U3 Topic 1 Whats your hobby?同步课堂

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名称 U3 Topic 1 Whats your hobby?同步课堂
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版本资源 仁爱科普版
科目 英语
更新时间 2021-08-04 09:16:28

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
同步课堂 仁爱版八年级英语上
Unit 3 Our Hobbies
Topic 1 Whats your hobby?
一、重点词语
hobby 业余爱好,嗜好
poem 诗;韵文
maybe 可能,或许,也许
pet 宠物;宠儿,宝贝
collect 收集,搜集
plant 种植,播种。植物
coin 硬币
hate 厌恶,讨厌;仇恨
pop (音乐、艺术等)大众的,通俗的
friendship 友谊,友好,友情
funny 滑稽的,好笑的
stupid 愚蠢的,笨的
ugly 丑陋的,难看的
background 背景
paper 纸,纸张
scissors 剪刀
glue 胶,胶水。(用胶水)粘合,粘帖
cut 剪,切,割。伤口;开口
stick 粘帖,粘住
lazy 懒惰的
title 题目,标题
passage 章节,段落
introduction 介绍;引进
everyday 日常的,每日的
snake 蛇
provide 提供,给予
pig 猪;贪婪的人
dirty 肮脏的,污秽的
二、词组
such as 例如
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
take a bath 洗澡
be interested in 对……感兴趣
go dancing 跳舞
go boating 划船
play volleyball 打排球
swimming 游泳
drawing 画画
collecting stamps 集邮
collecting coins 收藏硬币
listening to pop music 听流行音乐
listening to classical music 听古典音乐
listening to symphony 听交响乐
walking in the countryside 在乡间散步
三、重点句型
1.Wow! So many stamps!(Page 53)哇,那么多的邮票!
本句意为:There are so many stamps.?so many意思是“那么多”,so much意思也是“那么多”。如:
1)There are so many flowers. Or:?So many flowers!这里有这么多的花。
2)There is so much water on the table. Or: So much water!桌子上有那么多的水。????
2. We can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (Page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。
a lot “许多、大量”,用在动词后,同very much。如:
1)She had told me a lot about how to learn English well.
她告诉我许多有关怎样学好英语的方法。
2)Thanks a lot.非常感谢。
另外,a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”,要用在名词前,在肯定句中常代替much,many。在口语中尤其如此。如:
There are a lot of / lots of history books in the room.屋里有许多历史书。
There is still a lot of / lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有许多雪。
We have had a lot of / lots of fruits. 我们吃过许多水果。
a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别,都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时,动词用单数,与可数名词连用时,动词用复数。见上述例句。
3.Would you like to collect any of these things? (Page 53)你想集下面这些东西吗?
would you like to +动词原形,表示“想要……”如:
1) Would you like to have a cup of coffee? 你想要一杯咖啡吗?
2)Would you like to have something to drink?你想要点喝的吗?
any 用在疑问句、条件从句中,可以翻译为“什么”、“一些”。如:
1)Are there any letters for me? 这有我的信吗?
2)If you have any trouble, please let me know. 如果你有什么困难,请告诉我。
?4. What things do you love collecting? (Page 53)你喜欢集什么东西?
love + doing表示“喜欢、爱好”,也可以用like+ doing表示。如:
1)I love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。
2)I love skating.我喜欢溜冰。
5.I am interested in playing sports. (Page 54)我对运动感兴趣。
be interested in (doing) sth. “对……感兴趣”如:
1)I?am interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。
2)Jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。
6.What do you often do in your spare time? (Page 55)在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊?
in one’s spare time “在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”,也可用in one’s free time替换。如:
1)I shall do it in my spare time. 我会在我的业余时间做这件事。
2)In my free time I often go to the movies.在闲暇之际,我常去看电影。
7. I often go fishing. (Page 55)我经常去钓鱼。
go + doing表示“去做某事”
go +v-ing结构很常用,多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:
1)Let’s go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。
2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗?
