中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
3
Section
A
重点知识归纳
1
adj.和adv.的比较级和最高级
变化规则：
原级：
adj.
和adv.的原型
比较级：两者中更...的一个
最高级：
三者或三者以上中最...的一个
规则变化：
书P114
补充：
以ed和ing结尾的adj.
或ly结尾的adv.
变化比较级时，在前面+more
,变最高级时在前面+most
friendly
adj.
friendlier
(比较级）
friendliest
(最高级）
不规则变化：
good
/well
better
best
Bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther
/further
farthest
/furthest
2
adj.和adv.
比较级和最高级的肯定句式和一般疑问句句式
系表结构：
肯定式
比较级：
A+be+比较级+than
+B
eg：He
is
taller
than
me
.
他比我高。
最高级：
主+be+the+最高级+（表语）+范围。
eg:
He
is
the
tallest
(student)
in
our
class
.
他是我们班里最高的学生。
一般疑问句式
比较级：Be+A+比较级+than+B?
eg:
Is
he
taller
than
me
?他比我更高吗？
最高级：
Be+主+the+最高级+（表）+范围
eg:
Is
he
the
tallest
(student)
in
our
class
?
Yes,,
he
is
.
/No,
he
isn’t
他是我们班里最高的学生吗？是的，他是/不，他不是。
动宾结构：
肯定式：比较级：
A+谓语动词+（宾）+比较级+（宾）+than+B.
最高级：
主+谓语动词+（宾）+the
+最高级+（宾语）+范围
eg:
He
eats
fruit
more
than
me
.
=He
eats
more
fruit
than
me
.
他吃比我更多的水果
He
plays
games
the
best
of
the
three
.
他玩游戏三个中最好。
一般疑问句
比较级：
Do/Does
/Did
+A+动词原型+（宾语）+比较级+(宾语)+than
+B
最高级：Do/Does/Did+主+动词原型+（宾）+the
+最高级（宾语）+范围
eg:
Does
Tom
sing
songs
better
than
Jim
?Yes,
he
does
/No,
he
doesn’t
.
汤姆比吉姆唱歌更好吗？是的，他是/不，他不是。
Did
he
buy
the
most
books
in
our
class
?Yes,
he
did
./No,
he
didn’t
他在我们班买最多的书吗？
是的，他是/不，他不是
3
特殊疑问句：比较级的特殊疑问句式是比较对象A替换成特殊疑问句，最高级的特殊疑问句式是将主语替换成特殊疑问词。
eg:
Who
is
taller
than
Lucy
?谁比露西更高呢？
Which
building
is
the
tallest
in
our
neighborhood
?那个建筑物是我们小区最高的？
When
is
the
hottest
in
a
day
?什么时候是一天最热的？
Where
has
the
tallest
building
in
the
US
?在美国哪有最高的建筑物？
Who
runs
faster
than
Jack?谁跑得比杰克快？
4
否定式
比较级：
A
不如B
结构：（1）直接否定
（2)
not
as/so
+原级+as
(3)
less+原级+than
eg:
Lucy
is
taller
than
Lily
否：
Lucy
isn’t
taller
than
Lily
=Lucy
isn’t
as/so
tall
as
Lily
=Lucy
is
less
tall
than
Lily
.
He
runs
faster
than
me
.
否：
He
doesn’t
run
faster
than
me
.
=He
doesn’t
run
as/so
fast
as
me
.
=He
runs
less
fast
than
me
.
He
eats
food
more
than
me
.
否：
He
doesn’t
eat
(food)
more
(food)
than
me
.
=He
doesn’t
eat
(food)
as/so
much
(food)
as
me
.
=He
eats
(food
)
less
much
(food
)
than
me
.
最高级：
eg:
He
is
the
tallest
boy
in
our
class
.
否：
He
isn’t
the
tallest
t
boy
in
our
class
.
He
plays
the
guitar
the
best
of
the
three
否：
He
doesn’t
play
the
guitar
the
best
of
the
three
.
5
同级类比
as
+adj/adv原级+as
eg:
Science
is
as
important
as
math
.
科学和数学一样重要。
He
plays
chess
as
well
as
me
.
他下棋和我一样好。
as
long
as
和...一样长/只要
as
much
as
和...一样多/多达
as
far
as
和...一样远/远至
as
soon
as
和...一样快/
一....就...
as
well
as
和...一样好/也
6
比较级的修饰语
位置：位于比较级之前
表示强调的修饰语：even
(甚至）
still
(仍然）
eg：
She
is
even
more
beautiful
than
Mary
.
她比玛丽甚至更漂亮。
He
studies
still
harder
than
me
.
他学习比我还努力。
表示程度加深加强的修饰语：much
a
lot
...得多
eg:
This
house
is
much
/a
lot
bigger
than
that
house
.
