必修⑤ Unit
1 Getting
along
with
others
重点词汇积累
核心词汇——写其形
1．____________
vi.
&
vt.
假装；装扮，扮作
2．____________
n.
&
vi.
争吵，争执
3．____________
vt.
克服，解决
4．____________
vt.
原谅，宽恕
5．____________
vt.
&
n.
羡慕；忌妒
6．____________
vi.
道歉
7．____________
vi.
&
vt.
集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦n.
焦点，重点
8．____________
adj.
热切的，渴望的
9．____________
vt.
责备，指责n.
(坏事或错事的)责任；指责
10．____________
vt.
&
vi.
发誓；咒骂，说脏话；郑重承诺
阅读词汇——知其意
1．sensitive
adj.
________________
2．athletic
adj.
________________
3．absurd
adj.
________________
4．revision
n.
________________
5．committed
adj.
________________
拓展词汇——通其变
1．________
vt.
&
vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→________
n．允许进入，入场费
2．________
adj.内疚的；有罪的→________
n．内疚，犯罪；有罪
3．________
adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的→________
n．残酷；残忍
4．________
vi.道歉→________
n．道歉→________
adj.道歉的
5．________
n．分歧，争论，意见不一→________
v．不同意
6．________
n．娱乐，消遣→________
v．给……提供娱乐→________
adj.有趣的→________
adj.被逗乐的；觉得好笑的
7．________
adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的→________
vt.犯罪，做错事；把……交托给；使……承担义务→________
n．承诺，保证；委托；承担义务
8．________
adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的→________
n．感觉；意识；判断力
9．________
vi.作出反应，回应→________
n．回答；响应
10．________
adv.真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地→________
adj.真实的→________
n．真相
高频短语——记得牢
1．________________
(与……)步调一致，(与……)同步
2．________________
(用电话)接通
3．________________
不管，不顾
4．________________
最终成为；最后处于
5．________________
依靠，依赖
6．________________
由于……的结果
7．________________
以……为基础，以……为根据
8．________________
幸亏；由于
9．spy
on
________________
10．before
long
________________
11．in
one's
opinion
________________
12．feel
like
doing...
________________
13．keep
one's
word
________________
14．in
conclusion
________________
15．envy
sb.
sth.
________________
16．be
to
blame(for
sth.)
________________
即学即用：用所学单词或短语的适当形式填空
1．I
think
it
is
time
you
woke
up
and
________
(集中)
your
thoughts
on
more
important
matters.
2．It
has
often
been
________________
(评论)
that
time
and
tide
wait
for
no
man.
3．Whenever
she
sang
a
song
with
her
beautiful
voice,
everyone
____________
(羡慕)
her.
4．She
tried
to
seem
angry,
but
she
________
(出卖)
herself
by
smiling.
5．He
____________
(假装)
not
to
know
her
but
in
fact
they
were
in
league
together.
6．We
found
human
error
had
been______________
(指责)
for
the
air
crash
through
investigation.
7．Relying
on
our
own
efforts,
we
____________
(克服)
all
the
difficulties
we
met
with.
8．They
have
been
on
bad
terms
with
each
other
ever
since
they
________
(争吵)
last
month.
9．He
was
so
obviously
sorry
for
his
mistake
that
we
________
(原谅)
him.
10．Later
that
morning,
Dario
suggested
that
they
write
a
letter
to
their
neighbors
and
________
(道歉)
for
their
playing.
11．You
may
________
(依赖)
it
that
they
will
support
you.
12．They
decorated
the
house_____________________
(不管)
cost.
13．She's_______________________
(完成)
a
lot
of
work.
14．He______________________
(最终成为)
the
top
leader
of
the
company.
15．The
government
is
not
allowing
salaries
to
________
(跟……步调一致)
inflation.
经典句型复现
1．I
________I
can
ever
truly
forgive
her.
我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。
2．Yesterday,
I
saw
him
talking
to
another
boy,
Peter,
and
I________________
if
he
wants
Peter
to
be
his
best
friend
instead
of
me.
昨天，我看到他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。
3．However,
if
I____________________________
our
friendship,
we
________
both
________
nothing.
但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所得。
4．________，
the
problem
lies
with
you,
not
her.
要是这样的话，问题出在你身上，而不是她。
即学即用：完成句子
1．如果是这样，早点来听下午7：30由Jules
Skye——一个成功的唱片制作人作的报告。(状语从句的省略)
________，come
early
to
the
talk
at
7：30
pm
by
Jules
Skye,
a
successful
record
producer.
2．我认为他说的话与我们讨论的主题无关。(否定转移)
________________
is
relevant
to
the
topic
we
are
discussing.
3．我肯定说了有10分钟。
I
________________
for
ten
minutes.
4．杰克还是不由自主地担心他的工作面试。
Jack
still
____________________________________
his
job
interview.
5．如果你告诉了我，我就能够帮助你。
If
you
____________________________me，I
could
have
helped
you.
第一版块：高考考纲高频单词
1．pretend
v．假装；装扮；扮作
pretend
to
do...
假装做……
pretend
to
be
doing...
假装正在做……
pretend
to
have
done...
假装已经做过……
pretend
to
be＋n./adj.
假装是……
pretend
that...
假装……
(1)A
few
people
are
dishonest
and
they
will
frame
those
who
help
them.
Some
even
pretend
____________________________
(knock)
down.
(2)He
pretended______________________
(read)
an
important
document
when
the
boss
came
in.
(3)While
in
the
process
of
study,
do
not
________________________________.
在学习过程中，不要假装自己学会了不会的知识。
2．admit
v．策划承认(过错、罪行)，招认；接纳；准许……进入；容纳
(1)admit
sth./doing
sth./having
done
sth.
承认某事/做(过)某事
admit...to
be...
承认……是……
admit...into/to...
允许……进入……；成为……中的一员
be
admitted
as...
作为……被接受；被接纳为……
admit
(to
sb.)
that...
(向某人)承认……
(2)admission
n.
准许进入；承认；入场费
(1)39%
of
them
admit
________
(lie)
about
their
age
to
gain
access
to
some
websites.
(2)I'm
writing
to
tell
you
that
I
________________
(admit)to
University
of
Southern
California.
[一句多译]
(3)你应当有勇气承认错误。
①You
should
have
the
courage
to
________________.(admit＋n.)
②You
should
have
the
courage
to
________________.
(admit＋doing)
③You
should
have
the
courage
to
________________.(admit
that...)
【易错点拨】 admit表示“承认”，后可接名词、动名词作宾语，不接不定式作宾语，但可用“admit
sb./sth.
to
be＋...形式”表示“承认/认为某人/某物是……的意思”
；表示“允许……进入”时，不接不定式的复合结构。
3．beg
v．请求，恳求；乞求
(1)beg
for
乞求得到；请求得到
beg
sb.
to
do...
恳求某人做……
beg
that...(should)do...
请求……做……
beg
to
differ
不敢苟同；恕不同意
(2)I
beg
your
pardon./Beg
your
pardon./Pardon.请再说一遍。/对不起。
(3)beggar
n.
乞丐
(1)At
last，he
was
reduced
to____________________
(beg)
on
the
streets,
homeless.
[同义句改写]
(2)I
begged
him
__________________________
(come)
back
to
England
with
me.
→I
begged
that
______________________
England
with
me.
[完成句子]
(3)—Only
those
who
have
a
lot
in
common
can
get
along
well.
—I
________________
(恕我不敢苟同).
Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.[2016·江苏卷]
4．forgive
v．(forgave,
forgiven)原谅；宽恕；免除
原谅某人(做)某事
forgive
oneself
原谅自己
(2)forgiveness
n.
原谅；宽恕
(1)Please
________________________________，
but
I
really
don't
agree
with
that.
请原谅我打断一下，但我确实不同意那一点。
(2)Forgive
others,
and
you
________________.
宽恕别人，你也会得到宽恕。
(3)Later，in
the
hospital,
Henderson
saw
his
friend.
He
apologized
and
asked
for
________________
(forgive)．[2021·广东惠安中学二模]
后来，在医院，亨德森看到了他的朋友。他道了歉并请求宽恕。
5．focus
v．集中；聚焦 n．中心点；焦点
(1)focus(...)on/upon...
集中……于……
ne's
mind/attention
on
sth.?把注意力集中在……上
(3)be/become
focused
on
集中在……
(4)bring...into
focus＝bring...to
a
focus
使……集中在焦点上；使……突出
(5)in
focus
焦点对准的；清晰的
out
of
focus
焦点未对准的；不清晰的
(1)Let's
turn
back
to
our
lessons
instead
of
focusing
________
the
social
networking
apps.
(2)With
your
attention
fully
________
(focus)
on
the
cell
phone,
you
will
fail
to
notice
the
traffic
around
you.
(3)(写作佳句)People
are
likely
to
forget
their
own
tradition
and
culture
________________________.
如果人们过多聚焦于外国节日，他们可能会忘记他们的传统文化。
[联想发散] 表示“专心于……；集中注意力于……”的短语还有：fix
one's
attention
on,
be
absorbed
in,
apply
oneself
to,
concentrate
one's
attention
on,
be
lost
in,
be
buried
in,
be
devoted
to等。
6．pace
n．速度；速率；步伐；步态；节奏
at
a．..pace 以……速度
keep
pace
with...
(与……)并驾齐驱，齐头并进；跟上……
set
the
pace
确定速度；起带头作用；树立榜样
(1)The
nation's
highways
are
developing
_______________________________________.
这个国家的公路正在迅速发展。
(2)To
realize
China
Dream,
we
should
______________________
the
times.
为了实现中国梦，我们应该跟上时代的步伐。
(3)You
________________________________________and
I'll
follow
you.
你定步调，我跟上。
7．manner
n．方法；态度；举止；(pl.)礼貌
in
this
manner
用这种方法
table
manners
餐桌礼仪
It
is
good/bad
manners
to
do...
做……是有/无礼貌的。
(1)Hold
your
knife
and
fork
________________.
用这样的方式拿刀叉。
(2)________________
____________to
speak
with
your
mouth
full.
满嘴食物时讲话是没礼貌的。
【易错点拨】 in
this
manner中manner总是用单数，习惯上不说in
these
manners，而说in
these
ways。manner表示“礼貌”时，通常用复数形式，用作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。
8．argue
v．争论；争辩；说理；证明
(1)argue
with
sb.
about/over
sth.
与某人争论某事
argue
for/against
sth.
支持/反对某事
argue
sb.
into/out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argument
n.
争论；论据
beyond
argument
无可争论
(1)Thus,
I
would______________________copying
previous
architectural
styles
and
choose
something
fresh
and
different,
even
though
that
might
be
the
more
risky
choice.[2021·宁夏银川二中模拟]
因此，我反对复制以前的建筑风格，而主张选择新鲜和不同的东西，尽管这可能是更具风险的选择。
(2)We
tried
many
ways
to____________________________
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
(3)It
is
____________________________that
Diaoyu
Islands
belong
to
China.
钓鱼岛属于中国是不争的事实。
[联想发散] 表示“说服某人做……”的其他表达形式：
talk
sb.
into
doing...，reason
sb.
into
doing...，persuade
sb.
into
doing...，persuade
sb.
to
do...，convince
sb.
to
do...等。
9．apologize
vi.道歉；辩白
(1)apologize
to
sb.
for
(doing)sth.
