Unit8 English Week 语法讲义（含答案）

To
find
out
the
rules
of
the
modal
verbs(should
had
better
must
can
could
may
).
To
know
the
special
usage
of
modal
verbs.
To
learn
which
modal
verbs
often
appear
in
the
test
and
master
it.
一、情态动词
能，会
can,
could
必须
must
最好had
better
可能，也许
情态动词
1.
只作情态动词的有：must,
can
(could),
may
(might)
2.
可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need
3.
可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：will,
would,
shall,
should
4.
具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have
to,
ought
to,
had
better
1.
有一定的词义但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。
2.
无人称和数的变化（have
to例外，其第三人称单数形式为has
to）。
如：We
must
stay
here.
He
has
to
walk
home.
3.
后接动词原形，即不带to的不定式。
如：She
may
lose
her
way.
4.
具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语。
如：—
Can
you
swim?
—Yes,
I
can.
1.
can,
could的用法
(1)
表示能力，意为“能，会”。
如：Can
you
play
basketball?
(2)
表示推测，常用于否定句中。
如：Li
Hua
can’t
be
in
the
classroom.
(3)
表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may。
如：You
can
go
now.
(4)
could是can的过去式，可以表示过去的能力。
如：I
could
swim
when
I
was
seven
years
old.
(5)
以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用can和can’t；
以could开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用could和couldn’t。
如：—Could
you
skate
last
year?
—Yes,
I
could.
—No,
I
couldn’t.
【即学即练】
1.
—Jack,
you
ride
a
bike?
—Yes,
I
can.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
need
D.
must
2.
The
girl
riding
a
horse
there
be
Shirley.
Her
left
leg
was
badly
hurt
in
an
accident
yesterday.
A.
needn't
B.
may
not
C.
can't
D.
mustn't
3.
Reading
a
large
number
of
books
make
us
wiser.
The
more
we
read，the
more
we
know.
A.
can
B.
would
C.
need
4.
Jenny
finally
got
the
job
because
she
speak
English
well.
A.
might
B.
must
C.
could
参考答案：ACAC
2.
may与might的用法
might是may的过去式，用来表示委婉语气。
(1)
表示推测，意为“可能，也许”，用于肯定句中。
如：He
may
come
tomorrow.
明天他可能回来。
(2)
表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。用might语气要委婉些，注意此时的might并不表示过去。
如：May
I
borrow
your
book?
我可以借用你的书吗？
注意：may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustn’t或can’t，不用may
not，意为“不可以，不许，禁止”。
如：—May
I
go
now?
我现在可以走了吗？
—No,
you
mustn’t
/
can’t.
不，不可以。
(3)
表示祝愿。
如：May
you
succeed!
祝你成功！
【即学即练】
1.
—Do
you
have
any
plans
for
this
summer
vacation?
—I'm
not
sure.
I
take
a
trip
to
Taiwan.
(2015盐城)
A.
must
B.
need
C.
may
D.
should
2.
—May
I
watch
TV
now,
Mum?
—No,
you
.
You
must
clean
your
room
first.
(2015云南)
A.
may
not
B.
needn't
C.
can't
D.
mustn't
参考答案：CC
3.
must的用法
(1)
表示“必须、应该”。
(2)
表示推测，意为“一定”，一般用于肯定句。
(3)
否定句中，mustn’t表示“禁止”，意为“不允许”。
以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must，而否定回答则常用needn’t，needn’t表示“不需要，不必”，相当于don’t
have
to。
如：—Must
I
finish
the
project
today?
—No,
you
needn’t.
【即学即练】
1.
—
you
leave
now?
—Sorry,
but
I
have
to.
The
plane
will
take
off
in
an
hour.
A.
Can
B.
May
C.
Need
D.
Must
2.
The
dictionary
be
Li
Lei's.
It
has
his
name
on
it.
A.
must
B.
can
C.
may
3.
—Must
I
go
to
medical
school
and
be
a
doctor
like
you,
dad?
—No,
you
_______,
son.