这个房子比那个房子大得多。
He
has
much
/a
lot
more
books
than
me
.
他有比我多得多的书。
表示程度减弱减轻的修饰语：
a
little
a
bit
一点
eg:
His
grades
are
a
little
/a
bit
better
than
me
他的成绩比我好一点。
He
ate
a
little
/a
bit
more
than
me
last
night
.
昨晚他吃的比我多一点。
表示数目数量的修饰语：
once
一倍
twice
两倍
eg:
This
box
is
twice
heavier
than
that
one
.
这个盒子比那个盒子重两倍
He
is
two
years
older
than
his
brother
.
他比他弟弟大两岁
He
spends
three
times
more
money
than
me
.
他花的钱比我多三倍。
7
比较级和最高级的特殊句式：
比较级+and+比较级
（加er的比较级）
more
and
more
+原级
（加more的比较级）
越来越...
eg:
She
is
more
and
more
beautiful
.
她越来越漂亮了。
the+比较级+主+谓，
the+比较级+主+谓
越...就越....
eg:
The
more
you
eat
,
the
heavier
you
will
be
.
你吃得越多，你就会越重。
The
harder
you
study
,
the
better
grades
you
can
get
.
你学得越努力，你就能得到更好的成绩。
(3
)
特殊疑问词+
be+比较级，A
or
B?
be+the
+最高级，A,B
or
C
?
谓语动词+比较级，A
or
B
?
谓语动词+the
+最高级，A，B
or
C
?
eg：
Who
is
thinner
,
your
father
or
your
mother
?谁更瘦，你的爸爸还是妈妈？
Who
sings
the
best
,
Linda
,
Mary
or
Lucy
?
谁唱歌最好，琳达，玛丽还是露西？
(4
)
比较级+than+any
other
+可数名词单数
比其他任意一个都....
eg:
Song
Yuan
is
more
beautiful
than
any
other
city
in
China
.
松原比中国任意一个城市都漂亮。
(5
)
one
of
+the+最高级+名词复数+范围
做主语，谓语用单数
eg:
One
of
the
biggest
cities
in
China
is
Beijing
.
中国最大的城市之一是北京。
the+序数词+最高级+可数名词单数+范围
第几长，大，高，远....
eg：
The
Yellow
River
is
the
second
longest
river
in
China
.
长江是中国第二长河。
(7
)
the+比较级+of
the
two
两者中更....的一个
eg:
She
is
the
shorter
of
the
two.=Of
the
two
(girls
)
,
she
is
the
shorter
.
两个女孩中，她最矮。
用of表范围时，of的宾语与主语同类，用in表范围时，in的宾语与主语不同类
eg:
She
is
the
smartest
of
the
three
/in
our
class
.
三个中/我们班中，她最聪明。
比较级前后的事物要存在可比性
eg
:Lucy’s
hair
is
longer
than
Mary’s
.
露西的头发比玛丽的长。
The
weather
in
Beijing
is
colder
than
that
in
Shanghai
.
北京天气比上海的天气冷
adv.前最高级的the不可省略，adj前最高级的the
可以省略，当最高级前有其他限定词时不用the
eg:
He
sings
(the)
best
in
our
school
.
他唱歌在我们学校最好。
He
is
my
best
friend
他是我最好的朋友。
8
twin
n.
双胞胎之一
adj.孪生的
Twin
sisters
孪生姐妹
eg:
The
twins
were
very
happy
.
双胞胎很开心。
I
have
a
twin
brother
.
我有一个孪生兄弟。
We
are
twins
.
我们是双胞胎。
9
both
pron.
两个都；
两者都
both
of
+限定词+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数
两...都....
eg:
Both
of
the
students
are
from
Beijing
.
这两个学生都来自北京。
Both
of
the
teenagers
want
to
go
to
the
movies
.
这两个青少年都想去看电影。
（2）人称代词复数主格(we,you,
they...)+both=both
of
+人称代词复数宾格（us,you
,
them...)
eg:
We
both
like
playing
tennis
.
我们两个都喜欢打网球。
=Both
of
us
like
playing
tennis
.
both
可以位于实义动词前be动词之后，做主语的同位语
eg:
They
are
both
teachers
.
他们两都是老师。
They
both
buy
the
book
.
他们都买这本书。
（4
）
both
....
and
....
..和...都.....
做主语时，谓语用复数。
eg:
Both
Tom
and
Sam
sing
well
.
汤姆和塞姆唱得很好
。
注：只要both出现做主语，谓语动词就用复数。
10
quiet
adj.
安静的
quietly
adv.
安静地；悄悄地
be
quiet
处于安静的状态
keep
quiet
保持安静
eg:
Please
keep
quiet
when
you’re
in
the
library
.
