牛津译林版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 Back to school词汇学案（无答案）
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学员编号： 年 级： 高一 第 次课 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 教师：
课 题 Unit 1 Back to school 课内词组句型的扩展辨析
授课时间： 月 日 午 ：00- ： 00 学生签名：
教学目标
reading ---extensive reading 课文结构分析；性转换；it 句型总结
重点、难点
课内词组句型的扩展辨析；从句子成分 分析定语从句
知识梳理
VII 语法填空 (每空1分，共10分) The Teacher –student Relationship
A good teacher-student relationship will make learning enjoyable and interesting for the students.
To set up a good teacher-student relationship, a teacher’s 1 (behave) is important. The teacher should motivate(激发) the students so that they want to learn. A good teacher should be 2 (patience), friendly and strict. However, being too friendly may cause students to become lazy and stop making progress. On 3 other hand, being too strict may frighten the students. So a teacher should avoid 4 (go) to extremes(极端) in treating his students. And teachers should encourage the students to think 5 .(independent) and learn to study by 6 (they).
As for the students, they must always respect their teachers, Students should be eager to learn as well as willing 7 (work) hard. It’s important to listen with attention in class and it’s more important to learn to raise questions and work out problems 8 new ways.
Above all, both students and teachers have to focus on 9 they should do most, which means that the students have to study hard and teacher shave to be responsible when teaching. Besides, students and teachers have to respect each other, which 10 (be) a necessary basis of setting up a good teacher-student relationship.
二、经典句型
1.it’s +名词+(for sb.)to do sth.句型
【原】①We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
②Now it is time to present your poster to the class.
【知识精讲】
①It＋be＋n.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.
形容词+for+名词或代词+动词不定式(形容词通常表示事物的性质)
②It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
形容词+of+名词或代词+动词不定式(形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征)
③“it’s time to do sth.”意为“是该做某事的时间了”。为了表达“是某人该做某事的时间了”可以用下列
句型：It’s time for sb. to do sth.或It’s(high)time that sb. did/should do sth.
请注意不要与下列句型相混淆：
It’s + the (one’s)+序数词+ time +to do sth.(或+that从句)表示某人第几次做某事。
It is my first time to write a letter in English.
It is my first time that I’ve even written a letter in English. 这是我第一次用英语写信。
【单句填空】
①How silly it was _______ you to give up such a good chance.
②It is necessary _______ you to finish the work before Friday.
③It is time that we _______(make)a decision on how to approach this problem.
④Stop fooling around, guys! It is time _______(get)down to doing your homework.
2.杰克是个善于夸夸其谈的人，该是他做点什么而不是仅仅说说而已的时候了。
①Jack is a great talker. It’s time _______ _______ _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
②Jack is a great talker. It’s time that _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
③Jack is a great talker. It’s time that _______ _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
【单句改错】
①How time flies! It’s time that we work harder.
②It is not uncommon that there to be problems of communication between the old and the young.
2.that is why...句型
【原句呈现】I am really fond of reading books, and that is why my favourite subject is Literature.
【知识精讲】
①why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……，这就是……的原因”。注意它和this/that is because…的区别，because后接的是原因，而why 后接的是结果；
There is no air and water on the moon. That’s why no creatures can live there.
No creatures can live on the moon. That’s because there is no air and water there.
②the reason that从句(或The reason for…)is why...的句型。
【单句填空】
①Our motherland is getting more and more powerful. This is _______ we can get protection whenever we run into danger abroad.
②From space, the earth looks blue. This is _______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
③The reason _______ he was late today is _______ he met with a traffic accident on the way here
5.广播说明天要下雨。这就是我们决定推迟运动会的原因。
①It is broadcast that it will rain tomorrow. ______ ______ ______ we have decided to put off the sports meet.
②We have decided to put off the sports meet. ______ ______ ______ it is broadcast that it will rain tomorrow.
3.not...until句型
【原句呈现】I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.
【知识精讲】
①“not...until”基本意义为“直到……才……”。“until”既是介词，又是连词，因而该结构可以用于简单句中，也可以引导一个复合句。
I didn’t receive your letter until yesterday.直到昨天我才收到你的来信。
I didn’t know his name until he told me.直到他告诉我，我才知道他的名字。
②Not until…＋主句(用倒装句)
Not until all the crops died in the field did he realize that he had done something wrong to them.
直到地里所有的庄稼都死了，他才意识到他做了错事。
③It is/was not until…that…(强调句型)
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
直到快接近信的末尾，她才提到了她自己的计划。
【单句填空】
①Not until recently _______ they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
②It was not until the catastrophe?happened _______ the local government realized the importance of substantial development.
4.直到你保证再也不用球踢我的猫，我才把球还给你。
①You _______ have this football back _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again.
②It is _______ _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again _______ you can have this football back.
③_______ _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again _______ you have this football back.
4.Upon/On doing或Upon/On＋名词的结构
【原句呈现】Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
【知识精讲】
①upon/on doing或upon/on＋名词：一……就……；
②表示“一……就……”的表达法还有：
as soon as/once引导的时间状语从句(as soon as强调时间的紧接，而once带有条件的意味)
No sooner had＋主语＋过去分词…＋than＋主语＋动词的一般过去时
(主语＋no sooner＋had＋过去分词…＋than＋主语＋动词的一般过去时)
Hardly/Scarcely/＋had＋主语＋过去分词…＋when/before＋主语＋动词的一般过去时
(主语＋hardly/scarcely＋had＋过去分词…＋when/before＋主语＋动词的一般过去时)
the moment/instant/minute/second等名词+句子
instantly/immediately/directly等副词+句子
【单句填空】
①_______ reaching the zoo, the excited children can’t wait to see the animals.
②He had no sooner finished his speech _______ the students started cheering.
③I had hardly got to the office _______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
1.一到学校，他看见父母在学校门口等他。
①_______ _______ the school, he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
②_______ _______ he reached the school _______ he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
③_______ _______ ______ he reached the school ______ he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
④_______ _______ _______ he reached the school, he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
5.so...that...句型
【原句呈现】I was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
【知识精讲】
①so/such ...that ...都用来引导结果状语从句：在该结构中是用“so”还是用“such”要看被修饰的成分而定：
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋n.＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(不可数名词/可数名词复数)＋that...
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...=so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
so/such连同被其修饰的成分置于句首时，句子要用倒装句
【单句填空】
①No difficulty could defeat?this brave man since he is _______ much confident and capable.
②So sudden _______ the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
③With _______?many?things?to?be?worried?about,?he?couldn’t?focus?his?attention?on?study.?
④The Great Wall is _______?a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
⑤It is _______?difficult a problem that none of us can work it out.
3.他是那样的粗心(一个人)，以至于你无论和他说什么，他都是一只耳朵进，另一只耳朵出。
①He is _______ _______ _______ whatever you say to him goes in at one ear and out at the other.
②He is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______whatever you say to him goes in at one ear and out at the other.
contribution n. 贡献，捐款，捐赠，稿件
课文原句： Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make much of a contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English.
课堂讨论在英国很重要，但我做不了多少贡献，因为有时候我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法。
常用搭配：make a contribution to/make contributions to 为…做贡献，为…捐款
例句：Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital rebuilding fund?
