U4 Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake?同步课堂

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
同步课堂 仁爱版八年级英语上
Unit 4 Our World
Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake?
一、重点词语
earthquake 地震
missing 失踪的，找不到的，丢失的；缺少的
mobile 可移动的
phone 电话，电话机
fire 失火，火灾；火
level 级别；水平，程度
sad 难过的；悲哀的
middle 中间，中央，中心
shake 摇动，（使）颤动；抖（掉）
check 查看，核实；检查
whole 整体的，全部的。整个，整体
appear 出现；看来；好像
send 派遣；打发；安排去
army 军队
二、词组
1.take the place of 代替，取代
2.instead of 代替，而不是……
3.mistake…for…把……错当
4.seem to do 好象，似乎
5.call for 要求
6.wake sb. up 将某人叫醒
7.see sb.doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
8.use sth. for sth./doing sth. 利用某物做某事
9.spend…on… 在……上花费时间或金钱
10.be sure of 确信
11.these days 现在，目前
12.in alphabetical order 按字母表顺序排列
13.look up 查阅
14.pay attention to 注意，专心
15.begin with 以……开始
16.and son on 等等
17.switch on 开（电灯，机器等）
18.ask （sb.）for sth. 向……要……
三、重点句型
1. I’m sure robots can do some work better than humans. 我确信机器人比人能更好地做某些工作。
2. I saw a UFO while I was walking down the street yesterday. 昨天我沿着街道走时，看见了一个不明飞行物。
3. It looked like a plate. 它看上去像一个盘子。
4. Until now,even the scientists are not sure whether there are UFO. 直到现在，甚至科学家也不确信是否有不明飞行物。
5. We can shop without going out of our houses. 我们不出家门就能购物。
6. We can use the Internet for finding a job. 我们可以用网络来找工作。
7. We shouldn’t spend too much time on it.但是我们不应该在因特网上面花费太多的时间。
8. When you look up a word in the dictionary,pay attention to the first letter of the word. 当你在字典里查一个单词的时候，注意这个单词的第一个字母。
主题课文翻译
Section A
康康：李明，快来看！青海发生了可怕的地震！
李明：哦，不是吧！什么时候什么地点？
康康：今天早上发生在青海省玉树县。
李明：严重吗？
康康：严重。很多楼房都塌了。有些人遇难了，很多人都失踪了。
李明：听到这些真的很抱歉。
康康：我还知道中国有另外两次严重的地震。
李明：真的吗？哪一次最严重？
康康：我觉得2008年的汶川地震比这次更严重，但是1976年的唐山地震是最严重的。那次地震有24万多人遇难。
李明：太可怕了！地震时我们怎么保护自己呢？
康康：我们去找王老师帮忙吧。
Section B
（王老师和她的学生们在讨论青海省的玉树地震。）
王老师：你们听说青海省的玉树地震了吗？
康康：嗯，情况很糟糕。震级是7.1级。很多楼房都倒塌了。
简：有两千多人遇难，更多人受伤。
迈克尔：我听到这则消息时很难过。
马丽亚：很多孩子都失去了自己的家园，还不能上学。
王老师：你们知道地震发生时怎么保护自己吗？
简：我觉得我们应该跑到户外去。
王老师：不对，跑出去很危险。
康康：王老师，你觉得我们应该待在桌子底下吗？
王老师：是的，我觉得应该这样。记住，最重要的是保持冷静。
Section C
How to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake
Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms.Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run out of the building.
If you are out of doors,move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines.
The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes. We call them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.
When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need help.You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake.
如何在地震中保护自己
每年都会发生许多地震。有些地震非常强烈。当他们发生在城市，他们可能是非常严重的。许多人将在地震中受伤或死亡。知道一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中的安全。
当地震发生时，如果你在室内，最安全的地方是在一张结实的桌子或桌子下面。坐在门口或靠近墙壁的地板上，比站在房间中间安全得多。记得用手臂保护你的头和脖子，远离窗户、高大的家具、图片或任何可能落在你身上的东西。不要试图从大楼里跑出来。
如果你出了门，就搬到干净的地方去。远离建筑物和树木。小心掉下来的电线。
当强烈的震动停止时，危险还没有结束。大多数地震后都会发生地震。我们称它们为余震，它们有时比第一次地震更危险。
当你安全地四处走动时，检查你身边的人。有些人需要帮助，你可能会感到害怕，但你应该保持冷静。那是地震中最重要的事情。
Section D
2008年5月12日下午2点28分，这里发生了一场可怕的地震。它夺去了超过69000人的生命。500万人失去了家园。许多儿童在学校倒塌时死亡，但在全国人民的帮助下，汶川人民正在重建家园，恢复正常生活，孩子们能够在新的、安全的学校学习。汶川人民非常勇敢，他们正在重新开始他们的生活。现在，更美丽的新汶川出现了。
五、重点语言点
Section A
1. When did scientist invent the first robot ?
invent(动词)发明；inventor（名词）发明家；invention(名词)发明 如：Edison was a great inventor. He invented many inventions.