另外还有:go hunting 去打猎??go shooting 去射击??go swimming 去游泳
go bathing 去沐浴??go shopping 去购物??go climbing 去爬山
8.And I do a lot of reading. (Page 55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。
在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构,表示“干某事”。如:
散步?do some walking do a lot of walking
读书?do some?reading do a lot of reading
洗衣服?do some washing do a lot of washing
买东西?do some shopping do a lot of shopping
清扫?do some cleaning do a lot of cleaning
9.I’m a movie fan. (page 55)我是一个电影迷。
fan(运动、电影等)狂热爱好者。如:a film / football / star fan 同时,fan作为名词还有“风扇”的意思。如:electric fan 电扇。
10.I also rent VCDs and watch them at home. (Page 55) 我也租一些VCD在家看。
watch “观看、注视”。如:
1) I like to watch TV.我喜欢看电视。
2) Are you going to play or watch?你将参加比赛还是只是去看看?
?11.Why not go out and do some outdoor activities? (Page 55)为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢?
这是一个省略句,全句可以说成Why shall we not go out and do some outdoor activities?常在口语中使用,用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文,如:
1)Why not meet at the school gate?我们在校门口见面好吗?
2)Why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢?
some“一些、几个”,用在疑问句中, 表示希望得到肯定回答。如:
1)Would you like to give us some good advice?请给我们一些好的建议好吗?
2)Would you like some coffee or tea?请问,你是想喝咖啡还是茶?
12.Maybe I need a change. (Page 55) 或许我需要改变。
maybe “也许、可能、大概”。如:
1)Maybe he will come, maybe he won’t.也许他来,也许他不来。
2)—Is that true?那是真的吗?
—Maybe, I am not sure.也许,我也不敢肯定。
13.My interests are changing all the time. (Page 56) 我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。
all the time“总是、一直”。如:
1)Why are you playing all the time? 你为什么总是玩啊?
2)Look at these monkeys, they are jumping all the time.
看看这些猴子,它们一直跳个不停。
14. And I wasn’t interested in sports at all. (Page 56)我对运动一点兴趣都没有。
not...at all “一点也不……”;“全然不”。如:
1)I didn’t mind it at all. 我一点也不在意。
2)—Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。
—Not at all.没关系。
3)He didn’t know that at all. 他对此事一无所知。
15. But now, my hobbies are sports, like soccer and swimming. (Page 56)
但是现在我的爱好是体育,比如足球和游泳。
like“像……,好比……”。如:
1)He swims very quickly like a fish.他游泳非常地快,像一条鱼。
2) The cake is round like a moon.这块蛋糕是圆的,就像月亮一样。
16. I never miss any important soccer games. (Page 56)我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。
never “未曾、从未”,表示否定。如:
1)I have never met him before.我以前从未见过他。
2) You have never been to the Great Wall, have you?你从未去过长城,是吗?
17. I used to know little about paintings. (Page 56)我过去不太懂绘画。
little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”;“很少”。little相当于not much, few相当于not many。little与不可数名词连用, few与可数名词复数连用。如:
1)I have little time.我的时间很少。
2) I understood little of his speech.他的话我没有明白多少。
3) Few of the students passed the exam.没有几个学生考试及格。
Few people would agree with him.没有多少人同意他。
而a little和a few含有肯定的意思,表示“一些”;“几个”(虽然少,但有一些)。如:
1)I know a little French.我多少还懂点儿法语。
2) There’s a little water in the glass.杯子里还有点儿水。
3) Can you stay a few days longer?你能多呆几天吗?