联想词： contribute vi & vt. 捐献，捐赠；（给报纸，杂志）撰稿，投稿vi.促成
contributor n. 投稿人，捐款人，促成者
重点词汇-4. average
【原句呈现】This is about the average size for British schools.
【知识精讲】
①average名词：平均，平均数； average形容词：一般的，普通的，平常的；平均的；
②相关短语：an average of平均有(后跟数词) on(the)average平均
above/below(the)average在平均水平以上/以下
③相似词义的词：
common“常见的，不足为奇的”，强调事物的共同性。另外，它还有“公共的，共同的”之意；
general“普遍的，一般的”，表示涉及各方面，强调整体性而非个别和例外，该词的反义词为particular；normal“ 正常的，通常的，普通的”，指事物是本来该有的样子或你所期待的样子；
ordinary指“平常的，普通的”，强调“平淡无奇的”。
【单句填空】
①It takes an _________ of two weeks to finish a task like this.
②The amount of rain this year has been _________ average. As a result, there is a serious drought.
③_________ average, there are 50,000 visitors to the exhibition every day.
④He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects.
⑤A cloned child may live a shorter life even if it appears to be healthy and _________.
⑥In many countries, it is a __________ practice to offer guests tea or coffee.
⑦__________ people can own guns in America, but that is not the case in China.
⑧They have a __________ body weight but see themselves as being fat.
重点词汇-5. struggle
【原句】We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
【知识精讲】
①struggle抽象名词具体化，意为：一件难事。 struggle动词：奋斗，努力，挣扎；
②相关短语：struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事 struggle for为……而斗争
struggle with/against与……作斗争，同……搏斗 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
【单句填空】
①Although it had been _______ struggle for him to finish the experiment, he enjoyed the result with satisfaction.
②__________(struggle)with depression, eating disorders and alcohol abuse for years, he now understands how important being healthy is.
重点词汇-6. inform
【原句呈现】...and we also give messages to inform the parents of events such as outings and school plays.
【知识精讲】
①inform的名词形式：information通知，情报，消息，信息，是不可数名词；
②相关短语：
inform sb. that...通告/告知某人…… inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事
keep sb. informed of sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事
“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语：
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
【单句填空】
①People all over the world are kept ________(inform) of what is happening immediately by means of the Internet.
②I have some ________(inform)about the astronauts which is helpful to you.
重点词汇-7. somehow
【原句呈现】However, somehow I can’t remember the title.
【知识精讲】
somehow与anyhow, somewhat意义上的区别：
somehow adv.不知为什么，不知怎么地，以某种方式，用某种方法
anyhow adv.(=anyway)无论如何 somewhat adv.稍微，有点
【单句填空】
①It may rain, but I shall go out _______.
②It’s true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer. _______, they don’t like to take the new one.
③The phrase “Made in China” has become _______ the same meaning for getting what you need on the cheap.
重点词汇-8. charge
【原句呈现】He approved the idea, and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member.
【知识精讲】
①charge的多重意思：索价，要价，免费，充电等等；
②chargeable可以控诉的，可记在某项账目上的，收费的，可充电的。
③相关短语：
charge sb. (money) for sth.为某事收取某人费用
charge sb. with sth./accuse sb. of sth.指控某人犯……罪
take charge of负责，接管 in charge(of)负责，掌管(主动意义)
in/under the charge of由……负责(被动意义)
free of charge免费/分文不取 本单元还有一个表示“免费，无偿地”的介词短语for free
I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free.(P3)
【单句填空】
①All?things?in?the?room?are?__________(charge).?
②He?is?__________(charge)with?a?fault?or?neglect.
④—What do you know made Sarah so upset?
—?__________(charge)with giving away state secrets.
⑤— How much did he charge you _______ the service?
— Luckily, it’s free _______ charge.
12.The agent was _______ with carrying a false passport.
A. arrested B. accused C. charged D. suspected
重点词汇-9. look back on
【原句】I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction, and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.
【知识精讲】
Look back on=recall回顾，回忆
动词短语：look ahead展望/放眼未来，规划未来，向前看 look about/around环顾四周，到处看
look down on /upon看不起，瞧不起 look for寻找，期待
look forward to 期待，盼望
look into调查，了解，向……里面看 look like看起来像，好像要
look on袖手旁观，看作 look out当心，(of)向(……的)外面看
look over审阅，翻阅，打量，检查 look through翻阅，浏览
look up查阅，查找，抬头 look up to尊重，尊敬
The day we had been looking forward to came at last. 我们一直期待的那一天终于到来了。
例句： It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of two missing children. 据报道，警察将尽快调查这起两个儿童失踪的案子。
【单句填空】
②The old man was weak after the accident; so he must be looked _______ carefully by us.
③—Look _______ that beautiful sky!
—It looks _______ it would be a wonderful day.
④I always look _______ those who never look _______ others, even though they have achieved great achievements.
⑤When I look _______ my teaching career, I am always delighted to think of those beautiful days I spent with my students.
⑥You are looking _______ trouble.
⑦The people in Syria have been looking _______ the day when the conflict will end.
⑧Look _______ this word in the dictionary.
重点词汇-10. make use of
【原句呈现】With so much free time, students who do not make good use of their time my not pass their exams.
【知识精讲】
①make use of是由“动词＋名词＋介词”构成的动词短语，这类短语的考查重点是用名词作先行词，
用于定语从句：The use we make of our time is not proper.
②make use of用在被动句型中，要特别注意分析句子结构：
Every minute should be made use of to study hard.
③动词短语和句型：make full/good use of充分利用 make the best/most of充分利用
take(full)advantage of(充分)利用
put...to use加以/投入使用 come into use开始被使用
be of great use很有用
It is no use doing ...做……是没用的
【单句填空】
①You?had?better?make?the _______??of?your?intelligence?to?serve?the?people.?
②Parents should actively urge their children to take _______?of?the opportunity to join sports teams.
③Tom studied very hard, and he wanted make good _______ of to his chance to Learn.
拓展：advantage n. 好处，有利条件
at an advantage 有优势，处于有利地位
have an advantage over 胜过，占上风
turn sth to your advantage 使某事转化为有利条件
例句：Graduates with a good command of English and computer skills tent to be at an advantage when applying for jobs. 精通英语和计算机技术的大学毕业生在求职时往往处于优势。
② disadvantage n. 缺点，不利条件
to one’s disadvantage / to the disadvantage of sb. 对某事不利
equal
① adj. (大小，数量，价值等)相同的，相等的；平等的；（力气，勇气，能力等）相当的，能胜任的
Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯，有用的技能和积极的态度。
常用搭配： be equal to sth. 能胜任某事，能应付难题（任务等）
I hope that he is equal to the challenge. 我希望他能应付这一挑战。
② n. 同等的人（物）
be without equal/ have no equal 无与伦比的
③ vt.与…….相等；等于；比得上
When it comes to bragging, no one could equal him.要说吹牛，没人能比得上他。
联想词 1. equality n.相等；平等
equally adv. 相等的；同样的；平等的
balance
①. vt.同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性
Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.仔细规划你们的学习，设定明确的目标，平衡学业和其他活动。
联想词：balanced adj. 保持平衡的，均衡的
What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet? 如果没有均衡的饮食，你将会怎样？
② n. 【U】均衡，平衡，平衡能力 【C】天平，秤
常用搭配： a sense of balance 平衡感
out of balance 失去平衡
keep / lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
responsible adj. 有责任的，负责，可靠的
课文原句： Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for realizing your great potential.
