Those

答案】D
解析:后面是two
girls,故要填表复数的指示代词,故选D.
5.疑问代词
疑问代词有what,
which,
who,
whom,
whose等。用法要点如下:
(1)what除可用来询问人的身份外,一般指物;which可指人也可指物;who,
whom,
whose一般指人。
(2)有一定范围时,用which,意为“(其中的)哪一个”,可接表范围的of短语;没有一定的范围时,用what,意为“什么”,不能接of短语。
【即学即练】
1.
______house
is
yours
?
A.
whose
B.
where
C.
How
D.
which

答案】D
解析:考察疑问代词,根据题干可知缺哪一个,故选D。
______
is
standing
there?
A.
whose
B.
who
C.
How
D.
which

答案】B
解析:考察疑问代词,根据题干可知缺主语,指谁,故选B。
6.不定代词
一.含义:不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
二.分类:
包括普通不定代词,如some,
any等,和复合不定代词
something,anything等
(一)普通不定代词
1.some
&
any
在英语当中,不定代词some/any用来描述数量。
(1)Some
A.
some多用于肯定句中,可以修饰复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
There
are
some
students
in
the
classroom.教室里有一些学生。
There
is
some
milk
in
the
bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。
B.
some有时也用于表示请求或建议的一般疑问句中,通常表示希望得到对方肯定的答复。
Can
you
give
me
some
help?你能帮我一下吗?
Would
you
like
to
have
some
coffee?你想喝点咖啡吗?
(2)Any
A.
any通常用于否定句和疑问句中,可以修饰单数或复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
Do
you
have
any
question(s)
to
ask?你有什么问题要问吗?
There
isn’t
any
water
in
this
bottle.
瓶子里面一点水都没有了。
B.
any也可用于肯定句中,
表示“任何”的意思,
起强调作用。
You
may
take
any
of
them.
你可以拿它们当中的任何一样。
It’s
a
puzzle
that
any
intelligent
child
could
solve.
这是任何聪明的孩子都能解出来的一个谜题。
C.
any有时也可用于条件句中。
If
you
have
any
questions,
please
come
to
my
office.
如果你有任何问题,请来办公室找我。
【即学即练】
I’ve
been
expecting
_____letters
the
whole
morning,
but
there
aren’t
_____for
me.
A.
some
,one
B.
many
,a
few
C.
some
,any
D.
a
few,
none

答案】C
解析:some用于肯定句,any
用于否定句,结合题意可选C.
2.—Is
there
______
beef
in
the
fridge
?
 —No,
there
isn’t.
There
is
______pork.
A.
some;
any
B.
any;
any
C.
some;
some
D.
any;
some

答案】D
解析:some用于肯定句,any
用于否定句,结合题意可选D.
2.one,that
和it
A.one表示泛指,指名称相同的另一物,或所提到的人或物中的一个。
I
can't
find
my
hat.
I
think
I
must
buy
one.
B.
that和it
表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it
与所指名词为同一个。
The
hat
you
bought
is
bigger
than
that
I
bought.
I
can't
find
my
hat.
I
don'
t
know
where
I
put
it.
【即学即练】
1.—A
latest
Yangzhou
Daily,
please!
—Only
one
copy
left.
Would
you
like
to
have_____
,
sir?
one
B.
it
C.
this
D.
that
【答案】B
解析:one一个;it代词指物;this这个;that那个.根据上下句的语境及关键词Yangzhou?Daily可知,这里是代指你要的这份报纸,指物,所以应该用it.结合选项故选B.
Everything
goes
well,_______?
is
it
B.isn’t
it
C.does
it
D.doesn’t
it
【答案】D
本题主要考查反义疑问句。
本句主语为
everything,为单数名词,故简短问句应用
it
指代;本句谓语为
goes
为实义动词,故简短问句用助动词提问;前面陈述句为肯定句,反义疑问句遵循
“前肯后否,前否后肯”
的规则,简短问句应用否定式。故正确答案为D。
3.few,
a
few,
little,
a
little
A.
(a)
few
+
可数名词,
(a)
little
+
不可数名词
B.
a
few
/
a
little
为肯定含义,还有一点
C.
few
/
little
为否定含义,没有多少了。
He
has
a
few
friends.
他有几个朋友。
He
has
few
friends.
他几乎没有朋友。
We
still
have
a
little
time.
我们还有一点时间。
There
is
little
time
left.
几乎没有时间剩下了。
【即学即练】
1.This
is
a
very
old
song,
so
______
young
people
know
it.
A.few
B.
little
C.a
few
D.
a
little

