中考英语二轮语法专题学案 被动语态 （共10页 含答案）

被动语态
一、概念。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示
主语是动作的承受者，by表示“被”。
例如：He
opened
the
door.
他开了门。(主动句)
The
door
was
opened.
门被开了。(被动句)
被动语态的构成。
被动语态由“be动词＋过去分词”构成，常见的有：
1）一般现在时：am／is／are＋v-ed
eg:
The
Great
Wall
is
known
all
over
the
world.
2）一般过去时：was／were＋v-ed
eg:
This
city
was
built
in
1948.
3）一般将来时：will／shall
be＋v-ed或者
am/is/are
going
to
be
+
v-ed
eg:
The
matter
will
be
discussed
tomorrow.
4）含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+v-ed
This
watch
can
be
repaired
in
two
days.
　
5）现在完成时：have／has
been＋v-ed
eg:
The
bridge
has
been
built
this
month.
其他时态的被动语态（不常见）：
1）过去完成时：had
been
+v-ed
eg:
The
tickets
had
been
sold
out
before
I
came
to
the
cinema.
2）过去将来时：would
be
+v-ed
eg:He
said
the
book
would
be
returned
as
soon
as
he
finished
it.
3）现在进行时：am／is／are
being＋v-ed
eg:
The
question
is
being
discussed
at
present.
4）过去进行时：was／were
being＋v-ed
eg:
The
boy
was
being
operated
on
when
his
parents
hurried
to
the
hospital.
解题方法：
单项选择：一看语态，二看时态
句型转换：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be+“过分”来使用。
动词的时态就是be动词的时态；
be动词的单复数和主语相同；
把动词变成be+过去分词；
如果是情态动词直接抄下来
如果主语是人称代词，放在by后要变成宾格
e.g.
They
plant
many
trees
every
year.
Many
trees
are
planted
by
them
every
year.
制胜法宝：
1）如果选项中同时出现主动语态和被动语态，一般选被动语态。
2）见了be动词的任何形式，常见的有am,
is,
are;
was,
were;
be;
been+过去分词就是被动
语态。
如果主动语态不要to，被动语态要加上to
E.g.
The
teacher
made
Tom
stand
there.
Tom
was
made
to
stand
there.
其他情况：
如果动词接了双宾语，两个宾语都可以变成被动语态
g.
His
mother
gave
him
a
present
for
his
birthday.
He
was
given
a
present
for
his
birthday.
A
present
was
given
by
his
mother
for
his
birthday.
“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”变成被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
E.g.
Someone
caught
the
boy
smoking
a
cigarette.
The
boy
was
caught
smoking
a
cigarette.
3、“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，变被动结构时，介词或副词不能省略。
　Students
can’t
take
magazines
out
of
the
reading-room.
（改为被动语态）
　Magazines
can’t??be
taken
out
of
the
reading-room
by
students.
4、?v-ing
形式及不定式
to
do
也有被动语态
I
don't
like
being
laughed
at
in
the
public.
5、在没有必要指出动作的执行者时，“by＋动作的执行者”可以省略。
　e.g.
I
won’t
leave
my
office
until
my
work
is
finished.
例题详解：
一、单项选择。
1.
Your
bedroom
is
so
clean.
Of
course.
It
_____
every
day.
cleans
B.
cleaned
C.
is
cleaned
D.
was
cleaned
【详解】本题句意是“你的卧室真干净。当然了，它每天都被打扫。”先看语态，有被动语态时，选被动语态，选C或者D；再看时态，every
day“每天”，一般现在时，所以答案是C。
2.
This
picture
____
by
my
cousin
last
year.
A.
draws
B.
drew
C.
is
drawn
D.
was
drawn
【详解】本题句意是“这幅画是去年我表妹画的。”先看语态，有被动语态时，选被动语态，选C或者D；再看时态，last
year“去年”，一般过去时，所以答案是D。
3.
It
is
said
that
an
airport
_____
in
Meishan
in
the
future.
A.
built
B.
is
built
C.
has
built
D.
will
be
built
【详解】本题句意是“据说将来会在眉山建一个机场。”先看语态，有被动语态时，选被动语态，选B或者D；再看时态，in
the
future“在将来”，一般将来时，选D。
4.
Mom,
can
I
drive
my
father’s
car
to
the
cinema?
No
way!
You
should
not
_____
to
drive.