为(做)某事而向某人道歉
(2)apology
n．[C]&[U]
道歉；歉意
accept/refuse
sb.
's
apology
接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe
sb.
an
apology/owe
an
apology
to
sb.
应向某人道歉
make
an
apology
to
sb.
(for...)
(为……)向某人道歉
(1)I'm
writing
to
apologize
to
you
________
not
being
able
to
participate
in
the
“Chinese
Traditional
Culture
Day”
activity.
(2)To
express
my
sincere
________
(apologize),
I
will
send
the
paper?cuttings
and
Beijing
Opera
Facial
Masks
to
you
by
airmail.
(3)I
do
apologize
because
I
don't
let
you
know
earlier.
I
hope
this
will
not
cause
you
any
problems.
(句式转换)
→I
do
apologize
for
________________，________
I
hope
will
not
cause
you
any
problems.
10．quarrel
n.
&
vi.争吵；争论；吵架
have
a
quarrel
with
sb.
about/over
sth.
因某事和某人争吵
quarrel
with
sb.
about/over
sth.
因某事和某人争吵
(1)On
the
other
hand,
a
little
politeness
goes
a
long
way
towards
reducing
the
possibility
of
________
(quarrel)
and
fighting.
(2)Then
they
started
shouting
and
yelling,
and
it
turned
into
________
horrible
quarrel.
[同义句改写]
(3)After
they
quarrelled
with
each
other
________
their
work,
they
began
to
realize
someone
was
to
blame.
→After
they
________________________________，
they
began
to
realize
someone
was
to
blame.
11．sensitive
adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
(1)be
sensitive
to...
对……过敏；对……体恤
be
sensitive
to/about...
对……敏感/易生气
(2)sensible
adj.
明智的；意识到的
be
sensible
of
意识到……；察觉到……
(3)sense
n.
感觉；见识；意义；理智vt.
感觉到
make
sense
讲得通；有道理
make
sense
of
理解；弄懂
in
a
sense
在某种意义上
in
no
sense
决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)
(1)I
learned
that
a
fish
is
a
cold?blooded
animal
and
therefore
________________
water
temperature.
我知道鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。
(2)_______
_______
you______________________
the
dangers
of
your
position?
你觉察出你处境中的危险了吗？
(3)His
strange
habit
________________________________when
you
consider
that
he's
an
environmental
scientist
who
studies
how
to
reduce
litter.[2018·浙江卷]
当你考虑到他是一个研究如何减少垃圾的环境科学家时，他的怪癖是有道理的。
(4)In
no
sense____________________________________________________________to
be
solved.
无论如何这个问题都不能说解决了。
12．blame
v．把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责
(1)blame
sb.
for...
因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame
sth.
on
sb.
把某事归咎于某人
be
to
blame
(for
sth.)
(对某事)负有责任；应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
(2)accept/bear/take
the
blame
for...
对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay
the
blame
for
sth.
on
sb.
把某事归咎于某人；把某事的责任推到某人身上
(1)They
often
attract
passers?by,
but
they
are
also
blamed
______________
their
loud
noises.
(2)I
know
money
cannot
cover
the
loss
and
that
it
is
I
who
am
________
(blame)．
(3)(写作佳句)We
should
understand
and________________________
in
such
a
competitive
society.
在竞争如此激烈的社会，我们应该彼此交流和理解而不是互相责备。
13．cautious
adj.小心的；谨慎的
(1)be
cautious
about(doing)sth.
在(做)某事上谨慎
be
cautious
to
do...
小心做……
(2)caution
n.
&
vt.
小心；谨慎；警告
with
caution/cautiously
小心地
caution
sb.
not
to
do.../against
doing...
警告某人不做……
(1)The
governments
________________________
setting
a
new
policy
and
make
no
decision
until
they
are
quite
sure
it
is
the
right
one.
政府在制定新政策时非常谨慎，除非他们确信这是正确的政策，否则不会作出决定。
(2)Those
numbers
need
to
be
treated
____________________________________________.
这些数字需要谨慎对待。
[同义句改写]
(3)She
cautioned
the
child
not
to
talk
to
strangers.
→She
cautioned
the
child
________________
to
strangers.
14．eager
adj.热切的；渴望的
(1)be
eager
to
do...
渴望做……
be
eager
for
sth.
渴望得到某物
be
eager
for
sb.
to
do...
希望某人做……
be
eager
that...(should)
do...
热切地希望……(从句常用“should
do”，should可以省略)
(2)eagerness
n.
渴望
with
eagerness
殷切地
(1)Both
stressed
their
________________
(eager)
to
hear
from
readers
and
listeners
on
social
networks.[2021·福建莆田九中模拟]
(2)Angie
and
the
other
girls
were
eager
______________
(see)
what
kind
of
wild
jump
Janie
would
attempt.[2021·黑龙江鹤岗一中模拟]
[同义句改写]
(3)We
are
eager
________
him
to
help
us.
→We
are
eager
that
________________.
【易错点拨】 (1)eager后面习惯不接for
doing
sth.，可接to
do
sth.
。
(2)too
eager
to
do...急于做……，而非“太着急而不能做……”。
如：They
are
too
eager
to
show
off
their
beautiful
garden.他们急于炫耀他们漂亮的花园。
[联想发散] 表达“急切/盼望(做)……”的短语还有：be
anxious
for/to
do...,
long
for,
be
greedy
for,
be
hungry
for，be
dying
for/to
do...,
be
thirsty
for，be
keen
on/to
do...等。
【词语辨析】
anxious
强调“担心”或“焦急”，对结果不安。
eager
强调对成功的渴望或进取的热情，含有积极向上的意思。
①I'm
anxious
to
know
the
score
of
the
game.
我急于知道比分。
②The
boy
is
so
curious
and
eager
to
learn.
这个男孩有强烈的好奇心和旺盛的求知欲。
[语法填空]
(4)The
boy
is
eager
________
(ride)
his
new
bicycle.
(5)He
was
eager
________
the
first
prize.
15．mercy
n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
(1)show
mercy
to
sb.
/have
mercy
on
sb.
怜悯某人
at
the
mercy
of...
任由……摆布；
受……控制
It's
a
mercy
that...
……真是万幸。
(2)merciful
adj.
仁慈的；宽大的
be
merciful
to/towards
sb.
对某人仁慈
(1)The
little
ship
was
________________________.
小船任由暴风雨摆布。
(2)They
asked
her
to
________________________
the
prisoners./They
asked
her
to
________________________
the
prisoners.
他们要她对犯人仁慈一点。
[同义句改写]
(3)It
was
lucky
that
she
wasn't
seriously
hurt
and
was
waiting
until
the
rescue
arrived.(用mercy改写)
→________________
she
wasn't
seriously
hurt
and
was
waiting
until
the
rescue
arrived.
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．before
long不久，很快
(1)before
long常与将来时、过去时连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。
(2)long
before意为“很久以前”，常在过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后面可以接名词、代词或句子。
(3)It
is/was
not
long
before...
不久就……
(4)It
will
be
long
before...
要过很久才……
(5)It
won't
be
long
before...
过不了多久就……
(1)________________
self?driving
cars
appear
on
the
market.[2021·深圳耀华学校模拟]
过不了多久无人驾驶汽车就会出现在市场上。
(2)________________
our
family
moved
and
we
had
to
give
the
pet
away.
不久我们便搬家了，我们不得不把宠物送人。
(3)The
story
took
place
in
a
small
village
___________________________________.
这个故事发生在很久以前的一个小村庄里。
2．get
through(使)通过；设法联系上(尤指打通电话)，接通；用完，耗尽；完成；到达；(使某人)熬过困难时期
(1)get
away
from 从……脱离；逃脱……；摆脱……
get
across
解释清楚，使人了解；传达
get
over
克服；恢复
get
down
to
开始；着手
get
round/around/about
走动；(消息等)传开
(2)live
through
经历(灾难或其它困境)而幸存
look
through
浏览；快速查看
break
through
突破
(1)Besides,
doing
some
housework
can
help
me
get
away
________
my
study
for
a
short
time.
(2)As
long
as
you
remain
optimistic,
you
will
get
________
this
difficult
period.
(3)My
English
teacher
always
encouraged
me
to
get
________
any
difficulty
I
encountered
in
high
school.
(4)In
addition,
students
should
get
________
early
to
read
English
aloud.
3．end
up结果为……；以……结束
end...with...
以……结束……(后接表具体事物的名词)
end
up
with...
以……结束/告终(指以某种方式结束)
end
up
as
sb./sth.
最后成为或变成……
end
up
doing
sth.
最终做了某事
end
up＋形容词/介词短语
最终处于……状态
end
up
in...
以……告终；结果为……
(1)The
conference
ended
up
______________
(sign)
no
agreement.
(2)The
party
ended
up
_________________________
a
beautiful
song.
(3)He'll
__________________________
(锒铛入狱)
if
he's
not
careful.
4．rely
on/upon
依靠；依赖
(1)rely
on/upon...to
do/doing...
依赖……做……
rely
on
sb.'s
doing
sth.
依赖某人做某事
rely
on/upon
sb.
/sth.
for
sth.
在某事上依赖/指望某人/物
rely
on/upon
it
that...
指望……；相信……
(2)reliable
adj.
可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的
(1)Tom
is
an
honest
and
____________________
(rely)
student.
(2)I
___________________________everything;
he's
my
right
arm.
我在任何事上都依赖他；他是我的得力助手。
[一句多译]
(3)你可以相信他会准时来的。
①________________________________________________________________________
(doing)
②________________________________________________________________________
(to
do)
③________________________________________________________________________
(用it作形式宾语)
【易错点拨】 在rely
on
it
that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有：love，like，appreciate，hate，depend
on，see
to等。
5．regardless
of不管，不顾
(1)in
spite
of＝despite
尽管；不管
(2)as
regards＝regarding＝in/with
regard
to
关于，至于
(1)He
went
ahead
and
did
it,
regardless
of
the
consequences.他说干就干了，没有考虑后果。
(2)In
spite
of
his
age,
he
still
leads
an
active
life.
尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
[语法填空]
(1)It
takes
in
anybody
________
(regard)
of
religion,
colour,
or
creed.
(2)________
(regard)
John,
I
will
write
to
him
at
once.
(3)Try
to
view
situations
more
objectively,
especially
________
regard
________
work.
6．Yesterday,
I
saw
him
talking
to
another
boy,
Peter,
and
I
cannot
help
wondering
if
he
wants
Peter
to
be
his
best
friend
instead
of
me.昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩子彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。
句型：can't
help
doing...
can't
help
doing...
情不自禁做……，忍不住做……
can't
help/choose
but
do...
不得不做……
can't
help(to)do...
不能帮忙做……
help
oneself
to...
自用/自取所需(食物等)
(1)You
can't
help
but
________
(start)
moving
when
you
hear
this
song.
(2)I
can't
help
________
(clean)
the
room，because
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
(3)I
think
everybody
can't
help
________
(laugh)
if
they
see
it.
(4)Help
________
(you)
to
whatever
you
like.
7．If
so,
the
problem
lies
with
you,
not
her.如果是这样的话，问题在于你而不在于她。
句型：if
so
if
so
如果是这样的话
if
not
如果不这样的话；如果没有
if
ever
如果有过/发生过的话
if
any
如果有的话
if
possible
如果有可能；如果可能的话
if
necessary
如果有必要
(1)—Have
you
got
any
particular
plans
for
the
coming
holiday?
—Yes.