高中可以帮助你们学习和成长，但只有你们自己负责充分发挥自己的潜能。
常用搭配：be responsible for…对…负责；是…的原因；
例句：Heavy rain was responsible for the shortage of vegetables. 大雨是蔬菜短缺的原因。
联想词：responsibility n. 责任，职责，负责
have responsibility for (doing) sth. 有（做）某事的责任
take responsibility for (doing) sth. 承担（做）某事的责任
ahead adv. (时间，空间)向前，提前，预先，领先
课文原句： I’ve been told that schoolwork will present more of a challenge in the years ahead, and that he teachers will hold us to higher standards.
我被告知在接下里的几年中学业会更加具有挑战性，而且老师们会使我们达到更高的水平。
常用搭配：ahead of time = in advance 提前
ahead of schedule 提前
go ahead 可以；干吧
例句：Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 没有你的帮助，我不可能提前完成这项工作。
independent adj. 自主的，有主见的
课文原句： In fact, I’m looking forward to being more independent and responsible for my own learning. 事实上，我盼望着变得更加独立，对我自己的学习更加负责。
反义词：dependent adj. 依赖的，依靠的
联想词：independently adv. 独立地； independence n. 独立，自主
dependence n. 依靠，依赖 depend vi. 依靠，依赖
depend on/ upon 依靠，依赖，由…决定，取决于
例句： Do you depend on the ocean for your livelihood? 你依靠海洋谋生吗？
12.Tom is so __________(independence)that he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
focus n. 焦点，重点，中心点
课文原句： Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标会让你的生活有重点。
例句： Our main focus is on helping people get back into work. 我们关注的重点是帮助人们再就业。
vt. & vi. (把…)集中于；调节（…的）焦距；使聚焦
常用搭配： focus on 集中（注意力，精力等）于
focus one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到某事上
近义短语：center on （注意力）集中到（=be centred on）
concentrate …on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
fix one’s attention /eyes/ mind on 把注意力/ 双眼/ 思想集中于…上（常用语被动语态）
detail n. 细节，具体情况，详情
课文原句： To realize your goals, you need to have a good plan, manage your time well and pay attention to details. 为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节。
常用搭配： in detail 详细地（放在句末做状语） go into detail(s) 详细叙述
as a result of 由于
课文原句：As a result of your action, your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life. 有了你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活。
特别注意： as a result “结果，因此”，单独做状语
例句： As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. 结果，人类形成了至今仍存在的一系列的性格类型。
拓展：result in+ 结果，导致，造成
result from + 原因（由…而）造成
例句： The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.
We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the past.
base vt. 以…为基础（依据）
n. 根据，基础，基地，总部，大本营，底部
课文原句： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于你的能力和技巧来定目标。
常用搭配：be based on / upon 以…为根据/ 基础
例句： Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. = Based on emotion rather than on reason, your important decision will make you regretful sooner or later. 把重要的决定建立在情感之上，而不是理性之上，你早晚要后悔的。
联想词：basic adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的
basically adv. 基本的，从跟本上说
basis n. 基础 （pl.） bases
remind vt.提醒, 使想起
课文原句： This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会让你想到你再为什么而努力并且让你精力集中。
常见用法： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，是某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句： The pictures will remind me of the days when we were in our hometown.
aim n. 目的，目标，瞄准
课文原句： Club aim: To improve short story writing skills. 俱乐部目的：提高短篇故事的写作技巧。
常用搭配： take aim at 瞄准，批评； with the aim of…目的是。
② vi. & vt. 力争做到，目的是，针对，瞄准
常用搭配： aim to do sth. 力争做到某事
aim at 瞄准，目的在于，针对
be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事
例句： In a word, the programmer aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society.
总之，这个计划的目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。
This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking.
exchange n. 交换，交流，兑换
课文原句： Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习。
常用搭配：in exchange for…
例句： It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.
公务人员为某些人提供便利以换取礼品或金钱的行为是非法的。
19.The technical cooperation and cultural _______ between the two countries are daily on the increase.
A. expenses B. exchanges C. exception D. extension
② vt. 交换，交流，兑换
常见搭配： exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
exchange A for B 用A换B
例句： If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 如果课程不能让您十分满意，您可以轻松将其换成我们提供的其他任何课程。
alarm n. 闹钟，恐慌，警报，警报器
课文原句： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！
常用搭配： raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报
a fire/ smoke alarm 防火/ 烟雾警报器 an alarm clock 闹钟 an alarm system 警报系统
例句： I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开，我惊慌地转过头看。
② vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
例句：This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me. 这是英特网一个不利的方面， 使我有些不安。
联想词： alarmed adj. 担忧的，恐慌的
be alarmed by/ at sth. 因某事而恐慌
be alarmed to do sth. 做某事而感到恐慌
例句： I was alarmed to see the men were carrying guns. 看到那些人带着枪我感到很恐慌。
② alarming adj. 令人担忧的，令人恐慌的
例句：As we all know, with the development of science and technology, the earth’s resources are running out at an alarming rate, so we should make good use of them.
II 拔尖词汇
accomplish v. 完成
I want to thank all my team members who helped me a lot to accomplish the great milestone.
我想感谢所有大力帮助我实现这一伟大里程碑的队员们。
complain v抱怨
Some students complain about the length of the school day, and feel under a great deal of stress. 一些学生抱怨在校时间过长，而且感到压力很大。
desire n. 愿望，欲望
Our students come from different background but have the same desire to learn online. 虽然我们的学会来自不同的背景，但他们上网学习的欲望是相同的。
delightful adj. 令人愉快的
Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. 太空旅行会令人很愉快，但与此同时又暗藏危险。
be determined to do sth. 下定决心做
China is determined to accomplish the goal of building a well-off society in all aspects. 中国下定决心要实现全面建成小康社会的目标。
三、典型题精讲 单项选择(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项)
1.If you come to visit China, you will _______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.
A. develop B. create C. substitute D. experience
2.Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and?_______?them.
A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove
3.Although knocked down by a car, he managed to _______ to his feet.
A. stand B. rise C. run D. struggle
4.They only _______ me half price for the fashionable skirt.
A. earned B. charged C. exchanged D. donated
6.Backward _______ technologically as we are for the moment, we have confidence in our ability to catch up in time.
A. somehow B. anyhow C. somewhat D. somewhere
7.The most unbelievable thing is that Wikileaks has _______ got hold of some
A. simply B. sincerely C. somehow D. somewhat
8.You’d better cut your hair short. Our school doesn’t _______ long hair.
A. approve of students wear B. approve of students wearing
C. approve of students to wear D. approve of students wore
9.An expert says, “I think it is unpredictable for nature. You don’t know what will happen but _______, we are preparing.”
A. somehow B. somewhat C. anyhow D. someway
10.The manager promised to keep us _______ of how our business was going on.
A. informed B. informing C. to inform D. having informed
11.Young as he is, he _______ every minute to reading the English newspaper.
A. spends B. takes C. devotes D. picks
13.Shortly after the earthquake, many people hurried to the hospital to _______ their blood.
A. donate B. share C. exchange D. promote
14.The development of technology and many people’s burning need make to clone or not to clone a human being no long an _______ question but a real problem many governments face.
