人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters 新题增分检测 Word版含答案（无听力试题）

UNIT
4　NATURAL
DISASTERS
单元检测卷
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2021北京丰台区高一上期中,易)
Volunteer
Day
What
better
way
is
there
to
enjoy
your
own
hobbies
while
helping
others
at
the
same
time?Come
to
Volunteer
Day
and
choose
which
activity
you'd
like
to
join
for
the
day.
See
below
for
a
list
of
volunteer
opportunities
for
Volunteer
Day
so
you
can
begin
thinking
about
which
activity
you
might
want
to
join.
A
list
of
volunteer
activities:
Plant
flowers:Do
you
enjoy
being
outside
in
nature?
City
Parks
Association
has
many
great
opportunities
for
people
who
love
to
be
outdoors.
Help
plant
flowers
and
bushes
in
city
parks,
help
lay
paths
at
Cave
Springs
Park,
or
help
pick
up
rubbish
around
the
river
banks.
These
activities
are
very
active,
so
remember
to
be
prepared
with
plenty
of
drinking
water!
Play
with
animals:Do
you
love
animals?
Lovely
Friends
is
an
organization
that
visits
local
animal
shelters
and
enables
volunteers
to
spend
time
with
the
animals
while
their
cages
are
being
cleaned.
Play
with
puppies,
snuggle
with
cats,
or
hand-feed
rabbits.
Paint
houses:Do
you
enjoy
making
art?
If
so,
this
volunteer
opportunity
might
be
just
right
for
you!
Happy
Homes
is
a
local
organization
that
provides
home
repairs
for
needy
people
in
the
form
of
painting.
For
elderly
or
physically
disabled
people
who
cannot
do
repairs
to
their
homes,
Happy
Homes
enables
volunteer
painters
to
repaint
old
homes,
outside
or
in.
Happy
Homes
also
enables
painters
to
create
beautiful
wall
paintings
inside
schools
or
community
centers.
1.An
outdoor
lover
probably
takes
part
in
　　　.?
A.Plant
flowers　　B.Paint
houses
C.Read
to
children　　D.Play
with
animals
2.What
do
Lovely
Friends
volunteers
do?
A.Read
books
to
children.
B.Spend
time
with
animals.
C.Help
plant
bushes
in
parks.
D.Pick
up
garbage
along
the
river.
3.The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
　　　.?
A.educate
children　　B.attract
volunteers
C.comfort
the
elderly　　D.encourage
the
disabled
B
(2021山东六校高一上第二次阶段性联考,中)
Maggie,
a
girl
of
thirteen
years
old,
lived
on
the
west
coast
of
the
United
States.
She
had
never
experienced
an
earthquake
before;
she
only
prepared
for
it.
As
long
as
she
could
remember,
preparing
for
an
earthquake
was
common
at
her
school.
Her
family
had
made
plans
as
well
in
case
of
a
natural
disaster.
One
day,
Maggie
arrived
home
from
school
at
the
usual
time.
However,
it
was
not
the
same
as
usual.
She
was
home
alone.
Her
mom
would
be
driving
home
on
the
busy
freeway
and
her
dad
was
to
arrive
at
the
airport.
He
was
coming
home
from
a
two-week
business
trip.
After
finishing
her
homework,
Maggie
felt
a
little
hungry,
so
she
went
to
the
kitchen
to
find
something
to
eat.
Just
then
she
felt
a
shake,
then
the
violent
shaking.
Maggie
quickly
ran
under
the
large
table
in
the
dining
room.
The
sounds
of
breaking
glass
and
the
crash
of
many
things
were
deafening,
and
Maggie
hugged
herself
in
fear.
After
what
seemed
like
a
very
long
time,
the
earthquake
appeared
to
be
over.
Maggie
could
hear
the
sound
of
water
rushing
below
her
in
the
basement.
And
there
was
the
smell
of
natural
gas
in
the
air.
Maggie
knew
where
the
main
water
valve(阀门)was
and
how
to
turn
it
off.
Dad
had
ever
shown
her
before.
Slowly
and
carefully
she
came
out
from
under
the
table.
The
once
tidy
home
was
then
almost
unrecognizable.
Walls
had
fallen
down
and
many
things
in
the
room
were
in
a
mess.
As
Maggie
approached
the
open
basement
door,
she
could
see
the
steps.
Carefully
she
made
her
way
down
into
the
dark
basement.
While
placing
her
feet
firmly
on
the
floor,
Maggie
felt
a
sudden
pain
as
a
large
wood
hit
her
head
and
shoulder.
She
fell
unconscious
onto
a
pile
of
boxes.
An
hour
later,
she
woke
up
and
found
her
parents
beside
her.
She
was
happy
that
she
was
still
alive!
4.What
can
we
infer
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.Earthquakes
are
the
main
natural
disasters
in
the
US.
B.Maggie's
parents
taught
her
how
to
survive
in
an
earthquake.
C.Earthquakes
occur
often
in
the
west
of
the
US.
D.Maggie
has
some
self-help
awareness
in
earthquakes.
5.What
does
the
underlined
word
“deafening”
in
Paragraph
3
mean?
A.Very
loud.　　B.Quite
familiar.
C.Very
distant.　　D.Quite
strange.
6.What
can
we
know
about
Maggie?
A.She
was
the
only
child
in
her
family.
B.She
was
not
afraid
at
all
during
the
earthquake.