4)I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在北京还有几个朋友。
18. I enjoy listening to rock music. (Page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。
like, love, enjoy和prefer,这四个词都有“喜欢”之意,但用法不同。试比较:
like意为“喜欢、爱好”,语气较弱,其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作宾语。like也常跟复合宾语,宾语补足语常用动词不定式。如:
1)In England, many people like fish and chips.在英国,许多人喜欢鱼和油炸土豆条。
2)Jack likes playing football.杰克爱踢足球。
3)I don’t like to eat apples now.现在我不想吃苹果。
love意为“爱,热爱,喜欢”,常指对祖国、亲人及朋友的爱,也可用于事物,强调非常喜欢,具有较强的感彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如:
1)Father loves his work.爸爸热爱他的工作。
2)I love watching TV.我爱看电视。
3)Children love to play this game.孩子们爱做这种游戏。
4)We all love our great motherland.我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。
enjoy意为“喜欢,欣赏”,含有“乐于、享受……之乐趣”之意,其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。
1)The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。
2)Did you enjoy yourself in the zoo?你在动物园玩得愉快吗?
3)Many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。
prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”,常用于两者之间的选择,其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer...to...表示“宁愿……,不愿……”,“喜欢……而不喜欢……”,其中to为介词,后可跟名词或动名词。如:
1)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你比较喜欢喝茶,还是喝咖啡?
2)I prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。
3)My brother likes maths, but I prefer English.
我哥哥喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。
19.Did you use to go swimming during?summer vacations? (Page 57)
在暑假里,你过去经常去游泳么?
during “在……的期间、在……的时候”。如:
1)The sun gives us light during the daytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。
2) He called to see me during my absence.当我不在的时候他来访过我。
20.I used to do that in the pond in front of my house. ( Page 57)我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。
in front of “在……的前面”;指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of “……的前部”;指在物体内部的前面,即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较:
1)There is a tall tree in front of my house.我家房前有一棵大树。
2)Don’t stand in front of me. I can’t see the blackboard.
别站在我前面。我都看不见黑板了。
3)The teacher is giving a lesson in the front of the classroom.老师在教室的前面讲课。
4) The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司机坐在汽车的前面。
21.Nobody. I taught myself. ( Page 57)没有任何人,我自学的。
teach oneself “自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教……”有些动词后常跟反身代词,如:enjoy oneself “过得愉快”, help oneself “随便吃(用)……”。如:
1)She teaches history in our school.她在我们学校教历史。
2)She taught his son English when he was 3 years old.她儿子3岁时,她就教他英语。
3)Did you enjoy yourselves in the party?你们在舞会上玩得愉快吗?
4)Help yourself to some fruit.请随便吃些水果吧。
22.When they are free, people usually do what they like. (Page 58) 当人们空闲的时候,他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事情。
free “有空、空闲”, be free可以替换为have time。如:
1)Are you free this evening? = Do you have time this evening? 你今天晚上有空吗?
2)If I am free, I am going to visit the museum. = If I have time, I am going to visit the museum.如果有时间,我打算去参观博物馆。
23.They also paint pictures or collect things such as coins, dolls or stamps. (Page 58) 他们也绘画或者收集一些东西,例如:硬币、娃娃或邮票。
such as “像……、比如……、诸如……”如:
1)We study several subjects, such as Chinese, maths, English and physics.我们学习很多的科目,比如语文、数学、英语和物理。
2)I can name some animals in the zoo, such as tiger, wolf, fox and so on.我可以叫出动物园里一些动物的名字,如老虎,狼,狐狸等。
24.When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.(Page 58)当人们变老的时候,爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候,爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。
本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。系动词一共可以分为两大类:表示状态的和表示状态变化的。
系动词表示状态的又分为以下三类:
1)be, seem, appear等。
2)由感官动词变化而来的,翻译成中文通常可以翻译成“……起来”,这些系动词有:look, sound, feel, taste, smell等。
3)由不及物动词转化而来的,这些系动词有:stand, keep, prove, remain
系动词表示状态变化的包括:become, go, get, grow, turn, fall等。如:
1)Coffee smells nice.咖啡闻起来好香。
2)After hearing that, his face went red.听完,他的脸红了。
3)The days get longer and longer in spring.春天白天变得越来越长了。
24.I call him Pink pig. The color of his skin is light pink. ( Page 59)我叫他粉色,因为他的皮肤是淡粉色的。
light“淡色的、浅色的”,而dark的意思则是“深色的、暗淡的”。如:
1)Which dress do you like, the light one or the dark one?你喜欢哪条裙子,浅色的还是深色的?
