Unit 6 When was it invented? 重点语法学案

人教版-九上-Unit 6-重点语法
知识元
语法：被动语态II
知识讲解
被动语态 (二)
一、一般过去时的被动语态
1. 概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，主语是动作的承受者。
2. 句型结构：
①肯定句：主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他. ?
②否定句：主语＋was/were＋not＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他. ?
③一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语＋was/were＋not.
He was chosen to work for the village.??
He wasn't chosen to work for the village.
Was he chosen to work for the village???
Yes, he was./No, he wasn't.?
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？
Who was looked after by the old teacher yesterday?
二、不同时态的被动语态的结构形式
?
时态 结构
??一般现在时 am/is/are + done
? 一般过去时 was/were + done
? 一般将来时 shall/will /be going to + be done
? 过去将来时 would + be + done
? 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + done
? 过去进行时 was/were + being + done
? 现在完成时 have/has + been + done
? 过去完成时 had + been + done
? 含情态动词 情态动词+ be + done
三?、被动语态的注意事项
1. 在含有使役动词（make, let, have）、感官动词（hear, see, watch, find, feel等）以及help的句子中，
在主动语态中这些词后接动词原形（即省to的动词不定式），在变成被动语态时，须将to补上。
I saw him play football on the playground just now.
→He was seen to play football on the playground by me.
2. teach, give, show, pass, buy, tell等后常接两个宾语，即双宾语：直接宾语（表物的）和间接宾语（表人的）。
变成被动语态时，可以选取其中任一个做主语。
但需要注意的是：如果选取直接宾语做主语时，那么间接宾语钱须加相应的介词for或to。
Helen showed me a photo.
→I was shown a photo by Helen.
→A photo was shown to me by Helen.
3. 由“不及物动词+ 介词/副词+ 宾语”的句子变成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉
She took good care of her grandmother.
→Her grandmother was taken good care of by her.
四、不用被动语态的情况
1. 不及物动词，连系动词及短语不能用于被动语态，常见的动词有happen, appear, stay, break out, take place, belong to, come true ,come out等。
The famous writer’s new book will come out soon.
2. 主语是感觉的对象，动词表示给人以什么样的感觉，如smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(摸起来)，look(看起来)，sound(听起来)通常用作连系动词，后面用形容词作表语，不用于被动语态。
The silk feels soft. ?
3. 不定式在形容词后做状语时构成be+ adj +to do结构时，不定式不用于被动语态。常见的形容词有easy ,hard ,difficult等。
The question is easy to answer.
4. 不定式做后置定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语能在句中找到，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。反之，不能找到不定式的逻辑主语，不定式用被动语态。
I have a lot of homework to do this evening.
5. 在require, need 等后用动名词主动形式表示被动意义，也可以用不定式被动语态。
My old bike needs repairing =My old bike needs to be required。
6. 有些动词如write, sell等用主动形式表被动意义。
This pen writes well.?
例题精讲
语法：被动语态II
例1.Every day, too much water ____ in our school. We should save it.
A．is wasted B．wastes
C．was wasted D．wasted
【答案】A
例2.The students in this school are made ____ school uniforms on Monday.
A．to wear B．wearing
C．wear D．worn
【答案】A
例3.A new hospital ____ in my town next year.
A．builds B．?built
C．is built D．will be built
【答案】D
surprise, the famous athlete's story ____ differently in the newspaper.
A．was reported B．reported
C．was reporting D．reports
【答案】A
例5.?The machine is used _________ making shoes _________ the workers.
A．as; for B．for; as
C．by; for D．for; by
【答案】D
例6.English _________ in many countries, but Chinese _________ their own language.
A．?is spoken; speaks
B．speaks; is spoken
C．?is spoken; speak
D．is spoken; is spoken
【答案】C
例7.A number of tourists _________ Beijing many times because of its beautiful scenery.
A．have been to B．has been to
C．has gone to D．have gone to
【答案】A
例8.If you see the cartoon film, you will _________ laugh.
A．be make B．?be made to
C．make to D．make
【答案】B
例9.Who was this work done _________?
A．?to B．with
C．by D．of
【答案】C
例10.?---Who _________ the telephone???????
?? ---It _________ by Bell.
A．was invented; was invented
B．invented; invented
C．invented; was invented
D．was invented; invented
【答案】C
例11.Chinese _________ by more and more people from all over the world today.
A．learn B．learned
C．is learned D．was learned
【答案】C
例12.?---It's reported that some capsules (胶囊) are really bad for our health.
---Sounds terrible. Hopefully, the problem _________ as soon as possible.
A．is solved B．has solved
C．was solved D．will be solved
【答案】D
例13.On weekends we help Mother with housework in the kitchen _________ she can enjoy herself by searching the Internet.
A．after B．until
C．?that D．so that
【答案】D
例14.The maths problem is so hard. I really don't know _________.
A．how to do it B．how to do?
C．what to do it D．what to do?
【答案】A
例15.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The meat ________(cut) up by my mother an hour ago.
2. When ________soccer________(invent)?
3. Those apples ________ (wash)just now.
4. Liu Hui ________(give) a book as a present on her birthday.
5. The shoes ________(wear) out by the boy last week.
【答案】
was cut
was;invented
were washed
was given
were worn
当堂练习
单选题
练习1.— Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasn’t he?
— Of course. He 　　　　 by people all over the world.
A．was looked up B．was looked up to
C．looked up D．looked up to
练习2.— Was table tennis invented by the Chinese?
?— No. It 　　　　 in China until the start of the 20th century.
A．played
B．was played
C．didn’t play
D．wasn't played
练习3.— Do you know 　　　　 in ancient China?
? — I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper.
A．?how paper was made
B．how was paper made
C．what paper was made
D．?what was paper made
练习4.Keys ________ used for ________ the doors.
A．is; opening
B．?are; opened
C．are; opening
D．is; opened
练习5.?It ________ last week that the haze(雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems.
A．reports B．reported
C．is reported D．was reported
练习6._The_ca_r ________ by the policeman because the driver was drunk (喝醉的).
A．stopped B．was stopped
C．were stopped D．stops
【答案】1-6 BDACD B
从括号里选出合适的词完成句子
1. The naughty boy ________(was; were) made to stand near the corner.
2. All the books were ________(carrying; carried) to the next room by the students.
3. The music can be ____________(listened; listened to) twice a day.
4. She was seen ____________(steal; to steal) the lock.
5. A pair of shoes was ____________(given me; given to me) on my 15th birthday.
【答案】
was
carried
listened to
to steal　
given to me
.把下列句子改为被动语态。
1. People grow rice in the southern part of China.
Rice ________ ________in the southern part of China by people.
2. Dad bought me an MP5 player a few days ago.
An MP5 player________ ________ ________ ________a few days ago by dad.
3. Mr. Black wrote an English letter just now.
An English letter________ ________by Mr Black just now.
4. Yesterday I saw Jim play soccer in the yard.
Yesterday Jim________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the yard by me.
【答案】
is grown
was bought to me
was written
was seen to play soccer
把下列句子改为被动语态
1. The students copied about 30 new words.
About 30 new words ________ ________ by the students.
2. I didn’t take good care of my sister.
My sister ________ ________ ________ good care of by me.
3. My father let him bring some water.
?? ________ ________ ________ ________ bring some water by my father.
4. The teacher made the students copy the text.
The students were ________ ________ copy the text.
5. I saw a big cat eat the fish.
A big cat ________ ________ ________ ________ the fish by me.
【答案】
were copied　
was not taken
He was let to
made to
was seen to eat