C.She
was
hurt
when
tuning
off
the
water
valve.
D.She
had
experienced
an
earthquake
before.
7.What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.A
story
of
a
girl
in
an
earthquake.
B.The
importance
of
preparing
for
an
earthquake.
C.The
ways
to
escape
from
an
earthquake.
D.The
danger
of
an
earthquake.
C
(2021天津静海区第一中学高一12月月考,中)
Phoenix,
Arizona,
the
USA
was
shaken
by
a
big
sandstorm
recently.
It
was
a
huge
dust
storm
that
struck
Phoenix
a
little
after
7:00
p.m.
local
time.
Arizona
has
sandstorms
particularly
during
the
monsoon(季风)
season
which
usually
starts
from
mid-June
until
the
end
of
September.
However,
this
was
so
far
the
biggest.
The
cloud
of
dust
turned
day
into
night.
Some
trees
were
downed
and
gardens
were
destroyed
and
it
cut
off
the
power
of
thousands
of
local
people
along
the
area,
but
luckily
no
death
happened.
A
number
of
people's
pools
became
dirty
with
dust.
People
who
lived
in
Phoenix
for
more
than
40
years
said
that
this
was
the
first
time
they
had
experienced
this
huge
dust
storm.
It
could
greatly
influence
people's
health.
The
big
dust
cloud
started
in
Tucson
traveling
north
across
the
desert.
The
huge
storm
ran
up
to
60
miles
per
hour.
It
was
more
than
100
miles
wide
and
a
mile
high.
Besides
Phoenix
and
nearby
cities,
the
storm
also
reached
Yuma
area
in
southwestern
and
far
western
Arizona.
It
reduced
the
visibility
(能见度)
in
these
areas,
putting
off
the
flights
at
Phoenix
Sky
Harbor
International
Airport.
The
storm
only
takes
place
in
Arizona,
the
Sahara
Desert
and
areas
of
the
Middle
East,
because
of
the
dry
environment
and
large
amounts
of
sand.
Because
of
the
serious
shortage
of
rain,
there's
a
large
possibility
that
the
water
is
polluted
because
of
the
storm.
8.In
what
season
do
sandstorms
usually
take
place
in
Arizona?
A.In
fall
and
winter.　　B.In
summer
and
fall.
C.In
winter
and
spring.　　D.In
spring
and
summer.
9.The
underlined
word
“this”
in
Paragraph
2
refers
to
　　　.?
A.the
storm　　B.the
wind　　C.the
desert　　D.the
state
10.It
is
fortunate
that
though
the
big
sandstorm
happened,
　　　.?
A.people's
health
was
not
influenced
B.it
didn't
do
harm
to
people's
gardens
C.all
the
local
people
in
the
area
survived
D.the
electricity
power
was
not
at
all
affected
11.What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.Phoenix,
Arizona
has
more
sandstorms.
B.Sandstorms
do
a
great
deal
of
harm
to
people.
C.We
must
do
something
to
prevent
sandstorms.
D.Phoenix,
Arizona
experienced
a
huge
sandstorm.
D
(2021四川眉山高一上期末,难)
　　There
are
many
gardening
tips.
Some
suggest
playing
music
for
your
houseplants,
having
conversations
with
them,
or
even
giving
them
a
gentle
touch
now
and
then.
Most
of
these
practices
are
probably
more
for
the
benefit
of
the
gardener
than
the
garden,
and
generally
harmless
enough
but
except
the
last
one.
Your
plants
really
dislike
it
when
you
touch
them.
A
new
study
out
of
the
La
Trobe
Institute
for
Agriculture
and
Food
has
found
that
most
plants
are
extremely
sensitive
to
the
touch,
and
even
a
light
touch
can
significantly
stunt(遏制)their
growth.
“The
lightest
touch
from
a
human,
animals,
insects,
or
even
plants'
touching
each
other
in
the
wind,
can
cause
a
huge
gene
response
in
the
plant,”said
Jim
Whelan,
who
led
the
new
study.
“Within
30
minutes
of
being
touched,
10%
of
the
plant's
genome(基因组)can
be
changed.
This
involves
a
huge
expenditure(消耗)of
energy
which
is
taken
away
from
plant
growth.
If
the
touching
is
repeated,
then
plant
growth
is
reduced
by
up
to
30%.”
Whelan
and
his
team
are
still
trying
to
find
out
why
plants
respond,
at
the
genetic
level,
so
strongly.
They
do
have
some
theories,
however.
“We
know
that
when
an
insect
lands
on
a
plant,
genes
are
activated(激活)to
prepare
the
plant
for
defending
itself
against
being
eaten,”
said
Dr.
Yan
Wang,
co-author
of
the
study.
Until
more
research
is
done,
it's
just
a
guess
at
this
point.
Still,
the
findings
might
already
lead
to
new
methods
for
how
agriculturalists
deal
with
their
crops,
to
best
promote
healthier
growth.
It's
worth
noticing
that
while
the
study
has
found
that
plants
often
respond
to
just
a
single
touch
in
negative
ways,
it's
really
repeated
touch
that
causes
lasting
stunted
growth.
That's
because
the
plants
are
looking
for
patterns
in
the
touching,
to
tell
harmful
touch
from
random
touch.
So
it
doesn't
matter
if
you
accidentally
brush
up
against
a
bush
during
a
walk
through
the
woods.
