中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
To
find
out
the
rules
of
the
Present
Perfect
tense.
To
know
the
usage
of
the
Present
Perfect
tense.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
现在完成时
现在完成时的定义
现在完成时的构成用法
含有since和for的现在完成时态
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
概念：
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
二、时间状语：recently,
lately,
since…for…,in
the
past
few
years,
etc.
三、基本结构：have/has
+
done
四、否定形式：have/has
+
not
+done.
五、一般疑问句：have或has提前
一般过去时与现在完成时的时态描述的动
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)作都始于过去。现在完成时主要表示，发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续；侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。它主要适用于下面的几种情况：
表示截止现在已完成的动作
By
now,
I
have
collected
all
the
data
that
I
need.
She
has
read
150
pages
today
.她今天已看了150页。
表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
Have
you
had
your
dinner?
你吃晚饭了吗？
表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续
It
has
been
five
years
since
he
joined
the
army
.他参军五年了。
注意：
一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思，以及它所处的语言环境。
例如：
He
speaks
English.
（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。）
He
spoke
English
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hen
he
was
in
New
Zealand.
（一般过去时，说明动作发生的时间。）
He
is
speaking
English.
（现在进行时，说明动作正在进行。）
He
has
spoken
Engl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ish
for
three
years
since
he
came
to
the
USA（现在完成时，这里说明动作的总和。）
He
has
been
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)speaking
English
since
he
came
to
the
USA.
（现在完成进行时，强调动作的连续性。）
在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时；如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
例如：
I
will
not
play
tennis
if
it
rains
tomorrow.
I
would
not
play
tennis
if
it
rained
the
next
day.
现在完成时的时间状语
A.
凡是"完成时态"都表
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)示，不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间,
所以在使用现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，如：yesterday,
last
week
(
month,
year
,
etc.
)
,
two
weeks
ago
,
in
1999等；但常和有些副词连用，如：
just
,
before
,
already
,
often
,
never
,
ever
,
not…yet
,
always等等。
B.
在以when提问的特
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里，因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间，属于表示具体过去时间的状语。但是可以用before
来表示"以前"的意义，因为它只表示"以前"，而不知什么时候的以前。
C.
如果是不表示连续性的动词用于现
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)在完成时的句子，不可以和以for表示的"一段时间"的状语连用。在这种情况下，应该用"It
has
been
…
；since…"的句式来表达。如：
He
has
joined
the
army
for
five
years.
（错误）
It
has
been
five
years
since
he
joined
the
army.
（正确）
能与现在完成时连用词语很多，如副词
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)just,
already,
yet,
before,
ever,
recently
等。本单元主要学习的是since与for在现在完成时的使用与区别，如下：
（1）since
作介词
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)时，后面可以接一个具体的过去时间点，如：since
1980；也可以接“
一段时间+
ago”，如：since
two
months
ago，since
three
years
ago。since
还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
例如：
We
have
known
each
other
since
we
went
to
college.
我们上大学时就互相认识了。
（2）for
后面接时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间，如：for
half
an
hour，for
three
years。www.21-cn-jy.com
注意：非延续性动词不能直接跟fo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
或since引导的时间状语连用，但可以用相应的延续性动词或表示状态的形容词、副词或介词短语来替换这些非延续性动词。
有些动词表示无法持续的动作，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有：be
,
believe
,
consist
,
find
,
forget
,
hate
,
have
,
hope
,
hear
,
know
,
like
,
love
,
notice
,
prefer
,
remember
,
see
,
seem
,
smell
,
suggest
,
taste
,
understand
,
want
,
wish
,
sit
down
,
stand
up
等。如若要变成延续性动词，如下所示：
come
to
→
be
in
/
at
go
out
→
be
out
leave
→
be
away
begin
/
start
→
be
on
stop
→
be
over
buy
→
have
borrow
→
keep
/
have
open
→
be
open
close
→
be
closed
become
→
be
fall
asleep
→
be
asleep
fall
ill
→
be
ill
catch
a
cold
→
have
a
cold
get
to
know
→
know
die
→
be
dead
join
→
be
in
/
be
a
member
of
例如：
他离开家乡已经两年了。
错误说法：He
has
left
his
hometown
for
two
years.