You
don’t
have
a
driver’s
licence.
allow
B.
allowed
C.
be
allowed
D.
are
allowed
【详解】本题句意是“妈妈，我可以开爸爸的车去电影院吗？不行！不应该允许你开车，你还没驾照。”先看语态，有情态动词should，含有情态动词的被动语态是情态动词+be+过去分词，所以答案是C。
5.
His
grandparents
______
for
6
years.
And
he
still
misses
them
so
much.
A.
died
B.
has
died
C.
has
been
dead
D.
has
been
died
【详解】本题句意是“他的祖父母去世六年了，他仍然很思念他们。”先看语态，有被动语态时，选被动语态，选C或者D；再看时态，for
6
years是现在完成时的标志，另外，die是瞬间动词，不能和表示延续性的时间段for
6
years连用，dead“死亡的”是形容词，表示一种状态，可以和时间段连用。所以答案是C。
二、句型转换。
1.
We
should
take
good
care
of
the
earth.
The
earth
_____
_____
_____
good
care
of.
【解析】一看时态，本题有情态动词should，含有情态动词的被动语态是情态动词+be+过去
分词，take的过去分词是taken，有本题答案是should
be
taken。
2.
The
boss
asked
the
workers
to
go
back
to
work
at
once.
The
workers
to
go
back
to
work
at
once.
【解析】一看时态，asked是一般过去时，则be动词也用一般过去时，即was/were；二看主语，the
workers是复数，be动词也需要用复数were；三动词变成过去分词，ask的过去分词是asked。所以本题答案是were
asked。
3.The
manager
has
told
us
to
be
more
creative
in
our
work.
We
______
_________
_____
to
be
more
creative
in
our
work.
【解析】一看时态，has
told
us是现在完成时，则be动词也用现在完成时，即have/has
been；二看主语，we是复数，be动词也需要用复数have
been；三动词变成过去分词，tell的过去分词是told。所以本题答案是have
been
told。
We
will
hold
a
football
match
next
week.
A
football
match
______
_____
_____
next
week.
【解析】一看时态，
will
hold是一般将来时，则be动词也用一般将来时，即will
be；二看主语单复数，但是will没有人称和数的变化，只有will一种形式；三动词变成过去分词，hold的过去分词是held。所以本题答案是will
be
held。
Cleaners
clean
the
street
every
day.
The
street
_____
_____
every
day.
【解析】一看时态，clean是一般现在时，则be动词也用一般现在时，即am/is/are；二看主语，the
street是单数，be动词也需要用单数is；三动词变成过去分词，clean的过去分词是cleaned。所以本题答案是is
cleaned。
They
invited
Peter
to
the
party.
Peter
_____
_____
to
the
party.
【解析】一看时态，invited是一般过去时，则be动词也用一般过去时，即was/were；二看主语，Peter是单数，be动词也需要用单数was；三动词变成过去分词，invite的过去分词是invited。所以本题答案是was
invited。
The
old
man
plants
many
flowers
every
year.
Many
flowers
_____
_____
by
the
old
man
every
year.
【解析】一看时态，plants是一般现在时，则be动词也用一般现在时，即am/is/are；二看主语，many
flowers是复数，be动词也需要用复数are；三动词变成过去分词，plant的过去分词是planted。所以本题答案是are
planted。
练习：
一、将下列句子变成被动语态。
1.
We
should
plant
more
trees
to
make
our
school
beautiful.
More
trees
_____
_____
planted
to
make
our
school
beautiful.
2.
People
call
the
man
"Wolf
Dad"
because
of
his
cruel
way
of
parenting.
The
man
"Wolf
Dad"
because
of
his
cruel
way
of
parenting.
3.
We
must
put
this
warning
sign
outside
the
gate
of
the
museum.
This
warning
sign
must
outside
the
gate
of
the
museum.
4.
My
friend
invited
me
to
go
to
his
birthday
party
last
Sunday.
I
to
go
to
my
friend's
birthday
party
last
Sunday.
5.
The
boss
asked
the
workers
to
go
back
to
work
at
once.
The
workers
to
go
back
to
work
at
once.
6.
The
manager
has
told
us
to
be
more
creative
in
our
work.
We
______
______told
to
be
more
creative
in
our
work.
7.
My
sister
washes
her
clothes
every
day.
Her
clothes
_____
_____
_____
every
day.
People
will
build
a
new
airport
in
the
city
next
month.
A
new
airport
_____
______
_____
in
the
city
next
month.
二、单项选择。
(
)
1.
The
flowers___
often.
A.
must
be
water
B.
must
be
watered
C.
must
watered
D.
must
water
(
)
2.
The
books
may___
for
two
weeks.