A. unfair B. important C. academic D. average
16.Just _______?the past 100 years and you’ll discover that a mistake can sometimes be a good thing.
A. look up to B. look forward to C. look back on D. look down upon
17.No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for _______ workers to??master those high-technology skills easily.
A. usual B. average C. normal D. general
20.I’m lucky to have got two tickets _______. Are you _______ to go to the concert with me?
A. freely, free B. for free, freely C. freely, for free D. for free, free
21.Life is full of _______. School is thought as the most _______ obstacle in the lives of youth today.
A. challenge, challenging B. challenges, challenged
C. challenges, challenging D. challenging, challenges
22.I suggest you take Jack to Italy with you, for he speaks _______ Italian.
A. frequent B. firm C. fluent D. fluently
二、词性转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)
1.However fierce the competition is, there is a good chance that our team will win so long as we have made full __________(prepare).
2.After?__________(graduate), he volunteered to teach in a school in the west of China.
3.Australia, Canada and the United States have declined to give their ___________(approve)to the final report.
4.Meanwhile, in this course, he will give you more better resource, can help you to finish the task more?
__________(splendid).
5.We have a wide __________(select)of sweaters that will appeal to all ages.
6.If we turned a blind eye to the situation where our children are burdened with too much __________(academy) pressure, we would pay a heavy price in the future.
7.The reason why he resigned his post was that there was a more attractive and?__________(challenge)job for him.
8.I deeply appreciate your __________(kind)in coming so?far?to?meet?me.??
9.—Your colleague is speaking English with?__________(fluent).
—It’s no wonder. She worked in the UK for a year as a visiting professor.
11.China?__________(recent)tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing
boats from being attacked in the South China Sea.
13.I’d advise anyone to put aside?a proportion of their?__________(earn)—a penny saved is a penny.
15.I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation?to those who are always giving me timely help and
__________(encourage)when I am in trouble.
16.In other words, whether you’re seeking life?long __________ or a few moments of good cheer, you've got to
move forward. Finally, a __________ result will come to you and make you __________.(satisfy)
17.With the new requirements for reading put forward, pupils should be able to read with a large degree of __________(depend).
19.We should train our students to speak English?__________(fluent)and accurately.
20.It is believed that travelling to Yaan in October is an __________(enjoy)experience.
课后练习 VIII 翻译 (每空2分，共30分)
1. 她想尽力提高自己的成绩。（effort）
_______________________________________ her grades.
2. 是我而不是你对这起事故负有责任。（responsible）
It is I rather than you who_______________________________________.
3. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆.（Confucius）
4. 地板上是一摞摞的书，杂志和报纸。（倒装,pile）
On the floor _________________________________________________.
5.飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难。(kill 的非谓语动词形式)
6. 正如老子睿智所言：“千里之行，始于足下。”(Lao-Tzu, as 引导定语从句)
7. 好的学习习惯、有用的技能、积极的态度同等重要。（倒装结构）
8. 对于年幼的孩子来说，独自穿过熙熙攘攘的街道很危险。（It is + 形容词 for sb. + to do sth.）
9. 在他的帮助之下，我感到说英语不像我以前认为的那样苦难了。（as…as）
10. 尽管身体状况不好，她仍然继续她的工作。（although引导让步状语从句）
11. 渐渐地越来越多的人意识到保护野生动物的重要性（over time）
12. 我提出粉刷厨房，条件是之后让我休息两天。(exchange)
13. 演讲太乏味了，以至于我不能把注意力一直集中于此。（so…that引导结果状语从句）
14. 如果你批准我们的提议，我们会很开心。
15. 应鼓励孩子们成为独立思考者。
IV. 完形填空(每空1分，共15分)
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary and advised me to use it. I was 1 to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual(单语的) dictionary. Although it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely 2 to use at first. I would 3 words in the dictionary but still could not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 4 English-Chinese dictionaries, in which the words are 5 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt gave me such 6 to make things so difficult for me. Now, I understand that monolingual dictionaries are 7 in learning a foreign language.
As I 8 , there is, in fact, often no perfect equivalent(对应物) between two 9 in two languages. My aunt even 10 that even a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 11 meaning of the word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better 12 of its meaning. Gradually, I have come to see what she 13 .
Using a monolingual dictionary has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) 14 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 15 exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. Because of this, I can express myself more easily in English.
1 .A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous
2. A. difficult B. interesting C. important D. practical
3. A. look over B. look up C. take down D. take up
4. A. new B. familiar C. informed D. confusing
5. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created
6. A. appreciation B. courage C. advice D. power
7. A. more natural B. better C. more convenient D. easier
8. A. checked out B. broke down C. found out D. turned up
9. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters
10. A. hoped B. declared C. complained D. dreamt
11. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected
12. A. understanding B. practice C. expression D. consideration
13. A. wanted B. preferred C. meant D. suffered
14. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited
15. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously
I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填空. (每空1分，共15分)
1. All children should be encouraged to realize their full ___________________(潜力).
2. The Internet enables us to a_________________ knowledge and skills quickly and easily.
3. The competition is open to both teams and i_______________________.
4. We should make full use of the limited natural r_________________ instead of wasting them.
5. Beijing will be the h__________________ city for the next Winter Olympic Games
6. The audience hurried to the exit in panic when the a_________________ sounded.
8. HE made a very positive c_________________ to the success of the project.
9. The forum promote an open _________________(交流) of ideas and information
10. You should at least give him the o___________________ to explain what happened.
11. I’m afraid I can’t deal with such a ___________________(艰难的) situation.
12.They think that the result is of only __________________(次要的) importance while experience is what matters.
13. What first _________________(吸引) me to her was her sense of humor.
14. Great a _____________________ in English have been made due to their diligence.
15. Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make great _________________ (贡献) because sometimes I wasn’t express myself clearly in English.
II.词组填空 (每空1分，共10分)
make the most of, last but not the least, be responsible for, rise to, (be) based on,
stick to, focus on, as a result of, over time, put together
Who knows! I can? ?anything right now. Thanks to you!
Opportunity knocks but once, so we must? ?it.
He made up his mind to ?the challenge.
This toy can be taken apart and? ?with ease.
?your principles, and you will win through.
He lost his job? ?the argument.
, no littering is allowed.
The study ?data from 2,100 women.
Table manners change? . They follow the fashion the day.
You should? ?all the results.
III. 单句语法填空(每空1分，共10分)
1. It is important for me to be financially independent _________________ my parents.
2. As soon as I got home, I couldn’t wait ________________(turn) on the TV to watch the finals.
3. The boy really doesn’t know _____________ his parents’ life was like when they were his age.
4. Baker will be the only __________________(win) the medal in a row.
5. Never lose heart, Jenny. You should have more confidence ________________ yourself.
6. In the weeks ahead, the manager __________________ (attend) as many as ten meetings.
7. ______________ (realize) his dream of entering a key university, Jack works harder than ever.
