2021-2022学年初升高英语语法之动词的时态和语态学案（无答案）

动词的时态语态
在英语中，不同的时间里以不同方式发生的动作或存在的状态要用动词不同的形式表示出来，动词的这种不同形式构成了动词的时态。一般来说，发生在现在的事情用现在的时态进行描述；发生在过去的事情就用过去的时态进行描述；将要发生的事情用将来的时态进行描述。
以do为例的各种时态如下：
一般
进行
完成
过去完成
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
以do为例对应的被动语态：
一般
进行
完成
过去完成
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
1）一般现在时
表示客观真理、客观存在及自然现象（不受时态限制）
Knowledge
_______
(be)
power.
知识就是力量。
China
_______
(lie)
in
the
east
of
Asia.
中国位于亚洲东部。
In
summer,
days
_______
(be)
longer
than
nights
and
in
winter
it
is
the
opposite.
夏天白天比夜晚长，冬天相反。
表示现状、性质时，多用系动词或状态动词；表示习惯性、经常性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用，如often经常
usually
通常
always
总是
never
从不
every
day
每天
once
a
week
每周一次
sometimes
有时
seldom
很少。
Where
do
you
live
and
where
do
you
work?
你住在什么地方？在哪里工作？
What
does
your
brother
do?
你哥哥是干什么工作的？
Ice
_______
(feel)
cold.
He
always
_______
(go)
to
work
late,
which
make
the
boss
angry
and
disappointed.
He
usually
_______
(get)
up
at
six
o’clock
every
morning.
Nowadays,
wild
animals
_______
(protect)
much
better
than
before.
时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替一般将来时
If
it
doesn’t
rain,
we’ll
go
on
a
picnic
as
planned.
如果不下雨，我们将按计划去野餐。
I
will
go
with
you
as
soon
as
I
finish
my
homework.
If
you
don’t
go
there,
I
won’t,
either.
I
won’t
speak
to
him
unless
he
_______
(apologize)
to
me.
I
won’t
give
in
whatever
difficulties
I
meet
in
the
future.
As
soon
as
she
_______
in
Nanning,
she
will
call
you.
arrives
B.
arrive
C.
will
arrive
D.
arrived
As
long
as
the
whole
of
our
society
_______
trying,
we
will
make
our
skies
blue
again.
keeps
B.
will
keep
C.
kept
2）现在进行时
is/
am/
are
doing
表示正在进行的动作或正处于的状态，常与now,
right
now,
at
present,
at
this
moment，Look!
Listen!连用。
The
telephone
_______
(ring).
Would
you
answer
it,
please?
电话在响，你能否接一下？
Now
watch
carefully
and
see
what
_______
(happen)
in
the
experiment.
现在仔细观察，看在实验中发生着什么现象。
What
are
you
_______
(do)
now,
Bob?
鲍勃，你现在正在干什么？
Listen!
Two
birds
_______
(sing)
there.
Don’t
take
the
computer
away.
I
_______
(use)
it
now.
These
days
people
_______
(call)
to
ask
me
about
my
winning
lottery.
表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻动作不一定正在进行。此种情况下常用的时间状语有：these
days,
the
month,
this
term,
this
semester等。
George
is
working
on
a
new
book
about
stories
in
schools.
乔治在写一本关于校园故事的新书。
I
am
helping
my
dad
on
the
farm
this
summer
vacation.
这个暑假我在农场里给爸爸帮忙。
I
am
visiting
Guangzhou
this
week.
我本周正在游览广州。
少数位移动词如come,
go,
leave,
arrive,
fly,
return,
start,
begin,
open,
close,
end,
stop,
see
off,
take
off等用现在进行时表将来。
Are
you
staying
in
Guangzhou
for
a
week?
你将在广州待一周吗？
I
am
taking
my
daughter
to
the
Central
Park
this
Saturday.
这个周六我将带女儿去中央公园。
Summer
__________
(come).