12.How
is
the
passage
mainly
developed?
A.By
comparing.
B.By
giving
examples.
C.By
listing
numbers.
D.By
showing
results
of
studies.
13.Why
can
touching
stunt
a
plant
growing
according
to
the
study?
A.It
leads
to
the
plant's
energy
expenditure.
B.It
makes
the
plant
sensitive
to
threats.
C.It
causes
a
genetic
disorder
in
the
plant.
D.It
prevents
the
plant
absorbing
nutrients.
14.What's
the
importance
of
the
study
by
Whelan
and
his
team?
A.It
gives
us
more
useful
gardening
tips.
B.It
helps
find
ways
to
ensure
plants'
healthy
growth.
C.It
contributes
to
the
further
study
on
genes.
D.It
uses
data
to
warn
people
not
to
touch
plants.
15.What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.Something
is
done
to
help
plants
grow.
B.Plants'
genome
can
be
changed
easily.
C.Plants
don't
really
like
to
be
touched.
D.What
we
do
every
day
may
destroy
plants.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021山东淄博高一上期末,中)
Steps
to
Take
Control
of
Your
Time
Your
time
is
valuable.
Managing
your
work
and
your
life
to
get
everything
done
without
more
stress
is
a
big
challenge.
　16　
Follow
them
so
that
you
can
find
the
best
part
of
your
life.?
?
Set
your
goals.　17　
Get
to
pick
up
the
goals,
whether
they're
what
you're
going
to
finish
today,
this
week,
or
this
month.
Try
to
keep
the
goals
within
something
that's
manageable
and
can
adapt
to
emergencies(紧急情况).?
?　18　
Again,
it's
your
plan,
and
you
get
to
choose
one
that
suits
your
ability.
It
has
to
include
all
your
business
duties
in
addition
to
personal
time.
The
key
is
having
the
rules
to
stick
to
the
plan.
Say
no
when
you
have
to,
and
if
necessary,
try
to
meet
new
demands
for
your
time.?
?
Do
the
right
things
right
by
listing
the
importance
of
your
activities.
The
goal
is
not
to
just
get
things
done,
but
to
finish
what's
most
important
to
you
in
your
work
and
your
life.
　19　?
?
Improve
productivity
by
sharpening
your
concentration
and
focus.
Keep
yourself
away
from
emails,
phone
calls
and
social
media
for
periods
of
time
that
you
arrange.　20　Unless
you're
waiting
for
an
important
message
or
phone
call,
do
not
respond
during
these
periods.?
A.Create
and
follow
a
time
management
plan.
B.Figure
out
how
important
each
of
your
task
is.
C.It
is
important
to
plan
well
to
achieve
your
goal.
D.Do
what
you
can
to
improve
your
work
efficiency.
E.Keep
anything
that
disturbs
your
attention
out
of
easy
reach.
F.Know
where
you
are
today
and
where
you
want
to
be
in
the
future.
G.Here
are
helpful
tips
on
how
to
start
taking
control
of
your
time.
16.　　　
17.　　　
18.　　　
19.　　　
20.　　　?
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东新高考质量联盟联考,难)
When
Hurricane
Laura　21　the
city
of
Lake
Charles,
an
evacuation
(疏散;撤离)
was
ordered.
But
for
the
19
newly-born
babies,
leaving
was
pretty
much
　22　.
Members
at
the
hospital
were
　23　
that
they'd
remain
with
them
until
the
danger
passed.?
With
the
strong
wind
through
the
town,
Dr.
Juan
Bossano
with
14
nurses,
and
some
other
　24　
stayed
behind
in
the
NICU,
　25　
their
little
babies
in
turn.
Later,
for
their
safety,
they
sent
the
babies
to
their
main
campus
across
the
　26　
in
under
two
hours.
The
whole
hospital
went
all
out
to
make
sure
the
babies
and
everything
necessary
safely
made
the
　27　.?
Unfortunately,
during
the
night
the
air
conditioning
was　28　
out
and
water
was
cut
off
in
the
hospital.
Throughout
the
hurricane,
Dr.
Bossano
kept
anxious
parents
calm
by
frequent
　29　
on
his
Facebook
page.?
The
storm
over,
the
babies
were
sent
to
other
NICUs
where
necessary
services
hadn't
been　30　
by
the
hurricane.
“This
morning,
the
babies
were
　31　.
Thank
goodness,
I
finally
got
a
couple
of
hours
of
　32　,”
said
Bossano.
It's
important
to
know
the
devotion
of
all
the
nurses
and
doctors
to
keep
taking
care
of
the
babies
when
they
didn't
even
know
the
　33　
of
their
homes.
“In
a
small
town
like
this,
people
have
to
　34　.
I'm
proud
of
them,”
Bossano
　35　.?
　　　　　　
　　　　　
　　　　　
21.A.arrived　　B.left　　C.hit　　D.beat
22.A.impossible　　B.necessary
C.important　　D.suitable
23.A.frightened　　B.worried　　C.annoyed　　D.determined
24.A.soldiers　　B.parents　　C.doctors　　D.friends
25.A.looking
for　　B.caring
for
C.asking
for　　D.waiting
for
26.A.city　　B.country　　C.school　　D.university
27.A.way　　B.trip　　C.day　　D.plan
28.A.knocked　　B.turned　　C.checked　　D.called
29.A.tips　　B.titles　　C.topics　　D.posts
30.A.applied　　B.trapped　　C.suffered　　D.affected
31.A.dangerous　　B.safe　　C.awake　　D.calm
32.A.sleep　　B.focus
C.energy　　D.entertainment
33.A.content　　B.design　　C.condition　　D.impression
34.A.put
together　　B.come
together
C.pull
together　　D.get
together
35.A.admired　　B.added　　C.introduced　　D.advanced
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021福建三明一中高一下开学检查考试,易)
Earthquakes
are
quite
common.