2)It is dark now. Let’s go home quickly. 天黑了,咱们快点儿回家吧。
25.Pink likes to have a bath.( Page 59) Pink喜欢洗澡。
have a bath 洗澡
短语have a bath与动词bathe意思一样,但前者表示在有限的时间里进行某项活动。如:
游泳?have a swim????谈一谈 ?have a talk
洗一洗?have a wash骑马??have a ride
看一看?have a look休息一下?have a rest
26.How do you take care of them? ( Page 59)你怎样照顾它们?
take care of 照顾,类似的说法还有look after。如:
1)The girl is too young to take care of herself.这姑娘太小了还不能照顾自己。
2) The old man is taken good care of by his children.这位老人被他的孩子们精心地照顾着。
3)My mother is ill. I have to look after her at home.我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。
4)You must look after your things. 你必须照看好你自己的东西。
四、主题课文翻译
海伦:你空闲时间一般都做什么?
文伟:我经常去钓鱼。那是我最喜欢的爱好。我还喜欢读故事和听音乐。非常有趣。那么,你的爱好是什么?
海伦:我喜欢背诗。我也喜欢看电影。我经常去电影院。我也会租DVD,在家里看。
文伟:为什么不出去做一些户外活动呢?
海伦:听起来不错!或许我得改变一下。
Section B 1a
迈克尔:嗨,马丽亚!你拿着什么东西呀?
马丽亚:是我收集的邮票。你想看看吗?
迈克尔:哇哦!好漂亮的邮票!它们都是中国的吗?
马丽亚:不是。有些是古巴的。但是现在我也有许多中国的漂亮邮票。
迈克尔:一定特别有趣。
马丽亚:确实很有趣。我们可以从邮票中学到很多历史和人物。你有过什么爱好?
迈克尔:我收集过棒球卡片。但是现在我对篮球感兴趣。
(康康来了。)
康康:嗨,马丽亚!嗨,迈克尔!你们在看什么呢?
迈克尔:嗨,康康!我们在看马丽亚收集的邮票。你要去哪儿?
康康:我要去游泳。那是我最喜欢的爱好。
Section C 1a
Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book. They kept pictures,letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.
Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collections, like the world's most stupid ideas or pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about bad weather.
It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect.Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper,scissors and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.
You can be busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. It'llbe lots of fun to make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.
剪贴簿是一种爱好。它流行了500多年。人们把它称为友谊之书。他们保存着照片、信件、诗歌和其他他们想要记住的东西。
今天人们用剪贴簿收集许多东西。有些人有有趣的收藏,比如世界上最愚蠢的想法或世界上最可爱的狗的照片。其他人可能会收集关于坏天气的故事。
开始很容易。首先,你应该决定你想要收集什么,从一个想法开始。接下来,你需要一本有背景纸、剪刀和胶水的书。你需要剪刀把照片或故事剪掉。你需要胶水把它们粘在背景纸上。
你可以忙着收集很多东西,也可以懒散地收集一些东西。制作你的剪贴簿会很有趣,你可以和你的朋友分享。
Section D
阅读短文,完成第62页的表格。
宠物很特别。他们可能是像狗或猫一样的日常宠物,也可能是像蛇一样危险的宠物,所有的宠物在他们的生活中都为主人提供了爱和安慰。
我最喜欢的宠物是一头猪。我叫他粉红,因为他的颜色是淡粉色。他很聪明,我把他关在家里。他是干净的。他喜欢水,我经常帮他在我家后面的池塘里洗澡。他喜欢吃水果和蔬菜,他不在乎它们是好是坏。粉红也喜欢走路。所以我经常带他出去散步。他总是跟着我,就像个小朋友。我非常爱他,他对我来说很特别。
五、重点语言点
Section A
1. Some of them are of great value.
of great value 意为“很有价值的”, 相当于 valuable. “Of +名词”表“有…的”,相当于一个形容词。如:It is of importance. = It is important.