8. American English is different ___________________ British English in some aspects.
9. Your encouragement makes me more _______________(confidence) of the coming interview.
10. He has a strong sense of _____________________(responsible) and is respected by us all.
五、教师评定： 1、 学生上次作业评价： ○ 好 ○ 较好 ○ 一般 ○ 差
2、 学生本次上课情况评价： ○ 好 ○ 较好 ○ 一般 ○ 差
教师签字：
教务审核
课 题 Unit 1 Back to school 课内词组句型的扩展辨析
授课时间： 月 日 午 ：00- ： 00 学生签名：
教学目标
reading ---extensive reading 课文结构分析；性转换；it 句型总结
重点、难点
课内词组句型的扩展辨析；从句子成分 分析定语从句
知识梳理
VII 语法填空 (每空1分，共10分) The Teacher –student Relationship
A good teacher-student relationship will make learning enjoyable and interesting for the students.
To set up a good teacher-student relationship, a teacher’s 1 (behave) is important. The teacher should motivate(激发) the students so that they want to learn. A good teacher should be 2 (patience), friendly and strict. However, being too friendly may cause students to become lazy and stop making progress. On 3 other hand, being too strict may frighten the students. So a teacher should avoid 4 (go) to extremes(极端) in treating his students. And teachers should encourage the students to think 5 .(independent) and learn to study by 6 (they).
As for the students, they must always respect their teachers, Students should be eager to learn as well as willing 7 (work) hard. It’s important to listen with attention in class and it’s more important to learn to raise questions and work out problems 8 new ways.
Above all, both students and teachers have to focus on 9 they should do most, which means that the students have to study hard and teacher shave to be responsible when teaching. Besides, students and teachers have to respect each other, which 10 (be) a necessary basis of setting up a good teacher-student relationship.
二、经典句型
1.it’s +名词+(for sb.)to do sth.句型
【原】①We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
②Now it is time to present your poster to the class.
【知识精讲】
①It＋be＋n.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.
形容词+for+名词或代词+动词不定式(形容词通常表示事物的性质)
②It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
形容词+of+名词或代词+动词不定式(形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征)
③“it’s time to do sth.”意为“是该做某事的时间了”。为了表达“是某人该做某事的时间了”可以用下列
句型：It’s time for sb. to do sth.或It’s(high)time that sb. did/should do sth.
请注意不要与下列句型相混淆：
It’s + the (one’s)+序数词+ time +to do sth.(或+that从句)表示某人第几次做某事。
It is my first time to write a letter in English.
It is my first time that I’ve even written a letter in English. 这是我第一次用英语写信。
【单句填空】
①How silly it was _______ you to give up such a good chance.
②It is necessary _______ you to finish the work before Friday.
③It is time that we _______(make)a decision on how to approach this problem.
④Stop fooling around, guys! It is time _______(get)down to doing your homework.
2.杰克是个善于夸夸其谈的人，该是他做点什么而不是仅仅说说而已的时候了。
①Jack is a great talker. It’s time _______ _______ _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
②Jack is a great talker. It’s time that _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
③Jack is a great talker. It’s time that _______ _______ _______ something instead of just talking.
【单句改错】
①How time flies! It’s time that we work harder.
②It is not uncommon that there to be problems of communication between the old and the young.
2.that is why...句型
【原句呈现】I am really fond of reading books, and that is why my favourite subject is Literature.
【知识精讲】
①why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……，这就是……的原因”。注意它和this/that is because…的区别，because后接的是原因，而why 后接的是结果；
There is no air and water on the moon. That’s why no creatures can live there.
No creatures can live on the moon. That’s because there is no air and water there.
②the reason that从句(或The reason for…)is why...的句型。
【单句填空】
①Our motherland is getting more and more powerful. This is _______ we can get protection whenever we run into danger abroad.
②From space, the earth looks blue. This is _______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
③The reason _______ he was late today is _______ he met with a traffic accident on the way here
5.广播说明天要下雨。这就是我们决定推迟运动会的原因。
①It is broadcast that it will rain tomorrow. ______ ______ ______ we have decided to put off the sports meet.
②We have decided to put off the sports meet. ______ ______ ______ it is broadcast that it will rain tomorrow.
3.not...until句型
【原句呈现】I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.
【知识精讲】
①“not...until”基本意义为“直到……才……”。“until”既是介词，又是连词，因而该结构可以用于简单句中，也可以引导一个复合句。
I didn’t receive your letter until yesterday.直到昨天我才收到你的来信。
I didn’t know his name until he told me.直到他告诉我，我才知道他的名字。
②Not until…＋主句(用倒装句)
Not until all the crops died in the field did he realize that he had done something wrong to them.
直到地里所有的庄稼都死了，他才意识到他做了错事。
③It is/was not until…that…(强调句型)
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
直到快接近信的末尾，她才提到了她自己的计划。
【单句填空】
①Not until recently _______ they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
②It was not until the catastrophe?happened _______ the local government realized the importance of substantial development.
4.直到你保证再也不用球踢我的猫，我才把球还给你。
①You _______ have this football back _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again.
②It is _______ _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again _______ you can have this football back.
③_______ _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again _______ you have this football back.
4.Upon/On doing或Upon/On＋名词的结构
【原句呈现】Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
【知识精讲】
①upon/on doing或upon/on＋名词：一……就……；
②表示“一……就……”的表达法还有：
as soon as/once引导的时间状语从句(as soon as强调时间的紧接，而once带有条件的意味)
No sooner had＋主语＋过去分词…＋than＋主语＋动词的一般过去时
(主语＋no sooner＋had＋过去分词…＋than＋主语＋动词的一般过去时)
Hardly/Scarcely/＋had＋主语＋过去分词…＋when/before＋主语＋动词的一般过去时
(主语＋hardly/scarcely＋had＋过去分词…＋when/before＋主语＋动词的一般过去时)
the moment/instant/minute/second等名词+句子
instantly/immediately/directly等副词+句子
【单句填空】
①_______ reaching the zoo, the excited children can’t wait to see the animals.
②He had no sooner finished his speech _______ the students started cheering.
③I had hardly got to the office _______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
1.一到学校，他看见父母在学校门口等他。
①_______ _______ the school, he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
②_______ _______ he reached the school _______ he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
③_______ _______ ______ he reached the school ______ he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
④_______ _______ _______ he reached the school, he saw his parents waiting for him at the school gate.
5.so...that...句型
【原句呈现】I was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
【知识精讲】
①so/such ...that ...都用来引导结果状语从句：在该结构中是用“so”还是用“such”要看被修饰的成分而定：
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋n.＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(不可数名词/可数名词复数)＋that...
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...=so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
so/such连同被其修饰的成分置于句首时，句子要用倒装句
【单句填空】
①No difficulty could defeat?this brave man since he is _______ much confident and capable.
②So sudden _______ the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
③With _______?many?things?to?be?worried?about,?he?couldn’t?focus?his?attention?on?study.?
④The Great Wall is _______?a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
⑤It is _______?difficult a problem that none of us can work it out.
3.他是那样的粗心(一个人)，以至于你无论和他说什么，他都是一只耳朵进，另一只耳朵出。
①He is _______ _______ _______ whatever you say to him goes in at one ear and out at the other.
②He is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______whatever you say to him goes in at one ear and out at the other.
contribution n. 贡献，捐款，捐赠，稿件
课文原句： Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make much of a contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English.
课堂讨论在英国很重要，但我做不了多少贡献，因为有时候我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法。
常用搭配：make a contribution to/make contributions to 为…做贡献，为…捐款
例句：Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital rebuilding fund?
联想词： contribute vi & vt. 捐献，捐赠；（给报纸，杂志）撰稿，投稿vi.促成
contributor n. 投稿人，捐款人，促成者
重点词汇-4. average
【原句呈现】This is about the average size for British schools.