In
fact,
thousands
of
earthquakes
are
happening
almost
at
every
moment.
However,
most
of　36　
(they)
are
too
weak
to
be
felt.
During
a
big
earthquake,
there
is
often
a
big
noise
first.
Then
the
earth
shakes
　37　
(terrible)
and
many
houses
fall
down.?
As
one
of
the
most
deadly
natural
disasters
in
the
world,
the
earthquake
often
results
　38　many
people
being
injured
or
killed.
In
2008,
a
terrible
earthquake
　39　
(strike)
China's
Sichuan
Province,
causing
severe
casualties(伤亡).?
Besides
the
great
damage
and
deaths　40　(cause)
by
the
earthquake,
other
accidents
such
as
fires
often
follow.
More
buildings
may
be
damaged
and
more
injuries
may
be
caused.
For
　41　(century),
people
have
been
making
studies
of
earthquakes.
About
2,000
years
ago,
for
example,
　42　Chinese
scientist
named
Zhang
Heng
invented
a
machine
　43　could
find
out
the
direction
where
the
earthquake
waves
came.
With
the
rapid
　44　(develop)
of
modern
science
and
technology,
we
now
know
a
lot
more
about
earthquakes.
However,
it
is
still
difficult
for
scientists
　45　(predict)
exactly
when
and
where
the
earthquake
will
happen,
and
we
can't
stop
it
from
happening.?
36.　　　
37.　　　
38.　　　
39.　　　
40.　　　?
41.　　　
42.　　　
43.　　　
44.　　　
45.　　　?
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021北京海淀区高一上期末,中)
假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的美国笔友
Jim
对你校社团的近期活动非常感兴趣。请你用英语给他写一封信,向他介绍你们社团为边远地区的学生提供在线课程的情况。具体内容包括:
1.该活动的目的;
2.该活动的内容;
3.你参与该活动的感受。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:在线课程
online
courses
Dear
Jim,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021河北邢台高一下开学考试,难)
Jackson,
now
a
successful
architect
in
New
York
City,
comes
back
to
his
father's
small
wooden
house
that
is
on
an
island
in
the
middle
of
a
lake
in
New
Hampshire.
Jackson
is
fond
of
fishing.
He
often
takes
his
son
and
daughters
to
fish
in
the
same
place,
where
he
used
to
fish
when
he
was
a
child.
His
children
are
addicted
to
the
fishing
joy,
which
reminds
him
of
the
day
34
years
ago.
34
years
ago,
Jackson
was
11
years
old
and
lived
with
his
family
on
this
island.
On
the
day
before
the
bass
season
opened,
Jackson
and
his
father
were
fishing
early
in
the
evening,
catching
sunfish.
When
his
fishing
rod
doubled
over,
he
knew
something
huge
was
on
the
other
end.
He
very
carefully
lifted
the
fish
from
the
water.
It
was
the
largest
one
he
had
ever
seen,
but
it
was
a
bass.
The
boy
and
his
father
looked
at
the
handsome
fish,
its
gills
playing
back
and
forth
in
the
moonlight.
The
father
lit
a
match
and
looked
at
his
watch.
It
was
10
pm—two
hours
before
the
season
opened.
He
looked
at
the
huge
fish,
then
at
the
boy.
“You'll
have
to
put
the
fish
back,
son,”
he
said.
“Dad!”
cried
the
boy.
“There
will
be
other
fish,”
said
his
father.
“Not
as
big
as
this
one,”
the
boy
cried
and
shouted.
He
looked
around
the
lake.
No
other
fishermen
or
boats
were
anywhere
around
in
the
moonlight.
He
looked
again
at
his
father.
Even
though
no
one
had
seen
them,
nor
could
anyone
ever
know
what
time
he
caught
the
fish,
the
boy
could
tell
from
his
father's
voice
clearly
that
the
decision
couldn't
be
changed.
The
father
patted
him
slightly
on
his
shoulder
and
sincerely
taught
him,
“My
boy,
rules
are
a
simple
matter
of
right
and
wrong.
It
is
the
practice
of
rules
that
is
difficult,
but
it's
your
choice.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph
1:
Jackson
found
himself
in
a
difficult
situation.　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
Paragraph
2:
Do
we
do
right
when
no
one
is
looking?　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
答案全解全析
1.A
2.B
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.A
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.D
12.D
13.A
14.B
15.C
16.G
17.F
18.A
19.B
20.E
21.C
22.A
23.D
24.C
25.B
26.A
27.B
28.A
29.D
30.D
31.B
32.A
33.C
34.C
35.B
36.them　37.terribly　38.in　39.struck　40.caused
41.centuries　42.a　43.which/that　44.development
45.to
predict
第一部分　阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了在志愿者日这一天有哪些可以参加的活动,并分别介绍了活动内容。
1.A　细节理解题。根据Plant
flowers部分关键句“Do
you
enjoy
being
outside
in
nature?