当你在图书馆时，请保持安静。
He
left
the
room
quietly
.
他悄悄地离开房间。
11
loudly
adv.
响亮地；
大声地
more
loudly
(比较级）
most
loudly
(最高级）
eg:
He
signs
more
loudly
than
me
.
他唱歌比我声音大。
loud
adj.
响亮的；
大声的
loudly
常与talk
/speak
/laugh/sing连用
aloud
常与read
连用
12
陈述部分+反意疑问部分
助/情/be
+(not)+
主语？
由陈述部分谓语
前肯后否
与陈述部分
而定
前否后肯
主语一致
eg:
He
went
to
New
York
last
year
,
didn’t
he
?去年他去纽约，对吗？
He
doesn’t
need
to
buy
the
book
,
does
he
?他不需要买这本书，对吗？
当陈述部分主语时this,
that
,
to
do
,doing
时，反意疑问主语用it
.
eg:
Eating
junk
food
is
bad
for
our
health
,
isn’t
it
?
吃垃圾食品对我们的健康有害，对吗？
That’s
Tara
,
isn’t
it
?那是Tara
,
对吗？
13
outgoing
adj.
外向的
quiet
adj.
安静的，内向的
more
outgoing
(比较级）
most
outgoing
（最高级）
eg:
I’m
more
outgoing
than
my
sister
我比我的妹妹更外向。
14
hard-working
adj.
勤奋的；
工作努力的
hard
work
困难的工作
work
hard
工作努力
more
hard-working
(比较级）
most
hard-working
(最高级）
eg:
I’m
more
hard-working
than
most
of
the
students
in
our
class
.
我比我们班大部分的学生都更勤奋。
15
compete
v.
竞争；
比赛
competition
n.
比赛；
竞赛
competitor
n.
竞争者；
比赛者
compete
with
sb
与某人竞争
compete
for
sth
为...竞争/比赛
compete
with
sb
for
sth
为...而与某人竞争
eg:
They
competed
with
each
other
for
the
job
.
他们为这份工作彼此竞争。
basketball
competition
篮球比赛
singing
/swimming
competition
.
唱歌/游泳比赛
16
fantastic
adj.
极棒的；
极好的
=great
=
excellent
eg
:
It
was
fantastic
.
它是极好的。
17
which
adj./pron
.
哪一个
which
做特殊疑问词时所提问的对象有选择范围。
eg
:
A:
Here
are
three
books.
这有三本书。
B：Which
(one)
do
you
like
best
?你最喜爱哪一个？
18
clear
adj.
清楚的
clearly
adv.
清楚地
clearly
adv.
more
clearly
(比较级）
most
clearly
（最高级）
make
sth
clear
使...清楚/明了
eg:
He
made
the
answers
clear
.
他使答案很明了
Are
you
clear
?
你明白了吗？
He
sings
more
clearly
than
me
.
他唱歌比我清楚。
19
win
v.
赢；
获胜
won
(过）+比赛；
游戏；
奖项
beat
v
赢；
击败
beat
(过）+人；
队伍；
团体
eg:
We
won
the
basketball
competition
last
week
.
上周我们赢得了篮球比赛。
We
beat
class
15
.
我们打败了15班
20
though
conj.
虽然；
尽管
adv.
不过；
然而
though
=
although
=even
though
=
even
if
though
连接俩个表示转折关系，位于后一个句子地句末前面有逗号
eg
:
The
question
is
difficult
.
He
worked
it
out
,
though
..
这个问题是难的。尽管他做出来了。
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Unit
3
Section
A
要点集训
句意填词
根据所给句子，填入一个适当的单词，使句意完整
Alice
is
an
o_______
girl.
She
likes
to
stay
with
her
friends
and
enjoys
talking
It
was
late
.
She
opened
the
door
q_______
because
she
didn’t
want
to
wake
up
her
grandma
.
B_______
sister
and
I
think
that
reading
makes
a
full
man.
Jack
is
more
_______
than
Jenny
in
English
.
He
got
more
scores.
He
still
went
to
school
on
time
t_____
he
didn’t
feel
well
yesterday
.
The
teacher
speaks
loudly
so
that
the
students
can
hear
her
c______
.
.
We
hope
to
w_______
the
volleyball
match
very
much
.
There
are
so
many
girls
over
there
.
W_______
one
is
Jane
?
I
took
part
in
English
speaking
c_______
because
I
want
to
practice
my
spoken
English
.
When
you
have
dinner
with
foreigners
,
don’t
speak
l______
with
food
in
your
mouth
..
语法填空
用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
If
you
can
exercise
once
a
week
,
that’s
______
(good)
than
nothing
.
Things
went
from
bad
to
_______
(bad)
,
and
in
the
end
she
lost
her
job
.
Please
remember
health
is
much
______(important
)
than
money
.