【知识精讲】
①average名词：平均，平均数； average形容词：一般的，普通的，平常的；平均的；
②相关短语：an average of平均有(后跟数词) on(the)average平均
above/below(the)average在平均水平以上/以下
③相似词义的词：
common“常见的，不足为奇的”，强调事物的共同性。另外，它还有“公共的，共同的”之意；
general“普遍的，一般的”，表示涉及各方面，强调整体性而非个别和例外，该词的反义词为particular；normal“ 正常的，通常的，普通的”，指事物是本来该有的样子或你所期待的样子；
ordinary指“平常的，普通的”，强调“平淡无奇的”。
【单句填空】
①It takes an _________ of two weeks to finish a task like this.
②The amount of rain this year has been _________ average. As a result, there is a serious drought.
③_________ average, there are 50,000 visitors to the exhibition every day.
④He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects.
⑤A cloned child may live a shorter life even if it appears to be healthy and _________.
⑥In many countries, it is a __________ practice to offer guests tea or coffee.
⑦__________ people can own guns in America, but that is not the case in China.
⑧They have a __________ body weight but see themselves as being fat.
重点词汇-5. struggle
【原句】We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
【知识精讲】
①struggle抽象名词具体化，意为：一件难事。 struggle动词：奋斗，努力，挣扎；
②相关短语：struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事 struggle for为……而斗争
struggle with/against与……作斗争，同……搏斗 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
【单句填空】
①Although it had been _______ struggle for him to finish the experiment, he enjoyed the result with satisfaction.
②__________(struggle)with depression, eating disorders and alcohol abuse for years, he now understands how important being healthy is.
重点词汇-6. inform
【原句呈现】...and we also give messages to inform the parents of events such as outings and school plays.
【知识精讲】
①inform的名词形式：information通知，情报，消息，信息，是不可数名词；
②相关短语：
inform sb. that...通告/告知某人…… inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事
keep sb. informed of sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事
“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语：
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
【单句填空】
①People all over the world are kept ________(inform) of what is happening immediately by means of the Internet.
②I have some ________(inform)about the astronauts which is helpful to you.
重点词汇-7. somehow
【原句呈现】However, somehow I can’t remember the title.
【知识精讲】
somehow与anyhow, somewhat意义上的区别：
somehow adv.不知为什么，不知怎么地，以某种方式，用某种方法
anyhow adv.(=anyway)无论如何 somewhat adv.稍微，有点
【单句填空】
①It may rain, but I shall go out _______.
②It’s true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer. _______, they don’t like to take the new one.
③The phrase “Made in China” has become _______ the same meaning for getting what you need on the cheap.
重点词汇-8. charge
【原句呈现】He approved the idea, and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member.
【知识精讲】
①charge的多重意思：索价，要价，免费，充电等等；
②chargeable可以控诉的，可记在某项账目上的，收费的，可充电的。
③相关短语：
charge sb. (money) for sth.为某事收取某人费用
charge sb. with sth./accuse sb. of sth.指控某人犯……罪
take charge of负责，接管 in charge(of)负责，掌管(主动意义)
in/under the charge of由……负责(被动意义)
free of charge免费/分文不取 本单元还有一个表示“免费，无偿地”的介词短语for free
I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free.(P3)
【单句填空】
①All?things?in?the?room?are?__________(charge).?
②He?is?__________(charge)with?a?fault?or?neglect.
④—What do you know made Sarah so upset?
—?__________(charge)with giving away state secrets.
⑤— How much did he charge you _______ the service?
— Luckily, it’s free _______ charge.
12.The agent was _______ with carrying a false passport.
A. arrested B. accused C. charged D. suspected
重点词汇-9. look back on
【原句】I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction, and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.
【知识精讲】
Look back on=recall回顾，回忆
动词短语：look ahead展望/放眼未来，规划未来，向前看 look about/around环顾四周，到处看
look down on /upon看不起，瞧不起 look for寻找，期待
look forward to 期待，盼望
look into调查，了解，向……里面看 look like看起来像，好像要
look on袖手旁观，看作 look out当心，(of)向(……的)外面看
look over审阅，翻阅，打量，检查 look through翻阅，浏览
look up查阅，查找，抬头 look up to尊重，尊敬
The day we had been looking forward to came at last. 我们一直期待的那一天终于到来了。
例句： It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of two missing children. 据报道，警察将尽快调查这起两个儿童失踪的案子。
【单句填空】
②The old man was weak after the accident; so he must be looked _______ carefully by us.
③—Look _______ that beautiful sky!
—It looks _______ it would be a wonderful day.
④I always look _______ those who never look _______ others, even though they have achieved great achievements.
⑤When I look _______ my teaching career, I am always delighted to think of those beautiful days I spent with my students.
⑥You are looking _______ trouble.
⑦The people in Syria have been looking _______ the day when the conflict will end.
⑧Look _______ this word in the dictionary.
重点词汇-10. make use of
【原句呈现】With so much free time, students who do not make good use of their time my not pass their exams.
【知识精讲】
①make use of是由“动词＋名词＋介词”构成的动词短语，这类短语的考查重点是用名词作先行词，
用于定语从句：The use we make of our time is not proper.
②make use of用在被动句型中，要特别注意分析句子结构：
Every minute should be made use of to study hard.
③动词短语和句型：make full/good use of充分利用 make the best/most of充分利用
take(full)advantage of(充分)利用
put...to use加以/投入使用 come into use开始被使用
be of great use很有用
It is no use doing ...做……是没用的
【单句填空】
①You?had?better?make?the _______??of?your?intelligence?to?serve?the?people.?
②Parents should actively urge their children to take _______?of?the opportunity to join sports teams.
③Tom studied very hard, and he wanted make good _______ of to his chance to Learn.
拓展：advantage n. 好处，有利条件
at an advantage 有优势，处于有利地位
have an advantage over 胜过，占上风
turn sth to your advantage 使某事转化为有利条件
例句：Graduates with a good command of English and computer skills tent to be at an advantage when applying for jobs. 精通英语和计算机技术的大学毕业生在求职时往往处于优势。
② disadvantage n. 缺点，不利条件
to one’s disadvantage / to the disadvantage of sb. 对某事不利
equal
① adj. (大小，数量，价值等)相同的，相等的；平等的；（力气，勇气，能力等）相当的，能胜任的
Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯，有用的技能和积极的态度。
常用搭配： be equal to sth. 能胜任某事，能应付难题（任务等）
I hope that he is equal to the challenge. 我希望他能应付这一挑战。
② n. 同等的人（物）
be without equal/ have no equal 无与伦比的
③ vt.与…….相等；等于；比得上
When it comes to bragging, no one could equal him.要说吹牛，没人能比得上他。
联想词 1. equality n.相等；平等
equally adv. 相等的；同样的；平等的
balance
①. vt.同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性
Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.仔细规划你们的学习，设定明确的目标，平衡学业和其他活动。
联想词：balanced adj. 保持平衡的，均衡的
What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet? 如果没有均衡的饮食，你将会怎样？
② n. 【U】均衡，平衡，平衡能力 【C】天平，秤
常用搭配： a sense of balance 平衡感
out of balance 失去平衡
keep / lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
responsible adj. 有责任的，负责，可靠的
课文原句： Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for realizing your great potential.