City
Parks
Association
has
many
great
opportunities
for
people
who
love
to
be
outdoors.”可知,Plant
flowers为喜欢户外活动的人提供了很多好机会。由此可知,一个户外活动爱好者可能会参加Plant
flowers。故选A项。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Play
with
animals部分关键句“Lovely
Friends
is
an
organization
that
visits
local
animal
shelters
and
enables
volunteers
to
spend
time
with
the
animals
while
their
cages
are
being
cleaned.”可知,Lovely
Friends的志愿者需要做的工作是当动物的笼子被打扫时,和动物待在一起,照顾它们。故选B项。
3.B　推理判断题。根据文章内容及第一段“What
better
way
is
there
to
enjoy
your
own
hobbies
while
helping
others
at
the
same
time?
Come
to
Volunteer
Day
and
choose
which
activity
you'd
like
to
join
for
the
day.”可知,文章主要介绍了在志愿者日这一天有哪些可以参加的活动,并分别介绍了活动内容,目的是吸引志愿者加入其中。故选B项。
【高频词汇】　1.lay
v.铺放;放置　2.pick
up捡起;拾起;用车接某人;得,染(某种疾病);(在实践中)学得(某门外语或技术);接收(信号)　3.shelter
n.庇护所;藏身处　4.in
the
form
of以……形式　5.elderly
adj.上了年纪的　6.disabled
adj.有残疾的　7.community
n.社区;团体;共同体
长难句分析
原句　Lovely
Friends
is
an
organization
that
visits
local
animal
shelters
and
enables
volunteers
to
spend
time
with
the
animals
while
their
cages
are
being
cleaned.
分析　本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Lovely
Friends
is
an
organization。that
visits
local
animal
shelters
and
enables
volunteers
to
spend
time
with
the
animals
while
their
cages
are
being
cleaned是一个定语从句,修饰先行词organization,
其中,while
their
cages
are
being
cleaned为时间状语从句。
句意　“可爱的朋友”是一个拜访当地动物收容所的组织,并在动物们的笼子被清理的时候使志愿者能够陪伴动物们。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的小女孩Maggie在地震中的经历。
4.D　推理判断题。由文章第一段中的“As
long
as
she
could
remember,preparing
for
an
earthquake
was
common
at
her
school.”可推知,Maggie有在地震中自救的意识,故选D项。A项:地震是美国主要的自然灾害。C项:美国西部经常发生地震。根据第一段第二句“She
had
never
experienced
an
earthquake
before;
she
only
prepared
for
it.她以前从来没有经历过地震,她只是为它做准备。”可知,A、C两项错误。B项:Maggie的父母教过她怎样在地震中活下来。根据第一段最后一句“Her
family
had
made
plans
as
well
in
case
of
a
natural
disaster.她的家人也制订了计划,以防发生自然灾害。”可知,B项说法与原文所述不一致。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just
then
she
felt
a
shake,
then
the
violent
shaking...Maggie
hugged
herself
in
fear.”可知,猛烈的摇晃,玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕,故可知deafening意为“震耳欲聋的”,故选A项。B项:很熟悉的;C项:很遥远的;D项:很奇怪的。
6.C　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Maggie
could
hear
the
sound
of
water
rushing
below
her
in
the
basement.”和第五段最后一句“Carefully
she
made
her
way
down
into
the
dark
basement.”及第六段第一句“While
placing
her
feet
firmly
on
the
floor,
Maggie
felt
a
sudden
pain
as
a
large
wood
hit
her
head
and
shoulder.”可知,Maggie在关水阀的时候被木头砸伤了,故选C项。
7.A　主旨大意题。本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的小女孩Maggie在地震中的经历,故选A项。B项:为地震做准备的重要性;C项:从地震中逃生的方法;D项:地震的危险。B、C、D三项均不是本文表达的主旨。
【高频词汇】　1.in
case
of以免;以防　2.violent
adj.猛烈的;剧烈的
　3.basement
n.地下室　4.tidy
adj.整齐的;整洁的
5.unrecognizable
adj.变得难以辨认的;无法识别的　6.in
a
mess乱七八糟;凌乱　7.approach
v.靠近,接近;着手处理
n.方法;道路;通路　8.unconscious
adj.没有知觉的;无意识的
长难句分析
原句　While
placing
her
feet
firmly
on
the
floor,
Maggie
felt
a
sudden
pain
as
a
large
wood
hit
her
head
and
shoulder.
分析　本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Maggie
felt
a
sudden
pain。While
placing
her
feet
firmly
on
the
floor为时间状语从句的省略,省略了主语Maggie和be动词was;as
a
large
wood
hit
her
head
and
shoulder为as引导的原因状语从句。
句意　正当她稳稳地把脚放在地板上时,由于一块大木头击中了她的头和肩膀,她感到一阵突如其来的疼痛。
C
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了美国亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯市最近遭受了一场沙尘暴的袭击。
8.B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Arizona
has
sandstorms
particularly
during
the
monsoon
season
which
usually
starts
from
mid-June
until
the
end
of
September.”可知,在亚利桑那州,沙尘暴通常在6月中旬至9月末出现。故选B项(在夏季和秋季)。A项:在秋季和冬季;C项:在冬季和春季;D项:在春季和夏季。
9.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Arizona
has
sandstorms
particularly
during
the
monsoon(季风)
season
which
usually
starts
from
mid-June
until
the
end
of
September.”可知,此处是说居住在菲尼克斯市40多年的人们说,这是他们第一次经历这种巨大的沙尘暴,由此可知,this指的就是上文提到的沙尘暴。故选A项。B项:这场风;C项:这个沙漠;D项:这个州。
10.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The
cloud
of
dust
turned
day
into
night.