I used to enjoy listening to rock music, but now I love collecting paintings.
(1) used to + 动词原形,表过去经常做某事(现在不了),否定形式为didn’t use to 或
used not to, 如:He didn’t use to drink beer.= He used not to drink beer. 其疑问句即可用助动词did, 也可以用 used, 如:Did he use to live in Beijing? = Used he to live in Beijing?
(2) love 的用法同like,后即可以接动词ing形式,也可以接动词不定式。 (3) picture 广义的图画,包括painting(水彩画),drawing(简笔画)
I am interested in playing basketball.
be interested in 对… 感兴趣
I enjoy dancing to music.
dance to music 随着音乐跳舞
I am fond of acting.
be fond of 喜爱
Section B
1. What do you often do in your spare time ?
In one’s spare time = in one’s free time 在某人空闲时间里
2. why not go out and do some outdoor activities ?
(1)表建议的句型有:
Why not = Why don’t you,后接动词原形,如; Why not/ Why don’t you go out ?
What about = How about 后接动词ing,如: What / How about going out ?
Shall we + 动词原形, 如:Shall we go out ?
(2) do some outdoor activities 做户外活动
3. Maybe I need a change.
change ①名词,改变,如:a great change。 ②动词,改变,如:He changed his mind.(改了他的主意) ③名词,零钱,如:Here’s your change.
4. water flower 浇花 (water 在此为动词,表“给…浇水”)
5. 含 time 的短语:①all the time 一直 ②at the same time同时 ③at times有时
④in time及时 ⑤on time准时 ⑥at that time 在那时 ⑦from time to time 不时
6. not … at all 一点也不, 如:I don’t like it at all.
Not at all 不用谢;没关系
7. Do you share my interests ?
share sth with sb. 同某人分享某事物,如: I want to share my happiness with you.
Section C
1. Did you used to go swimming during the summer vacation ?
vacation= holiday 假期
2. I used to swim in the pond in front of my house.
in front of 在(某物体外面的)前面,如:There are some trees in front of my house.
in the front of 在(某物体里面的)前面,如:There is a blackboard in front of the classroom.
3. How clever !
感叹句:
(1)How + 形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)! 感叹句中主语和谓语常省去。 如:
①How tall (the tree is)! ②How fast (he runs)!
(2)What + (a / an) + 形容词+ 名词(+主语+ 谓语)!当名词为可数名词单数时,用a/an, 如:What a tall tree (it is) !当此名词为复数或不可数名词时,不要a/an, 如:
①What tall trees (they are)! ②What bad weather (it is)!
4. They keep pets, play sports, dance to music.
keep pets 养宠物 (keep 有养,保存的意思) feed pets 喂宠物(feed 指给东西它吃)
5. such as 通常放句中,后接几个并列名词,如:I can speak many languages, such as English, French and Japanese. 而for example 可放句中,句首或句尾,后常接一个句子或短语并与它用逗号隔开,如:_For_ example, Australia was unknown
6. Hobbies help people relax after their daily work.
daily = everyday 每天的,日常的。如: in our daily life = in our everyday life
7. well (1)副词,好地,如:He speaks English well (2)形容词,身体好的,如:I am well.
Section D
1. the color of his skin is light pink.
light (1)颜色浅的,反义词 dark (2) 重量轻的,反义词为 heavy (3) 灯
2. He likes water and I often help him take a bath in the pond.
(1)He 和 she 也可以表动物的雌雄,指祖国时用she.
(2) take a bath = have a bath 洗澡
3. He doesn’t mind whether they are good or not.
whether 和 if 表是否时,常可以互换,但在以下情况只能用whether, 不能用 if .
(1)whether 可以和 or (not) 合在一起使用,也可以分开使用,但 if 可以只能在口语中与 or not 分开使用。Let me know whether or not you can come.
(2)whether后可接不定式,而if不能。如: Please tell us whether to go or stay here.
(3)whether可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能。如:
_Whether_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet.