高中可以帮助你们学习和成长，但只有你们自己负责充分发挥自己的潜能。
常用搭配：be responsible for…对…负责；是…的原因；
例句：Heavy rain was responsible for the shortage of vegetables. 大雨是蔬菜短缺的原因。
联想词：responsibility n. 责任，职责，负责
have responsibility for (doing) sth. 有（做）某事的责任
take responsibility for (doing) sth. 承担（做）某事的责任
ahead adv. (时间，空间)向前，提前，预先，领先
课文原句： I’ve been told that schoolwork will present more of a challenge in the years ahead, and that he teachers will hold us to higher standards.
我被告知在接下里的几年中学业会更加具有挑战性，而且老师们会使我们达到更高的水平。
常用搭配：ahead of time = in advance 提前
ahead of schedule 提前
go ahead 可以；干吧
例句：Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 没有你的帮助，我不可能提前完成这项工作。
independent adj. 自主的，有主见的
课文原句： In fact, I’m looking forward to being more independent and responsible for my own learning. 事实上，我盼望着变得更加独立，对我自己的学习更加负责。
反义词：dependent adj. 依赖的，依靠的
联想词：independently adv. 独立地； independence n. 独立，自主
dependence n. 依靠，依赖 depend vi. 依靠，依赖
depend on/ upon 依靠，依赖，由…决定，取决于
例句： Do you depend on the ocean for your livelihood? 你依靠海洋谋生吗？
12.Tom is so __________(independence)that he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
focus n. 焦点，重点，中心点
课文原句： Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标会让你的生活有重点。
例句： Our main focus is on helping people get back into work. 我们关注的重点是帮助人们再就业。
vt. & vi. (把…)集中于；调节（…的）焦距；使聚焦
常用搭配： focus on 集中（注意力，精力等）于
focus one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到某事上
近义短语：center on （注意力）集中到（=be centred on）
concentrate …on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
fix one’s attention /eyes/ mind on 把注意力/ 双眼/ 思想集中于…上（常用语被动语态）
detail n. 细节，具体情况，详情
课文原句： To realize your goals, you need to have a good plan, manage your time well and pay attention to details. 为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节。
常用搭配： in detail 详细地（放在句末做状语） go into detail(s) 详细叙述
as a result of 由于
课文原句：As a result of your action, your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life. 有了你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活。
特别注意： as a result “结果，因此”，单独做状语
例句： As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. 结果，人类形成了至今仍存在的一系列的性格类型。
拓展：result in+ 结果，导致，造成
result from + 原因（由…而）造成
例句： The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.
We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the past.
base vt. 以…为基础（依据）
n. 根据，基础，基地，总部，大本营，底部
课文原句： Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于你的能力和技巧来定目标。
常用搭配：be based on / upon 以…为根据/ 基础
例句： Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. = Based on emotion rather than on reason, your important decision will make you regretful sooner or later. 把重要的决定建立在情感之上，而不是理性之上，你早晚要后悔的。
联想词：basic adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的
basically adv. 基本的，从跟本上说
basis n. 基础 （pl.） bases
remind vt.提醒, 使想起
课文原句： This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会让你想到你再为什么而努力并且让你精力集中。
常见用法： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，是某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句： The pictures will remind me of the days when we were in our hometown.
aim n. 目的，目标，瞄准
课文原句： Club aim: To improve short story writing skills. 俱乐部目的：提高短篇故事的写作技巧。
常用搭配： take aim at 瞄准，批评； with the aim of…目的是。
② vi. & vt. 力争做到，目的是，针对，瞄准
常用搭配： aim to do sth. 力争做到某事
aim at 瞄准，目的在于，针对
be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事
例句： In a word, the programmer aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society.
总之，这个计划的目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。
This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking.
exchange n. 交换，交流，兑换
课文原句： Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习。
常用搭配：in exchange for…
例句： It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.
公务人员为某些人提供便利以换取礼品或金钱的行为是非法的。
19.The technical cooperation and cultural _______ between the two countries are daily on the increase.
A. expenses B. exchanges C. exception D. extension
② vt. 交换，交流，兑换
常见搭配： exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
exchange A for B 用A换B
例句： If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 如果课程不能让您十分满意，您可以轻松将其换成我们提供的其他任何课程。
alarm n. 闹钟，恐慌，警报，警报器
课文原句： I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！
常用搭配： raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报
a fire/ smoke alarm 防火/ 烟雾警报器 an alarm clock 闹钟 an alarm system 警报系统
例句： I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开，我惊慌地转过头看。
② vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
例句：This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me. 这是英特网一个不利的方面， 使我有些不安。
联想词： alarmed adj. 担忧的，恐慌的
be alarmed by/ at sth. 因某事而恐慌
be alarmed to do sth. 做某事而感到恐慌
例句： I was alarmed to see the men were carrying guns. 看到那些人带着枪我感到很恐慌。
② alarming adj. 令人担忧的，令人恐慌的
例句：As we all know, with the development of science and technology, the earth’s resources are running out at an alarming rate, so we should make good use of them.
II 拔尖词汇
accomplish v. 完成
I want to thank all my team members who helped me a lot to accomplish the great milestone.
我想感谢所有大力帮助我实现这一伟大里程碑的队员们。
complain v抱怨
Some students complain about the length of the school day, and feel under a great deal of stress. 一些学生抱怨在校时间过长，而且感到压力很大。
desire n. 愿望，欲望
Our students come from different background but have the same desire to learn online. 虽然我们的学会来自不同的背景，但他们上网学习的欲望是相同的。
delightful adj. 令人愉快的
Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. 太空旅行会令人很愉快，但与此同时又暗藏危险。
be determined to do sth. 下定决心做
China is determined to accomplish the goal of building a well-off society in all aspects. 中国下定决心要实现全面建成小康社会的目标。
三、典型题精讲 单项选择(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项)
1.If you come to visit China, you will _______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.
A. develop B. create C. substitute D. experience
2.Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and?_______?them.
A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove
3.Although knocked down by a car, he managed to _______ to his feet.
A. stand B. rise C. run D. struggle
4.They only _______ me half price for the fashionable skirt.
A. earned B. charged C. exchanged D. donated
6.Backward _______ technologically as we are for the moment, we have confidence in our ability to catch up in time.
A. somehow B. anyhow C. somewhat D. somewhere
7.The most unbelievable thing is that Wikileaks has _______ got hold of some
A. simply B. sincerely C. somehow D. somewhat
8.You’d better cut your hair short. Our school doesn’t _______ long hair.
A. approve of students wear B. approve of students wearing
C. approve of students to wear D. approve of students wore
9.An expert says, “I think it is unpredictable for nature. You don’t know what will happen but _______, we are preparing.”
A. somehow B. somewhat C. anyhow D. someway
10.The manager promised to keep us _______ of how our business was going on.
A. informed B. informing C. to inform D. having informed
11.Young as he is, he _______ every minute to reading the English newspaper.
A. spends B. takes C. devotes D. picks
13.Shortly after the earthquake, many people hurried to the hospital to _______ their blood.
A. donate B. share C. exchange D. promote
14.The development of technology and many people’s burning need make to clone or not to clone a human being no long an _______ question but a real problem many governments face.