正确说法：He
has
been
away
from
his
hometown
for
two
years.
注意：Be动词若是用于进行时态，可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。例如：
Tom
is
being
a
good
boy
today
.汤姆今天很乖。
He
is
being
childish
.他这样做是耍孩子气。
You
are
not
being
modest
.你这样说不太谦虚。
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调事情发生的时间在过去，不涉及对现在的影响，且句中一般含有表示过去的时间状语。2-1-c-n-j-y
试比较：
The
plane
has
arrived.
飞机已经抵达了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿。）
The
plane
arrived
a
quarter
ago.
飞机是在一刻钟之前抵达的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去。）
综合练习
一、根据要求写出相应的单词
1.
understand
____________(过去式)
2.
different
___________(n.)
3.
secret
___________(adv.)
4.
pull
_________(现在分词)
5.
celebration
________________(v.)
6.
full
_________(反义词)
7.
army
_________(复数形式)
8.
punish
____________(n.)
9.
quiet
_________(adv.)
10.
steal
__________（过去分词)
答案：1.
understood
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)；
2.
difference；
3.
secretly；
4.
pulling；
5.
celebrate
6.
hungry；
7.
armies;
8.
punishment;
9.
quietly;
10.
stole
二、单选
(
)1.
Tracy
is
so
kind.
We
_____
friends
since
ten
years
ago.2·1·c·n·j·y
A.
became
B.
were
C.
have
been
(
)2.
I
have
lived
in
Shenzhen
_____
ten
years.【版权所有：21教育】
A.
since
B.
for
C.
in
(
)3.
The
Greens
_____
in
London
since
1980.
A.
lived
B.
are
living
C.
have
lived
(
)4.
He
has
learnt
to
play
the
piano
_____
two
years
ago.21
cnjy
com
A.
since
B.
for
C.
in
(
)5.
How
long
have
you
_____
the
car?
A.
borrowed
B.
lent
C.
had
(
)6.
Her
grandma
_____
for
two
years.
A.
died
B.
has
died
C.
has
been
dead
(
)7.
Hurry
up!
The
film
_____
ten
minutes
ago.
A.
is
on
B.
has
been
on
C.
began
(
)8.
---
Where
is
Mary?
---
She
_____
to
the
library.
She
just
now.
A.
has
gone;
left
B.
has
gone;
has
left
C.
went;
left
(
)9.
---
_____
you
_____
the
film?
---
Not
yet.
I
am
going
to
see
it
tomorrow.
A.
Do;
see
B.
Are;
seeing
C.
Have;
seen
(
)10.
He
_____
the
army
for
two
years.
A.
joined
B.
has
joined
C.
has
been
in
(
)11.
You
_____
the
book
for
two
weeks.
You
should
return
it
to
the
library.
A.
kept
B.
have
kept
C.
borrowed
(
)12.
She
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nzhen
_____
a
small
city
in
the
past.
But
in
the
past
thirty
years,
a
great
change
_____.
【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
A.
was;
took
place
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
was;
has
taken
place
C.
has
been;
took
place
(
)13.
He
has
_____
London
twice
and
_____
New
York
for
ten
years.
A.
gone
to;
been
in
B.
been
to;
been
in
C.
gone
to;
been
to
(
)14.
It
is
about
two
years
since
he
_____
his
home
town.
A.
left
B.
has
left
C.
has
been
away
(
)15.
He
_____
his
work
and
_____
home
just
now.
has
just
finished;
has
gone
just
finished;
has
gone
C.
has
just
finished;
went
答案：1-5
CBCAC
6-10
CBACC
11-15
BABCC
Unit6
Ancient
Stories：
现在完成时
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
一、单项填空
(
)1.
---
Where
were
you
last
Saturday?
---
I
____
in
the
Capital
Museum.
A.
am
B.
will
C.
have
been
D.
was
(
)2.
Last
year,
Sh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)enzhou-8
_______
into
the
space.
It
made
us
proud.