_________________
(如果可能的话),
I'm
going
to
visit
some
old
people's
homes
in
the
city.
[句式升级]
(2)Some
of
you
may
have
finished
Unit
One.
If
you
have
done
so,
you
can
go
on
to
learn
Unit
Two，
→Some
of
you
may
have
finished
Unit
One.
________，
you
can
go
on
to
learn
Unit
Two.
(3)Wash
it
in
water
and
pick
out
the
small
particles,
if
there
are
any.
→Wash
it
in
water
and
pick
out
the
small
particles,
________.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
feel
it
is
your
husband
who
is________
(blame)
for
the
spoiled
child.
2．There
is
no
doubt
that
the
customers
are
very
sensitive__________________________
the
price.
3．The
girls______________________________
(admit)
into
the
company
recently
have
to
receive
strict
training
before
they
start
to
work.
4．Regardless
of__________________________his
parents
think,
he
is
leaving
home
for
a
new
job
in
Shenzhen.
5．The
child
begged
not
________
(leave)
at
home
when
his
parents
went
to
Shanghai
on
business.
6．She
buried
her
head
under
the
covers,
pretending________________________________
(be)
asleep.
7．All
her
energies________________________________(focus)
on
her
children
and
she
seems
to
have
little
time
for
anything
else.
8．When
they
were
about
to
kill
him,
he
begged
them
to
have
mercy
________
him.
9．Brian
is
________________________________(gift)
in
writing
music;
he
is
very
likely
to
be
a
Beethoven.
10．One
of
the
purposes
of
the
United
Nations
is
to
maintain
international
peace
and
________
(secure)．
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．________________
(不久)
he
took
over
the
editing
of
the
magazine.
2．Andersen
was
born
into
a
poor
family,
but
________________________
(最终成为)
one
of
the
greatest
writers
of
his
time.
3．Our
lines
can
get
very
busy,
but
please
keep
trying
and
you
will
soon
________________
(接通)．
4．Friendship
means
having
someone
I
can
________________
(依靠)．
5．________________
(不管)
whether
he
is
right
or
wrong,
we
have
to
abide
by
his
decision.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
friendship
in
trouble
In
Andrew's
letter,
he
said
he
and
his
best
friend
Matthew
were
1.________
the
school
football
team.
Last
week
they
2.________
(play)
against
another
school.
3.________
other
team
was
superb
and
they
really
had
to
focus.
In
the
match
Matthew
couldn't
keep
pace
with
the
game,
so
they
lost
the
game.
For
this
reason,
Andrew
got
4.________
(anger)with
Matthew
and
said
that
he
had
not
tried
hard
enough.
Matthew
got
annoyed,
5.________
(say)
it
wasn't
his
fault
and
6.________
Andrew
shouldn't
talk
to
him
in
that
manner.
They
quarreled
and
7.________
turned
into
a
horrible
argument
at
last.
Because
Andrew
disliked
seeing
their
team
lose,
he
made
some
cruel
8.________
(remark)
during
the
argument.
9.________
they
argued,
they
had
stopped
talking
to
each
other.
Andrew
10.________
(feel)
awkward.
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
With
the
improvement
of
living
standard,
more
and
more
Chinese
are
going
abroad
1.________
(eager)
to
experience
foreign
culture.
However,
some
of
them
focus
too
much
2.________
themselves
and
forget
to
follow
the
local
customs,
which
has
had
a
bad
effect
on
our
country's
image.
As
for
this
phenomenon,
some
argue
3.________
severe
punishment
against
those
people.
They
should
4.________
(blame)
for
what
they
have
done.
Once
they
admitted
5.________
(do)
wrong,
they
should
first
make
an
6.________
(apologize)
in
public
and
then
accept
punishment.
Some
think
that
we
should
rely
on
the
guides
7.________
(prevent)
these
bad
behaviors.
Some
guides
who
ignore
to
remind
the
tourists
of
the
local
customs
should
also
be
punished.
They
should
respond
in
time
to
stop
the
tourists'
bad
8.________
(manner).
If
9.________，
some
bad
behaviors
can
be
prevented.
You
must
mind
your
own
behaviors
while
10.________
(travel)
abroad,
and
remember
to
prevent
the
uncivilized
behaviors
you
meet.
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
Step
One：用本单元所学词汇和句式结构翻译句子。
1．当你和好朋友之间有了误解，你该怎么办呢？(misunderstanding)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．首先，争吵和相互指责是没用的。(It
is
no
use
doing；blame)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．你们俩都应该慎重思考。(think...over)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．如果是你的错，你要先向她/他道歉。(apologize
to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．你的朋友会原谅你的。(forgive)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．如果这样的话，你们的友谊将会得到加强。(get
strengthened)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．要记住，友谊是以诚实为基础的。(keep
in
mind
that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Step
Two：把以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
必修⑤ Unit
1 Getting
along
with
others
基础回顾·自主排查
重点词汇积累
核心词汇
1．pretend 2.quarrel 3.overcome 4.forgive 5.envy 6.apologize
7．focus 8.eager 9.blame 10.swear
阅读词汇
1．易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 2.擅长运动的；健壮的 3.荒唐的，怪诞的 4.复习；修订，修改 5.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
拓展词汇
1．admit admission 2.guilty guilt 3.cruel cruelty 4.apologize apology apologetic 5.disagreement disagree 6.amusement amuse amusing amused 7.committed commit commitment 8.sensitive sense 9.respond response 10.truly true truth
高频短语
1．keep
pace
with 2.get
through 3.regardless
of 4.end
up 5.rely
on 6.as
a
result
of... 7.be
based
on... 8.thanks
to 9.暗中监视，窥探 10.不久，很快 11.在某人看来 12.想要做…… 13.遵守诺言 14.最后 15.羡慕某人某事 16.应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
即学即用
1．focused 2.remarked 3.envied 4.betrayed 5.pretended 6.blamed 7.overcame 8.quarrelled 9.forgave 10.apologize 11.rely
on 12.regardless
of 13.got
through 14.ended
up
as 15.keep
pace
with
经典句型复现
1．don't
think 2.cannot
help
wondering 3.had
ended would
have learnt 4.If
so
即学即用
1．If
so 2.I
don't
think
what
he
said 3.must
have
talked
4．can't
help
being
anxious
about 5.had
told
核心考点·互动探究
第一版块：考纲高频单词
1．(1)to
be
knocked (2)to
be
reading (3)pretend
to
have
known
what
you
don't
know
2．(1)lying (2)have
been
admitted (3)①admit
your
mistakes ②admit
having
made
mistakes ③admit
that
you
have
made
mistakes
3．(1)begging (2)to
come he
(should)
come
back
to (3)beg
to
differ
4．(1)forgive
me
for
interrupting/forgive
my
interrupting/forgive
my
interruption (2)will
be
forgiven (3)forgiveness
5．(1)on (2)focused (3)if
they
focus
too
much
on
foreign
festivals
6．(1)at
a
rapid
pace (2)keep
pace
with (3)set
the
pace
7．(1)in
this
manner (2)It
is
bad
manners
8．(1)argue
against (2)argue
him
into
following
(3)beyond
argument
9．(1)for (2)apology (3)not
letting
you
know
earlier which
10．(1)quarrelling (2)a (3)about/over had
a
quarrel
with
each
other
about/over
their
work
11．(1)is
very
sensitive
to (2)Are sensible
of (3)makes
sense (4)can
the
issue
be
said
12．(1)for (2)to
blame (3)communicate
with
each
other
rather
than
blame
each
other
13．(1)are
very
cautious
about (2)with
caution/cautiously
(3)against
talking
14．(1)eagerness (2)to
see (3)for he
(should)
help
us (4)to
ride (5)for
15．(1)at
the
mercy
of
the
storm (2)show
mercy
to/have
mercy
on be
merciful
to/towards (3)It
was
a
mercy
that
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．(1)It
won't
be
long
before (2)Before
long (3)long
before
2．(1)from (2)through (3)over (4)up
3．(1)signing (2)with (3)end
up
in
prison
4．(1)reliable (2)rely
on/upon
him
for
(3)①You
can
rely
on/upon
his
coming
on
time.
②You
can
rely
on/upon
him
to
come
on
time.
③You
can
rely
on/upon
it
that
he
will
come
on
time.
5．(1)regardless (2)Regarding (3)in/with to
6．(1)start (2)(to)
clean (3)laughing (4)yourself
7．(1)If
possible (2)If
so (3)if
any
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．to
blame 2.to 3.admitted 4.what 5.to
be
left 6.to
be
7．are
focused 8.on 9.gifted 10.security
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．Before
long 2.ended
up
as 3.get
through 4.rely
on 5.Regardless
of
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．in 2.played 3.The 4.angry 5.saying 6.that 7.it 8.remarks
9．Since 10.felt
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
1．eagerly 2.on 3.for 4.be
blamed 5.having
done 6.apology 7.to
prevent 8.manners 9.so 10.traveling
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
1．When
there
is
misunderstanding
between
you
and
your
good
friend,
what
should
you
do?
2．Firstly,
it's
no
use
quarrelling
with
each
other
or
blaming
each
other.
3．You
both
should
think
it
over.
4．If
it's
your
fault，you
should
apologize
to
her/him
first.
5．Your
friend
will
forgive
you.
6．If
so,
your
friendship
will
get
strengthened.
7．Just
keep
in
mind
that
friendship
is
based
on
honesty.
[参考范文]
When
there
is
misunderstanding
between
you
and
your
good
friend,
what
should
you
do?
Firstly,
it's
no
use
quarrelling
with
each
other
or
blaming
each
other.
You
both
should
think
it
over.If
it's
your
fault，you
should
apologize
to
her/
him
first.
And
your
friend
will
forgive
you.
If
so,
your
friendship
will
get
strengthened.
Just
keep
in
mind
that
friendship
is
based
on
honesty.必修⑤ Unit
2 The
environment
重点词汇积累
核心词汇——写其形
1．____________
vt.
&
vi.
&
n.
减少
2．____________
n.
措施vt.
测量
3．____________
adj.
愿意的，乐意的
4．____________
vt.
耗费，消耗；消费
5．____________
vt.
&
n.
逮捕
6．____________
n.
数量
7．____________
n.
&
vt.
辩论；争论，讨论
8．____________
vt.
&
vt.
鼓掌，拍手
9．____________
n.
到来，抵达；到达者
10．____________
n.
范围；山脉vi.
变化；排序
阅读词汇——知其意
1．conflict
vi.
________________
2．recycle
vt.
&
vi.
________________
3．customs
n.
________________
4．conservation
n.
________________
5．low?carbon
adj.
________________
拓展词汇——通其变
1．____________
n．产量；生产→____________
vt.生产，制造→____________
n．产品
2．________
n．责任，职责→________
adj.有责任心的
3．________
n．看法；信念→________
v．相信
4．________
v．经营；动手术→________
n．手术；活动，业务
5．________
vt.消耗，耗费；消费→________
n．消费者，用户，顾客→________
n．消费
6．__________
vt.使印象深刻→__________
n．印象；影响→__________
adj.令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的
7．________
adj.合法的→________
adj.违法的，非法的→________
adv.非法地
8．________
vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注→________
adj.全神贯注的
9．________
adj.环境的→________
n．环境
10．________
vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会→________
n．欣赏，感激
高频短语——记得牢
1．________________
减少，削减，缩减
2．________________
用完，耗尽
3．________________
在进行中
4．________________
排队等候
5．________________
关于，至于
6．_________________
排放
7．________________
用尽
8．________________
在使用中
9．________________
乐意做……，愿意做……
10．pick
out
________________
11．clean
up
________________
12．in
particular
________________
13．do
one's
part
________________
14．cause/do
damage
to...