夏天要来了。
高频考点！现在进行时也是考查频率很高的一种时态，题目中往往会有明显的提示词、时间状语或语境。
--
May
I
use
your
computer?
--
Sorry.
I
_______
on
it.
work
B.
am
working
C.
have
worked
3）现在完成时
have/has
done
表示事件始于过去持续到现在，或强调过去动作对现在的影响。常见的时间状语有already,
yet（用于否定句和疑问句）,
lately,
recently,
up
to
now,
so
far,
until
now,
since
(then),
ever
since,
for+时间段，during/
in/
over
the
last
(past)
few
years
(months/
weeks)等。
This
is
a
difficult
problem.
I
haven’t
found
(find)
a
solution
yet.
I
haven’t
heard
(hear)
from
him
recently.
His
novels
__________
(translate)
into
eight
languages
so
far.
I
graduated
in
2000,
and
I
__________
(work)
here
ever
since.
In
the
past
ten
years,
great
changes
__________
(take)
place
in
our
hometown.
They
__________
(live)
here
since
they
moved
here
two
years
ago.
强调直到现在为止的生活经历。
常与never,
ever,
once,
twice或three
times等连用，可以用how
many
times提问，谓语用延续性动词。
He
has
never
been
late
for
school.
--
Have
you
ever
climbed
that
mountain?
--
Yes,
several
times.
--How
many
times
have
you
ever
been
to
England?
--
Only
once.
have
gone
to与have
been
to的区别
have
gone
to表示“去而未归”，
而have
been
to表示“去过”
It
can’t
be
John.
He
has
gone
to
town.
John
knows
the
way
well.
He
has
been
to
the
city
before.
--
Lucy,
is
your
uncle
a
teacher?
--
Yes,
he
is.
He
_______
history
for
nearly
20
years.
teaches
B.
has
taught
C.
is
teaching
D.
will
teach
--Paris
is
a
wonderful
place.
--
So
it
is.
I
_______
there
twice.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
went
D
will
go
2.下列句型中常用现在完成时：
①It
is
(has
been)
+
一段时间+
since从句（点动作的过去时）
It
is/
has
been
two
years
since
he
__________
(fall)
ill.
It/
is
has
been
three
years
since
they
got
married
(married).
②This
(That/
It)
is
the
first
(second...)
time
that
+
现在完成时
“这是某人第几次做...”
It
is
the
first
time
that
I
__________
(be)
here.
This
is
the
second
time
that
I
__________
(give)
such
a
chance.
③This
(that/
It)
is
the
best/
finest/
most
interesting...+
that从句+
现在完成时
“这是最...”
This
is
the
most
interesting
film
that
I
__________
(see).
She
is
the
best
teacher
that
I
__________
(meet).
4）一般过去时
表示过去的事情、动作或状态或者表达过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或者有上下文语境暗示）。常与一下时间状语连用：ago,
yesterday,
the
day
before
yesterday,
last
week/
month/
year,
just
now,
once,
in
1998,
at
the
age
of
five,
once
upon
a
time,
in
the
past,
then,
the
other
day.
Tom
suddenly
_______
(fall)
ill
yesterday
and
had
to
stay
at
home
for
another
day.
昨天汤姆突然病了，只好在家又待了一天。
She
_______
(look)
very
well
when
I
last
saw
her.
上次我见到她时，她看上去气色很好。
The
person
you
are
looking
for
went
away
just
now.
你要找的那个人刚走。
Last
night,
my
house
__________
(break)
in.
I
__________
(see)
him
wandering
in
the
street
the
other
day.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
这种用法常与always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
never等时间状语连用。
I
always
got
up
too
late,
and
never
had
enough
time
for
breakfast.
我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够时间吃早餐。
We
often
went
out
for
a
walk
after
supper
when
we
lived
in
the
countryside.