答案】A
解析:few
和a
few
接可数复数名词,little和a
little
接不可数名词;few
和little
表否定,a
few和a
little表肯定,题干是表示否定意义,接复数名词,故选A.
My
father
has
many
books,but
he
has_____
English
books.
A.little
B.a
little
C.few
D.a
few

答案】C
解析:few
和a
few
接可数复数名词,little和a
little
接不可数名词;few
和little
表否定,a
few和a
little表肯定,题干是表示否定意义,接复数名词,故选C.
4.every
和each的用法
①each指代前文的名词
②each
、each
one
、everyone、every
+单数名词
、可以用单数或复数的人称代词
③each
、each
one
、every
one与of
连用。Everyone不可。
④each
谓语动词的形式和主语保持一致
⑤every和数词连用
“每隔。。。”
⑥each指两者(两者以上),
every两者以上
【即学即练】
1.______
has
his
good
point.
A.
each
B.every
C.
that
D.those

答案】A
解析:缺主语,指每一个人,故选each,选A.
There
are
trees
on
______side
of
the
street.
A.
each
B.every
C.
that
D.those

答案】A
解析:题干的意思,是街道的每一边,指两者中的每一个,故选each,选A.
5.all和both的用法
A.all和both都表示整体,但all
都,指三者以上。both 都,指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。
All
of
us
like
Mr.
Pope.
我们都喜欢Pope先生。(作主语)
=
We
all
like
Mr.
Pope.
(作同位语)
All
the
water
has
been
used
up.
(作主语)
That's
all
for
today.
(作表语)
Why
not
eat
all
(of)
the
fish?
(作宾语)
All
the
leaders
are
here./All
knowledge
comes
from
practice.
(作定语)
B.both

all
加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定,要分别用neither和none。
Both
of
us
are
not
good
at
singing.
Neither
of
us
is
good
at
singing.
All
of
the
teachers
are
not
foreigners.
None
of
the
teachers
are
foreigners.
.
注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。
All
of
the
students
are
there.       
All
(of)
the
milk
is
there.
【即学即练】
______of
the
twins
like
this
movie
very
much.
A.all
B.every
one
C.both
D.none

答案】C
解析:all
表三者及以上都,用于肯定句;every
one
指每一个;both指两者都,用于肯定句;none
指3者及以上都不,用于否定句。结合题意,应选C.
I
have
to
buy_____of
these
books,
because
I
don’t
know
which
one
is
the
best.
A.all
B.every
one
C.both
D.none

答案】A
解析:all
表三者及以上都,用于肯定句;every
one
指每一个;both指两者都,用于肯定句;none
指3者及以上都不,用于否定句。结合题意,应选A.
6.other,
the
other,
another,
others,
the
others的区别。
用法
代名词
形容词
单数
复数
单数
复数
不定
another
另一个
Others
别人,其他人
another
另一个
other
其他的
特定
the
other
另一个
the
others
其余那些人/物
the
other
另一个的
the
other
其余的
【即学即练】
Some
people
like
to
stay
at
home,but______
don’t
like.
another
B.other
C.others
D.the
other.

答案】C
解析:此空缺名词,指其他人,做主语,表复数,故选others,选择C.
Xi’an
is
really
a
fascinating
city
and
we’ve
decided
to
stay
for______two
weeks
A.
another
B.
other
C.
the
other
D.
other’s

答案】C
解析:another
意思为又,再...,another+数量词+名词表示另外再加上....,根据题意,选择another,故选A.
7.neither,either

nor的用法
(1).如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用
nor。
  If
you
don't
do
it,neither
should
I. 如果你不干,我也不干。
(2).如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。
?
? He
can't
sing,nor
dance,nor
skate.
(3).neither
表示“两者都不”,neither…nor…
意为“既不…又不…”。
(4).either
表示“两者中的任何一个”,either…or…
意为“或是……,或是……”
Neither
of
the
answer
is
right.
I
have
neither
time
nor
money
to
take
a
trip.
Either
sentence
is
right.
You
can
either
go
or
stay.
【即学即练】
1.--Do
you
want
coffee
or
tea?
--__________
is
ok.
I
don’t
mind.
neither
B.either
C.both
D.nor