Some
trees
were
downed,
gardens
were
destroyed
and
it
cut
off
the
power
of
thousands
of
local
people
along
the
area,
but
luckily
no
death
happened.”可知,最幸运的是在这场沙尘暴中所有人都幸存下来了。故选C项。
11.D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Phoenix,
Arizona,
the
USA
was
shaken
by
a
big
sandstorm
recently.”及全文内容可知,文章主要讲了菲尼克斯市最近遭受的一场沙尘暴。故选D项。A项:亚利桑那州菲尼克斯市有更多的沙尘暴;B项:沙尘暴对人们造成了很多危害;A、B两项只是文中涉及的两个方面,不能作为整篇文章的主旨。C项:我们必须做些什么来防止沙尘暴,本文没有提到预防沙尘暴的措施,故C项错误。
【高频词汇】　1.sandstorm
n.沙暴　2.cut
off切断;断绝
3.influence
v.影响　4.put
off推迟　5.shortage
n.缺乏;缺少
D
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了虽然我们平时很喜欢触摸植物,但是研究表明,植物真的不喜欢被触摸。
12.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的A
new
study
out
of
the
La
Trobe
Institute
for
Agriculture
and
Food
has
found
that
most
plants
are
extremely
sensitive
to
touch和第三段中的Whelan
and
his
team
are
still
trying
to
find
out
why
plants
respond以及第四段中的Until
more
research
is
done,
it's
just
a
guess
at
this
point.可知,本文主要是通过展示研究成果来展开语篇的,故选D项。
13.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的This
involves
a
huge
expenditure(消耗)of
energy
which
is
taken
away
from
plant
growth.
If
the
touching
is
repeated,
then
plant
growth
is
reduced
by
up
to
30%.可知,这包括从植物生长中带走的巨大的能量消耗。如果重复触碰,植物生长速度将减缓多达30%。因此触摸会消耗植物的能量,故选A项。
14.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Whelan
and
his
team
are
still
trying
to
find
out
why
plants
respond,
at
the
genetic
level,
so
strongly.(Whelan和他的团队仍在试图找出为什么植物在基因水平上的反应如此强烈。)及第四段Until
more
research
is
done...to
best
promote
healthier
growth.(在做更多的研究之前,此时这只是一个猜测,尽管如此,这些发现可能已经为农学家如何处理他们的作物带来了新的方法,以最好地促进更健康的生长。)可知,Whelan和他的团队研究的重要性在于它有助于找到确保植物健康生长的方法,故选B项。
15.C　主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段最后一句Your
plants
really
dislike
it
when
you
touch
them.可知,本文主要介绍了植物真的不喜欢被触摸,故选C项。
【高频词汇】1.for
the
benefit
of为了……的利益　2.harmless
adj.无害的　3.sensitive
adj.敏感的　4.significantly
adv.显著地,明显地　5.take
away带走　6.respond
v.回应,作出反应
7.defend
v.保护,防御　8.promote
v.促进,推动　9.negative
adj.消极的,负面的　10.random
adj.随机的,随意的
第二节
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要就如何控制时间提出了一些建议。
16.G　上文“Managing
your
work
and
your
life
to
get
everything
done
without
more
stress
is
a
big
challenge.”提出毫无压力地管理好自己的工作和生活是一个巨大的挑战。选项G“这些是关于如何开始控制时间的有用建议。”承接上文,引出下文“Follow
them
so
that
you
can
find
the
best
part
of
your
life.”,达到承上启下的作用。G选项中taking
control
of
your
time和上文中Managing
your
work
and
your
life语义相关。故选G项。
17.F　由上文“Set
up
your
goals.”可知本段讲的是设定目标,选项F“知道你今天(的目标)在哪里,你将来想达成(的目标)在哪里。”承接上文,说明要了解自己现在的目标和将来要达到的目标,引出下文“Get
to
pick
up
the
goals,
whether
they're
what
you're
going
to
finish
today,
this
week,
or
this
month.”。F选项中today、in
the
future和下文中today,
this
week,
or
this
month语义相关。故选F项。
18.A　由下文“Again,
it's
your
plan,
and
you
get
to
choose
one
that
suits
your
ability.
It
has
to
include
all
your
business
duties
in
addition
to
personal
time.
The
key
is
having
the
rules
to
stick
to
the
plan.”可知本段讲的是制订计划并遵守计划,选项A“制订并遵从时间管理计划。”位于段首,点明本段主题。选项A“Create
and
follow
a
time
management
plan.”和下文中get
to
choose
one
that
suits
your
ability以及having
the
rules
to
stick
to
the
plan语义相关。选项C“为了实现你的目标,做好计划是很重要的。”只提到了“制订”而未提到“遵守”,故排除C。故选A项。
19.B　由上文“Do
the
right
things
right
by
listing
the
importance
of
your
activities.
