定语从句复习

(共22张PPT)
(定语从句)
1.一棵大树
2.一件红色的裙子
3.一位英语老师
4.一只熟睡中的猫
5.那扇破窗户
a big tree
a red dress
an English teacher
a sleeping cat
that broken window
6.一只睡在沙发上的猫
7.那个叫TOM的男孩
8.那个穿红衣服的女孩
9.桌子上的那本书
10.某件重要的事
a cat sleeping on the sofa
a boy called Tom
the girl in red
the book on the desk
something important
用来修饰名词或代词，对它相应的数量、颜色、大小、外观、形状等等方面做出一个限定或说明。
常见的用来修饰名词的定语一般由三种情况充当：
1、单个词汇。往往处于被修饰词的前面，我们把它叫做前置定语，比如：a new bag, that famous writer等；
2、短语。往往处于被修饰词的后面，我们把它叫做后置定语，比如：a basket full of eggs, a plane made in China, 等；
3、句子。也处于被修饰词的后面，我们通常把它叫做定语从句，是指用一个句子来说明另外一个句子中某个名词或代词的相应性质或状况。
定语
一、当被修饰词是人的时候
1、Jay Chou is a singer.
He is famous all over the country.
Jay Chou is a singer who/that is famous all over the country.
先行词
关系代词
2、Jay Chou is a singer.
Young people like him very much.
Jay Chou is a singer (who/that) young people like very much.
先行词
关系代词
观察、比较、分析：
1.在定语从句部分中与先行词意思一致的名词或代词是否还存在？
2.在上述两个例句中的关系代词在各自的定语从句部分作用是否相同？
Practice:
Can you tell me who is your head teacher Try to describe him using as many sentences as possible.
is short and thin.
wears a pair of glasses.
is nearly 40 years old.
teaches us chemistry.
loves us very much.
we like very much.
we are afraid of .
Our head teacher is the man who / that
Do you know that man The man gave her some money.
The girl is my good friend. I spoke to her just now.
The man is our head teacher. He is about 35 years old.
Do you know that man who/ that gave her some money
The girl who / that I spoke to just now is my good friend.
The man who / that is about 35 years old is our head teacher.
4.Bruce Lee is a film star. He made Chinese Kung-Fu popular in the world.
5.He is the person .He got a full mark in our class.
Bruce Lee is a film star who / that made Chinese Kung-Fu popular in the world.
He is the person who / that got a full mark in our class.
二、当先行词是事物时
1.Scientists will develop some plants. The plants can grow on Mars.
2. The plants can produce food and oxygen . People need food and oxygen.
Scientists will develop some plants that / which can grow on Mars
先行词
关系代词
The plants can produce food and oxygen （that / which ）people need.
先行词
关系代词
思考：1. 当被定语从句修饰的名词也就是先行词是事物时，关系代词与指代人的关系代词有何相同点或不同？说明了什么？
2.比较第一和第二个例句中的关系代词在定语从句部分所起的作用？
Riddles（谜语）
What is the day which / that comes after Saturday
What is the fruit which/ that is yellow inside
What is the vegetable which / that rabbits like to eat
Sunday is the day which / that comes after Saturday.
Banana is the fruit which / that is yellow inside.
The Attributive Clause （定语从句）
在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。
由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此， 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省
略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from
Is this the library from which you borrow
books
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
The scientist we met yesterday is very famous
who in the world.
whom
that
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which

(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, or which.
1 The earthquake ____________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2 We don’t know the number of people __________ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.
3 The house ____________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
4 A house ___________ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.
5Luckily none of the people ___________ I know were killed in the earthquake.
6 people _________ study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.
which/that
who/that
which/that
which/that
who/whom
who
在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：
1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此， 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。
2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whom（作宾语），whose（作定语）
3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）
4 再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whom，指物时，介词后只用which。
5 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who，指物时，只用which。
Rules:
定语从句由关系代词引导，修饰先行词，先行词通常是由名词充当；
当先行词是指人时，关系代词用who或that都可以；
当先行词是指事物的时候，关系代词用which或that都可以；
4.当关系代词所指代的成分在定语从句中做非主语时，关系代词可以省略，但当做主语的时候则并不可以省略。
I like the bag that/ which is blue. (不能省略）
I like the bag (that/which) you bought me.（可以省略）
5. 特殊情况：当先行词是事物但前面有特定的限定词修饰时，一般只用that不用which，此处所谓的限定词主要是指的序数词，形容词最高级，不定代词，以及含有only，many，much，few，any，little的先行词。