________________
15．open
the
floor
________________
16．set
up
________________
即学即用：用所学单词或短语的适当形式填空
1．The
government
has
taken
________
(措施)
to
restrain
inflation.
2．Non?renewable
energy
has
been___________________(减少),
so
saving
energy
is
so
urgent
and
important.
3．Whether
the
United
States
should
have
used
the
atomic
bomb
has
been_______________________________
(讨论)
endlessly.
4．I
am
very
________
(愿意)
to
assist
if
needed.
5．Two
of
the
three
men
who
escaped
from
a
detention
house
(拘留所)
in
Heilongjiang
Province
were
____________
(逮捕)．
6．We've
had
________
(大量)
of
rain
this
summer.
7．His
________
(到来)
brought
complete
silence
to
the
room.
8．China
________
(变化)
from
mostly
plateaus
(高原)
and
mountains
in
the
west
to
lower
lands
in
the
east.
9．The
children
________________
(消耗，吃掉)
all
the
hamburgers.
10．The
audience
________
(鼓掌)
enthusiastically
and
called
for
more.
11．The
food
prices
are
going
up,
so
we
will________________________
(减少)
the
use
of
some
expensive
vegetables.
12．Can
you________________________(认出)your
friend
from
that
group
of
people
who
are
chatting
happily
over
there?
13．We
must
act
quickly
because
time
is________________
(耗尽).
The
manager
said
we
must
finish
the
project
on
time.
14．The
design
of
the
new
car
is
well________________
(在进行中)
and
you
can
expect
to
have
it
within
a
month.
15．This
concludes
our
presentation.
Now
let's
__________
(自由发言)
for
questions.
经典句型复现
1．I
____________________________________you
told
that
joke.
我喜欢你讲那个笑话。
2．Other
types
of
waste
flow
into
our
water,
__________________________
river
and
sea
life.
其他类型的废物流入我们的水域，杀死了河里和海里的生物。
3．_______________________________for
the
wide
range
of
fish
and
wildlife
that
live
in
or
along
the
river.
对于生活在河里或者河边的各个种类的鱼和野生生物来说，也不是好消息。
4．The
world's
population
has
grown
by
________________
in
1800.
与1800年的人口相比，世界人口数量已经增长了六倍。
5．Therefore,
________________petrol
and
electricity
we
consume,
________________
carbon
we
are
letting
off.
因此，我们消耗的汽油和电越多，我们排放的碳就越多。
即学即用：完成句子
1．她们不喜欢你老是问她们私人问题。(it作形式宾语)
They
don't_______________________you
keep
asking
them
about
their
personal
questions.
2．我们学校现在的学生数量是十年前的三倍多。(倍数＋what引导的名词性从句)
The
number
of
the
students
in
our
school
now
is
________________________________.
3．接下来我们一直期盼的那个时刻到了。(倒装句)
________
the
hour
we
had
been
looking
forward
to.
4．到处都是泥和水，使得从一个地方到另外一个地方去非常困难。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
There
is
mud
and
water
everywhere,
________________
from
place
to
place.
5．你睡觉前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上就对你的身体造成越大的负担。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)
________________
you
take
in
before
bedtime,
________________
you
will
put
on
your
body
at
night.
第一版块：高考考纲高频单词
1．debate
n．辩论；讨论 v．争论；思考；辩论
(1)debate
sth.
with
sb.
与某人争论……
debate
on/over/about
sth.
对某事进行讨论
(2)have
a
debate
on/over/about
sth.
对某事进行讨论
have/hold
a
debate
进行辩论
under
debate(＝being
debated)
正在讨论中
beyond
debate
毋庸置疑
(1)With
a
new
farm
bill
________________
(debate)
in
Congress,
consumers
must
take
a
stand
with
young
farmers.[2018·江苏卷]
(2)They
debated/had
a
debate________________
who
was
to
blame
for
the
traffic
accident
until
it
was
9
o'clock.
[同义句改写]
(3)The
suggestion
is
________
debate.
→The
suggestion
________________.
2．belief
n．看法；信念
(1)have
belief
in
...
相信/信仰……
beyond
(one's)
belief
难以置信
hold
the
belief
that...
持有……的观点
It
is
one's
belief
that...
某人相信……
(2)believe
vt.
相信；认为
believe
in
信任；依赖；相信(……的存在)
believe
it
or
not
信不信由你
It
is
believed
that...
人们相信……
(3)believable
adj.
可信的
(1)People
used
to________________________________the
earth
was
the
center
of
the
universe.
人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。
(2)I
have
no
belief
________________his
promise.
我不相信他的许诺。
(3)I
don't
________________you，for
I
don't
________
you.
我不相信你的话，因为我并不信任你。
[同义句改写]
(4)I
believe
that
good
manners
are
very
important
to
everybody.
→________________
good
manners
are
very
important
to
everybody.
(5)It
is
believed
that
he
has
told
the
truth.
→He
_______________________________________the
truth.
【易错点拨】 belief后跟介词in，表示“信任……”；也经常接that引导的名词性从句。
3．operate
v．经营；动手术；操作(机器)；(机器)运转；运作
(1)operate
as...
起……作用；作……用
operate
on/upon
sb.
＝do
an
operation
on
sb.
给某人动手术
(2)operation
n.
操作；经营；手术；运算
do
an
operation
on
sb.
给某人做手术
be
in
operation
在运转；在行动中；在实施中
have
an
operation
to
do
(医生)有个手术要做
come/go
into
operation
开始工作(生效)
put/bring...into
operation
实施；实行；启用；使……运转
(3)operator
n.
接线员(电话)；操作员
(1)The
doctor
operated
________
him
for
appendicitis(阑尾炎)．
(2)The
new
regulations
____________
(生效)
next
Sunday.
[同义句改写]
(3)This
machine
is
very
easy
________.
→________________________
this
machine.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中operation的汉语意思
(4)The
entire
operation
will
take
about
five
days.________
A．行动；活动
B．手术 C．操作
4．credit
n．信誉，信用；学分；赞扬，认可
on
credit
赊账
to
one's
credit
值得赞扬的是
(1)You
don't
have
to
pay
for
the
TV
set
now.
You
can
get
it
________.
你现在不必付那台电视机的钱，你可以赊账。
(2)________，
they
are
working
together.
值得称赞的是，他们一直在齐心协力地工作。
[熟词生义] 选择句子中credit的汉语意思
(3)This
course
counts
as
one
credit
towards
your
degree.________
A．学分 B．信用 C．认可
5．quantity
n．数量；量
in
quantity(in
large
quantities)
大量地
quantities
of＋不可数名词/名词复数＋谓语动词复数
许多……
a
quantity
of＋
(1)The
cards
are
cheaper
if
you
buy
them
________
quantity.
(2)A
large
quantity
of
beer_______________________
(sell)
yesterday.
(3)Large
quantities
of
food____________________________(waste)
because
of
the
way
it
cooks.
(4)A
large
quantity
of
air
conditioners
_______________________
(sell)
since
the
summer
came.
6．arrest
n.
&
vt.逮捕；拘留；吸引；阻止
(1)under
arrest
被捕
(2)arrest
one's
attention
吸引某人的注意
(1)With
the
help
of
the
old
man,
the
criminals
were
put
________
arrest.
(2)The
film
star
got
________
(arrest)
for
possession
of
illegal
drugs.
(3)They
immediately
reported
him
and
had
him
________
(arrest)．
(4)
An
unusual
painting
________________
(引起了他的注意)．
7．conflict
n．冲突，矛盾，斗争；争执 v．冲突；抵触，相左
(1)come
into
conflict
with...
和……冲突(动作)
(be)in
conflict
with...
和……冲突(状态)
(2)conflict
with...
与……发生冲突
(1)She
found
herself___________________________
her
parents
over
her
future
career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。
[同义句改写]
(2)She
often
conflicts
with
her
mother?in?law.
She
often
________________
her
mother?in?law.
8．measure
v．测量；估量；判定 n．措施；尺度；标准；计量制
(1)take
measures/steps/action
to
do
sth.
采取措施/行动做某事
make
sth.
to
one's
measure
照某人的尺寸制作某物
made
to
measure
量身订制
beyond
measure
无法估量地；极度地
(2)measure...by...
用……来衡量……
be
measured
by/in
用……来衡量/计算
(3)measurement
n.
尺寸；大小；测量
(1)The
coat
was
made
________
your
measure.
(2)You
should
________________
(采取有效措施)
to
improve
your
working
conditions.
(3)We
finally
bought
a
house,
________
(measure)
6×6
metres.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中measure的汉语意思
(4)The
picture
measures
10
by
14
inches.________
A．测量
B．(尺寸等)量度为……
C．措施
9．range
n．种类；范围 v．排列；涉及
(1)a
range
of...
一系列……
beyond/out
of
one's
range
超出某人的范围
in/within
the
range
of...
在……范围之内
(2)range
from
A
to
B
在A到B之间变化
(1)There
is
________________________mountains
in
my
hometown.
在我的家乡有一处连绵不断的山脉。
(2)The
subject
is
________________.
这个问题已超出了我的能力范围。
(3)The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife,
___________________
(range)
from
butterflies
to
elephants.[2017·北京卷]
国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。
10．appreciate
vt.欣赏；赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到
(1)appreciate
sth.
欣赏/赏识/感激某事物
appreciate
doing...
欣赏/感激做……
appreciate
sb./sb.'s
doing
sth.
感激某人做某事
I
would
appreciate
it
if...
假如……我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation
n.
欣赏；感激；理解
in
appreciation
of
欣赏；感激
(1)I
don't
appreciate
________
(treat)
like
a
second?class
citizen.
(2)Please
accept
this
gift
________
(感谢)
all
you've
done
for
us.
[同义句改写]
(3)I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
reply
at
your
earliest
convenience.(用grateful改写)[2017·天津卷]
→________________________________________________________________________
【易错点拨】 appreciate后不接不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，dislike,
enjoy，hate，love等。
11．particular
adj.特别的；特殊的；讲究的；挑剔的n．细节；细目
(1)be
particular
about/over...
对……挑剔/讲究
(2)in
particular/particularly
特别，尤其
(1)The
girl
is
very
particular
________
her
food.
(2)I
noticed
her
eyes
________
(特别),
because
they
were
very
large.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中particular的汉语意思
(3)Her
account
is
correct
in
every
particular.________
A．特色
B．细节
C．项目
12．absorb
v．吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并
(1)absorb
one's
attention
吸引某人的注意
absorb...from...
从……中吸收……
absorb...into...
把……吸进……
(2)absorbed
adj.
全神贯注的
be
absorbed
in
全神贯注于/专心于……
be
absorbed
by/into...
被……吞并(吸引)
(1)In
this
case,
try
to
push
away
your
thoughts
until
you're
________
(absorb)
in
what
your
friend
is
saying.[2021·河南南阳一中模拟]
(2)This
plant
absorbed
water
________
the
earth
around
it.