A.
be
kept
B.
be
borrowed
C.
keep
D.
borrow
(
)
3.
The
broken
bike____
here
by
Mr
Smith.
A.
can
mend
B.
can
mended
C.
can
be
mend
D.
can
be
mended
(
)
4.
The
old
bridge
in
my
hometown___
next
month.
A.
is
going
to
be
rebuilt
B.
will
rebuilt
C.
are
going
to
be
rebuilt
D.
are
going
to
rebuilt
(
)
5.
The
play
___
at
the
theatre
next
Sunday.
A.
is
going
to
be
shown
B.
will
shown
C.
will
show
D.
is
shown
(?
)
6.
The
old
stone
bridge
___
next
week.
A.
is
going
to
be
rebuilt
B.
will
be
rebuild
C.
are
going
to
be
rebuilt
D.
will
rebuild
(
)
7.
Now
these
magazines___
in
the
library
for
a
long
time.
A.
have
kept
B.
are
keeping
C.
have
been
keeping
D.
have
been
kept
(
)
8.
The
pot
___
for
___
hot
water.
A.
used;
keeping
B.
was
used;
keeping
C.
is
used;
to
keep
D.
are
used;
keep
(
)
9.
Tea
___
in
the
south
of
China.
A.
grows
B.
is
grown
C.
were
grown
D.
will
grow
(
)
10.
The
bridges___
two
years
ago.
A.
is
built
B.
built
C.
were
built
D.
was
built
(
)
11.
Wet
clothes
are
often
___
up
near
a
fire
in
rainy
weather.
A.
hang
B.
hanged
C.
hanging
D.
hung
(
)
12.
The
river
smells
terrible.
People
must
___
dirty
things
into
it.
A.
be
stopped
to
throw
B.
be
stopped
from
throwing?
C.
stop
to
throw
D.
stop
throwing
(
)
13.
The
teapot
___
water.
A.
is
filled
with
B.
filled
of?
C.
fulling
of
D.
filled
(
)
14.
Old
people
must
be
looked
after
well
and
___
politely.
A.
speak
to
B.
spoken
C.
speak
D.
spoken
to
(
)
15.
Old
people
must
___.
A.
look
after
well
B.
be
looked
well
after
C.
looked
well
after
D.
be
looked
after
well
三、用下列动词的被动语态形式填空
1.Xinyang
Mao
Jian
_____________
(grow)
in
Xinyang
.
2.Many
trees
_______________(plant)
in
China
every
year,
but
they
are
still
not
enough.
3.Now
many
difficult
and
dangerous
kinds
of
work
______________
(can
do)
by
robots
in
factories.
4.The
Great
Wall
___________________
(build)
thousands
of
years
ago
.
5.It
is
said
that
more
good
teachers
_________________(will
send)
to
the
rural
areas
in
Xinxiang
next
year.
6.You
have
to
be
18
years
old
before
you
___________________
(allow)
to
drive
a
car.
7.To
make
our
city
more
beautiful,
rubbish(垃圾)
_________________(must
not
throw)
into
the
river.
四、选出正确答案：
(
)
1.
The
People's
Republic
of
China
___
on
October
1,
1949.
A.
found
B.
was
founded
C.
is
founded
D.
was
found
(
)
2
.English
____
in
Canada.
A.
speaks
B.
are
spoken
C.
is
speaking
D.
is
spoken
(
)3.
This
English
song___
by
the
girls
after
class.
A.
often
sings
B.
often
sang
C.
is
often
sang
D.
is
often
sung
(
)
4.
This
kind
of
car
___
in
Japan.
A,
makes
B.
made
C.
is
making
D.
is
made
(
)
5.
New
computers
___
all
over
the
world.
A.
is
used
B.
are
using
C.
are
used
D.
have
used
(
)
6.
Our
room
must
___
clean.
A.
keep
B.
be
kept
C.
to
be
kept
D.
to
keep
(
)
7.-I'd
like
to
buy
that
coat.
-I'm
sorry.
___.
A.
it
sold
B.
it's
selling
C.
It's
been
sold
D.
it
had
been
sold
(
)8.
A
new
house
___
at
the
corner
of
the
road.
A.
is
building
B.
is
being
built
C.
been
built
D.
be
building
(
)9.
The
key
___
on
the
table
when
I
leave.
A.
was
left
B.
will
be
left
C.
is
left
D.
has
been
left
(
)10.
Doctors
___
in
every
part
of
the
world.
A.
need
B.
are
needing
C.
are
needed
D.
will
need
(
)11.
His
new
book___
next
month.