我们在乡下住的时候经常晚饭后出去散步。
描述几个相继发生过的动作
表示在过去特定时间内一次完成的具有先后顺序的几个动作时，常用一般过去时，此时一般不出现表示过去的时间状语，需要通过情景判断。
I
got
up
early,
washed
my
face,
had
a
quick
breakfast
and
hurried
to
school.
我早早起床，洗完脸，迅速吃完早饭，匆忙上学去了。
Tom
was
late.
He
opened
the
door
quietly,
moved
in
and
walked
carefully
to
his
seat.
汤姆来晚了。他悄悄地打开门进去，小心翼翼地走到自己的位置上。
表示过去将来的动作
在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。
She
said
she
would
came
if
I
promised
to
wait
for
her.
她说如果我答应等她，她就会来。
I
didn’t
know
when
she
would
come,
but
when
she
came
I
would
let
you
know.
我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你的。
--
Jerry,
have
you
ever
been
to
the
Great
Wall?
--
Yes.
I
_______
there
with
my
parents
last
year.
go
B.
went
C.
will
go
D.
have
gone
He
_______
his
grandparents
in
the
countryside
last
week.
visits
B.
visit
C.
visited
The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005--when
the
government
_______
(start)
a
soil-testing
program
that/
which
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers--
and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
Pahlsson
and
her
husband
_______
(search)
the
kitchen,
checking
very
corner,
but
turned
up
nothing.
It
was
raining
lightly
when
I
_______
(arrive)
in
Yangshuo
just
before
dawn.
But
I
didn’t
care.
5)过去进行时
was/were
doing
表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作
When
he
called
me,
I
_______
(have)
dinner.
他给我打电话时，我在吃饭。
I
_______
(wash)
the
dishes
while
Mother
was
clearing
the
table.
我在洗盘子，妈妈在收拾桌子。
What
were
you
doing
this
time
last
year?
去年这个时候你正在做什么？
注意！此种情况下常用的时间状语有at
that
time,
at
five
yesterday,
this
time
yesterday,
the
whole
morning等。
表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作
They
were
expecting
you
yesterday,
but
you
didn’t
turn
up.
昨天他们一直在等你，可你没有来。
We
were
working
from
two
to
four
yesterday
afternoon.
昨天下午，我们从两点一直工作到四点。
I
was
tidying
my
sitting
room
the
whole
morning.
整个早上，我都在收拾我的起居室。
过去进行时也是中考比较常考的内容，一般有明确的语境或时间状语提示。
Jack
_______
a
shower
when
his
mother
rang
him
up.
takes
B.
has
taken
C.
is
taking
D.
was
taking
Linda
was
busy
when
I
went
to
see
her
yesterday.
She
_______
for
an
exam.
will
study
B.
was
studying
C.
has
studied
D.
is
studying
6）过去完成时
找一般过去时作为参照，表示“过去的过去”。常用的时间状语有by
then,
by
that
time,
by
1990,
by
the
end
of
+过去时间,
by
the
time+从句（过去时）
Jane
_______
(leave)
before
I
arrived.
在我到之前简就走了。
By
the
end
of
last
month
he
_______
(finish)
only
half
of
the
work.
到上月底为止，他只完成了一半工作。
By
the
time
I
was
five,
I
had
started
learning
English.
到五岁的时候，我已经开始学英语了。
I
found
your
coat
after
you
_______
(leave)
the
house.
你离开房子以后，我找到了你的外套。
2.如下情况多使用过去完成时
①有如下时间状语：by
then,
by
that
time,
by
1990,
by
the
end
of
+过去时间,
by
the
time+从句（过去时）,
before等。
By
then,
I
_______
(realize)
that
I
was
wrong.
By
the
time
he
arrived
home,
all
the
guests
_______
(leave).
By
the
time
of
last
year,
we
_______
(produce)
20000
cars.
