Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?语法讲义-----优化版(含答案）2021-2022学年人教版英语八年级上册

八上U5语法讲义
动词不定式作宾语
1.?动词不定式的一般结构是“to+动词原形”，其否定形式为“not
to+动词原形”。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。
2.?用作宾语的动词不定式，常用在某些及物动词后构成动宾短语。
plan/ask/choose/agree/expect/hope/decide/learn/
prefer/know/wish/want/would
like/would
love
习题：
1.根据中文意思补全句子。
听完了本节目，你是否打算去云南旅行呢？
Do
you
plan
______
______
______
trip
to
Yunnan
after
this
programme?
答案：to
have/take/make
a
2.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。（不限词数）
When
he
was
cooking,
he
heard
a
big
noise
in
the
room
next
to
his.
He
decided
______
(find)
out
what
happened.
答案：to
find
At
first,
the
king
promised
______（help）
this
small
country,
but
later
he
refused
______
(do)
so.
答案：to
do
3.-Jim,
the
TV
in
your
room
was
still
on
after
you
left
this
morning.
-Sorry,
mom.
I
forgot
______
it
off.
A.to
turn
B.turning
C.turned
D.turn
解析：根据句意可知，Jim早上忘记关电视了，所以应用forget
to
do
sth.，意为“忘记要去做某事（没有做）”。
形容词同级比较的用法
as...as…意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。
其基本结构为：as+?adj./adv.?+as，其否定式为not
as/so
+adj./adv.?+as.
1.?结构as+adj./adv.+as，表示两者相比较，程度相同。
The
old
man
walks
as
fast
as
a
young
man.
这位老人走路与年轻人一样快。
Science
is
as
important
as
maths.
自然科学与数学一样重要。
2.?结构not
as/so+adj./adv.+as，表示两者相比较，前者不如后者。
She
doesn't
run?as/so?fast
as
I.
她没有我跑得快。
This
dictionary
is
not
as/so
useful
as
you
think.?这本字典不如你想的那么有用。
否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词可与“less+形容词原级+than”结构互换
He
thinks
Chinese
isn't
as
interesting
as
English.
=
He
thinks
Chinese
is
less
interesting
than
English.?
习题：
1.完成句子。
潜水没有游泳那么容易。
Diving
is
not
so
______
______
swimming.
答案：easy
as
2.Sam
worked
out
the
problem
in
only
three
minutes.
It's
not
as
______
as
he
thought.
A.?easy
B.?easier
C.?hard
D.?harder
解析：结合题干可知，本题考查形容词同级比较的否定结构：not
as/so+形容词原级+as，表示两者相比较，前者不如后者，可排除B、D；再根据Sam
worked
out
the
problem
in
only
three
minutes.可推知后一句表达：它没有想象的那么难。
3.完成句子。
计算机现在很普通，它们不像以前那么贵了。
Computers
are
very
popular
now
and
they
are
______
______
______
as
before.
答案：not
so/as
expensive
4.按要求改写句子。
Many
boy
students
think
math
is
less
difficult
than
English.?（改为同义句）
Many
boy
students
think
math
isn't
______
______
______
English.
答案：so/as
difficult
as
介词with的用法
表示“拥有某物；具有（品质、特征）”
Mary
married
a
man
with
a
lot
of
money.Mary嫁给了一个很有钱的男人。
表示“与……在一起；和”
The
old
man
lived
with
a
little
dog
on
the
small
island.这个老人和一条小狗住在小岛上。
表示用某种工具或手段
Tom
drew
the
picture
with
a
pencil.Tom用铅笔画画。
四、常用短语
make
friends
with
sb.?与某人做朋友
talk
with
sb.?与某人交谈
help
sb.
with
sth.?在某方面帮助某人
play
with...?和……玩
with?sb's
help=
with
the
help
of
sb.在某人的帮助下
五、with+名词（+形容词/介词短语）表示伴随关系
Tom
sleeps?with
his
mouth
open.
Tom张着嘴睡觉。
习题：1.You?can
cut
it
______
a
knife.
use
B.on
C.with
D.in
2.he
is
used
to
living
______
her
parents
in
a
small
flat.
use
B.on
C.with
D.at
3.翻译句子。
我的自行车坏了，在我好朋友的帮助下很快就修好了。
There
was
something
wrong
______
my
bike.
______
the
help
of
my
good
friends,
it
was
mended
soon.
答案：with，with
4.根据中文意思补全句子。
他40出头儿，高高的个子，棕色的头发，一双天蓝色眼睛。
He
is
a
tall
man
in
his
early
forties
______
brown
hair
and
bright
blue
eyes.
答案：with
like作介词的用法：
1.
like作介词时意为“像（如同）……一样；如……般的”，后面一般都接sb./sth./动名词(doing
sth.)。
如：It's
not
like
you
to
take
offense.?你不像会发脾气的人。
2.?“系动词+like”意为“像……一样；跟……一样”。
相关搭配：be
like/look
like?后接名词或代词作宾语。
3.?（询问意见）……怎么样?
如：What's
it
like
studying
in
Spain?
在西班牙念书怎么样？
习题：
根据中文提示完成句子。
学生对于被当作像小孩子一样对待感到气愤。
Students
were
angry
at
being
treated
______
children.
答案：like/as
虽然Karen和我来自不同的家庭，但是我们亲如姐妹。
Although?Karen?and
I?come
from
different
families,
we
are
______
______.
答案：like
sisters
以ing结尾的形容词
以ing结尾的形容词一般表示“令人……的”或者“正在……的”，通常用来修饰事或物。例如：exciting,
boring,
frightening,
disappointing,
interesting,
developing等。
The
film
is
so
interesting
that
I
want
to
see
it
again.?
这部电影如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。
习题：
1.His
performance
at
the
meeting?was?______,
which
made
his
leader
______.
disappointing;
disappointed
B.disappointed;
disappointed
disappointed;
disappointing?
D.disappointing;
disappointing
2.用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
It?is?a?______
(tire)
but
______
(excite)
trip.
I
will
never
forget
the
trip.
答案：tiring；exciting
Can't
we
do
something
more
______?
(interest)
答案：interesting