[句式升级]
(3)He
was
absorbed
in
TV
so
that
he
forgot
to
sleep.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
________________________________________________________________________
【易错点拨】 be
absorbed
in结构在句中作状语或定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed
in...。类似的结构还有：be
lost
in，be
caught
in，be
buried
in，be
devoted
to，be
occupied
in，be
involved
in等。
13．responsibility
n．责任，职责
(1)take
responsibility
for...
对……负责
(2)have
a
responsibility
to
do
sth.
有义务做某事
(3)be
responsible
for...
对……负责；是……的原因
(4)a
sense
of
responsibility
责任感，责任心
(1)Her
responsibility,
her
privilege,
would
be
to
rescue
it.[2019·江苏，阅读理解D]
她的责任，她的特权，将是去挽救它。
(2)And
she
said
social
media
companies
must
also
“take
more
responsibility”．[2017·江苏卷，阅读理解D]
并且她说社交媒体公司也必须“承担更多的责任”。
(3)Make
is
responsible
for
designing
the
entire
project.
迈克负责设计全部工程。
[语法填空]
(1)She
takes
her
________
(responsible)
as
a
nurse
very
seriously.
(2)Let's
stay
calm
and
try
to
behave
like
________
(responsibility)
adults.
(3)The
airline
is
legally
responsible
________
the
safety
of
its
passengers.
(4)Parents
have
a
responsibility
________
(give)
their
children
a
good
education.
14．decrease
vt.
&
vi.减少
(1)decrease
from...to...
从……减少到……
(2)decrease
by...
减少了……
(3)(a)
decrease
in/of
减少……的量
(4)increase
from...to...
从……增加到……
(1)This
switch
has
decreased
pollution
in
the
country's
major
lakes
and
reservoirs
and
made
drinking
water
safer
for
people.[2018·全国Ⅱ，语法填空]
这次改变已经减少国家的主要湖泊和水库的污染，对于人们来说，这使得饮用水更加安全。
(2)The
number
of
new
students
decreased
from
210
to
160
this
year.今年新生人数从210减少到160。
(3)There
has
been
some
decrease
in
military
spending
this
year.今年的军费开支有所减少。
[语法填空]
(1)The
price
of
wheat
has
decreased
________
15%.
(2)This
species
of
bird
is
decreasing
________
numbers
every
year.
(3)The
population
has
________
1.2
million
________
1.8
million.
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．run
out
of(人)用完；从……流出/跑出
run
out(＝give
out)
用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
run
across
偶然碰见
run
after
追捕；跟踪；追求
run
away
跑开；逃走
run
into
撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)
run
for
竞选；匆匆去取
run
through
浏览；快速穿越[根据语境用run短语的正确形式填空]
(1)However,
that
rapid
growth
is
likely
to
slow
down
as
people________________________
time
that's
available
for
them
to
use
their
devices.[2021·湖南永州三模]
(2)One
day
she____________________________Xiao
Liu
in
the
mall.
(3)If
you__________________________________
two
hares，you
will
catch
neither.
(4)She
___________________________class
president
and
won
the
majority.
2．pick
out挑出；选出；辨别出；领会
pick
up 拾起；整理；学会；收听；(身体)好转；用车接某人
[写出下列句子pick
out的汉语意思]
(1)I
have
picked
out
the
bad
potatoes
from
the
basket.________________
(2)He
picked
out
an
old
friend
in
the
crowd.________________
(3)I
can't
pick
out
the
meaning
of
the
poem.________________
[完成句子]
(4)Uncle
Paul,
my
dad's
friend,
____________________
(从机场接上我们)
and
drove
us
up
to
his
farm
in
Pecos.[2018·浙江卷]
3．with/in
regard
to(＝as
regards)关于；至于
regard
n.
注意，关注；关心；问候
vi.
将……认为；看待
give
one's
regards
to
sb.
代某人向某人问候
regard...as...
把……当作……
(1)_________
_______________
(关于)
disaster
activity,
long?term
partnerships
are
ideal.
(2)The
lion____________________________
(regard)
as
the
king
in
the
animal
world
so
it
represents
power.[2021·辽宁大连一模]
(3)If
you
see
Jim,
________________________
(请代我问候他)．
【易错点拨】 regard作“问候，致意”解，总是用复数形式。regard...as...中的as不可换成to
be;
as为介词，后可跟名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词等。
4．use
up用尽
(1)use...for
doing
sth.
用……做某事
(2)use...as...
用……当作……
(3)use
sb.
to
do
sth.
利用某人做某事
(1)Making
soup
is
a
good
way
of
using
up
leftover
vegetables.把剩下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。
(2)The
building
is
currently
being
used
as
a
warehouse.
这所房子目前用作仓库。
【词语辨析】
give
out
表示“耗尽，用完”，不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物。
run
out
表示“用完了”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。
run
out
of
表示“用完”，为及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人。
use
up
表示“用完，用光”，与run
out
of用法相同，为及物动词短语，表示主动，主语一般为人。
It's
predicted
that
the
world's
oil
supply
would
soon
give
out.据预测世界石油储存很快就会耗尽。
You'd
better
go
home
before
your
money
runs
out.
你最好别等钱花光再回家。
We
ran
out
of
fuel.我们把燃料用光了。
I've
used
up
all
the
notebooks.
所有的笔记本我都用完了。
[句型转换]
(1)The
time
ran
out.
→The
time
was
________________________.
(2)We
are
running
out
of
the
petrol.
→We
are
________________
the
petrol.
5．under
way进行中
(1)under
construction
在建设中
(2)under
discussion
在讨论中
(3)under
repair
在修理中
(4)under
control
被控制住
(5)under
consideration
在考虑中
(1)Preparations
are
well
under
way
for
a
week
of
special
events
in
May.五月份特别活动周的准备工作已经顺利开展。
(2)The
plans
have
been
under
discussion
for
a
year
now.
这些计划至今已讨论一年了。
(3)The
hotel
is
currently
under
repair.
这家酒店正在维修。
[完成句子]
(1)Several
new
railways
are
under
________
(建设)
in
China.
(2)How
much
money
we
should
spend
on
endangered
tigers
is
under
________
(讨论)．
(3)I'm
afraid
that
the
road
to
Wolong
Nature
Reserve
is
under
________
(修理)．
(4)The
request
to
buy
a
video
for
each
classroom
is
under
________
(考虑)．
6．What
if
they
run
out？如果它们用完了怎么办呢？
句型：What
if...?
What
if...？“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于What
shall
we/I
do
if...?
what
if...中what可看作是what
should
sb.
do或what
does
it
matter或what
would
happen的省略。what
if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should＋动词原形)。
What
for？为何目的，为何理由？
So
what？那又怎么样？
What/How
about...？……怎么样？
Guess
what？你猜怎么着？
(1)—She
will
be
angry
with
what
you
have
done.
—________________？
——她会对你所做的事情生气的。
——那又怎样？
(2)____________
a
student
is
found
to
have
told
his
combination
to
others?
如果一个学生发现把自己的组合密码告诉了别人将会怎样？
[同义句改写]
(3)If
I
fall
sick
and
can't
work，what
shall
I
do?
→________
I
fall
sick
and
can't
work?
7．There
is
no
doubt
that
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。
句型：There
is
no
doubt
that...
(1)There
is
no
doubt
that.../about＋名词毫无疑问……
There
is
some
doubt
whether.../about＋名词是否……有疑问。
(2)doubt
v.
&
n．怀疑；疑问，其用法如下：
①在肯定句中，doubt后面接whether或if引导的宾语从句或whether引导的同位语从句。
②在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句或同位语从句。
(1)There
is
some
doubt
_______________________our
experiment
will
succeed./There
is
some
doubt
________________.
我们的实验是否成功还有疑问。
(2)_________________________________________________he
can
finish
the
task
on
time.
我不怀疑他会准时完成任务。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I'd
appreciate______________________________if
you
could
give
me
the
opportunity.
2．My
brother
has
________________________firm
belief
in
the
value
of
cold
bath.
3．Large
quantities
of
water____________
(pollute)
already,
which
makes
the
river
around
the
village
smell
terrible.
4．The
question
of
a
third
airport
is
still
________
debate.
5．It
is
high
time
that
we
should
take
some
measures________________________________
(protect)
endangered
animals.
6．He
has
a
number
of
interests,
_______________
(range)
from
playing
chess
to
swimming.
7．The
number
of
cyclists
running
through
red
traffic
lights
is_____________________the
decrease.
8．Ten
years
ago
the
population
of
our
village
was
twice
as
large
________that
of
theirs.
9．Though________
(will)
to
get
started，we
cannot
seem
to
do
the
job
right.
10．I
became
a
radio________________
(operate)
at
the
age
of
eleven.
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．We
oppose
any
plan
to
________________________
(减少)
the
education
budget.
2．The
coal
industry
is
running
down
as
coal
supplies
are
________________
(用完)
in
this
area.
3．There
was
no
longer
any
doubt
that
the
enemy's
offensive
was
________________
(进行中)．
4．She
was
________________
(挑选)
from
thousands
of
applicants
for
the
job.
5．__________________________
(关于)
your
request,
I
regret
to
inform
you
that
I
am
unable
to
help
you.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
With
the
development
of
society,
people
care
more
about
the
1.________
(protect)
of
the
environment.
As
we
all
know,
vast
areas
of
the
world
2.________
(damage)
by
chemical
waste.
Large
3.________
(quantity)
of
waste
go
into
the
atmosphere
and
flow
into
the
water,
4.________
(make)
people
sick
and
killing
river
and
sea
life.
5.________
addition,
fishing
boats
catch
large
numbers
of
fish
without
giving
them
time
to
lay
eggs,
resulting
in
a
6.________
(small)
number
of
fish
left
for
us
to
eat
in
the
future.
It's
high
time
we
7.________
(take)
some
effective
measures
to
protect
our
environment.
Firstly,
we
need
to
cut
back
on
production
8.________
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.
We
also
need
to
think
more
about
recycling
our
waste
and
teach
people
the
9.________
(environmental)
friendly
ways
of
living.
Only
when
everyone
10.________
(do)
his
part
can
we
live
in
harmony
with
the
environment.
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
Recently,
we
had
a
heated
debate
1.________
the
massive
usage
of
robots
in
industry.
It
is
reported
that
the
number
of
robots
used
in
industry
is
five
times
2.________
(many)
than
ten
years
ago.
Large
3.________
(quantity)
of
robots,
which
are
easy
4.________
(operate),
will
be
put
in
use
in
the
near
future.
Robots
can
help
cut
back
5.________
cost,
and
6.________
(particular),
improve
the
production.
Some
believe
that
the
more
robots
are
used,
the
7.________
(good)
it
is
for
our
development.
But
I
hold
the
8.________
(believe)
that
it
may
cause
high
unemployment.
Our
government
should
take
the
9.________
(responsible)
to
take
effective
measures
to
help
those
workers
losing
their
jobs.