②表示“一...就...”的几个句型：Hardly
had
sb.
done+when(一般过去时)
No
sooner
had
sb.
done
+
than(一般过去时)
No
sooner
had
I
arrived
than
I
wrote
a
letter
to
him.
Hardly
had
she
returned
to
the
kitchen
when
the
fire
broke
out.
③It
was/
had
been+时间段+since(过去完成时)
④This(That/
It)
was
the
first(second...)
time
that
+过去完成时
⑤表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图等，常用had
hoped/
planned/
meant/
intended/
thought/
wanted
to
dol
I
had
planned
to
study
abroad,
but
later
I
gave
up.
I
had
intended
to
attend
his
party,
but
I
was
too
busy
that
day.
7）一般将来时
will的用法
表示未来的动作或状态常用will/
shall
+
do常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如next
time
下次
tomorrow明天
next
year
明年
tomorrow
evening
明晚
before
long
不久后
in
the
future
将来
the
day
after
tomorrow
后天。
It’ll
soon
be
the
New
Year.
很快就到新年了。
I
_______
(see)
you
tomorrow
to
talk
about
the
new
plan.
明天我去找你谈谈有关新计划的事。
The
English
play
_______
(put)
on
next
Sunday
in
Beijing.
He
_______
(come)
back
in
two
hours.
be
going
to
do
be
going
to
do
结构在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事、很可能发生的事，也可用来表示有迹象表明要发生的事。
I’m
going
to
gather
some
materials
about
Picasso.
我打算搜集一些有关毕加索的材料。
It’s
going
to
be
a
fine
day
for
surfing
tomorrow.
明天将是冲浪的好天气。
be
to
do
表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。
The
president
is
to
visit
China
next
week.
总统下周来访问中国。
The
meeting
is
to
take
place
early
tomorrow.
会议明天一早召开。
be
about
to
do
用于表示客观就要发生的事。一般不与具体时间状语连用。
Don’t
go
out.
We’re
about
to
have
dinner.
别出去了，我们很快就吃饭。
I
was
about
to
start
when
it
began
to
rain.
我刚要出发，天就下起雨来了。
We
_______
a
party
for
Kate.
It’s
supposed
to
be
a
surprise.
were
having
B.
had
C.
will
have
D.
have
had
There
_______
a
folk
music
concert
in
Xinjiang
Opera
Theater
next
month.
is
going
to
have
B.
will
have
C.
is
D.
is
going
to
be
过去将来时
would
do
一般过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，通常用于宾语从句中。
The
students
said
that
they
would
go
to
visit
the
Great
Wall
next
day.
I
didn’t
know
you
would
go
abroad
until
yesterday.
Last
week
he
promised
that
he
_______
(come),
but
he
hasn’t
arrived
until
now.
上周他答应来的，可到现在都还没来。
He
said
that
he
_______
(wait)
for
me
at
the
gate.
他说他会在大门口等我。
将来进行时
will
be
doing
将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
I
_______
(fly)
over
the
Atlantic
this
time
tomorrow.
I
will
go
to
the
seaside
next
week
to
spend
my
summer
vacation.
I
_______
(enjoy)
myself
then.
10）将来完成时
will
have
done
将来完成时常和以下时间状语连用by/
by
the
end
of+
将来时间状语,
by
the
time
of...,
by
the
time+从句（现在表将来）
By
2018,
all
of
you
_______
(admit)
to
universities.
By
the
end
of
next
year,
we
_______
(learn)
5000
English
word.
By
the
time
we
arrive
there,
their
weeding
_______
(begin).
总结：
时态种类
主动结构
被动结构
常见的时间状语或句型
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
【时态练习A】
David
is
a
tennis
player.
He
_______
to
play
tennis
when
he
was
six
years
old.
begins
B.
will
begin
C.
began
D.
has
begun
If
I
_______
a
two-week
holiday
next
year,
I
will
take
part
in
a
short
study
tour
to
Beijing
University.
took
B.
take
C.
will
take
D.
are
taking
Before
the
sun
_______,
we
need
to
get
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
set
B.
sets
C.
is
setting
D.
will
set
Gary
is
the
best
singer
in
my
class.
