Unit12 Life is full of unexpected 语法精析精练+答案（暑假预习通用）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
九全一册Unit
12语法精析精练
语法精析
过去完成时
1.定义
(1)表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
(2)表示发生在过去的动作对过去的某一点造成的某种影或结果,用米指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。
2.概述
(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去发生的事对过去的影响与结果(根语境分析)。可以用by.
before等介词短语或一个时间状语从(在复合句中,由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫作时间状语从句)来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可通过上下文来表示。
By
nine
o'clock
last
night,
we
had
taken
200
pictures.
到昨天晚上9点钟,我们已经拍了200张图片了。
(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for,
since构成的时间状语连用。
I
had
been
at
the
bus
stop
for
20
minutes
when
a
bus
finally
came.
我在车站已经等了20分钟,一辆公共汽车终于来了。
(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。
Mr.
Smith
died
yesterday.
He
had
been
a
good
friend
of
mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。
I
didn't
know
a
thing
about
the
meeting,
for
I
had
not
attended
it.
我对那个会议一无所知,因为我没有参加过。
(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I
returned
the
book
that
I
had
borrowed.
我已归还了我借的书。
(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,
heard.,
thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
I
thought
I
had
sent
the
letter
a
week
before.
我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
(6)状语从句:在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,“发生在过去的过去”,用过去完成时:发生在后,用一般过去时。如when,
before,,
after,,
as
soon
as,,till/
until引导的
When
I
woke
up,
my
mother
had
already
gone
to
work.
我醒来时妈妈已经去上班了。
She
didn't
go
to
bed
until
she
had
finished
her
work.
她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。
注意:如果两个动作紧接着发生,则常常不用过去完成时,特别是在包含
before和
after
I的复合句中,因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确,这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
After
he
arrived
in
England,
Marx
worked
hard
to
improve
his
English.
马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平。
(7)动词
think,,want,hope,mean,plan,
intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。
They
had
wanted
to
help
but
could
not
get
there
in
time.
他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里
We
had
hoped
to
be
able
to
come
and
see
you.
我们本来希望能来看看你。
(8)过去完成时还可用在
hardly..when,
no
sooner...than,It
was
the
first((
second,,etc.)time(that)等固定句型中。
Hardly
had
he
begun
to
speak
when
the
audience
interrupted
him.
他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
No
sooner
had
he
arrived
than
he
went
away
again.
他刚到就又走了。
It
was
the
third
time
that
he
had
been
out
of
work
that
year.
这是他那一年第三次失业了。
3.基本结构
主语+had+过去分词(done)
①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词十其他
②否定句:主语+
had
not-+过去分词
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had
否定回答:No,主语+hadn't
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组十一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词+其他)?
⑤被动语态:主语+had(not)+been+过去分词十其他
语法精练
I.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1.We_________(paint)
the
house
before
we_________(move)in.
2.
That
rich
old
man_______________(make)a
will
before
he__________(die).
3.They___________(study)the
map
of
the
country
before
they__________(leave).
4.
The
robbers___________(run
away)before
the
policemen_________(arrive).
5.I
___________(turn
off)
all
the
lights
before
I________(go)to
bed.
6.Paul_________(go)out
with
Jane
after
he___________(make)a
phone
call.
7.Tom_________(say)he___________(read)the
book
twice.
8.
Our
plan_____________(fail)
because
we_________(make)a
bad
mistake.
9.
When
the
chairman________(finish)
speaking,
he_________(leave)the
hall.
10.
The
Reads__________(have)lunch
when
I__________(get)to
their
house.
11.
When
I
_________(arrive)at
the
station,
he_________(leave).
12.We
___________(learn)about
4000
English
words
by
the
end
of
last
term.
13.
I
waited
until
he___________(finish)his
homework.
14.
We
were
surprised
at
what
she________already_________(do).
15.She________(not
go)to
Qingdao
because
she
___________(be)
there
before.
16.He_________(not
tell)you
the
news
yet.
17.
He
said
he_______already__________(give)the
book
to
the
teacher.
18.I
_________(be)to
Shanghai
before.
19.
She
told
me
she
_________(be)to
Jinan
three
times.
20.She____________(play)the
guitar
while
her
sister
Ⅱ.句型转换。
I
had
sold
the
ticket
when
she
came..(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________________________
She
had
sung
a
song
to
us
before
she
danced..(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________________
They
began
to
climb
the
mountain
after
they
had
bought
all
the
food
and
drink..(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________________
By10:00am.
I
had
been
very
hungry..(改为一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________________
Lucy
had
already
completed
the
project
when
I
arrived.(一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________________
By
the
time
he
got
to
the
airport,
the
plane
had
taken
off.(一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________________
He
had
broken
his
arm
when
I
saw
him..(对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________________
When
he
had
read
the
note,.
he
ate
it,.(对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________________
Jack
didn't
go
to
the
cinema
because
he
had
seen
the
film.(画线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________________
We
had
had
the
toys
for
ten
years
before
we
gave
them
to
the
child..(对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________________
She
had
written
the
book
by
the
end
of160.(对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________________
We
cooked
the
dumplings..
We
ate
them
up..(用过去完成时连接两句）
______________________________________________________________________
Jim'
s
father
mended
the
car..
It
was
broken..(用过去完成时连接两句)
______________________________________________________________________
14
We
had
our
tests..
Then
we
had
a
long
holiday..(用过去完成时连接两句)
______________________________________________________________________
He
showed
us
the
picture.
Then
he
showed
us
around
the
house..(用过去完成时连接两句)
______________________________________________________________________
答案
语法精练
I.
1.
had
painted;
moved
2.
had
made;
died
3.
had
studied;
left
4.
had
run
away;
arrived
5.
had
turned
off;
went
6.
went;
had
made
7.
said;
had
read
8
failed;
had
made
9.
(had)finished;
left
10.
were
having/had
had;
got
11.
arrived;
had
left
12.
had
learned
13.(had)finished
14.
had;
done
15.
didn't
go;
had
been
16.
hasn't
told
17
had;
given
18.
have
been
19.
had
been
20.
was
playing;
was
singing
II.
1.
I
hadn't
sold
the
ticket
when
she
came.
2.
She
hadn't
sung
a
song
to
us
before
she
danced.
3.
They
didn't
begin
to
climb
the
mountain
after
they
had
bought
all
the
food
and
drink.
4.
Had
you
been
very
hungry
by
10:
00
a.
m.?
5.
Had
Lucy
completed
the
project
when
I
arrived
yet?
6.
Had
the
plane
taken
off
by
the
time
he
got
to
the
airport?
7.
What
had
he
done
when
you
saw
him?
8.
What
did
he
do
when
he
had
read
the
note?
9.
Why
didn't
Jack
go
to
the
cinema?
10.
How
long
had
you/we
had
the
toys
before
you/we
gave
them
to
the
child?
11.
What
had
she
written
by
the
end
of
1960?
12.
After
we
had
cooked
the
dumplings,
we
ate
them
up.
13.
Jim's
father
mended
the
car
because
it
had
been
broken.
14.
After
we
had
our
tests,
we
had
a
long
holiday.
15.
Before
he
showed
us
around
the
house,
he
had
showed
us
the
picture.
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