答案】B
解析:neither表示两者都不,用于否定句;either表示“两者中的任何一个”,用于肯定句;both表示两者都,用于肯定句;nor表示也不,用于否定句;结合题意,表示两者中的任何一个,且为肯定句,故选B.
We
asked
Tim
and
John,
but
______of
them
could
offer
good
explanation.
A.neither
B.either
C.both
D.nor

答案】A
解析:neither表示两者都不,用于否定句;either表示“两者中的任何一个”,用于肯定句;both表示两者都,用于肯定句;nor表示也不,用于否定句;结合题意,表示两者中的任何一个,且为否定句,故选B.
(二).复合不定代词
1.构成
复合不定代词是由some,
any,
no,
every加-body,-thing,-one构成,列表如下:
somebody
某人
someone
某人
something
某物,某事
anybody
任何人
anyone
任何人
anything
任何事物
nobody
没有人
no
one
没有人
nothing
没有东西
everybody
每人
everyone
每人
everything
一切
2.用法
A.复合不定代词若作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数。
Eg.
I
am
new
here,
so
nobody
knows
me.
Eg.
Somebody
is
waiting
for
you
at
the
gate.
B.形容词修饰不定代词时,该形容词必须后置。
Eg.
Something
strange
happened
in
our
neighborhood.
Eg.
There’s
nothing
difficult
in
the
world
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
Eg.
Is
there
anybody
important
here?
C.复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式必须后置。
Eg.
Would
you
like
something
to
eat?
【即学即练】
(
)1.
---would
you
like
_____
to
drink?
---Coffee
is
OK.
A.something
B.anything
C.nothing
D.everything

答案】A
解析:询问吃东西和喝东西的,用some+名词或something,故选择A.
(
)2.There
isn't
________
in
the
classroom.
A.someone
B.anyone
C.no
one
D.any
people
【答案】B
解析:someone用于肯定句,anyone用于否定句或疑问句,故选B.
综合练习
单选
1、—
Here
is
a
schoolbag.
Whose
is
it?

Oh,
it's_________.
Thank
you.
A.
my
B.
mine
C.
me
2、Mrs
Brown
is
nice.
Every
day
she
tried
to
cook__________for
me
during
my
stay
in
Canada.
A.
something
different
B.
anything
different
C.nothing
different
3、—A
latest
Yangzhou
Daily,
please!
—Only
one
copy
left.
Would
you
like
to
have_____
,
sir?
one
B.
it
C.
this
D.
that
4、It’s
polite
to
take
______
flowers
as
a
gift
when
you
go
to
visit
a
friend.
A.
little
B.
any
C.
some
D.
a
little
5、---
How
is
Helen
in
the
new
school?
---
She
is
doing
very
well.
There
is
______
to
worry
about.
something
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
everything
6、---
Whose
pen
is
this?
---
Oh,
it’s
______.
I
was
looking
for
it
everywhere.
you
B.
yours
C.
me
D.
mine
7、--We
have
red
and
yellow
T-shirts.
Which
color
do
you
like?
--
I'm
afraid______.
1
think
blue
will
be
OK.
both
B.
either
C.
neither
D.
none
8、The
lovely
girl
is
from
Class6.
____
name
is
Alice.
A.
Her
B.
His
C.Your
D.
Its
9、There
were
only
two
paintings
for
sale
and
he
bought
____.
A.
all
B.
any
C.
both
D.
some
10、I’ll
take_____of
the
cameras,
one
is
for
my
brother,
the
other
is
for
Jim.
A.
either
B.
both
C.
all
填空
用some,any,no,every与thing,one,body构成的复合不定代词填空。
1.
Don’t
worry.
There
is
____
wrong
with
you.
2.
If
you
don’t
tell
____
about
it,
___
will
know.
3.
Listen!
____
is
coming.
4.
Please
get
___
ready
at
once.
We’ll
go
at
nine
o’clock.
5.
Would
you
like
___
to
eat?
三.改错题
1.Each
one
the
students
has
his
or
her
own
merits
and
shortcomings.
2.Our
football
team
played
several
games
against
the
visiting
team
but
lost
everyone
of
them.
3.Each
of
the
students
have
got
an
English