You’re
free
to
make
your
own
decision.
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
shouldn’t
D.
needn’t
参考答案：DAD
4.
need的用法
词性的判断常为难点：
need后加to
do，则说明need为实义动词，用助动词提问或否定；
need后加doing表被动意义，相当于need
to
be
done；
need后加do（实义动词原形），则need为情态动词，用need提问或否定。
如：You
needn’t
come
to
school
so
early.
你不必这么早来学校。
【即学即练】
—Shall
we
take
a
bus
to
the
library?
—It’s
not
far.
I
think
we________
take
a
bus.
Let’s
walk
there.
A.
mustn’t
B.
couldn’t
C.
can’t
D.
needn’t
参考答案：D
5.
should的用法
(1)
should表示义务或责任时意为“应该”。
如：We
should
learn
from
each
other.
(2)
should
表示建议或劝告时意为“应该”。
如：You
should
give
up
smoking.
(3)
should
表示推断时意为“应该”、“可能”。
如：They
should
be
there
by
now,
I
think.
(4)
should
用于征求意见，主要用于第一人称的疑问句形式。
如：Should
I
open
the
window?
【即学即练】
1.
As
middle
school
students,
we
be
afraid
of
difficulties
if
we
want
to
make
our
dreams
come
true.
A.
must
B.
shouldn't
C.
need
2.
—I
don’t
care
how
other
people
feel.
—Well,
in
fact
you
_______.
(2016内蒙古满洲里市模拟卷)
A.
might
B.
could
C.
would
D.
should
参考答案：BD
6.
shall的用法
(1)
shall在疑问句中用于征求对方意见，主要用于第一人称(在英国英语中，也用于第三人称)，其意为“要不要”、“…好吗”。
如：Shall
I
get
you
a
chair
for
you?
(2)
shall在陈述句表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等，主要用于第二、三人称。
如：You
shall
suffer
for
this.
注意：有时用于第一人称，表示决心。
如：I
shall
return.
【即学即练】
He
is
waiting
outside,
sir.
_____
he
come
in
at
once?
A.
Will
B.
Shall
C.
Ought
D.
Has
参考答案：B
7.
will与would的用法
做情态动词的will,
would与做助动词的will,
would的形式相同，但意义差别很大。
(1)
表示意愿：表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。would用于过去的情况。
如：—Can
someone
help
me?
—I
will.
Mary
said
she
would
arrange
everything
for
him.
(2)
表示请求：与you连用表示请求或要求，用won’t
you加强邀请的语气。Would比will更客气，委婉。
如：Will
you
come
this
way
please?
(3)
will表示规律性的“注定会”。
如：People
will
die
without
air
or
water.
(4)
表示习惯或特性：will用于现在，would用于过去，带有主观性。
如：We
would
sit
around
grandpa
after
supper,
listening
to
his
stories.
参考答案：1.
A
2.
B
3.
B
综合练习
一．单选
1.When
you
are
travelling,
bring
a
map
because
it
_____
help
you.
A.
can’t
　
B.
mustn’t
　
C.
used
to
D.
may
2.---______
I
park
my
car
here
for
a
while?
---No,
you
mustn’t.
Do
you
see
the
sign
“NO
PARKING”?
A.
Would
B.
May
C.
Must
D.
Should
3.---Mum,
I’ve
signed
for
the
box.
What’s
in
it?
---I’m
not
sure.
It
_____
be
a
present
from
your
uncle.
A.
need
B.
must
C.
may
D.
will
4.---
______
I
hand
in
the
report
today?
---
No,
you
needn’t.
A.
Can
　
B.
Must
　
C.
Shall
　
D.
Could
5.—
Mum,
may
I
go
swimming
now?
—Yes,
dear,
but
remember
that
you
______
go
with
your
dad.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
must
6.I
have
travelled
a
lot.
I
______
speak
four
languages.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
need
7.---I
don't
care
what
people
think.
---Well,
you
______.
You're
not
alone
in
this
world.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
should
D.
will
8.Dogs
_____
run
through
soccer
games
at
the
park.