A. unfair B. important C. academic D. average
16.Just _______?the past 100 years and you’ll discover that a mistake can sometimes be a good thing.
A. look up to B. look forward to C. look back on D. look down upon
17.No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for _______ workers to??master those high-technology skills easily.
A. usual B. average C. normal D. general
20.I’m lucky to have got two tickets _______. Are you _______ to go to the concert with me?
A. freely, free B. for free, freely C. freely, for free D. for free, free
21.Life is full of _______. School is thought as the most _______ obstacle in the lives of youth today.
A. challenge, challenging B. challenges, challenged
C. challenges, challenging D. challenging, challenges
22.I suggest you take Jack to Italy with you, for he speaks _______ Italian.
A. frequent B. firm C. fluent D. fluently
二、词性转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)
1.However fierce the competition is, there is a good chance that our team will win so long as we have made full __________(prepare).
2.After?__________(graduate), he volunteered to teach in a school in the west of China.
3.Australia, Canada and the United States have declined to give their ___________(approve)to the final report.
4.Meanwhile, in this course, he will give you more better resource, can help you to finish the task more?
__________(splendid).
5.We have a wide __________(select)of sweaters that will appeal to all ages.
6.If we turned a blind eye to the situation where our children are burdened with too much __________(academy) pressure, we would pay a heavy price in the future.
7.The reason why he resigned his post was that there was a more attractive and?__________(challenge)job for him.
8.I deeply appreciate your __________(kind)in coming so?far?to?meet?me.??
9.—Your colleague is speaking English with?__________(fluent).
—It’s no wonder. She worked in the UK for a year as a visiting professor.
11.China?__________(recent)tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing
boats from being attacked in the South China Sea.
13.I’d advise anyone to put aside?a proportion of their?__________(earn)—a penny saved is a penny.
15.I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation?to those who are always giving me timely help and
__________(encourage)when I am in trouble.
16.In other words, whether you’re seeking life?long __________ or a few moments of good cheer, you've got to
move forward. Finally, a __________ result will come to you and make you __________.(satisfy)
17.With the new requirements for reading put forward, pupils should be able to read with a large degree of __________(depend).
19.We should train our students to speak English?__________(fluent)and accurately.
20.It is believed that travelling to Yaan in October is an __________(enjoy)experience.
课后练习 VIII 翻译 (每空2分，共30分)
1. 她想尽力提高自己的成绩。（effort）
_______________________________________ her grades.
2. 是我而不是你对这起事故负有责任。（responsible）
It is I rather than you who_______________________________________.
3. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆.（Confucius）
4. 地板上是一摞摞的书，杂志和报纸。（倒装,pile）
On the floor _________________________________________________.
5.飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难。(kill 的非谓语动词形式)
6. 正如老子睿智所言：“千里之行，始于足下。”(Lao-Tzu, as 引导定语从句)
7. 好的学习习惯、有用的技能、积极的态度同等重要。（倒装结构）
8. 对于年幼的孩子来说，独自穿过熙熙攘攘的街道很危险。（It is + 形容词 for sb. + to do sth.）
9. 在他的帮助之下，我感到说英语不像我以前认为的那样苦难了。（as…as）
10. 尽管身体状况不好，她仍然继续她的工作。（although引导让步状语从句）
11. 渐渐地越来越多的人意识到保护野生动物的重要性（over time）
12. 我提出粉刷厨房，条件是之后让我休息两天。(exchange)
13. 演讲太乏味了，以至于我不能把注意力一直集中于此。（so…that引导结果状语从句）
14. 如果你批准我们的提议，我们会很开心。
15. 应鼓励孩子们成为独立思考者。
IV. 完形填空(每空1分，共15分)
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary and advised me to use it. I was 1 to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual(单语的) dictionary. Although it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely 2 to use at first. I would 3 words in the dictionary but still could not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 4 English-Chinese dictionaries, in which the words are 5 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt gave me such 6 to make things so difficult for me. Now, I understand that monolingual dictionaries are 7 in learning a foreign language.
As I 8 , there is, in fact, often no perfect equivalent(对应物) between two 9 in two languages. My aunt even 10 that even a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 11 meaning of the word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better 12 of its meaning. Gradually, I have come to see what she 13 .
Using a monolingual dictionary has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) 14 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 15 exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. Because of this, I can express myself more easily in English.
1 .A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous
2. A. difficult B. interesting C. important D. practical
3. A. look over B. look up C. take down D. take up
4. A. new B. familiar C. informed D. confusing
5. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created
6. A. appreciation B. courage C. advice D. power
7. A. more natural B. better C. more convenient D. easier
8. A. checked out B. broke down C. found out D. turned up
9. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters
10. A. hoped B. declared C. complained D. dreamt
11. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected
12. A. understanding B. practice C. expression D. consideration
13. A. wanted B. preferred C. meant D. suffered
14. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited
15. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously
I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填空. (每空1分，共15分)
1. All children should be encouraged to realize their full ___________________(潜力).
2. The Internet enables us to a_________________ knowledge and skills quickly and easily.
3. The competition is open to both teams and i_______________________.
4. We should make full use of the limited natural r_________________ instead of wasting them.
5. Beijing will be the h__________________ city for the next Winter Olympic Games
6. The audience hurried to the exit in panic when the a_________________ sounded.
8. HE made a very positive c_________________ to the success of the project.
9. The forum promote an open _________________(交流) of ideas and information
10. You should at least give him the o___________________ to explain what happened.
11. I’m afraid I can’t deal with such a ___________________(艰难的) situation.
12.They think that the result is of only __________________(次要的) importance while experience is what matters.
13. What first _________________(吸引) me to her was her sense of humor.
14. Great a _____________________ in English have been made due to their diligence.
15. Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make great _________________ (贡献) because sometimes I wasn’t express myself clearly in English.
II.词组填空 (每空1分，共10分)
make the most of, last but not the least, be responsible for, rise to, (be) based on,
stick to, focus on, as a result of, over time, put together
Who knows! I can? ?anything right now. Thanks to you!
Opportunity knocks but once, so we must? ?it.
He made up his mind to ?the challenge.
This toy can be taken apart and? ?with ease.
?your principles, and you will win through.
He lost his job? ?the argument.
, no littering is allowed.
The study ?data from 2,100 women.
Table manners change? . They follow the fashion the day.
You should? ?all the results.
III. 单句语法填空(每空1分，共10分)
1. It is important for me to be financially independent _________________ my parents.
2. As soon as I got home, I couldn’t wait ________________(turn) on the TV to watch the finals.
3. The boy really doesn’t know _____________ his parents’ life was like when they were his age.
4. Baker will be the only __________________(win) the medal in a row.
5. Never lose heart, Jenny. You should have more confidence ________________ yourself.
6. In the weeks ahead, the manager __________________ (attend) as many as ten meetings.
7. ______________ (realize) his dream of entering a key university, Jack works harder than ever.
8. American English is different ___________________ British English in some aspects.
9. Your encouragement makes me more _______________(confidence) of the coming interview.
10. He has a strong sense of _____________________(responsible) and is respected by us all.
五、教师评定： 1、 学生上次作业评价： ○ 好 ○ 较好 ○ 一般 ○ 差
2、 学生本次上课情况评价： ○ 好 ○ 较好 ○ 一般 ○ 差
教师签字：
教务审核