Unit14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7. 语法精析精练+答案（暑假预习通用）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
九全一册Unit
14语法精析精练
语法精析
初中阶段动词时态的用法汇总(二)
现在完成时
一、现在完成时的构成:主语+助动词have/has+动词过去分词+其他
二、现在完成时的用法
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结常与
already,yet,ever,
never,,just,
before等词连用
Have
you
ever
cooked
at
home??你在家做过饭吗?
You
have
already
grown
much
taller..你已经长高了许多
2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,并可能还延续。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,常用的有:for+一段时间;
since++过去时间点或从句。(
since用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度),提问用
how
long.
It
has
been
five
years
since
he
joined
the
army.他参军五年了。
They
have
learned
English
for
eight
years.他们已学了八年的英语了。
3.现在完成时需注意的问题
(1)表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,短暂性动词如:
appear,,
begin,,
borrow,,lend,buy,
close,,come,die,fall,
find,
finish,
join,
kill,
leave,
sell,
stop
He
has
joined
the
army
for
five
years..(错误)
He
has
been
in
the
army
for
five
years..(正确)
注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
I
have
received
his
letter
for
a
month.(错误)
I
haven't
received
his
letter
for
almost
a
month.
(正确)
(2)不能和明确的过去时间状语连用,如:
yesterday,,last
week,
in
1998,
two
days
ago
(3)have/
has
been
to和have/
has
gone
to的区别:
have/
has
been
to去过某地(指原来去过某地,现在没在)
have/
has
gone
to去了某地(指现在不在说话的地点,可能已经到目的地,也可能在去的路上)
(4)比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,强调动作,不和现在发生联系,常与具体的过去时间状语连用,如
yesterday,last
week,..,
ago,
in1980,
in
October,
just
now现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,不能与表过去的时间状语连用。
I
saw
this
film
yesterday..(强调看的动作发生过了
I
have
seen
this
film..(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)
Why
did
you
get
up
so
early??(强调起床的动作已发生过了)
He
has
been
a
League
member
for
three
years..(强调他是团
过去完成时
一、过去完成时的构成:助动词had+动词过去分词+其他
二、过去完成时的用法
1.表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是“过去的过去”。常与“by/
before+过去时间”构成的短语连用
The
train
had
already
left
before
we
arrived.在我们到达之前,火车已经开走了
He
said
that
he
had
learned
some
English
before.他说过他以前学过一些英语
2.表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态,常与for/
since引导的表示过去的时间状语连用
I
had
lived
in
America
for
two
years
before
I
came
here.我来这儿之前在美国住过两年。
3.表示过去未曾实现的计划、愿望等。这种用法中常用的动词为hope,want,plan,wish,
expect.,
think.,
intend,mean,suppose等。
We
had
hoped
that
you
would
come,
but
you
didn't.那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。
I
had
thought
that
all
knew
about
it.我以为他们都知道这件事呢。
语法精练
(
)1.-Do
you
know
our
town?
-No,
this
is
the
first
time
I________here.
A.was
B.
have
been
C.came
D.
am
coming
(
)2.-Have
you_______been
to
our
town
before?
-No,
it's
the
first
time
I
A.even;come
B.
even;
have
come
C.ever;
come
D.
ever;
have
come
(
)3.
Do
you
know_____________?
A.
how
long
has
he
lived
here
B.
how
long
he
has
lived
here
C.
he
has
lived
here
how
long
D.
he
has
lived
how
long
here
(
)4.
You
don't
need
to
describe
her.
I_______her
several
times.
A.
had
met
B.
have
met
C.met
D.meet
(
)5.-I'm
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting.
-Oh,
not
at
all.
I_______here
only
a
few
minutes.
A.
have
been
B.
had
been
C.was
D.will
be
(
)6.
The
students__________busily
when
Miss
Brown
went
to
get
a
book
she_________in
the
office.
A.
had
written;
left
B.
were
writing;
has
left
C.
had
written;
had
left
D.
were
writing;
had
left
(
)7.
My
dictionary__________I
have
looked
for
it
everywhere
but
still_______it.
A.
has
lost;
don't
find
B.
is
missing;
don't
find
C.
has
lost;
haven't
found
D.
is
missing;
haven't
found
答案
j语法精练
1.B2.D3.B4.B5.A6.D7.D
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