I
would
appreciate
10.________
if
you
could
give
us
your
opinions.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
Step
One：用本单元所学词汇和句式结构翻译句子。
1．随着气候的变化和经济的发展，环境变得越来越糟。(with的复合结构；worse
and
worse)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．到了我们采取措施来保护环境的时候了。(It's
time
that...；take
measures
to
do)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．我们每个人都应该负起责任来。(take
the
responsibility)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．在家我们应该尽可能地少消耗能源。(consume)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．离开时关灯。(when
doing)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．另外，外出时，不开车，乘公交车或骑自行车。(in
addition；instead
of)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Step
Two：把以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
必修⑤ Unit
2 The
environment
基础回顾·自主排查
重点词汇积累
核心词汇
1．decrease 2.measure 3.willing 4.consume 5.arrest
6．quantity 7.debate 8.clap 9.arrival 10.range
阅读词汇
1．冲突，抵触 2.回收利用 3.海关，关税 4.(对自然环境的)保护 5.低碳的
拓展词汇
1．production produce product 2.responsibility responsible 3.belief believe 4.operate operation 5.consume consumer consumption 6.impress impression impressive 7.legal illegal illegally 8.absorb absorbed 9.environmental environment 10.appreciate appreciation
高频短语
1．cut
back
on 2.run
out(of) 3.under
way 4.queue
up 5.in/with
regard
to 6.let
off 7.use
up 8.in
use 9.be
willing
to
do 10.找出，挑选 11.打扫(或清除)干净 12.尤其，特别 13.尽自己的职责 14.对……造成危害 15.自由发言 16.创建，建立，开办
即学即用
1．measures 2.decreasing 3.debated 4.willing 5.arrested 6.quantities 7.arrival 8.ranges 9.consumed 10.clapped 11.cut
back
on 12.pick
out 13.running
out 14.under
way 15.open
the
floor
经典句型复现
1．liked
it
when 2.killing 3.Nor
is
it
good
news 4.six
times
what
it
was 5.the
more the
more
即学即用
1．like
it
when 2.more
than
three
times
what
it
was
ten
years
ago 3.Then
came 4.making
it
difficult
to
travel 5.The
more
fat the
greater
burden
核心考点·互动探究
第一版块：考纲高频单词
1．(1)to
be
debated (2)about/on/over (3)under is
being
debated
2．(1)hold
the
belief
that (2)in (3)believe believe
in (4)It
is
my
belief
that (5)is
believed
to
have
told
3．(1)on/upon (2)will
come
into
operation (3)to
operate It
is
very
easy
to
operate (4)A
4．(1)on
credit (2)To
their
credit (3)A
5．(1)in (2)was
sold (3)are
wasted (4)have
been
sold
6．(1)under (2)arrested (3)arrested (4)arrested/attracted/drew/caught
his
attention
7．(1)in
conflict
with (2)comes
into
conflict
with
8．(1)to (2)take
effective
measures/steps (3)measuring (4)B
9．(1)a
range
of (2)beyond/out
of
my
range (3)ranging
10．(1)being
treated (2)in
appreciation
of (3)I
would
be
grateful
to
you
for
replying
at
your
earliest
convenience.
11．(1)about/over (2)particularly/in
particular (3)B
12．(1)absorbed (2)from (3)Absorbed
in
TV,
he
forgot
to
sleep.
13．(1)responsibilities (2)responsible (3)for (4)to
give
14．(1)by (2)in (3)increased
from to
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．(1)run
out
of (2)ran
across/into (3)run
after (4)ran
for
2．(1)挑出，拣出 (2)辨认出 (3)领会 (4)picked
us
up
from
the
airport
3．(1)In/With
regard
to/As
regards/Regarding (2)is
regarded
(3)give
my
regards
to
him/give
him
my
regards
4．(1)run
out
of (2)using
up
5．(1)construction (2)discussion (3)repair (4)consideration
6．(1)So
what (2)What
if (3)What
if
7．(1)whether about
the
success
of
our
experiment (2)I
don't
doubt
that/I
have
no
doubt
that
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．it 2.a 3.have
been
polluted 4.under 5.to
protect 6.ranging
7．on 8.as 9.willing 10.operator
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．cut
back
on 2.used
up 3.under
way 4.picked
out 5.With/In
regard
to
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．protection 2.are
damaged 3.quantities 4.making 5.In 6.smaller 7.took/should
take 8.and 9.environmentally 10.does
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
1．over 2.more 3.quantities 4.to
operate 5.on 6.particularly
7．better 8.belief 9.responsibility 10.it
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
1．With
the
climate
changing
and
the
development
of
economy,
the
environment
is
getting
worse
and
worse.
2．It's
time
that
we
should
take/took
measures
to
protect
the
environment.
3．Every
one
of
us
should
take
the
responsibility.
4．At
home,
we
should
consume
as
little
energy
as
possible.
5．Turn
off
the
lights
when
leaving.
6．In
addition,
when
going
out,
instead
of
driving
a
car,
take
a
bus
or
cycle.
[参考范文]
With
the
climate
changing
and
the
development
of
economy,
the
environment
is
getting
worse
and
worse.
It's
time
that
we
should
take/took
measures
to
protect
the
environment.
Every
one
of
us
should
take
the
responsibility.
At
home，we
should
consume
as
little
energy
as
possible.
Turn
off
the
lights
when
leaving.
In
addition,
when
going
out,
instead
of
driving
a
car,
take
a
bus
or
cycle.必修⑤ Unit
3 Science
and
nature
重点词汇积累
核心词汇——写其形
1．____________
vt.
克隆n.
克隆出来的动物或植物
2．____________
vt.
实施；指挥乐队
3．____________
vt.
&
vi.
证实；确认；使确信
4．____________
n.
饥饿；饥荒
5．____________
vt.
&
vi.
收割(庄稼)n.
收获；收成
6．____________
vt.
使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向改变)；使改变形态
7．____________
n.
概念；观念
8．____________
adj.
普通的，一般的
9．____________
n.
利润，收益vi.
&
vt.
获益
10．____________
n.
赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
阅读词汇——知其意
1．physician
n.
________________
2．breakthrough
n.
________________
3．profession
n.
________________
4．nutrition
n.
________________
5．splendid
adj.
________________
拓展词汇——通其变
1．________
n．仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及→________
v．考虑→________
prep.考虑到→________
adj.体贴的→________
adj.相当多的；值得考虑的
2．________
n．意图，目的；企图→________
v．计划；打算
3．________
vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳→________
n．采纳
4．________
vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→________
n．惊吓；恐怖→________
adj.害怕的；受惊的→________
adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的
5．________
n．多数，大多数→________
v．主修→________
adj.主要的
6．________
vt.实施；指挥乐队→________
n．表现，举止
7．________
n．准许，许可，批准→________
vt.准许，允许→________
n．许可证
8．________
n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决→________
v．判断；评价→________
n．法官，裁判员
9．________
n．罪，罪行→________
n．罪犯
10．____________
adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的→____________
adv.原来，起初→____________
n．起源
高频短语——记得牢
1．________________
戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
2．________________
义无反顾地进行，努力推进
3．________________
耗尽体力，累垮
4．________________
认真考虑
5．________________
赞同，支持
6．________________
供出售，待销售
7．________________
有意义，有道理，讲得通
8．________________
结果是，证明是，生产
9．comment
on...
________________
10．on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand...
________________
11．follow
in
one's
footsteps
________________
12．in
agreement
with...
________________
13．succeed
in
doing
sth.
________________
14．concentrate
on
________________
15．point
of
view
________________
16．put...in
place
________________
即学即用：用所学单词或短语的适当形式填空
1．Keita
said
China
has
always
been
a
________
(可信赖的)
friend
of
Mali
and
other
African
countries.
2．The______________
(大多数)
of
people
in
almost
every
country
said
wealthier
nations
are
not
doing
enough
to
help
poorer
ones.
3．All
11
miners
buried
in
a
rainstorm?triggered
landslide
were____________________
(确认)
dead
in
southwest
China.
4．I
didn't
like
him
at
first,
but
in
the
end
I
_______________(实际上)
got
quite
fond
of
him.
5．Have
you
______________
(考虑)
what
you'll
do
if
you
don't
get
the
job?
6．Do
________
(精确地)
what
I
tell
you
and
no
one
will
get
hurt!
7．She
has
now
begun
placing
speakers
in
the
fields
to
see
if
elephants
are______________
(吓跑)
away.
8．It's
said
that
there'll
be
a
concert_________________
(指挥)
by
a
world?famous
conductor
on
Sunday
evening.
9．Her
unhappy
childhood
was
the
_________________
(起因)
of
her
problems
later
in
life.
10．In
this
information
age,
science
and
technology
has
greatly_________________
(改变)
our
way
of
life.
11．I'm
___________
(累垮)
because
of
too
much
work
—
I
need
a
holiday.
12．If
you
can
set
the
company
on
its
feet,
they
want
to
____________
(效仿你)．
13．Of
course,
not
everyone
was
_________________
(赞同)
reforming
at
the
outset.
14．Everything
______________________
(被认真考虑),
her
plan
seems
more
practical.
15．Whatever
happens,
we
must________________
(努力推进)
our
plans
to
increase
production.
经典句型复现
1．________________
is
best
for
nature
is
good
for
people.
并非一切对自然最好的对人类就有益。
2．___________________________with
genetically
modified
(GM)
food.
这一点在转基因食物这一领域体现得最明显。
3．___________________________successfully
from
an
adultcell
was
Dolly
the
sheep.第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
4．The
boy
was________________________.
这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。
5．Therefore,
we
cannot
confirm
that
food
from
cloned
animals________________________.
因此，我们不能确定来自克隆动物的食品人吃是否真的安全。
即学即用：完成句子
1．中国在任何时候决不首先使用核武器。(the＋序数词＋名词＋to
do
sth.)
At
no
time
will
China
be
______________________________nuclear
weapons.
2．与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。(more...than...)
He
is________________.
3．对于学生学习而言，图书馆是最好的地方了。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义)
________________
than
the
library
for
students
to
study.
4．一旦你简要地了解了唐朝的历史，唐诗是很容易学习的。(主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式)[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]
________
you
know
about
the
history
of
Tang
Dynasty
briefly,Tang
poems________.
5．你最好抓住这次机会，接受他们提供的工作。我不觉得你会在以后找到更好的工作。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义)
You'd
better
take
the
chance
and
accept
their
offer.
I
________
you
will________
in
the
future.
第一版块：高考考纲高频单词
1．adopt
vt.收养；领养；采用；采纳
(1)adopt
an
approach/a
policy
采用一种方法/一项政策
adopt
sb.'s
suggestion/advice
采纳某人的建议
adopt
sb.
as...
收养某人为……；挑选某人为……
(2)adopted
adj.
被收养的；被采用的
an
adopted
son
养子
(3)adoptive
adj.
收养的；有收养关系的
an
adoptive
father/mother
养父/母
(4)adoption
n.
收养；采纳；采用
(1)He
has
worked
in
the
new
school
for
three
months,
________
(adopt)
a
different
teaching
method.
(2)Stephen
Smith
was
accepted
into
the
family
like
an
________
(adopt)
brother.
[句式升级]
(3)After
he
adopted
a
new
way,
the
problem
was
solved.
①________________，
the
problem
was
solved.(with的复合结构)
②________________，
he
solved
the
problem.
(现在分词短语作状语)
【词语辨析】
adopt
意为“采纳；收养”。
adapt
意为“改编；适应”。
She
was
forced
to
have
her
baby
adopted.
她被迫把婴儿给别人收养。
It's
amazing
how
soon
you
adapt.
你这么快就适应了，真让人难以置信。
[完成句子]
(4)总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。
After
much
deliberation,
the
president
decided
to
________
her
suggestion.
(5)几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。
After
a
few
months,
the
child
came
to
________
to
his
new
life.
2．consequence
n．后果；结果；重要性
(1)as
a
consequence＝in
consequence＝as
a
result
结果，因此(副词词组)
as
a
consequence
of＝in
consequence
of＝as
a
result
of＝because
of
因为……的缘故；由于……(介词词组)
take/suffer/face
the
consequences
of...
