外研版英语七年级上学期语法专题复习
指示代词
【概念引入】
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。本次我们主要讲解指示代词的用法。
指示代词的用法。
用来表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的词叫指示代词。
英文中的指示代词有:this(这个), these(这些),that(那个), those(那些)。
this(these)一般用来指时间或者空间上较近的事物。
例如:Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗?
These are his brothers. 这些是他的兄弟们。
These yellow socks are good. 这些黄色的袜子很好。
that(those)常用来指时间或者空间上较远的事物。
例如:That dictionary is Helen’s. 那个字典是海伦的。
How much is that white bag? 那个白色的包多少钱?
Are those your books? 那些是你的书吗?
指示代词练习
一、选择题
—What are _____?
—They are pencils.
A.this B.that C.it D.those
—Are these your cousins?
—_____. They are my sister and brother.
A.Yes, these are B.No, these aren't
C.No, they aren't D.Yes, they are
—Are those pens green?
—_____. They're black.
A.Yes, those are B.Yes, they are
C.No, they aren't D.No, those aren't
—Are those your parents?
—_____. They are my uncle and aunt.
A.Yes, they are B.No, they aren't
C.Yes, those are D.No, those aren't
Look! _____ are my brothers, Jack and Bob.
A.It B.These C.This D.That
—Mom, _____ my friend Jack.
—Hi, Jack. Nice to meet you.
A.she is B.this is C.that is D.he is
—_____ Mrs Wang speaking?
—Yes, _____ Mrs Wang.
A.Is this; I am B.Are you; I am
C.Is that; this is D.Are you; this is
—Is that Danny Brown speaking?
—Yes. _____?
A.What's your name B.Who are you
C.Who's that
—Look! What's _____ in the sky (天空)?
—It's a bird.
A.this B.that C.it D.those
Jim, _____ my sister Mary and _____ my parents.
A.this is; that's B.these are; those are
C.this is; these are D.these are; this is
—Is _____ your family photo?
—Yes, it is. And _____ are my sisters.
A.this; this B.these; these C.these; this D.this; these
—Are _____ your parents?
—Yes, _____ are.
A.this; they B.that; it C.these; they D.these; these
—Are these your brothers?
— .
A.Yes, these are B.No, these are
C.Yes, they aren't D.No, they aren't
_____ are my parents. _____ work in an office.
A.These; They B.This; He C.They; It
—Are your ?
一Yes, they are.
A.these; notebook B.this; notebooks
C.those; notebooks D.that; notebook
Mum, _____ my friends, Dale and Helen.
A.this is B.he is C.these are
—Are those her erasers?
—_____.
A.Yes, those are B.No, it isn't
C.No, they aren't
—Jane, _____ is my brother, David.
—Nice to meet you.
A.this B.that C.he D.it
Hello, Kate. _____ my friend, Helen.
A.It's B.This's C.She's D.This is
Are _____ Lucy's _____?
A.this; pens B.that; pen C.these; pens D.those; pen
—How much are _____ shoes?
—_____ are 180 yuan.
A.this; They B.this; It C.these; They D.these; It
—Tom, what's this in English?
—_____.
A.This is pen B.It's a pen C.It's pen D.Pens
—Are your brothers?
—No, aren't. They are TFBOYS.
A.this; it B.these; those C.these; they D.they; them
—Look! What's _____ in the sky?
—It looks like a kite.
A.that B.this C.these D.those
—How much are _____ shorts?
—They're twenty-two _____.
A.those; dollar B.those; dollars C.that; dollar D.that; dollars
—Are those your grandparents?
—_____.
A.Yes, these are B.No, those aren't
C.Yes, they are D.No, these aren't
—Are _____ my _____?
—No, they aren't.
A.these, books B.that, book
C.those, book
_____ my brother and _____ my sister.
A.This's; that is B.This's; that's C.this is; that is D.This is; that's
—Eric, look at this picture. Are _____ two boys your brothers?