English
dictionary.
4.The
old
man
goes
to
see
his
doctor
each
three
days
5.There
are
trees
on
every
side
of
the
street.
解析:
一.单选
1.【答案】B
解析:my是形容词性物主代词,常放在名词前面作定语;mine名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词不能跟名词;me是人称代词的宾格,在句中作宾语.Oh,it's
________.因为横线后面没有名词,因此应该用名词性物主代词.故选:B.
2.【答案】A
解析:?something意为“某物,某事”常用在肯定句中;anything意为“任何事物”常用在否定句和疑问句中;nothing意为“没有东西”.当形容词修饰不定代词的时候,要放在不定代词的后面.根据“Brown?is?nice”以及“Every?day?she?tried?to?cook”这是
一个肯定句,可知她尽力为我做不同的食物.故选A.
3.【答案】B
解析:one一个;it代词指物;this这个;that那个.根据上下句的语境及关键词Yangzhou?Daily可知,这里是代指你要的这份报纸,指物,所以应该用it.结合选项故选B.
4.【答案】C
解析:根据flowers,可知这是可数名词不能用little,a
little修饰,故排除little.本句是肯定句,排除any(用于疑问句或否定句).故选C.
5.【答案】C
解析:A项,something
“某事,某物”,常用于肯定句中。B项,anything
“任何事情”,常用于否定句或疑问句。C项,nothing
“没有事情”,否定词。
everything
“所有事”,全部肯定。根据前文,她做的很好,可知需要对后文的
worry
进行否定,表示“不必担心”,因此选否定词
nothing
符合题意。故正确答案为C。
6.【答案】D
解析:you是人称代词,句中作主语或宾语;yours名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词不能跟名词;me是人称代词,在句中作宾语;mine名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词不能跟名词.Oh,it's____.it's后面没有名词,因此应该用名词性物主代词,故选:D.
7.【答案】C
解析:both两者都;either两者之一;neither两者都不;none三者或者以上都不.根据"red
and
yellow
T-shirts"以及"I'm
afraid
.I
think
blue
will
be
OK"因为前者说有红和黄两个颜色的T恤,而后者只喜欢蓝色,所以可知后者红和黄这两种颜色都不喜欢.故选C.
8.【答案】A 
解析:根据第一句的语境提示,可知这是在说一个女孩.name为名词,其前需要形容词性物主代词来修饰.her她的;his他的;your你的;its它的.故选A.
9.【答案】C
解析:根据语境提示,这是肯定句,故排除any(用于疑问句或否定句),由only
two
paintings
可知,数量是两个,故排除some一些,all
三者以上都,而both两者都,刚好符合题意,所以选C。
10.【答案】B
解析:根据one
is
for
my
brother,
the
other
is
for
Jim,可知数量是2个,而both两者都,刚好符合题意,故选择B.
二.填空
Nothing
解析:从Don’t
worry
可知是没有不好的事发生,后面是wrong,指物,故填nothing。
anything;nobody
解析:第一个分句是否定句,指物,故填anything;下文的语境应该没有人知道,故填nobody。
someone
解析:缺主语,指人,在肯定句中用someone
4.everything
解析:缺宾语,指物,下文说到要准备离开,故上文对应的应该把所有东西准备好。故填everything。
5.something
解析:缺宾语,用于询问吃东西的,用something。
三.改错题
One
和the
之间加个of.
解析:each
one
接名词,必须用of
连接,表示....中的每一个。
everyone
改为
every
one.
解析:表示....中的每一个,everyone不可以接of,但
every
one可以。
have
改为has
解析:each
of
the
students
表示每个学生,是单数,谓语动词用单三形式。
4.each
改为every
解析:every+数字+时间复数,表示每隔....;each
没有这功能。
5.every改为each。
解析:every表示三者中每一个,each表示两者中每一个,故街道只有两边,故把every改为each。
单项选择
1.
–Wow!
You’ve
got
so
many
clothes.
--But
_____
of
them
are
in
fashion
now.
all??
B.
both
??
neither
?
?
D.
none
2.
Charles
was
alone
at
home,
with_____
looking
after
him.
A.
someone??
B.
anyone????
C.
not
one??
D.
no
one
3.
Jane
was
asked
a
lot
of
questions,
but
she
didn’t
answer
________
of
them.
A
other????
B
any???
C
none???????
D
some
4.
The
CDs
are
on
sale!
Buy
one
and
you
get_____
completely
free.
A.
other?????
B.
others?????
C.
one????
D.
ones
5.
Over
the
past
20
years,
the
Internet
helped
change
our
world
in?_____way.
A.
any???
B.
one??
C.
every
??
D.
either
6.
I
agree
with
most
of
what
you
said,
but
I
don’t
agree
with
______.
A.
everything
B:
anything
C.
something
D.
nothing
7.
----The
exam
was
difficult,
wasn’t
it?
---No,
but
I
don’t
think
______
could
pass
it.
somebody
B.
anybody
nobody
D
everybody
8.There
is
_____________
with
your
car.
A.
nothing
wrong
B.
wrong
nothing
C.
anything
wrong
D.
wrong
anything
9.–
Excuse
me,
how
can
I
get
to
Nanshan
Mountain?
-
Oh,
____
of
these
two
buses
will
take
you
there.
You
must
go
and
take
No.3
bus.
neither
B.
all
C.
none
D.
both
10.It’s
easy
to
find
a
good
hotel
in
our
city
because
we
have
_______
of
them
here.
A.
none
B.
few
C.
many
D.
each
二.句型转换
Both
Tom
and
Tim
are
good
at
sports.