2. But before that, something like a robot appeared.
appear 出现； disappear 消失 The girl disappeared in the forest.
3. Robots can take the place of humans to do hard or boring work in some situations.
(1) take the place of… = take one’s place 代替… (动词短语，可放主语后做谓语) 如：
He took the place of me to answer the question.
(2) instead of 代替（介词短语，不能作谓语，应放在谓语动词后）如：
He answer the question instead of me.
4. Are you sure?
(1) be sure of / about sth. 确信… He is sure of his success.
(2) be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事：It is sure to rain.
(3) be sure +that从句 I’m sure that he will come.
5. repair和mend 都有“修理，修补”的含义，但mend 一般用于修理小东西、简单东西，如门窗、鞋袜、道路等。而repair 用于修理复杂、精密的东西，如：机器，手表，车辆等。
Section B
1. A UFO flew over my head while I was walking toward the bus stop yesterday.
(1) fly over 飞跃，over表“在物体的正上方”，如：There is a bridge over the river.
(2) walk toward(s) 朝…方向走去
(3) while ①当…时侯②与此同时；表此两种意思时，可与when退换，常与经行时态搭配使用：He is watching TV while/ when I am doing my homework.
While 还可表“然而”，如：He likes Beijing while I like Chongqing.
2. There are no living things on other planets.
living things生物
3. Will robots make humans lose their jobs.
lose one’s job 失业；find a job 找工作；get a job 得到一份工作
4. People often mistake some man-made objects for UFOs.
(1) mistake A for B 错把A当做B：He often mistakes me for Jim.
(2) make a mistake/ make some mistakes 犯错 He made a mistake in an exam.
(3) by mistake 错误地 He called me Jim by mistake
5. While he was trying to call for help….
call for ①=ask for 要求：He called for help.
②提倡，号召：Public _call_ _for_ green Olympics.?公众呼吁绿色奥运。
6. He woke up and saw his mother.
(1) wake up 醒来 She woke up at 9:00 this morning.
(2) wake sb up 弄醒某人 My mother wakes me up at 6:00 every morning.
(3) be awake 醒着的 I was awake all night.
Section C
1. We can use the Internet for finding jobs.
Use sth. for doing sth. = use sth. to do sth. 用某物去做某事
2. But we shouldn’t spend too much time on the Internet.
Sb. spend some time/ money (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间或金钱做某事
Sb. spend some time/ money on sth. 某人花费时间或金钱在某事物上
3. The words in dictionaries are in alphabetical order.
in alphabetical order 按字母顺序 ；in… order 表“以…. 的顺序”如：
Put the words in the right order.
4. look up 查找，可以说“look up a word”或“look up a word in a dictionary”
但不能说look up a dictionary
5. pay attention to (doing ) sth. 注意（做）某事。to 在此为介词。
6. begin with = start with 以…开始； end with 以… 结束
Section D
1. You’d better ask our computer teacher for help.
Ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 He often asks his father for money.
Ask sb. for help 向某人求助
2. Of course, but it’s useless.
useless无用的，反义词useful.
六、语法学习
（一.）现在进行时与过去进行时的区别：
１.现在进行时表示现在正在发生或正在做的事情，基本结构be＋现在分词。如：
肯定句：The robots are making a car now. 这些机器人正在生产小汽车。
否定句：We are not studying on the Internet. 我们没有在互联网上学习。
疑问句：Is the teacher looking up the word in the dictionary？这个老师正在词典中查这个词吗？
特殊疑问句：Ｗho am I talking to？我在和谁谈话？　
２.过去进行时表示过去某一时间，正在发生或正在做的事情。基本结构was（were）＋现在分词。
肯定句：Ｗhen he came in,I was writing a letter.当他进来时，我在写一封信。
否定句：They weren’t watching TV while she was reading.　她读书时，他们没在看电视。
疑问句：Was the UFO flying to us at 8 last night ?昨晚８点UFO向我们飞来了吗？
特殊疑问句：What were you drinking while we were sleeping?我们睡觉时，你们在喝什么？
进行时态往往用在时间状语从句中，常与when,while等连词搭配。
（二.）be sure结构表示肯定和不肯定。be sure一般用来表示肯定，be not sure（whether/if）表示不肯定。
be sure后面可以跟不定式和宾语从句。跟不定式一般译为“一定……”，跟宾语从句，译为“确信……”。
如：
We are sure to repair the TV well. 我们一定修好这台电视机。
I’m sure you can finish your work. 我确信你能完成你的工作。
Are you sure whether（if）he switched the computer on? 你确信他打开还是没有打开电脑？
四.交际用语：学习用英语谈论现代科技。
Could you tell me something about robots?
Can robots take the place of humans?
Are you sure there are UFOs?
Yes,I’m sure.
No,I’m sure whether/if there are UFOs.
What do you often do on the Internet?
　
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