必修4 Unit 2 Working the land Grammar 动词ing形式做主语和宾语课件（28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
Working
the
land
Grammar
动词ing形式做
主语和宾语
动词ing
看图完成下面的句子
_______
___________
is
his
favorite
sport.
Playing
basketball
_______
___
____
is
dangerous.
Playing
with
fire
动词ing
看图完成下面的句子
______
___
_____
is
a
good
habit.
Getting
up
early
_______
is
an
art.
Reading
动词-ing形式
主语、宾语
定语、表语
补语、状语
Explanation
Definition
动词的-ing形式在句中可作主语和宾语，起一个名词的作用，我们通常称为
“动名词”。
v-ing
形式
v-ing作主语
Explanation
Explanation
1.
_______(get)
up
early
is
a
good
thing.
2.
_______(say)
without
doing
is
of
no
use.
3.________(waste)
a
person’s
time
is
the
same
as
killing
him
for
his
property.
1)
v-ing形式作主语:
表示抽象的概念，泛指经常性、不具体的动作；通常直接置于句首，谓语动词通常用单数。
Getting
Saying
Wasting
Explanation
2）v-ing做主语时，如果其结构较长，可用形式主语it,
而将做主语的v-ing后置。
1.
It
isn’t
much
good
writing
to
them
again.
2.
It
is
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.
Explanation
把动名词置于句尾的句式有：
It+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
做…是浪费时间的
It
+
is/was
no
good/
use
doing…
做…是没有用的
v-ing形式多位于某些形容词或名词之后
用于该结构的形容词有:
better,
wonderful,
enjoyable,
foolish，interesting,
difficult,
useless,
senseless,
worthwhile等
Explanation
There
is
no
doing
…
无法，不予许…
There
is
no
sense
doing
…
作…没道理
There
is
no
use
doing
…
干…没用的
There
is/
was
nothing
worse
than
doing…
没用比…更糟的了
There
is/was
no
point
doing…
干…无意义
3）v-ing形式用于“There
be”
结构中，此类句型有：
Explanation
1.
His
being
late
for
class
made
Miss
Green
very
angry.
(形容词性的物主代词的所有格形式作逻辑主语)
→
one’s
being
+
adj.
=
n.
2.
Mary’s
being
diligent
can
not
be
denied.
(名词的所有格形式作逻辑主语)
4）v-ing的复合结构作主语时，v-ing的逻辑主语要用名词或形容词性物主代词的所有格，通常不用名词的普通格或代词的宾格。
v-ing形式有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing形式还有主动语态和被动语态。
动词时态
v-ing形式
及物动词
make
不及物动词
go
主动语态
被动语态
主动语态
一般式
完成式
Definition
making
being
made
going
having
made
having
been
made
having
gone
e.g.:
1.
_______（Learn）
English
well
is
very
important
to
all
of
us.
2.
He
was
praised
for
____________（save）
a
boy’s
life.
v-ing形式表示的动作与主要动词的动作同时发生或发生在主要动词动作之后，用一般式；
Definition
Learning
having
saved
v-ing形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用完成式。
动词-ing形式作主语
1)
v-ing形式作主语:
表示抽象的概念，泛指经常性、不具体的动作；通常直接置于句首，谓语动词通常用单数。
Summary
2）v-ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用形式主语it,
而将作主语的v-ing后置。
3）v-ing形式用于“There
be”
结构中
4）v-ing的复合结构作主语时，v-ing的逻辑主语要用名词或形容词性物主代词的所有格，通常不用名词的普通格或代词的宾格。
单句语法填空。
1．________(read)
aloud
is
very
important
in
learning
English.
2．It's
no
use
________(argue)
with
Tom
because
he
will
never
change
his
mind.
3．____________
(not
know)
how
to
use
a
computer
makes
it
more
difficult
for
him
to
do
his
academic
research.
Exercises
Reading
arguing
Not
knowing
Explanation
v-ing作宾语
（一）作动词的宾语
（二）作介词的宾语
1.
I
have
decided
to
stop
_______
(smoke).
2.
He
tried
to
avoid
_________
(answer)their
questions.
后接-ing形式作宾语的动词和动词短语有advise,
admit,
avoid,
appreciate,
consider,
mind,
suggest,
fancy,
deny,
imagine,
finish,
excuse,
enjoy,
permit等
Explanation
smoking
answering
（一）作动词的宾语
1.
I
remembered
to
post
the
letter.
2.
I
remembered
posting/having
posted
the
letter.
Explanation
有些动词后接不定式和v-ing形式作宾语时意义不同：
接不定式作宾语表示尚未发生的动作；接v-ing形式作宾语时表示已经发生的动作。
Attention
1:
Explanation
His
car
wants
____________________(repair).
This
book
is
worth
_______(read).
当want,
need,
require作“需要”含义，be
worth作“值得”含义时：后接v-ing的主动形式作宾语，表示被动意义；want,
need,
require也可接不定式的被动式作宾语(to
be
done)。
Explanation
Attention
2:
repairing/
to
be
repaired
reading
1.
I
don’t
allow
his
swimming
here.
=
I
don’t
allow
him
to
swim
here.
2.
We
advise
their
starting
early.
=
We
advise
them
to
start
early.
在allow,
advise,
forbid,
permit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用v-ing形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语时，然后再跟宾补，其宾补用带有to的不定式。
Explanation
Attention
3:
1.
I
would
like
______(have)a
single
room
with
a
bath.
2.
Jim
would
love
__________(take)
to
the
theatre
this
evening.
would
like/
love/
prefer
其后只接不定式形式作宾语
Explanation
3.
Would
you
mind
my
(me)
closing
the
door?
v-ing的复合结构作宾语时，其逻辑主语可用名词或物主代词的所有格形式，也可用名词的普通格或代词的宾格
Attention
4:
to
have
to
be
taken
1.
I
am
thinking
of
_______(buy)
a
new
dictionary.
2.
Instead
of
________(smile),
each
of
them
made
a
face.
v-ing作介词的宾语，常用在某些短语之后，这类短语有：look
forward
to,
insist
on,
think
of,
give
up,
depend
on,
succeed
on,
devote
to,
instead
of,
be
busy
in等
Explanation
buying
smiling
（二）作介词的宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语
1.后接-ing形式作宾语的动词有advise,
admit,
avoid等
Summary
2.有些动词后接不定式和v-ing形式作宾语时意义不同
3.在want,
need,
require，be
worth后接v-ing的主动形式表示被动意义
4.allow,
advise,
forbid,
permit
+doing/sb’s
doing
allow,
advise,
forbid,
permit
+sb.+to
do
5.
would
like/
love/
prefer
其后只接不定式形式作宾语
6.
v-ing的复合结构作宾语时，其逻辑主语用名词或物主代词的所有格，也可用名词的普通格或代词的宾格
单句改错
1．Please
remember
giving
my
best
regards
to
your
family.
_________________________________________
2．The
boy
was
lucky
to
escape
punished.
_________________________________________
3．We
are
looking
forward
to
finish
the
exam.
_________________________________________
Exercises
giving→to
give
escape后加being
finish→finishing
动词ing形式做主语
1
动词ing形式做宾语
2
Bye-bye