改为否定句

______Tom
____
Tim
___
_
good
at
sports.
This
problem
is
so
difficult
that
nobody
can
work
it
out.

改为同义句

This
problem
is
___
_
difficult
for
__
____
to
work
out.
All
of
them
are
teachers.

改为否定句

___
___
of
them
______
a
teacher.
This
answer
is
wrong.
That
answer
is
also
wrong.

改为同义句

__
___
this
answer
___
___
that
one
is
right.
There
is
something
wrong
with
your
car.
(改为反义句)
There
is
__________
__________
with
your
car.
三.代词的适当形式填空。
1.There
is
a
letter
for________
(she
)
mother.
2.That
is
_____
(she
)
jacket.
The
jacket
is
red.______
(it)is
a
new
one.
3.Whose
pens
are
these?
_______(they)
are
______
(I).
4.Give
_______(I)
a
toy,
please.
5.Tim
and
Bill
are
twins.
_______
(they)are
from
England.
四.语篇填空
用适当的代词填空。
One
day,
as
Zeng
Zi's
wife
was
going
out,
her
child
began
to
cry,
begging
to
go
with
[1]______.“Stay
home,”
the
mother
said
to
him.
“When[2]______return,
we’ll
kill
a
pig
for
[3]______
dinner!“
When
she
came
back,
[4]______
found
Zeng
Zi
preparing
to
slaughter
a
pig
for
the
child’s
meal.
She
hurried
over
to
stop
[5]______:
“What
are
you
doing?
You’re
not
really
going
to
kill
a
pig,
are
you?
I
was
just
kidding
him!”
“How
can
[6]______
lie
to
children?”
Zeng
Zi
replied.
“[7]______
learn
each
and
[8]______
movement
from
[9]______
parents.
If
[10]______
deceive
your
child
with
lies,
you
are
teaching
the
child
to
lie.
One
cannot
educate
children
this
way.”
In
the
end,
Zeng
Zi
killed
the
pig.
解析:
一.单项选择
1.[答案D]
解析:
all指的是“三者或三者以上”;both指的是“两者都”;neither指的是“两者都不”;none指的是“三者或三者以上都不”.根据“so?many?clothes”以及“But?________?of?them?are?in?fashion”可知这么多衣服都不是流行的款式.所以要填none.故选D.
2.[答案D]
解析:A.某人,有人;??B.任何人;?
C.not?one
是one用在否定句中,它通常用在系动词之后或句首,不用于介词之后;“没有一个,无一”;?D.no?one=nobody?没有人;??根据句中“alone单独地,独自地”可知,伴随状语“with?____?looking?after?him”表达的意思应该是没有人照顾Charles;故选D。
3.[答案B]
解析:句意表达的是否定;other别的,其它的;any与not连用,表示全部否定,相当于none;none本身就表达否定,不需要与not连用;some用于肯定句中.故选B.
4.【答案C】.考查代词的用法.
解析:根据句意,空格处指代前文提到的CD,但为泛指,某一个CD,即同名异物,用one代替.one泛指同名异物,即同类中的某个.other作代词时一般用"the
other"或者复数形式"others".the
other特指两者中的另一个;others指其他人、另外几个.ones用来指代复数.
5.【答案B】
解析:one
or