A.
is
sent
B.
was
sent
C.
sends
D.
sent
(
)3.The
old
man
_____
in
Shanghai,
but
he
_____
in
Haikou
now.
A.
be
born;
live
B.
was
born
live
C.
is
born;
lives
D.
Was
born;
lives
(
)4.
---Is
that
a
new
coat？
---No，I____
it
for
a
long
time．
A.
bought
B.
have
bought
C.
have
had
D.
buy
(
)5.
I
don’t
remember
when
and
where
I
_____
this
umbrella.
A.
buy
B.
have
bought
C.
will
buy
D.
bought
(
)
6.
If
two
things
are
_________,
they
are
not
the
same.21教育网
A.
similar
B.
different
C.
alike
D.
difficult
(
)7.
_________
is
the
time
after
12
o'clock
in
the
evening.【出处：21教育名师】
A.
Tonight
B.
Night
C.
Midnight
D.
Noon
(
)8.
---
Why
did
the
police
take
Bill
away?
---
Because
he
_________
money
from
his
neighbour.21世纪教育网版权所有
A.
invented
B.
bought
C.
stole
D.
take
(
)
9.
---
Did
you
watch
the
film
last
night?
---No,
I
didn't.
My
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)parents
_________
me
by
not
letting
me
go
out
because
I
had
done
something
wrong.2·1·c·n·j·y
A.
encouraged
B.
mentioned
C.
punished
D.
told
(
)
10.
---
_________
has
Tom
been
in
the
army?【版权所有：21教育】
---
_________
last
year.
A.
How
soon;
Since
B.
How
often;
For
C.
How
long;
Since
D.
When;
At
(
)
11.
---
Don't
______
the
poor
people.
It's
impolite.21教育名师原创作品
---
Sorry,
I
won't
do
things
______
that
again.21
cnjy
com
A.
smile
at;
like
B.
tell
jokes;
likes
C.
make
jokes
on;
like
D.
laugh
at;
liking
(
)
12.
---
Do
you
want
to
go
to
Changsha
or
Shenzhen
for
winter?
---
______.
A.
Yes,
I
do
B.
Changsha.
I
like
snowing
C.
I
went
to
Shenzhen
D.
I
don’t
know
答案：1-5
CBCCD
6-10
BCCCC
11-12
BB
二、用since,
for,
already,
yet,
ever,
so
far,
before或
just填空
1.
I
have
_______
read
this
book.
2.
She
hasn't
finished
her
homework
_______.
3.
_______
she
has
made
many
new
friends.
4.
Tom
has
been
away
from
home
_______
two
months.21·世纪
教育网
5.
He
has
been
in
the
army
_______
2008.
6.
We
have
_______
seen
him
here.
7.
Have
you
_______
been
to
Britain?
8.
He
has
lived
here
_______
he
was
born.
9.
Mary
has
never
known
this
man
_______.
10.
He
has
kept
the
book
_______
a
week.
答案：1.
already；
2.
yet；
3.
So
far;
4.
for；
5.
since；
6.
just
7.
ever；
8.
since；
9.
before;
10.
for.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
现在完成时
现在完成时的定义
现在完成时的构成用法
含有since和for的现在完成时态
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
学生易错点整理：
——————————————————
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
一、选择填空。
1.
My
aunt
is
a
writer.
She
____
more
than
ten
books
since
1980.
A.
writes
B.
wrote
C.
has
written
D.
will
write
2.
---
Are
you
going
to
the
bank,
Laura?
---
No,
I
______
to
the
bank
already.
A.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
am
going
D.
had
been
3.
Sherlock
Holmes
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
asked
the
suspect
what
he______
when
the
murder
took
place.
A.
was
doing
B.
has
done
C.
is
doing
D.
would
do
4.
---Look!
Someone
_______
the
classroom．
---Well，it
wasn't
me．I
didn't
do
it．
A.
is
cleaning
B.
was
cleaning
C.
has
cleaned
D.
will
clean
5.
They
_____
England
and
they
will
be
back
next
week.
21cnjy.com
A.
have
gone
to
B.
have
been
to
C.
has
gone
to
D.
has
been
on
6.