No
one
else
_______
so
well.
sings
B.
sang
C.
will
sing
D.
is
singing
－
Honey,
where
are
you?
－
I
_______
.
Just
let
me
put
on
my
shoes.
come
B.
came
C.
am
coming
D.
have
come
John
_______
so
hard
on
his
project
that
he
didn’t
notice
his
mum
enter
the
room.
works
B.
has
worked
C.
was
working
D.
will
work
－
How
was
the
volleyball
game
yesterday?
－
Oh,
it
was
fantastic!
We
_______
so
much
fun.
have
B.
had
C.
are
having
D.
will
have
While
Nick
_______
CCTV
News,
someone
knocked
at
the
door.
watched
B.
was
watching
C.watch
D.
watches
I
will
call
you
as
soon
as
he
_______
here.
arrive
B.
will
arrive
C.
arrives
D.
arrived
Yesterday,
I
_______
the
subway
home
when
I
suddenly
found
I
was
on
the
wrong
line.
took
B.
was
taking
C.
had
taken
－Hi,
Tony!
_______
you
_______
to
the
newly-opened
shopping
mall,
Tangdao
637
lately?
－
Yes.
I
went
there
with
my
parents
last
week.
Did;
go
B.
Have;
been
C.
Have;
gone
D.
Do;
go
They
don’t
live
here
any
longer.
They
_______
to
Chengdu
last
month.
move
B.
moved
C.
will
move
D.
are
moving
Hi,
guys,
please
write
three
facts
you
_______
last
term
in
your
project.
learned
B.
are
learning
C.
have
learned
D.
learn
－
I
have
seen
the
film
The
Jurassic
World
Ⅱ.
It’s
very
interesting.
－
Really?
When
_______
you
_______
it?
have;
seen
B.
did;
see
C.
will;
see
China
_______
great
achievements
in
science
and
technology
since
1978.
makes
B.
made
C.
has
made
【时态练习B】
－
Millie,
where
is
Miss
Li?
－
She
_______
a
speech
on
Chinese
art
to
the
first-year
students
in
the
hall.
gives
B.
gave
C.
is
giving
D.
has
given
If
Nacy
_______
the
exam,
she
will
go
to
Australia
for
English
study.
pass
B.
passed
C.
passes
D.
will
pass
－
That’s
a
nice
cell
phone.
－
It
is.
My
aunt
_______
it
for
my
last
birthday.
buys
B.
will
buy
C.
has
bought
D.
bought
We
have
no
more
vegetables
in
the
fridge.
I
_______
and
buy
some.
go
B.
went
C.
will
go
D.
was
going
The
official
said
they
_______
a
new
law
to
protect
the
tourists
the
next
year.
make
B.
would
make
C.
made
D.
have
made
The
supermarket
is
far
from
Mary’s
house,
so
she
_______
shopping
once
a
week.
goes
B.
has
gone
C.
went
D.
has
been
Mike,
go
and
see
who
_______
football
on
the
playground.
is
playing
B.
plays
C.
played
D.
was
playing
－
_______
you
_______
to
the
radio?
－
No,
you
can
turn
it
off.
Did;
listen
B.
Have;
listened
C.
Do;
listen
D.
Are;
listening
Our
teacher,
Miss
Chen,
_______
English
on
the
radio
the
day
before
yesterday.
teaches
B.
taught
C.
will
teach
D.
had
taught
－
I
called
you
at
about
half
past
eight
last
night,
but
nobody
answered.
－
Oh,
I
_______
in
my
office
at
that
time.
will
work
B.
was
working
C.
worked
D.
had
worked
－
Why
not
go
to
see
the
dolphin
show
me?