It’s
our
duty
to
make
the
sky
______(clear)
than
before
.
You
must
keep
_______
in
the
library
.
Everyone
is
reading
books
_______.
(quiet
)
The
most
important
thing
is
________
(learn
)
something
new
and
have
fun
.
It’s
very
______
today
,
and
the
radio
says
it
will
be
even
______tomorrow
.
（hot)
As
John
joins
us
in
the
soccer
game
,
we
are
sure
of
______
(win)
the
game
.
His
mother
often
makes
him
_____
(clean
)
his
room
on
weekends
.
The
_______(careful)
you
are
,
the
better
grades
you’ll
get
.
III
单项选择
从每题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确的答案。
(
)
1.
-Hey
,
Jack
!
Do
you
know
_____
girl
with
glasses
over
there
?
-Yes!
She’s
my
cousin
Lucy
.
She’s
____
outgoing
girl
.
A
a;
the
B.
the
;
a
C.
the
;
an
(
)
2..
Our
parents
love
us
very
much
_____
they
hardly
ever
say
,
“I
love
you.“
A
however
B.
or
C.
though
(
)
3.
-Hi,
Jim
!
Did
you
go
to
Linda’s
party
last
night
?
-Yes.
______
my
brother
and
I
went
there
and
we
had
fun
.
A
Both
B.
All
C.
None
(
)
4.
-Who
_____
the
tennis
game
yesterday
?
-Jack
.
He
______
all
the
others
.
A
beat
;
won
B.
won
;
won
C.
won
;
beat
(
)
5.
He
tries
_____
English
well
.
And
he
practice
_____
English
every
day
.
A
to
learn
;
speaking
B.
learning
;
speaking
C.
learning
;
to
speak
(
)
6.
The
Internet
makes
the
world
become
______
A
bigger
and
bigger
B.
more
and
more
C.
smaller
and
smaller
(
)
7.
-You
are
relaxing
yourself
here
?
-Yes.
It
feels
______
to
walk
slowly
along
the
river.
A
fantastic
B
boring
C.
strange
(
)
8.
The
_____
you
work
at
your
lessons
,
the
______
results
you
will
get
.
A
harder
;
better
B.
harder
;
good
C.
hard
;
better
(
)
9.
The
teacher’s
words
______
his
face
_____
red.
A
make
;
to
turn
B.
made;
turn
C.
made
;
turned
(
)
10.
The
talent
show
is
_____the
game
show
.
I
like
both
.
A
as
boring
as
B.
not
so
bored
as
C.
as
interesting
as
(
)
11.
You
have
spent
too
much
time
playing
computer
games
.
That’s
______
your
eyes
hurt
.
A
why
B.
how
C.
what
(
)
12.
The
doctor
told
Mary
to
eat
______
vegetables
and
____
meat
because
she
was
getting
fatter
and
tatter.
A
much
;
little
B.
more
;
less
C.
many
;
less
(
)
13.
The
weather
in
Beijing
is
colder
than
______
in
Shanghai
.
A
it
B.
that
C.
those
(
)
14.
The
foreigner
spoke
slowly
and
______
so
that
everybody
could
follow
him
.
A
clearly
B.
clearer
C.
more
clearly
(
)
15.
We
teenagers
should
______
the
old
and
offer
our
seats
to
them
on
buses
.
A
laugh
at
B.
depend
on
C.
care
for
IV
补全对话
根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、正确，每空词数不限。
A：Look
at
the
boy
over
there
under
the
tree
!
Is
that
Jack
?
B:
No,
1.
________________________
.
Jack
is
a
little
shorter
than
John
.
A:
Are
they
twins
?
B:
Yes,
they
are
.
They
look
2.
___________________________
.
And
they
are
my
best
friends.
We
have
the
same
hobbies
(爱好）？
A：
Then
3.
________________________________?
B:
We
all
enjoy
playing
the
guitar
.
A:
4.
_____________________________________?
B:
Yes,
I
am
.
I’m
more
serious
than
them
.
A:
5.
______________________________when
you
grow
up
?
B:
Jack
and
I
want
to
be
pop
singers
,
and
John
wants
to
be
a
doctor
.
参考答案
1.
outgoing
2.
quietly
3.
Both
4.
hard-working
5.
though
6.
clearly
7.
win
8.
Which
9.
competition
10.
loudly
1.
better
2.
worse
3.
more
important
4.
clearer
5.
quiet
;
quietly
6.
to
learn
7.
hot
;
hotter
8.
winning
9.
clean
10.
more
careful
1-5
CCACA
6-10
CAABC
11-15
ABBAC
1.
it’s
John
2
almost
the
same
3
what
are
you
hobbies
/what
do
you
like
(doing)
4
Are
you
different
from
them
5
What
do
you
want
to
be
号
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