It's
dangerous
A.
should
B.
shouldn't
C.
need
D.
needn't
9.---Have
you
got
the
results
of
the
exam?
---No.
All
we
____
do
now
is
to
wait.
A.
must
B.
can
C.
may
D.
could
10.—Philips,
______
you
make
so
much
noise
when
your
little
sister
is
sleeping?
—Sorry,
Mum.
I’ll
stop
right
away.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
11.—Is
the
man
in
the
car
John?
—No,
it
______
be
him.
He
went
to
Xi’an
on
business
yesterday.
A.
can’t
B.
must
C.
mustn’t
D.
could
12.We
should
keep
quiet
in
the
cinema.
We
______
speak
loudly.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
needn’t
D.
mustn’t
13.---
May
I
take
the
dog
with
me,
sir?
---
________.
Pets
are
not
allowed
to
enter
the
hall.
A.
Yes,
you
may
B.
No,
you
mustn’t
C.
Yes,
you
can
D.
No,
you
needn’t
14.---
Robert,
could
you
wash
the
car
for
me?
---
Yes,
I
_______.
I’m
coming,
dad.
A.
could
B.
couldn’t
C.
can
D.
can’t
15.This
pair
of
glasses
______
be
Tony
’s.
He’s
the
only
one
who
wears
glasses.
A.
must
B.
might
C.
can’t
16.—I
saw
Susan
in
the
library
just
now.
—No,
it
_____
be
her.
She
went
to
Shanghai
this
morning.
A.
must
B.
can’t
C.
may
D.
needn’t
17.Life
is
like
riding
a
bicycle.
To
keep
your
balance,
you
____
keep
moving.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
can’t
D.
mustn’t
18.—Look!
The
man
at
the
school
gate
______
be
our
headmaster.
He
is
always
standing
there
to
welcome
us
every
morning.
—No,
it
_______
be
him.
He
is
holding
a
meeting
in
the
office
now.
A.
must;
can’t
B.
must;
mustn’t
C.
can’t
mustn’t
19.—Someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
Is
it
Tom?
—It
_____
him.
He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
A.
may
not
be
B.
can’t
be
C.
mustn’t
be
20.—Will
Jim
fly
to
Taiwan
for
a
holiday?
—He
_____
try.
In
fact,
it
depends
on
how
much
the
journey
costs.
A.
may
B.
has
to
C.
need
D.
must
参考答案：
DBCBC
ACBBC
ADBCA
BBABA
一．用must，can，may，might，shall，should，needn't，mustn't填空
1.
—Will
you
read
me
a
story,
Mummy?
—OK.
You
________
have
one
if
you
go
to
bed
as
soon
as
possible.
2.
—Shall
I
inform
him
of
the
change
of
the
schedule
right
now?
—I
am
afraid
you
________,
in
case
he
comes
late
for
the
meeting.
3.
If
you
________
go,
at
least
wait
until
the
storm
is
over.
4.
—No
one
________
be
compared
with
Yao
Ming
in
playing
basketball.
—Oh,
you
are
really
his
big
fan.
5.
It
________
be
the
Mr.
Smith.
He
has
gone
to
the
USA.
6.
I
________
worry
about
my
weekend.
I
always
have
my
plans
ready
before
it
comes.
7.
Just
be
patient.
You
________
expect
the
world
to
change
so
soon.
8.
—May
I
take
this
book
out
of
the
reading
room?
—No,
you
________.You
read
it
in
here.
9.
You
________
park
here!
It's
an
emergency
exit.
10.
I
can't
leave.
She
told
me
that
I
________
stay
here
until
she
comes
back.
二、单项选择
1.—_______
I
come
in,
Mr.
King?
—Yes,
of
course.
Please
sit
down
at
your
desk.
A.
May
B.
Must
C.
Can
D.
Should
2.
—_______
I
take
this
book
out
of
the
room?
—
Yes,
you
can.
A.
Must
B.
Need
C.
May
D.
Should
3.
—_______
I
meet
him
at
the
airport?