—Yes, _____ my brothers, Alan and Mike.
A.these; they B.these; these are
C.those; they are D.those; those are
—Is this your pencil?
—_____. My pencil is in my schoolbag.
A.Yes, it is B.Yes, this is C.No, it isn't D.No, this isn't
—what are _____ in English?
—Bananas.
A.this B.that C.those
—What are those?
—_____ are cakes (蛋糕).
A.That B.These C.They
—Is _____ your pen?
—Yes, _____ is.
A.this, that B.that, this C.that, it
—Is this his eraser?
—_____.
A.Yes, this is B.Yes, it isn't C.Yes, it is
Tom, _____ is my father. Dad, _____ is my friend Tom.
A.this; this B.this; that C.that; that D.that; this
二、填空题
(this) two girls are my sister and my cousin.
Those are orange carrots.(改单数)
orange carrot.
Those are orange bags. (变为单数句子)
orange bag.
Is this your brother's key? (变为复数句)
your brother's keys?
This is my ruler. (改为复数句)
my rulers.
Jane, are (that) your sisters?
Are these your parents?(作否定回答)
No, .
Those are oranges. (改为单数句)
orange.
Those are my cousins. (改为否定句)
my cousins.
Those are some English books. (改为单数句)
English book.
答案
一、选择题
1. 【答案】D
【解析】考查代词的用法。根据问句中的“are”以及答语可知后加代词的复数形式,A 选项 this 意为这个;B 选项 that 意为那个;C 选项 it 意为它;D 选项 those 意为那些,故选 D。
【知识点】those
2. 【答案】C
【解析】根据问句询问这些是你的堂兄弟姐妹吗?以及答语回答为他们是我的妹妹和弟弟,可知答语应为否定回答,而且由于问句用 those 提问,故应用 they 回答,故选 C。
【知识点】these
3. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语
4. 【答案】B
【知识点】指示代词的答语、those
5. 【答案】B
【解析】考查指示代词。句意:看!那些是我的兄弟,杰克和鲍勃。句子中的谓语 are 是复数,因此主语也要用复数。
【知识点】these
6. 【答案】B
【解析】考察代词。句意:——妈妈,这是我的朋友杰克。——你好,杰克。很高兴见到你。介绍某人是用指示代词 this。由于杰克是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is。
【知识点】this
7. 【答案】C
【知识点】Is that...(speaking)?、打电话时介绍自己
8. 【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。打电话问对方是谁,用 Who's that?。
【知识点】打电话时询问对方
9. 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——看!天空中那是什么?——它是一只鸟。根据语境可知,天空中的物体一定是比较远的,且问句中的动词是 is,所以要用表单数的指示代词 that。
【知识点】that
10. 【答案】C
【解析】句意:吉姆,这是我姐姐玛丽,这是我的父母。“my sister”为单数形式,第一空应用单数形式指示代词 this,be 动词用 is;“my parents”为复数形式,第二空应用复数形式指示代词 these, be 动词用 are,选项 C 符合题意。
【知识点】that is、are、these
11. 【答案】D
【解析】句意:——这是你家人的照片吗?——是的,它是。还有,这些是我的姐妹们。问句中系动词用了 Is,说明主语是单数,所以空格处应该用单数形式 this;第二空后系动词用了 are,因此主语应该用复数形式。
【知识点】these、this
12. 【答案】C
【解析】句意:——这两位是你的父母吗?——是的,他们是。parents 是可数名词复数,则第一空应填写 these,其次“Are these your parents?”是一般疑问句,回答时应用代词 they 指代 these。
【知识点】they、these
13. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查的是句型与回答。句意:——这些是你的兄弟吗?——不,他们不是。“Are these…”问句的肯定回答是“Yes, they are.”,否定回答是“No, they aren't”。
