中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
九全一册Unit
3语法精析精练
语法精析
宾语从句
宾语从句是指主句中用在动词或介词后作宾语的从句。在初中阶段,我们应该知道以下三个方面的内容
一、宾语从句的时态与主句中的动词保持一致。宾语从句的时态一致性需遵循以下原则:
1.当主句为过去时态时,从句必须使用过去的时态(根据需要使用适当的过去时态)
He
said
that
he
would
come
back
home
in
half
an
hour.
他说他半个小时后回来。
I
wondered
what
you
were
doing
at
this
time
last
night.
我想知道你昨晚的这个时候在干什么。
She
said
that
she
had
seen
the
film
before.
她说以前看过这部影片。
2.当主句为现在时态时,从句时态不受主句时间限制,根据其自身需要,使用适当的时态。
I
think
that
Mr
Black
will
give
us
a
talk
tomorrow
afternoon.
我想布莱克先生明天下午将会给我们作报告。
The
police
want
to
know
what
you
were
doing
at
4:
00
yesterday
afternoon.
警察想知道你昨天下午四点时在干什么。
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
railway
station?
请问到火车站怎么走?
3.当从句说明客观规律时,不受主句时态限制,只使用一般现在时
The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
circles
the
sun.
老师说地球围绕太阳转
He
told
us
that
two
and
two
is
four.他告诉我们2加2等于4
二、宾语从句需要一个引导词
宾语从句的引导词的选用与原句式有关
1.原句为陈述句时,宾语从句的引导词是that,可省略
He
said(
that)he
was
able
to
do
the
work
all
by
himself.
他说他能独自做这个工作。
He
told
me
that
he
would
come
to
see
me
this
afternoon.
他对我说他下午来看望我
2.原句为一般疑问句时,宾语从句的引导词是或
whether(是否)
He
asked
me
if
I
had
finished
my
homework.
他问我有没有做完作业。
(
if
I
had
finished
my
homework的原句式为:
had
I
finished
my
homework)
I
wonder
whether
he
is
a
student
or
a
teacher.
我想知道他是学生还是老师。
(
whether
he
is
a
student
or
a
teacher的原句式为:
is
he
a
student
or
a
teacher)
3.原句为特殊疑问句时,宾语从句的引导词是原问句的wh疑问词(特殊疑问词)
Please
go
and
see
when
the
train
will
arrive.
请去看看火车什么时候到
He
asked
me
how
I
got
on
with
my
classmates.
他问我和同学相处得怎么样
三、宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,如果原句是疑问句时,倒装句式和助动词要调整或去掉。
原句:
Are
you
waiting
for
him??
宾语从句:
He
wants
to
know
if
I
am
waiting
for
him.
原句:
When
did
he
come??
宾语从句:I
don’
t
know
when
he
came.
本单元在“
Could
you
tell
me...?”等句子中的宾语从句要特别注意语序。
语法精练
I.选择填空。
(
)1.
I
wonder_____you
can
go
there
with
me.
A.that
B.
what
C.if
D.where
(
)2.
I'm
looking
for
a
sweater
for
my
daughter,
Could
you
tell
me
what
color_____?
A.
I
should
choose
B.
should
I
choose
C.
I
chose
D.
did
I
choose
(
)3.
Can
you
tell
me_____?
A.
what
he
name
B.
what
his
name
is
C.
what
does
his
name
D.
what
is
his
name
(
)4.
I
don't
think
that_____able
to
come
here
tomorrow.
A.
he
can
B.
he
will
C.
he
is
D.
he'll
be
(
)5.
He
doesn't
know
if
she_____.If
she_____,he
will,
too.
A.
will
leave;
will
leave
B.
leaves;leaves
C.
will
leave;
leaves
D.
leaves;
will
leave
Ⅱ.把下面各句改为宾语从句。
1.
Can
you
help
me
with
my
homework?
I
wonder
.
2.
When
is
the
school
festival?
Can
you
tell
us
?
3.
How
can
I
get
to
the
library?
Could
you
please
tell
me
?
4.
Where
did
he
find
his
bike.
He
didn't
say
.
5.
Is
Mr
Sun
at
his
office
or
away?
Can
you
tell
me
?
答案
语法精练
I.
1.C
2.D
3.B
4.D
5.C
II.
1.
if
you
can
help
me
with
my
homework
2.
when
the
school
festival
is
3.
how
I
can
get
to
the
library
4.
where
he(had)
found
his
bike
5.
whether
Mr
Sun
is
at
his
office
or
away
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)