The
goal
is
not
to
just
get
things
done,
but
to
finish
what's
most
important
to
you
in
your
work
and
your
life.”可知本段是讲做事要突出重点,选项B“弄清楚每项任务的重要性。”作为本段最后的总结,其中important和上文中importance及important语义一致。故选B项。
20.E　由上文“Keep
yourself
away
from
emails,
phone
calls
and
social
media
for
periods
of
time
that
you
arrange.”可知在安排的时间里要远离干扰你的注意力的东西,选项E“把任何干扰你注意力的东西放在不容易够着的地方。”承接上文,进一步说明怎样处理干扰的东西,选项中out
of
easy
reach和上文中Keep
yourself
away语义相关。故选E项。
【高频词汇】　1.valuable
adj.有价值的;宝贵的　2.challenge
n.挑战　3.manageable
adj.易管理的;易控制的　4.adapt
to
适应　5.in
addition
to
除了……;除……之外　6.stick
to坚持;粘住　7.concentration
n.专心;专注;集中　8.respond
v.回答,回应;作出反应
第二部分　语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了飓风劳拉袭击莱克查尔斯市时,在民众都撤离的情况下,医院的医护人员照顾19个无法离开的新生婴儿的故事,体现了医护人员的奉献精神。
21.C　句意:当飓风劳拉袭击莱克查尔斯市时,政府下令民众撤离。arrive到达;leave离开;hit袭击,侵袭;beat打败,战胜。自然灾害“袭击;侵袭”某个地方时,常用动词hit。故选C。
22.A　句意:但对于这19个新生儿来说,离开几乎是不可能的。
impossible不可能的;necessary必须的;
important重要的;
suitable合适的。根据本句中的But可知,该句和上一句构成转折。由此推知,在政府下令人们撤离的情况下,19个新生儿无法离开。故选A。
23.D　句意:医院的工作人员决定,在危险过去之前,他们会留下陪在孩子们身边。frightened害怕的;worried担心的;annoyed生气的,恼怒的;determined下定决心的,坚定的。根据“they'd
remain
with
them
until
the
danger
passed”可知,19个新生儿不可能离开,医院的工作人员决定要陪在这些孩子身边。故选D。
24.C　句意:大风吹过小镇,胡安·博萨诺医生和14名护士以及一些其他医生留在新生儿重症监护病房,轮流照顾小婴儿。soldier战士;parent父亲(或母亲);doctor医生;friend朋友。根据上一段中的“Members
at
the
hospital
were
　23　
that
they'd
remain
with
them”可知,陪伴孩子的是医院里的工作人员。结合选项,只有C选项符合条件。故选C。?
25.B　句意同上题。look
for寻找;care
for照顾,关心,喜欢;ask
for请求;wait
for等待。根据常识,此处指医生和护士照顾新生儿们。最后一段中的“taking
care
of
the
babies”也是提示。故选B。
26.A　句意:随后,为了孩子们的安全,他们在不到两小时的时间里横跨了整个城市把孩子们送到了主院区。city城市;country国家;school学校;university大学。根据第一段中的“the
city
of
Lake
Charles”可知,Lake
Charles是个城市。因此该处指他们在不到两小时的时间里横跨了整个城市把孩子们送到了主院区。故选A。
27.B　句意:整个医院都竭尽全力确保婴儿和所有必要的东西都能安全运送。way方式;trip旅行;
day天;plan计划。将婴儿们送到主院区是一次“旅行”。故选B。
28.A　句意:不幸的是,在夜间,医院的空调被破坏了,供水也被切断了。根据“Unfortunately”和“water
was
cut
off”可以推知,空调被破坏了,不运转了。knock
out意为“破坏”。飓风破坏了空调,符合语境。故选A。
29.D　句意:在整个飓风期间,博萨诺医生通过频繁地在他的Facebook页面上发帖,让焦虑的家长们冷静下来。tip建议;title标题;topic话题;post帖子。根据空后的“his
Facebook
page”可知,博萨诺医生在他的Facebook页面上发帖安慰那些焦虑的父母。故选D。
30.D　句意:风暴过后,这些婴儿被送到了其他新生儿重症监护病房,在那里必需服务没有受到飓风的影响。apply申请;trap困住;suffer遭受;affect影响。根据常识,婴儿们当然要被送到必需服务没有受到飓风影响的新生儿重症监护病房。故选D。
31.B　此处指今天早上,婴儿们都安全了。dangerous危险的;safe安全的;
awake醒着的;calm平静的,冷静的。根据后面的“Thank
goodness”可知,婴儿们终于安全了。故选B。
32.A　此处指谢天谢地,“我”终于睡了几个小时。sleep睡眠;focus焦点,中心;energy精力,能量;
entertainment娱乐。飓风过去了,婴儿们安然无恙,照看他们的医生终于可以睡几个小时了。故选A。
33.C　此处指了解所有护士和医生的奉献精神是很重要的,当甚至不知道自己家的情况时,他们一直在照顾这些婴儿。content内容;design设计;condition情况,条件;impression印象。故选C。
34.C　此处指在这样的小镇上,人们必须团结一致。put
together组合;come
together一起来;pull
together齐心协力;get
together聚集,聚会。故选C。
35.B　句意:“在这样一个小镇上,人们必须团结起来。我为他们感到骄傲,”博萨诺补充道。admire羡慕;
add补充说;introduce介绍,引入;advance提出。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.remain
v.留下;逗留;仍然是　2.in
turn轮流
3.campus
n.(学校、医院等机构的)场地;大学校园　4.go
all
out
to
do
sth.全力以赴做某事　5.devotion
n.奉献;献身
第二节
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上最致命的自然灾害之一——地震,它给人们带来的灾难以及为研究地震科学家所付出的努力。
36.them　考查人称代词。句意:然而,大多数地震太微弱了以至于感觉不到。介词of后面用代词宾格。故填them。
37.terribly　考查副词。句意:然后,大地剧烈地震动,许多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是谓语动词,应用副词修饰。故填terribly。
38.in　考查介词。句意:作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一,地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。result
in导致,造成。故填in。
39.struck　考查动词时态。句意:在2008年,一场可怕的地震袭击了中国四川省,造成了严重的人员伤亡。根据In
2008可知,句子用一般过去时,动词strike的过去式是struck。故填struck。
40.caused　考查过去分词。句意:除了地震造成的巨大破坏和死亡,其他事故如火灾经常随之而来。句中the
great
damage