---
Excuse
me,
where
is
Mr.
Brown’s
office?
21·cn·jy·com
---Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
I
______
here
for
only
a
few
days.
A.
work
B.
worked
C.
have
worked
D.
will
work
7.
---The
boy
misses
his
parents
very
much．
---So
he
does．They
_____
the
hometown
for
nearly
two
years．
A.
have
left
B.
will
leave
C.
have
been
away
from
D.
had
left
8.
I
don't
feel
very
well，Jack．I'm
afraid
you______
me
your
cold．
A.
give
B.
had
given
C.
have
given
D.
would
give
9.
---What
a
nice
watch!
How
long
you
it？
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
---For
just
two
weeks．
A.
will；
buy
B.
have；
had
C.
were；
having
D.
did；buy
10.
School
violen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ce______
much
attention
of
the
whole
society
and
people
are
calling
on
the
government
to
make
laws
against
it
as
early
as
possible．
A.
drew
B.
will
draw
C.
has
drawn
D.
was
drawing
11.
It
seems
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)that
El
Nino
some
disasters
in
the
world
in
the
past
few
months.
A.
has
caused
B.
is
causing
C.
will
cause
D.
caused
12.
---It's
the
second
time
I
came
to
Xiamen．It____
a
lot．
www.21-cn-jy.com
---Yes，it's
more
and
more
beautiful．
A.
was
changing
B.
has
changed
C.
will
change
D.
had
changed
13.
He
________in
Zhuzhou
since
seven
years
ago．
A.
works
B.
worked
C.
has
worked
D.
work
14.
---Mom，I
want
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
watch
The
legend
of
Miyue（芈月传）on
China
8
tonight．
---Oh，dear，it
for
a
few
minutes．Come
on!
A.
has
begun
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
will
begin
C.
has
been
on
D.
will
be
on
15.
---Look，the
light
is
still
on
in
Helen's
office．
www-2-1-cnjy-com
---Maybe
she
her
work
yet．
A.
doesn't
finish
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
won't
finish
C.
hasn't
finished
D.
didn't
finish
16.
Don’t
disturb
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Allen
now.
He_______
or
the
Spelling
Bee
competition.
A.
prepares
B.
prepared
C.
is
preparing
D.
will
prepare
17.
So
far，the
AIIB（亚
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)投行）________57
countries
to
be
the
founding
members.
A.
attracted
B.
has
attracted
C.
will
attract
D.
attracts
18.
---
Look！Someone________
the
icebox
back
to
the
corner.
---
Well，it
wasn’t
me.
I
didn’t
do
it.
A.
has
moved
B.
is
moving
C.
was
moving
D.
moved
19.
Echo
_____
for
half
a
month.
She'll
come
hack
in
two
months.
A.
left
B.
has
been
away
C.
has
left
D.
leave
20.
I
have
been
to
Shanghai.
I
____________
there
last
month.
A.
go
B.
went
C.
have
gone
D.
will
go
答案：1-5
CAACA
6-10
CCCBC
11-15
ABCCC
16-20
CBADB
阅读专题练习
A
Mr.
Lee
was
in
bed
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)and
was
trying
to
go
to
sleep
when
he
heard
the
bell
ring.
He
turned
on
the
light
and
looked
at
his
clock.
It
was
twelve
o'clock.
"Who
can
it
be
at
this
time
of
night?"
He
thought.
He
decided
to
go
and
find
out.
So
he
got
of
bed,
put
on
his
dressing
gown
(浴袍)
and
went
to
the
door.
When
he
opened
the
door,
there
was
nobody
there.
"That
is
very
strange."
Then
he
went
back
to
his
bedroom,
took
off
his
dressing
gown,
got
back
into
bed
,turned
off
the
light
and
tried
to
go
to
sleep.
A
few
minutes
later
he
heard
the
bell
again.
Mr.
Lee
jumped
out
of
bed
very
quickly
and
rushed
to
the
door.
He
opened
it,
but
again
he
found
no
one
there.
He
closed
the
door
and
tried
not
to
feel
angry.