－
Because
I
_______
it.
saw
B.
will
see
C.
see
D.
have
seen
－
Is
your
mother
at
home?
－
No.
She
_______
shopping.
has
been
to
B.
goes
C.
has
gone
D.
has
been
in
I’m
sorry
you’ve
missed
the
train.
It
_______
10
minutes
ago.
left
B.
has
left
C.
had
left
D.
has
been
away
－
Do
you
know
Jack
well?
－
Certainly.
We
_______
friends
since
ten
years
ago.
were
B.
have
made
C.
have
become
D.
have
been
When
I
go
there,
he
_______
them
to
dance.
is
teaching
B.
teaches
C.
was
teaching
D.
taught
时态专项训练C
1.
That
day
he
_______
his
clothes
before
he
came
to
see
me.
A.
has
washed
B.
washed
C.
had
been
washing
D.
was
washed
2.
I
haven’t
finished
my
composition.
I
______
for
two
hours
and
a
half.
?
A.
have
written
it
B.
have
been
writing
it
?
C.
wrote
it
D.
am
writing
it
3.
I
will
take
my
daughter
with
me
when
I
_____
Shanghai.
?
A.
go
to
B.
will
go
to
C.
have
been
to
D.
have
gone
to
4.
This
bright
girl
______
the
truth
in
front
of
the
enemy.
?
A.
didn’t
say
B.
couldn’t
speak
to
C.
said
D.
didn’t
tell
5.
The
bridge
which
______
last
year
looks
really
beautiful.
?
A.
was
built
B.
built
C.
was
set
up
D.
had
been
built?
6.
“When
______
school
begin?”
“Next
Monday.”
?
A.
has
B.
does
C.
did
D.
is
going
to
7.
I
will
______
here
till
you
give
me
some
money.
?
A.
leave
B.
not
leave
C.
come
D.
return
8.
I
_____
here
since
I
moved
here.
?
A.
will
work
B.
worked
C.
work
D.
have
been
working
9.
Every
time
I
_____
there,
I
will
buy
him
something
nice.
?
A.
went
B.
will
go
C.
go
D.
have
gone
10.
It
was
said
that
his
father
______.
?
A.
has
died
B.
died
C.
has
been
dead
D.
had
died
时态语法填空
When
I
first
met
Bryan
I
didn’t
like
him,
but
I
_______
(change)
my
mind
since.
Bob
called
to
tell
his
mother
that
he
couldn’t
enter
the
house,
for
he
_____
(leave)
his
key
at
school.
--Do
you
think
Mum
and
Dad
_______
(be)
late?
--No,
Swiss
Air
is
usually
on
time.
I’m
calling
about
the
apartment
you
_______
(advertise)
the
other
day.
Could
you
tell
me
more
about
it?
The
girl
has
a
great
interest
in
sport
and
_______
(take)
badminton
classes
twice
a
week
over
the
last
three
years.
Around
two
o’clock
every
night,
Sue
will
start
talking
in
her
dream.
It
somewhat
_______
(bother)
us.
By
the
time
he
graduates
from
the
university
next
year,
he
_______
(learn)
English
for
eight
years.
--Do
you
know
the
timetable
of
the
school
bus?
--
Sure,
the
first
trip
_______
(start)
at
6:30
a.m.
and
usually
_______
(continue)
until
4:00
p.m.on
weekdays.
What
do
you
think
the
children
_______
(do)
when
we
get
home?
I
was
just
going
to
move
away
the
heavy
case,
but
someone
_______
(do)
it.
Columbus
proved
that
the
earth
_______
(be)
round.
--
When
did
Scott
go
to
Holland.
--He
_______
(go)
there
last
night.
Whatever
great
progress
you
_______
(make)
so
far,
you
should
still
remain
modest.
--
Tom,
can
you
help
me
type
up
this
report?
--
Sorry,
I
must
go
to
meet
a
client
in
Shanghai.