and
deaths和cause之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
41.centuries　考查名词的数。句意:几个世纪以来,人们一直在研究地震。所给词century是可数名词,空前无限定词,根据句意可知这里指“几个世纪”,所以用名词复数。故填centuries。
42.a　考查冠词。句意:例如,大约2,000年前,一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器,这种机器可以弄清地震波的方向。这里表示“一位名叫张衡的中国科学家”,表泛指,Chinese是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
43.which/that　考查定语从句。句意:例如,大约2,000年前,一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器,这种机器可以弄清地震波是从哪里来的。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词machine,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,由关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
44.development　考查名词。句意:随着现代科学技术的快速发展,我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。空前rapid是形容词,修饰名词,故填development。
45.to
predict　考查动词不定式。句意:然而,科学家们仍然难以准确预测地震发生的时间和地点,我们也无法阻止地震的发生。句中第一个it是形式主语,此处动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to
predict。
【高频词汇】　1.common
adj.普通的;常见的　2.fall
down倒塌　3.deadly
adj.致命的　4.result
in导致,造成　5.severe
adj.严重的;严厉的
第三部分　写作
第一节
One
possible
version:
Dear
Jim,?
How
is
it
going?
I'm
glad
to
know
you're
interested
in
the
activities
of
our
student
clubs.
Frankly,
the
one
that
impresses
me
most
is
the
online
courses
we
offer
to
help
middle
school
students
in
remote
areas
in
China.Our
courses
cover
a
wide
variety
of
subjects,
including
Chinese,
English,
math,
physics,
history,
and
so
on.
We
also
organize
some
students
to
answer
questions
online
every
Saturday
afternoon.
I
feel
proud
of
helping
the
students
in
need.
Do
you
have
anything
similar
in
your
school?
Write
back
and
share
with
me!
Yours,
Li
Hua?
第二节
写作指导
故事
要素
Character
Jackson
and
his
father
Place
On
the
island
in
the
middle
of
a
lake
Time
An
evening
34
years
ago
What
When
he
was
11,
Jackson
went
fishing
with
his
father.
He
caught
a
huge
bass,
but
his
father
demanded
he
put
it
back
to
the
lake
because
it
was
two
hours
before
the
bass
season
opened.
情节
Beginning
Jackson回到了父亲的小木屋,它坐落在湖中心的小岛上。他经常带他的儿子和女儿去他小时候常去的地方钓鱼,他们也都很喜欢钓鱼。Jackson回想起了34年前的一天。
Development
Jackson在一个傍晚和父亲去钓鱼,他钓到了一条鲈鱼,非常兴奋。没想到的是,父亲要求Jackson把这条鱼放回湖里,因为离开放捕捞鲈鱼的时间还有两个小时,他必须遵守规定,
即使没有人看到他们。
续写
方向
Para.
1
Jackson
found
himself
in
a
difficult
situation.
①Why
did
Jackson
find
himself
in
a
hard
situation?
②What
decision
did
he
make
finally?
Para.
2
Do
we
do
right
when
no
one
is
looking?
①What
lesson
did
Jackson
learn
from
the
incident?
②What
did
Jackson
think
of
his
father?
③What
else
did
Jackson
think
about?
One
possible
version:
Paragraph
1:
Jackson
found
himself
in
a
difficult
situation.
He
really
wanted
to
keep
this
largest
bass
in
his
heart
of
hearts.
However,
his
father
was
so
determined
that
he
had
no
choice
but
to
give
it
up.
Tears
welling
up
in
his
eyes,
he
tried
to
hold
them
back
but
it
was
useless.
He
took
a
final
look
at
the
fish
as
if
he
were
saying
goodbye
to
the
fish,
and
then
he
slowly
put
the
huge
bass
back
to
the
lake.
Paragraph
2:
Do
we
do
right
when
no
one
is
looking?I
think
that
if
I
had
been
taught
to
put
the
fish
back
when
I
was
young,
I
would
have
learned
the
truth.
I
am
very
grateful
to
my
father
for
teaching
me
such
a
valuable
lesson.
The
decision
to
do
right
keeps
fresh
and
pleasant
in
my
memory.
It's
nothing
about
others
but
only
about
ourselves,
as
well
as
our
honesty.
So,
even
if
no
one
is
looking
at
us,
we
shouldn't
break
the
rules
and
do
wrong.
If
everyone
in
the
world
behaves
just
like
this,
the
future
of
the
world
will
be
better
and
better.