another这样或那样,常用短语;any任何…,every每个,either两个中的任意一个,都不能和another构成搭配.故选B.
6.【答案A】
解析:此题学生容易生搬硬套不定代词的用法规则?——something?常用于肯定句,?anything?常用于否定句和疑问句,从而误选?B?。其实此题应选?A?,前一分句表示?“?我同意你说的大部分内容?”,后面的?not?与?everything?构成部分否定,意为?“?并不是所有的?……?都?……”?,与前一分句意思相符。
7.【答案D】
解析:后面的?not?与?everybody?构成部分否定,意为?“?并不是所有的?……?都?……”?,所以D
everybody与题意相符。故选D。
8.【答案A】
解析:Anything常用于否定句和疑问句,nothing
用于肯定句,表否定意义。且形容词修饰不定代词,放不定代词后面。所以应选择A.
9.【答案】A
解析:neither两者都不;all三者或三者以上都;none三者或三者以上都不;both两者都.根据these
two
buses可知要用neither或者both,再根据You?must?go?and?take?No.3bus.可知那两路公共汽车都不会带你去那里,故选A.
10.【答案】C
解析:None一个也没有;few很少几个;
many许多;each每一个;根据题意,"找到一个好旅馆很容易",可知旅馆多得是,故选C.
句型转换
1.【答案】Neither,nor,
is
解析:Both
....and
是两者都,neither...nor是两者都不。意义刚好相反。
2.【答案】too,anybody
解析:根据原句可知问题太难,以致于没有一个人答出来;too....to...太...而不能....,
改写后,nobody“没有人”对应anybody“任何人”。
3.【答案】None;is
解析:all
是三者都;none是三者都不,数量是单数,与all意义相反。
4.【答案】Neither;nor
解析:wrong的反义词是right;
要保持意思不变,前面需为否定意义,数量是两者,故填Neither;nor。
5.【答案】nothing,wrong
解析:something是一些东西,nothing是没有任何东西,两者意思相反。
三.代词的适当形式填空。
her
解析:she是主格,充当主语;mother前缺修饰的形容词物主代词,故填her。
her;It
解析:第一个空缺形容词物主代词,故填her;第二个空缺主语,指物,故填it.
They;mine
解析:第一个空缺主语,故填they;第二空缺名词性物主代词,故填mine.
me;
解析:give后面缺宾语,故填I的宾格me.
They
解析:缺主语,复数,故填They.
四.语篇填空
her
解析:介词后面缺宾语,需填宾格,Zeng
Zi's
wife可知应填her。
I
解析:此空是曾子妻子所说的话,缺主语,故填I.
your
解析:此空后接名词,前面应填形容词格,对应孩子,故填your.
4.she
解析:缺主语,对应上句的she,故填she.
5.him
解析:stop是动词,后面缺宾语,需填一个宾格,对应前面提到Zeng
Zi
preparing
to
slaughter
a
pig,故填him.
we
解析:缺主语,指复数,第一人称,故填we.
They
解析:缺主语,对应上文的children,故填they.
their
解析:
movement是名词,前面缺形容词性物主代词,对应上文的children,故填their.
their
解析:
parents是名词,前面缺形容词性物主代词,对应上文的children,故填their.
you
解析:
缺主语,对应文中的your
children,故填you.
指示代词
指示代词
数量
离说话人的距离
This
单数

That
单数

These
复数

Those
复数

二.物主代词





人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
形容词性
物主代词
my
your
her/his/its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
hers/his/its
ours
yours
theirs
三.疑问代词
疑问代词
替代范围
which
哪个
whose
谁的
what
什么
who
谁(主语)
whom
谁(宾语)
四.不定代词
不定代词
含义
数量关系
作定语时名词的数
作主语时动词的数
both
两者都
>=2
复数
复数
either
两者中的任何一个
>=2
单数
单数
neither
两者都不
=2
单数
单数
all
三者或三者以上都
>=3
单数或复数
单数或复数
none
三者或三者以上都
>=3
O
单数或复数
each
每一个
>=2
单数
单数
every
每一个
>=3
单数
单数
16