My
plane
_______
(take)
off
at
15:30.
Lucy
_______
(consider)
going
back
to
school
since
she
was
out
of
work.
--
Is
Martin
still
lost
in
playing
computer
games?
--
No.
So
far
he
_______
(go)
without
for
four
weeks.
【被动语态练习】
The
Great
Wall
_______
all
over
the
world.
It
attracts
lots
of
tourists
from
abroad
each
year.
are
known
B.
is
knowing
C.
is
known
D.
were
known
English
is
a
useful
language.
It
_______
more
widely
today.
is
used
B.
is
using
C.
have
been
used
D.
was
used
When
water
_______,
it
will
be
changed
into
vapor.
heats
B.
is
heated
C.
is
heating
D.
will
be
heated
This
house
looks
old,
but
actually
it
_______
just
five
years
ago.
is
built
B.
was
built
C.
has
been
built
D.
were
built
No
people
_______
to
cut
down
trees
when
they
are
not
big
enough.
allow
B.
is
allowed
C.
are
allowed
D.
are
allowing
The
woman
is
seriously
ill.
She
_______
to
hospital
at
once.
is
sent
B.
must
be
sent
C.
will
be
sent
D.
may
be
sent
When
it
rains
heavily,
the
soil
_______
easily.
will
wash
away
B.
will
be
washed
away
C.
has
washed
away
D.
is
washing
away
The
cows
_______
away
from
the
trees
so
that
they
do
not
knock
them
down.
keep
B.
are
keeping
C.
are
kept
D.
were
kept
A
new
car
factory
_______
in
our
town
and
it
will
be
completed
by
2005.
will
be
built
B.
has
been
built
C.
was
built
D.
is
built
The
World
Trade
Centre
in
New
York
_______
by
terrorist
attacks
on
September
11,
2001.
is
destroyed
B.
has
been
destroyed
C.
was
destroyed
D.
destroyed
By
the
time
you
came
back,
all
the
letter
_______.
have
been
typed
out
B.
had
been
typed
out
C.
was
typed
out
D.
were
typed
out
This
work
is
very
urgent.
It
_______
today.
must
be
finished
B.
can
be
finished
C.
will
be
finished
D.
is
finished
The
window
_______
a
moment
ago.
No
one
knew
how
had
done
it.
had
been
broken
B.
was
broken
C.
has
been
broken
D.
broke
According
to
the
rule,
no
food
drink
_______
into
the
concert
hall.
is
taken
B.
will
be
taken
C.
are
taken
D.
can
be
taken
I’m
sorry.
Smoking
_______
here.
is
allowed
B.
is
not
allowed
C.
will
be
allowed
D.
will
not
allow
常用不规则动词默写表
1.AAA
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
1
bet
2
cost
3
hit
4
hurt
5
let
6
put
7
read
8
set
9
shut
10
spread
2.AAB
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
11
beat
3.ABA
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
12
become
13
come
14
run
ABB
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,
t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
15
burn
16
dream
17
hear
18
learn
19
mean
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”
构成过去式或过去分词。
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
20
build
21
lend
22
send
23
spend
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
24
bring
25
buy
26
catch
27
dig
28
feed
29
fight
30
fight
31
find
32
get
33
hang
34
have/
has
35
hold
36
keep
37
lay
38
lead
39
leave
40
lose
41
make
42
meet
43
pay
44
say
45
sell
46
shine
47
shut
48
sit
49
smell
50
spell
51
stand
52
stick
53
sweep
54
teach
55