承担……的结果/后果
(be)
of
no/little
consequence
无足轻重；不重要
(2)consequently
adv.
因此；必然地
(1)Last
term,
my
father
met
with
a
traffic
accident,
and
his
right
leg
got
injured
seriously.
________
(consequence),
he
received
an
operation
and
I
had
to
look
after
him
in
the
hospital.
(2)We
must_________________________________
(承担……的后果)
our
own
deed.
(3)His
decision
________________
(不重要)
to
me.
[同义句改写]
(4)A
great
fire
broke
out，and
as
a
consequence,
the
house
was
completely
destroyed.
→________________________________
a
great
fire，the
house
was
completely
destroyed.
3．transform
vt.
&
vi.转化；转换；改造；变换
(1)transform
A
into
B
把A转变成B
(2)transformation
n.
转化；转换；改造；变换
(1)Anyone
who
expects
a
source
of
power
in
the
________
(transform)
of
these
atoms
is
talking
moonshine.[2017·北京卷]
(2)Having
been
transformed
________
a
powerful
one,
the
firm
decided
to
extend
business
to
Europe.
4．profession
n．职业，行业
(1)by
profession
作为专业(职业)
(2)professional
adj.
职业的；专业的n.
专业人员
(1)He
is
a
lawyer
________________.
他的职业是律师。
(2)She
planned
to
become
a
_________________
(profession)
athlete.
她计划成为一名职业运动员。
5．majority
n．大部分；大多数；大半
(1)in
a/the
majority
占大多数
a/the
majority
of...
大多数……
(2)major
adj.
主要的；主修的n.
主修科目，专业；主修某科目的学生，某专业的学生vi.
主修
major
in...
主修……
(1)A
majority
of
Africans
________
(be)
forced
to
work
for
the
Europeans
in
the
past.
(2)The
majority
of
the
land
________
(destroy)
so
far.
(3)Only
a
minority
of
people
in
that
city
do
not
have
a
car
while
the
people
taking
the
subway
to
work
are
________
(占多数)．
(4)________________
(他们中的大多数)
take
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.[2016·天津卷]
[一句多译]
(5)我在大学里主修英语。
①________________________________________________________________________
(major
n．)
②________________________________________________________________________
(major
n．)
③________________________________________________________________________
(major
v．)
【易错点拨】 (1)the
majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；“the/a
majority
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。
(2)the
majority
of修饰的名词通常不带冠词，但若需特指也可带定冠词。
6．brief
adj.短时间的；短暂的；简洁的；简单的 n．简要；摘要
(1)in
brief
简单地说
to
be
brief
简言之
(2)briefly
speaking
简言之
(1)Besides,
you
are
expected
to______________
(brief)
learn
about
the
background
of
“China
dream”．
[一句多译]
(2)简言之，我们不能接受这样的一个方案。
①________________，we
can't
accept
such
a
plan.
(brief)
②________________________________________________________________________，we
can't
accept
such
a
plan.
(briefly)
【易错点拨】 briefly
speaking等由“副词＋speaking”构成的短语可看成固定搭配，不再考虑其逻辑主语及和句子主语之间的关系。
7．confirm
v．确认；证实；证明；使确信
confirm
sth.
证明/证实某事；确认某事
It
has
been
confirmed
that...
已证明/已确定……
confirm
sb.
in
office
批准某人上任
confirm
sb.
in
one's
post
批准某人任职
confirm
sb.
in
one's
dislike
of
sth.
确定某人不喜欢某物
confirm
a
belief
使信念更坚定
confirm
sb.
in
one's
position
as...
确认某人担任……的职务
confirm
sth.
by...
用……(电话等)手段/方法确认某事
confirm
that/wh?从句
证明/证实……
(1)________
has
already
been
confirmed
that
the
meeting
will
be
held
next
week.
(2)He
________
(confirm)
as
captain
for
the
rest
of
the
season
yesterday.
(3)The
last
________
(confirm)
wild
pigeon
in
the
United
States
was
shot
by
a
boy
in
Pike
County，Ohio，in
1900.
8．favour
n．帮助；喜爱；恩惠；赞同 v．喜爱；偏袒
(1)in
favour
of
赞成；支持；主张
in
sb's
favour
对某人有利；有助于某人
show
favour
to...
对……偏爱/偏袒
owe
sb.
a
favour
欠某人的人情
do
a
favour
for
sb.
＝do
sb.
a
favour
帮某人一个忙
ask
sb.
a
favour＝ask
a
favour
of
sb.
请某人帮一个忙
(2)favourable
adj.
有利的；赞许的；给人好印象的
(1)The
response
to
the
invention
hasn't
been
all
________
(favor)．
(2)
Most
of
them
were
________
(支持)
my
opinion
while
David
was
against
it.
(3)Would
you
_______________________
(帮我个忙)
to
open
the
window?
[同义句改写]
(4)Now
I
wonder
whether
you
could
do
me
a
favour.
→Now
I
wonder
________________________.
→Now
I
wonder
________________________.
→Now
I
wonder
________________________.
【易错点拨】 若favour之后跟有表示其具体内容的不定式或“of
doing
sth.”
，则其前面必须用定冠词the。
9．intention
n．意图，目的；企图
(1)have
no
intention
of
没有……的打算
(2)with
the
intention
of
抱有……的目的，打算
(3)be
intended
for
为……而提供的；专为……而设计的
(4)intend
sb.
to
do
sth.
打算让某人做某事
(5)intend
to
do/doing
sth.
打算做某事
(1)He
left
England
with
the
intention
of
travelling
in
Africa.他离开英国，打算去非洲旅行。
(2)But
when
Dennis
Williams
received
a
text
that
clearly
wasn't
intended
for
him,
he
did
something
special.[2018·全国Ⅲ，完形填空]
但是当Dennis
Williams收到一条明显不是发给他的短信时，他做了一些特别的事。
(3)I
fully
intended
to
pay
for
the
damage.
我确实诚心想赔偿损失。
[完成句子]
(1)我不想在画还没有完成前就让她看到。
I
didn't
__________________________
the
painting
until
it
was
finished.
(2)我无意去参加婚礼。
I
have
________________
of
going
to
the
wedding.
10．profit
n．利润，收益vi.
&
vt.获益；对……有用
(1)make
(a)
profit
获利
(2)profit
by/from
...
从……中获益
(1)Although
she
founded
her
company
early
on
in
life,
she
wasn't
driven
primarily
by
profit.[2019·北京，阅读理解B]
尽管她很早就成立了公司，但她没受到利益驱动。
(2)The
company
made
a
healthy
profit
of
$106
million
last
year.公司去年获得1.06亿元的厚利。
(3)We
tried
to
profit
by
our
mistakes.
我们努力从错误中吸取教训。
[语法填空]
(1)You
will
profit
________
buying
a
large
house
at
present.
(2)They
make
________
profit
of
ten
pence
on
every
copy
they
sell.
(3)He's
getting
married
again,
after
two
divorces,
so
he
obviously
hasn't
________
(profit)
by
his
experiences.
11．permission
n．准许，许可，批准
(1)without
permission
未经许可
(2)permit
sb.
to
do
sth.
准许某人做某事
(3)permit
doing
准许做……
(1)But
Naomi
would
have
to
ask
Steve's
permission.[2019·江苏卷，阅读理解D]
但Naomi必须征得Steve的同意。
(2)She
took
the
car
without
permission.
她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。
(3)Cash
machines
permit
you
to
withdraw
money
at
any
time.取款机可让你随时取款。
(4)The
government
has
already
permitted
the
company
to
use
special
materials
to
make
it
easier
for
the
vehicle
to
fly.[2017·全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C]
政府已经批准公司使用特殊材料来使汽车飞行更容易。
[句型转换]
Students
can't
stay
away
at
night
without
permission.
①We
don't
permit
students'
________________
at
night.
②We
don't
permit
students
________________________
at
night.
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．push
ahead
with义无反顾地进行，努力推进
push
aside
把……搁置一边，不考虑；不去想；推开……
push(one's
way)through
挤过去；使(计划、方法等)获得通过
push
back
推迟；延迟
push
over
推翻，推倒
(1)After
careful
consideration
they
decided
to____________________________________
the
deal.
经过仔细考虑后，他们决定努力推动这笔交易的实现。
(2)You
must
_________________
these
negative
thoughts
________
to
better
cooperate
with
your
team
members.
你必须把这些消极想法放在一边，以便更好地与你的团队成员合作。
(3)We
had
to
_________________________________the
crowd
to
see
the
stage
clearly.
为了看清楚舞台，我们不得不从人群中挤过去。
2．up
to取决于；到达(某数量、程度等)
be
up
to
(doing)sth.
胜任(做)某事；适于(做)某事；正/在忙于(做)某事
be
up
to
sb.
由某人决定
up
to
now
到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
(1)—What
shall
we
do
tonight
then?
—________
is
up
to
you
—
whatever
you
want.
(2)This
is
the
only
one
of
the
oldest
customs
that
________________
(keep)
in
this
district
up
to
now.
(3)He's
not
really
up
to
________
(see)
any
visitors.
[联想发散] 表达“胜任”的短语还有：be
equal
to,
be
fit
for,
be
qualified
for,
be
adequate
to等。
3．take
sth.
into
consideration考虑到某事；顾及某事
(1)consideration
n.
考虑；体谅
out
of
consideration
for...
出于对……的体谅
under
consideration
在考虑中
(2)considerate
adj.
考虑周到的；体贴的
be
considerate
of...
对……体贴
It
is
considerate
of
sb.
to
do...
某人做……真体贴。
(3)consider
v.
仔细考虑；细想；认为；以为
consider
doing...
考虑做……
consider
sb.
/sth.
to
be/as...
认为某人(物)为……
all
things
considered
总而言之；考虑到所有情况
(4)considering
prep.
&
conj.
考虑到；鉴于
(1)________________
Michael
to
inform
us
of
his
delay
in
case
we
got
worried.
迈克尔通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。
(2)I
consider
him
________________
the
best
candidate.
我认为他是最好的候选人。
[句式升级]
(3)If
you
take
all
things
into
consideration,
you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.
①________________________，
you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②________________________，
you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.(用with的复合结构改写)
4．The
boy
was
more
frightened
than
hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。
句型：more...than...
more...than...与其说……，倒不如说……(强调more后的内容，表示同一人或物的两种特征的对比，more和than后接形容词/副词的原级、名词、介词短语或动词不定式等两个并列成分)
more
than 多于；不仅仅；非常；岂止
not
more
than
不多于；不超过；至多
no
more
than
仅仅；只不过
no＋比较级＋than...
前者和后者都不……(两者的否定)
less...than...
比……少，不如……多；与其……不如……(强调than后的内容)
(1)The
man
was
more
________
than
________，
so
he
failed
many
times.
这个人有勇无谋，所以他失败了很多次。
[句式升级]
(2)He
is
very
happy
at
the
good
news.
(用more
than改写)
________________________________________________________________________
(3)Neither
he
nor
you
are
diligent.
(用no
more...than...改写)
________________________________________________________________________
(4)He
is
more
clever
than
diligent.