—No,
you
needn't.
A.
Must
B.
Can
C.
May
D.
Should
4.
—
Mom,
can
I
watch
T'V
now?
—
No.
You
________
tidy
your
room
first.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
could
5.
—
Hi,
Betty,
______
you
speak
German?
I
need
your
help.
—
Yes,
I
can.
I
have
learnt
it
for
7
years.
A.
can
B.
need
C.
must
D.
should
6.
—Must
I
hand
in
my
paper
now,
Mr.
Jones?
—
No,
you
_______.
You
can
hand
it
in
tomorrow.
A.
needn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
wouldn’t
D.
shouldn’t
7.
—_______
I
use
your
eraser?
—Certainly.
Here
you
are.
A.
Must
B.
May
C.
Would
D.
Need
8.
—
Must
I
answer
the
question
in
English?
—
No,
you
________.
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
shouldn’t
9.
—Jack,
can
you
make
jiaozi?
—Yes,
I
________.
A.
must
B.
can
C.
need
D.
may
10.
—
Linda,
_______
you
make
a
model
plane?
—
Yes,
I
can.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
need
D.
must
11.
—
Must
I
clean
the
room
now?
—No,
you
______.
A.
can’t
B.
needn’t
C.
wouldn’t
D.
shouldn’t
12.
—
______
I
have
a
look
at
your
dictionary?
—
Of
course
you
can.
Here
you
are.
A.
Need
B.
Can
C.
Must
D.
Should
13.
You
______
play
with
fire.
It’s
dangerous.
A.
might
not
B.
needn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
may
not
14.
—Doctor
Wang,
I'm
feeling
much
better.
Must
I
go
on
taking
the
medicine?
—No,
you
　　　.
You'll
get
well
soon.
A.
can't
B.
may
not
C.
needn't
D.
mustn't
15.
—______
I
go
out
for
fun,
mum?
—I’m
afraid
you
can’t.
You
must
finish
your
homework
first.
A.
Must
B.
Need
C.
Should
D.
Can
16.
—_______
I
borrow
your
ruler?
—
Of
course,
you
can.
Here
you
are.
A.
Can
B.
Will
C.
Should
D.
Must
17.
—
Mum,
must
I
clean
the
room
right
now?
—
No,
you
______.
A.
shouldn’t
B.
wouldn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
needn’t
18.
—_______
you
go
shopping
with
me?
—Sorry,
I
can’t.
A.
Need
B.
Should
C.
Must
D.
Can
19.
—Excuse
me,
_______
I
ask
you
a
question?
—Certainly.
What
is
it?
A.
must
B.
may
C.
should
D.
would
20.
—Tom,_______
you
read
it
in
Chinese?
—Sorry,
I
can’t.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
must
D.
need
21.
You
_______
stop
when
the
traffic
light
is
red.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
must
D.
need
22.
—_______
you
make
a
kite
for
me,
Dad?
I
want
to
fly
it
in
the
park.
—
Yes,
I
can.
A.
Can
B.
May
C.
Need
D.
Must
23.
—_______
I
take
the
PE
test,
Mr
Zhang?
—
Yes,
you
must.
A.
Can
B.
Will
C.
Should
D.
Must
24.
—_______
you
read
that
sign
from
this
distance?
—
Yes,
I
can.
A.
Can
B.
May
C.
Must
D.
Need
25.
—
Can
I
go
to
the
Baihai
Park,
mom?
—
Certainly.
But
you
_______be
back
by
six
o’clock.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
might
26.
Don’t
tell
anybody
else
what
I
said.
You
______
keep
it
a
secret.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
would
参考答案：
1.shall
2.must
3.must
4.can
5.can’t
6.needn’t
7.can’t
8.mustn’t
9.mustn’t
10.must
二、单项选择
1—5
ACACA
6—10
ABCBB
11—15
BBCCD
16—20
ADDBB
21—25
CADAC
26.C
情态动词
can
may
could
might
shall
dare
should
need
must
had
better
学生易错点整理：
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