Then
he
saw
a
piece
of
paper
on
the
floor.
He
picked
it
up.
There
were
some
words
on
it
:
"It
is
now
after
midnight(午夜),
so
it
is
April
Fool's
Day
(禺人节)
.
April
fool
to
you!"
"Oh,
it
was
the
English
boy
next
door!"
Mr.
Lee
exclaimed
(惊叫)
and
almost
smiled.
He
went
back
to
bed
and
feel
asleep
at
once.
The
bell
did
not
ring
again.
(
)
1.
When
did
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Mr.
Lee
go
to
bed?
He
went
to
bed
_______.
A.
before
twelve
o'clock????
B.
after
twelve
o'clock
C.
when
the
bell
rang???????
D.
when
he
saw
the
boy
(
)
2.
Why
did
he
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
rush
to
the
door
when
he
heard
the
bell
ring
the
second
time?
A.
He
wanted
to
open
the
door
for
the
visitor
B.
He
wanted
to
find
out
who
the
visitor
was.
C.
He
was
afraid
of
the
ring
D.
He
was
waiting
for
someone.2-1-c-n-j-y
(
)
3.
From
this
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)assage,
we
learn
that
we
can
_______
on
April
Fool's
Day.
A.
say
"Hello"
to
each
other???
B.
dance
and
sing
at
night
C.
play
jokes
on
each
other????
D.
send
presents
to
children
(
)
4.
What
did
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Mr.
Lee
think
about
the
English
boy?
He
thought
he
_________.
A.
was
a
good
boy???????????????????????
B.
was
friendly
with
him
C.
shouldn't
ring
the
bell
at
midnight??
D.
did
a
dangerous
thing
just
now
B
Babies
love
chocola
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)te
and
sometimes
they
also
eat
the
paper
around
it.
My
cat
enjoys
a
meal
of
good,
thick
paper,
old
letters,
for
example.
She
does
not
like
newspapers
very
much
Of
course,
the
best
paper
comes
from
wood.
Wood
comes
from
trees,
and
trees
are
plants.
Vegetables
and
fruit
are
plants,
too,
and
we
eat
a
lot
of
them.
So
can
we
also
eat
wood
and
paper?
Scientists
say,
"All
food
comes
in
some
way
from
plants."
Well,
is
that
true?
Animals
eat
grass
and
grow
fat.
Then
we
eat
their
meat.
Little
fish
eat
little
sea-plants,
then
bigger
fish
swim
along
and
eat
the
……Chickens
eat
bits
of
grass
and
give
us……
Think
for
a
minute.
What
food
does
not
come
from
plants
in
some
way?
Scientists
can
do
wonderful
things
with
plants.
They
can
make
food
just
like
meat
and
cheese.
And
they
can
make
it
without
the
help
of
animals.
It
is
very
good
food,
too.
Now
they
have
begun
to
say,
"We
make
our
paper
from
wood.
We
can
also
make
food
from
wood.
The
next
thing
is
not
very
difficult."
What
is
the
next
thing?
Perhaps
it
is—food
from
paper.
Scientists
say,
"We
can
turn
paper
into
food.
It
will
be
good,
cheap
food,
too,
cheaper
than
meat
or
fish
or
eggs."
So
please
keep
your
old
books
and
letters.
(Don't
feed
[喂]
your
cat.)
One
day,
they
will
be
on
your
plate,
if
what
scientists
say
may
come
true.21
cnjy
com
(
)
1.
The
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)riter
asks
us
to
keep
our
old
books
and
letters
because
_______.
A.
they
are
useful
for
reading
B.
They
may
be
used
to
feed
cats
C.
We
can
make
food
from
them
soon
D.
we
can
read
them
at
breakfast
(
)
2.
From
the
passa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ge
(段落)，
we
can
infer(推断)
that
_______
do
not
come
from
plants
in
some
way.
A.
few
kinds
of
food?????
B.
meat
and
fish
C.
cheese
and
chicken????
D.
wood
and
paper【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
答案：A篇
ABBC
B篇
CA
Unit6
Ancient
Stories：
现在完成时
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www.21cnjy.com
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