(用less...than...改写)
________________________________________________________________________
5．Nowhere
is
this
truer
than
with
genetically
modified
(GM)
food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。
句型：(1)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
(1)Nowhere...truer...此处是否定词和比较级连用表达最高级含义。
(2)最高级意义的多种表达法：
①比较级＋than＋
②否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
③否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
④the＋形容词/副词最高级
(1)He
is
studying
____________________
in
this
class.
他比这个班上任何一个其他的学生学习都要努力。
[句式升级]
(2)What
an
interesting
novel!
I
have
never
read
a
more
moving
one.
(用最高级改写)
What
an
interesting
novel!
________________________.
(3)It
was
not
until
then
that
I
realized
I
was
the
happiest
in
the
world.
(用比较级改写)
It
was
not
until
then
that
I
realized
________________________
in
the
world.
句型：(2)本句以否定词nowhere开头，为倒装语序。
(1)具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含有否定词的短语等放句首时，主句需部分倒装。
(2)这类常用的否定词或否定词组有：not,
hardly,
little,
never,
rarely,
seldom,
by
no
means,
in
no
way,
not
until,
in
no
case
(决不),
on
no
condition
(无论如何也不),
no
longer,
at
no
time
(任何时候都不),
no
on
account
(决不),
no
sooner...than,
hardly/scarcely...when
(一……就……)等。
Little
did
he
know
that
the
police
were
around.
他一点儿也不知道警察就在旁边。
By
no
means
will
I
surrender.我决不屈服让步。
[完成句子]
(4)我一点也不知道她已经离开了。
__________________________
know
that
she
had
already
left.
(5)他刚一开始说话他父亲就制止了他。
________________________
begun
to
speak
when
his
father
stopped
him.
(6)宝宝睡着后妈妈才离开房间。
________________
the
baby
fell
asleep
________
Mom
leave
the
room.
6．While
cloning
human
embryos
is
not
legal
in
many
countries,
some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
in
order
to
produce
a
cloned
human
baby.尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家还不合法，但一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。
句中的while引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，译作“尽管，虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。另外，as也可以引导让步状语从句，但需要倒装。
While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
us
beneficial
Vitamin
D．[2019·全国Ⅰ，七选五]
虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。
【词语辨析】
while
引导让步状语从句时多位于句首
although
/though
二者可互换，且都可以与yet,
still或nevertheless连用，但不与but连用。though引导让步状语从句可用倒装结构，而although不可以。
as
引导让步状语从句时通常用倒装语序，即把表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语为名词，则名词前不加冠词。
While
she
is
a
likeable
girl
she
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
work
with.她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘，但很难与她共事。
Though
she
gave
no
sign,
I
was
sure
she
had
seen
me.
尽管她没有示意，我还是确信她看见了我。
Try
as
he
might,
he
couldn't
open
the
door.
他想尽了办法也没能打开门。
[完成句子]
(1)尽管他是个孩子，但他认识很多汉字。
Child
________
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot
of
Chinese
characters.
(2)真是个大晴天，尽管有点冷。
It
is
a
sunny
day,
________
(it
is)
cold.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It
is
a
pity
that
what
the______________
(major)
of
people
care
about
is
how
they
can
be
paid
more.
2．I
am
the
first
one_____________
(hear)
the
news.
3．He
finally
made
______________
breakthrough
in
peace
talks
with
his
effort.
4．The
business
should________________
(conduct)
step
by
step.
5．His
success
was
a
long
history,
but
______________
(brief)
speaking,
he
succeeded
after
many
failures.
6．The
majority
who
attended
the
meeting
yesterday_________________
(be)
students.
7．Scientists
have
recently
confirmed______________it
is
possible
to
develop
a
malaria
vaccine(疟疾疫苗)．
8．The
bear
behaved
abnormally,
probably
because
of________________
(hungry)．
9．He
was
a
wonderful
father
to
both
his
natural
and____________________
(adopt)
children.
10．He
is
on
the
way
to
____________________
(become)
a
famous
writer.
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．Personally,
I
am
__________________________
(支持)
the
new
policy.
2．From
my
__________________________
(观点),
this
book
is
worth
reading
carefully.
3．He
might
__________________________
(累垮)
and
die
at
an
early
age.
4．Taking
a
trip,
you
should
________
weather
__________________
(认真考虑)．
5．The
government
intends
to
__________________________
(努力推进)
its
reform
programme.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
With
Dolly
the
sheep
cloned
1.________
(success)from
an
adult
cell,
some
other
animals
have
already
been
created.
Some
scientists
even
have
the
2.________
(intend)to
clone
humans
and
they
are
pushing
ahead
with
research
now,
3.________
it
is
not
legal
in
many
countries.
China
has
succeeded
4.________
producing
clones
of
cows
and
goats.
Just
5.________
the
saying
goes，“Every
coin
has
two
sides.”
On
the
one
hand,
cloning
can
produce
6.________
(value)
human
tissues
to
be
used
in
medical
7.________
(treat).
On
the
8.________
hand,
human
cloning
causes
much
anxiety.
Some
people
say
that
9.________
we
toy
with
nature，we
will
have
to
deal
with
the
10.________
(consequence)．
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
Recently,
we
1.________
(conduct)
a
survey
as
to
the
policy
of
being
coal?free.
The
2.________
(major)
of
students
are
3.________
favour
of
it.
They
think
it
is
necessary
4.________
(adopt)
some
serious
measures
to
stop
air
pollution.
Most
residents
in
the
countryside
use
a
great
amount
of
coal
in
the
winter.
As
5.________
consequence,
air
pollution
in
the
winter
is
particularly
serious.
They
hold
the
point
of
view
6.________
if
we
didn't
take
action
immediately,
there
7.________
(be)
no
chance
to
regret.
It
is
reported
that
the
first
city
8.________
(enforce)
the
policy
has
witnessed
a
great
improvement
in
air
quality.
In
my
opinion,
on
the
one
hand,
we
should
also
take
some
other
factors
into
9.________
(consider),
such
as
the
cost,
the
source
of
alternative
energy.
On
the
other
hand,
I
think
that
the
policy
won't
work
well
unless
10.________
(carry)
out
consistently.
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
Step
One：用本单元所学词汇和句式结构翻译句子。
1．科学家们已在遗传学方面取得突破。(breakthrough；genetics)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．他们已获得准确可靠的科学数据，这对人类是有益处的。(accurate；reliable)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．医师们希望在不久的将来人们能活得更长久更快乐。(physician)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．随着科学技术的发展，医疗将会更方便。(convenient)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．享受较高生活品质的人们将会过着更加健康快乐的生活。(enjoy
higher
quality
of
life)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Step
Two：把以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
必修⑤ Unit
3 Science
and
nature
基础回顾·自主排查
重点词汇积累
核心词汇
1．clone 2.conduct 3.confirm 4.hunger 5.harvest 6.transform
7．concept 8.ordinary 9.profit 10.favour
阅读词汇
1．医师；内科医生 2.突破 3.职业，行业 4.营养 5.极佳的，非常好的
拓展词汇
1．consideration consider considering considerate considerable 2.intention intend 3.adopt adoption 4.frighten fright frightened frightening 5.majority major major 6.conduct conduct 7.permission permit permit 8.judgement judge judge 9.crime criminal 10.original originally origin
高频短语
1．toy
with 2.push
ahead
with 3.be/get
burnt
out 4.take...into
consideration 5.in
favour
of 6.for
sale 7.make
sense 8.turn
out
9．对……进行评论 10.一方面……另一方面…… 11.效仿某人 12.同意；与……一致 13.成功做成某事 14.集中精力于；全神贯注于 15.观点 16.准备就绪，布置妥当
即学即用
1．reliable 2.majority 3.confirmed 4.actually 5.considered 6.exactly 7.frightened 8.conducted 9.origin 10.transformed 11.burnt
out 12.follow
in
your
footsteps 13.in
favour
of 14.taken
into
consideration 15.push
ahead
with
经典句型复现
1．Not
everything
that 2.Nowhere
is
this
truer
than 3.The
first
mammal
to
be
cloned 4.more
frightened
than
hurt 5.is
really
safe
for
humans
to
eat
即学即用
1．the
first
to
use 2.more
lucky
than
clever 3.Nowhere
is
better 4.Once are
easy
to
learn 5.don't
think get
a
better
job
核心考点·互动探究
第一版块：考纲高频单词
1．(1)adopting (2)adopted (3)①With
a
new
way
adopted
②Having
adopted
a
new
way (4)adopt (5)adapt
2．(1)Consequently (2)take/suffer/face
the
consequences
of (3)is
of
no
consequence (4)As
a
consequence/result
of或In
consequence
of
3．(1)transformation (2)into
4．(1)by
profession (2)professional
5．(1)were (2)has
been
destroyed (3)in
the/a
majority
(4)The
majority
of
them (5)①I'm
an
English
major
at
university.
②My
major
is
English
at
university. ③I
major
in
English
at
university.
6．(1)briefly (2)①To
be
brief/In
brief ②Briefly
speaking
7．(1)It (2)was
confirmed (3)confirmed
8．(1)favourable (2)in
favour
of (3)do
me
a
favour (4)whether
you
could
do
a
favour
for
me whether
I
could
ask
you
a
favour whether
I
could
ask
a
favour
of
you
9．(1)intend
her
to
see (2)no
intention
10．(1)by/from (2)a (3)profited
11．①staying
away ②to
stay
away
第二版块：重点短语和句式
1．(1)push
ahead
with (2)push aside (3)push
our
way
through
2．(1)It (2)has
been
kept (3)seeing
3．(1)It
was
considerate
of (2)to
be/as (3)①Taking
all
things
into
consideration ②With
all
things
taken
into
consideration
4．(1)brave wise (2)He
is
more
than
happy
at
the
good
news. (3)He
is
no
more
diligent
than
you. (4)He
is
less
diligent
than
clever.
5．(1)harder
than
any
other
student (2)It
is
the
most
moving
novel
that
I
have
ever
read (3)nobody
was
happier
than
I
was (4)Little
did
I (5)Hardly
had
he (6)Not
until did
6．(1)as/though (2)though/although
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．majority 2.to
hear 3.a 4.be
conducted 5.briefly 6.were 7.that 8.hunger 9.adopted 10.becoming
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1．in
favour
of 2.point
of
view 3.be/get
burnt
out 4.take into
consideration 5.push
ahead
with
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．successfully 2.intention 3.although/though 4.in 5.as 6.valuable 7.treatment 8.other 9.if 10.consequence
Ⅳ.知识主线串记
1．have
conducted 2.majority 3.in 4.to
adopt 5.a 6.that 7.would
be 8.to
enforce 9.consideration 10.carried
Ⅴ.单元话题与写作
1．Scientists
have
made
a
breakthrough
in
genetics.
2．They
have
gained
accurate
and
reliable
scientific
data,
which
are
beneficial
to
human
beings.
3．Physicians
hope
that
in
the
near
future
people
can
live
longer
and
happier.
4．With
the
development
of
science
and
technology，medical
treatment
will
be
more
convenient.
5．Human
beings，who
enjoy
higher
quality
of
life,
will
lead
a
healthier
and
happier
life.
[参考范文]
Scientists
have
made
a
breakthrough
in
genetics.
They
have
gained
accurate
and
reliable
scientific
data,
which
are
beneficial
to
human
beings.
Physicians
hope
that
in
the
near
future
people
can
live
longer
and
happier.
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
medical
treatment
will
be
more
convenient
and
human
beings,
who
enjoy
higher
quality
of
life,
will
lead
a
healthier
and
happier
life.