(4)whether可用在介词之后,引导宾语从句,而If则不能。如:
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
(5)whether可引导表语从句,if则不能。如:The question is whether it is not worthdoing.
(6).在有些动词(如discuss)之后,只能用whether,而不用if引导宾语从句。如:
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
五、语法学习
1.I used to listen to rock music but now I collect telephone cards and paintings. (Page 53)我过去常听摇滚乐,可现在我集电话卡和画。
used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作)或状态(暗含的意思是现在已不复存在),只有一种形式,即过去式,用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为:used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑问句为Used you to... ? 或 Did you use to...?如:
1)I used to go to school on foot. 我过去步行上学。(暗含的意思是:我现在不再步行上学了。)
2)Mary used to sleep late.玛莉过去总是很晚才睡觉。(暗含的意思是:玛莉现在睡觉不再那么晚了。)
3)I used to walk along the road after supper.我过去常常在晚饭后沿着这条马路散步。
4)He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it.
他过去不喜欢京剧,但现在非常喜欢。
现在大多数人在口语中或不太正式的书面语中对否定句和疑问句常使用与do 连用的形式。例如:1)I didn’t use to like skating, but now I like it very much.我过去不喜欢滑冰,但现在很喜欢。
2)Did you use to go there?你以往常去哪儿?
3)There used to be a theatre here, didn’t there?以前这里有一座剧院,是不是?
另外,注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别:
be used to doing sth “习惯于……,适应于……”如:
1)He is used to working hard. 他习惯于努力地工作。
2)He used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。
3)I’m used to doing jogging in the morning now. 我习惯于早上慢跑。
be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如:
1)Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来生产纸张。
2)Computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今电脑可用来做许多事。
2. Collecting stamps must be great fun! (Page 53)集邮肯定很有趣!
must在这里是情态动词,作用是用来表示推测,可以翻译为“想必”。如:
1)Your brother must be in the school. I saw him just now.你的哥哥想必在学校。我刚才看见他了。
2)Your friend must have left for Nanjing yesterday.你的朋友想必昨天已经离开去南京了。
3) She thought that her present must be in the box.她以为礼物一定是在盒子里。
4) You must be thirsty after a long walk.走了很长的路,你一定渴了。
5) It must be ten o’clock now.现在肯定有10点钟了。
情态动词must的三种否定形式
must表示“必须”时,其否定回答为don’t have to,意思为“不需要”。如:
1)Must I pay back the money right now? No, you don’t have to.我必须现在偿还这笔钱吗?不,你不需要现在还。
2)You must listen to the teacher carefully in class.你必须在课堂上认真听讲。
must表示“推测”时,其否定形式为can’t,意思为“不可能”。如:
1)I’ve seen what she is talking about, so she can’t be telling lies.我目睹了她所说的事情,因此,她不可能在说谎。
2)Yesterday I received a letter from him, so he can’t be here. 昨天我收到了他的信,所以说他不可能在这儿。
而must not的意思为“绝对不可,不许,禁止”。如:
1)You must not smoke in the hospital.你绝对不可以在医院里吸烟。
2)You must not cross the road when the traffic lights are red.交通灯是红色时,你千万不能过马路。
3.He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not. ( Page 59) 他并不介意它们是否是好的。
此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not“不论是否……”。如:
1)You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必须天天早点起床,不论是否下雨。
2)Whether we go or not matters little.不论我们是否去,关系不大。
if与whether的区别。
二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。如:
1)I want to know if / whether it is going to rain tomorrow.我想知道明天是否下雨。
2) He asked me if / whether Li Ping was at home.他问我李平是否在家。
3) He didn’t understand if / whether the stranger told a lie.他不明白那个陌生人是否说的是假话。
但下列几种情况不能换用。
whether 后可紧接or not,而if一般不能。
Let me know whether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来,请告诉我一声。
whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前,if则不能。如:
Whether this is true or not, I can not say.这件事是否真实,我说不上。
不定式前用whether,不用if。如:
I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.我还没有决定是看电影还是留在家里。
介词后可用whether,不用if。如:
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家还没有定。
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