因此,正确答案是D。
【知识点】指示代词的答语、一般疑问句及回答、they
14. 【答案】A
【知识点】these、they
15. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是代词的辨析和名词的数。句意:——那些是你的笔记本吗?——是的,它们是。these 这些;this 这个;those 那些;that 那个;notebook 笔记本,可数名词;根据回答可知应用复数形式。
因此,正确答案是C。
【知识点】those
16. 【答案】C
【知识点】these
17. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、一般疑问句及回答
18. 【答案】A
【解析】句意:——Jane,这是我弟弟,David。——很高兴认识你。根据空后面 is 可知主语是单数,介绍人时用 this。
【知识点】this
19. 【答案】D
【解析】句意:你好,凯特。这是我的朋友,海伦。根据句意可知这是在介绍人物,而介绍他人要用指示代词,单数用 this/ that is,复数用 these/ those are。题干中只介绍一个人,用 this is,this is 不可以缩写。
【知识点】this
20. 【答案】C
【解析】根据题干可知,are 和 these/ those 连用,名词用可数名词复数形式。故选 C。
【知识点】these
21. 【答案】C
【解析】句意:——这双鞋子多少钱?——180 元。shoe 一般以复数形式出现,由 shoes 可知第一空用 these,再次提到 these shoes 时,为避免重复可用代词 they 来代替。
【知识点】they、these
22. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查的是情景交际。句意:——Tom,这个用英语怎么说?——它是一支笔。“What's this/that (in English)?”意为“这个/那个(用英语)怎么说?”,答语是“It is+a/an+单数名词”或直接说出是某物。
因此,正确答案是B。
【知识点】指示代词的答语、What's this/that(in English)?
23. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是代词辨析。句意:——这些是你的兄弟吗?——不,他们不是。他们是TFBOYS。this 这,单数代词;these 这些,复数代词;those 那些,复数代词;it 它,人称代词;they 他/她/它们,人称代词主格,作主语;them 他/她/它们,人称代词宾格,作宾语;问句中,根据are可知,使用复数代词作主语,排除A;答语中,空处内容作主语,排除D;在回答主语是these或those的一般疑问句时,通常用they来代替these或those,排除B。
因此,正确答案是C。
【知识点】指示代词的答语、they、these
24. 【答案】A
【解析】根据答语中的 It 可先排除含有复数意义的 these 和 those;再根据答语句意“它看起来像一只风筝”可推断,那个物品离说话人距离很远,所缺的词是 that。
【知识点】基本用法
25. 【答案】B
【知识点】those、dollar
26. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、一般疑问句及回答
27. 【答案】A
【知识点】these、book
28. 【答案】D
【知识点】基本用法
29. 【答案】C
【知识点】those、指示代词的答语
30. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、一般疑问句及回答
31. 【答案】C
【知识点】those
32. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、they
33. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、基本用法
34. 【答案】C
【知识点】指示代词的答语、一般疑问句及回答
35. 【答案】A
【知识点】基本用法
二、填空题
36. 【答案】These
【知识点】these
37. 【答案】That;is
【解析】考查复数句变单数句。句意:那些是橙色的胡萝卜。→那是橙色的胡萝卜。复数句中主语是那些 those,它的单数是 that,位于句首,因此首字母大写变成 That。当主语是单数 that 时,句子的 be 动词也要把 are 变成 is。故答案为:That;is。
【知识点】that
38. 【答案】That's;an
【知识点】a/an的区别、that
39. 【答案】Are;these
【知识点】are、these
40. 【答案】These;are
【知识点】these
41. 【答案】those
【解析】句子的表语 your sisters 是复数形式,因此主语要用 that 的复数形式 those。
【知识点】those
42. 【答案】they;aren't
【知识点】指示代词的答语、they
43. 【答案】That's;an
【知识点】a/an的区别、三单、that、肯定句
44. 【答案】Those;aren't
【知识点】否定句、those
45. 【答案】That's;an
【知识点】that