tell
56
think
57
understand
58
win
（5）ABC
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
59
draw
60
drive
61
eat
62
fall
63
fly
64
give
65
grow
66
know
67
ride
68
see
69
shake
70
take
71
throw
72
write
73
rise
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
词
义
74
break
75
choose
76
forget
77
hide
78
speak
79
wake
80
begin
81
drink
82
ring
83
sing
84
swim
85
am,
is
86
are
87
do
88
go
89
lie
90
wear
91
can
92
may
93
shall
94
will
常用不规则动词分类表
为了便于记忆，将不规则动词按照原形、过去式和过去分词把他们分为五类，分别为：
第一类：AAA型
共10个
第二类：AAB型
共1个
第三类：ABA型
共3个
第四类：ABB型
共44个
第五类：ABC型
共36个
单词按照字母表顺序排序
一、A---A---A型（原形、过去式和过去分词同形）
共10个
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
汉译
bet
bet
bet
打赌
cost
cost
cost
值；花费
hit
hit
hit
打
hurt
hurt
hurt
伤
let
let
let
让
put
put
put
放下
read
read
read
读
set
set
set
设置
shut
shut
shut
合上
spread
spread
spread
传播
二、A---A---B型（原形和过去式同形）
共1个
beat
beat
beaten
打
三、A---B---A型（原形和过去分词同形）
共3个
become
became
become
变
come
came
come
来
run
ran
run
跑
四、A
---B
---B型
共44个
(1)
在原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。共5个
burn
burnt
burnt
燃烧
dream
dreamt
dreamt
做梦
hear
heard
heard
听到
learn
learned/learnt
learned/learnt
学习
mean
meant
meant
意思
(2)
把原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”
构成过去式或过去分词。共4个
build
built
built
建筑
lend
lent
lent
借给
send
sent
sent
送
spend
spent
spent
花费
(3)
其他。
共35个
bring
brought
brought
带来
buy
bought
bought
买
catch
caught
caught
抓住
dig
dug
dug
挖
feed
fed
fed
饲养
feel
felt
felt
觉得
fight
fought
fought
战斗
find
found
found
发现
get
got
got
得到
hang
hung
hung
悬挂
have/has
had
had
有
hold
held
held
盛，握
keep
kept
kept
保持
lay
laid
laid
放置
lead
led
led
带领
leave
left
left
离开
lose
lost
lost
丢
make
made
made
制造
meet
met
met
遇见
pay
paid
paid
支付
say
said
said
说
sell
sold
sold
卖
shine
shone/shined
shone/shined
发光
shut
shut
shut
设计
sit
sat
sat
坐
smell
smelt/smelled
smelt/smelled
嗅，闻
spell
spelt
spelt
拼写
stand
stood
stood
站
stick
stuck
stuck
插入
sweep
swept
swept
打扫
teach
taught
taught
教
tell
told
told
告诉
think
thought
thought
想
understand
understood
understood
明白
win
won
won
得胜
五、A---B---C型（原形、过去式和过去分词都不同形）
共36个
(1)
在原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
共15个
draw
drew
drawn
绘画
drive
drove
driven
驾驶
eat
ate
eaten
吃
fall
fell
fallen
落下
fly
flew
flown
飞
give
gave
given
给
grow
grew
grown
生长
know
knew
known
知道
ride
rode
ridden
骑
see
saw
seen
看见
shake
shook
shaken
摇动
take
took
taken
拿
throw
threw
thrown
扔
write
wrote
written
写
rise
rose
risen
升起
(2)
把过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。共6个
break
broke
broken
破碎，折断
choose
chose
chosen
选择
forget
forgot
forgotten
忘记
hide
hid
hidden
隐藏
speak
spoke
spoken
说话
wake
woke
woken
唤醒
(3)
把重读音节中的元音字母“i”变为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。共5个
begin
began
begun
开始
drink
drank
drunk
饮
ring
rang
rung
打铃
sing
sang
sung
唱
swim
swam
swum
游泳
(4)
其他不规则动词的变化。共10个
am,
is
was
been
是
are
were
been
是
do
did
done
做
go
went
gone
去
lie
lay
lain
躺
wear
wore
worn
穿
can
could
能
may
might
可以
shall
should
将
will
would
将
1