A.
will
be
published
B.
is
publishing
C.
is
being
published
D.
has
been
published
(
)12.Japanese
___
in
every
country.
A.
is
not
spoken
B.
are
spoken
C.
is
speaking
D.
is
not
speaking
(
)13.
These
papers___yet.
A.
have
not
written
B.
have
not
been
written
C.
has
not
written
D.
has
not
been
written
(
)14.The
sports
meet
___
be
held
until
next
week.
A.
didn't
B.
won't
C.
isn't
D.
doesn't
(
)15.Who
was
the
book___?
A.
write
B.
wrote
C.
written
D.
written
by
强化训练：（时态和语态）
1.?????
---When
________
the
Museum
of
London
___
_____(build),
do
you
know?
---Sorry,
I’ve
no
idea.
2.??????
The
29th
Olympic
Games
_______
____(hold)
in
Beijing
in
2008.
3.??????
Do
you
know
in
which
part
of
China
tea
pots
[茶壶]___
________(produce)
in
large
numbers?
4.??????
The
computer
game
‘Around
the
world
in
eight
hours’
_____
______(design)
by
Nancy
Jackson.
5.??????
A
new
film
_____
______(show)
at
Red
Star
Cinema
at
8:00
tonight.
6.??????
---What
___________computers
___________(use)
for?
---Sending
and
receiving
e-mails.
7.??????
You
may
go
out
and
play
as
soon
as
your
homework
______
_____(finish).
8.??????
The
lost
child
______
_____(find)
lying
on
the
chair
in
the
park
the
next
morning.
9.??????
If
your
computer
still
doesn’t
work,
it
must
____
_______(restart).
10.??
Since
the
past
eight
years,
great
changes
____
_______(happen)
in
our
hometown.
11.??
The
watermelon
____
_______(sell)
well
in
hot
weather.
12.??
Two
of
the
students
____
____(fail)
the
English
exams,
because
they
did
not
work
hard
beforehand.
13.??
The
Smiths
________
___(travel)
to
the
Great
Wall
twice
since
they
___________(come)
to
China.
14.??
You
___________(reach)
a
new
place
that
you’ve
never
visited
before
when
you
___________(finish)
all
eight
levels.
15.??
You
______
_____(earn)
a
point
when
a
question
_______
____(answer)
correctly.
16.??
My
uncle
often
____
___(send)
e-mails
to
his
son
to
ask
about
his
studies
when
he
was
in
London.
17.??
I
___________
never
___________(see)
such
a
wonderful
parade
before.
18.??
The
lovely
Hello
Kitty
purse
____
_______(buy)
in
Sanrio
Puroland
last
March.
19.??
When
Bill
was
young,
he
made
money
by
___________(design)
computer
programs
for
companies.
20.
These
daily
newspapers
______
_____
(print)
well
and
______
_____(send)
to
the
post
office
every
morning.
21.
The
e-dictionary
____
___(need)
a
lot
of
memory,
so
it’s
better
____
___(keep)
it
on
the
hard
disk.
22??
He
______
_____(see)
to
break
the
window
with
his
ball
by
us,
so
he
had
to
pay
for
it.
23.??
He
___________(lie)
on
the
grass
when
he
___________(fall)
asleep
yesterday
afternoon.
24.?
---What
___________your
brother
usually
___________(do)
at
weekends?
---He
___________(watch)
TV
and
___________(do)
his
homework.
---What
___________
he
___________
(do)
from
7:30
to
8:30
last
night?
---He
_______
____(play)
the
piano.
25.??
She
was
not
strong
enough
_______
____(carry)
the
stone
away
from
the
road.
26.??
Father
______
_____(cook)
breakfast
while
I
________
___(wash)
my
face
at
six
this
morning.
27.?
While
we
______
_____(have)
lunch
last
night,
it
___________(start)
to
rain.
28.
Mum
told
me
that
she
____
_______(not
like)
keeping
a
pet
at
home.
29.??
His
crazy
fans
couldn’t
stop
_____
__(scream)
when
Jay
Chou
(appear)
on
the
stage.
30.??
Though
there
was
a
rainstorm,
our
plane
_____
__(land)
safely.
31.??
My
cousin
__
(marry)
his
girlfriend
next
October
and
they
will
spend
their
honeymoon
in
Paris.
32.??
My
parents
___________(warn)
us
many
times
___________(not
read)
while
having
meals.
33.?
The
best
service
__
___(provide)
in
the
International
Hotel.
34.??
If
we
cut
down
the
trees,
floods
___________(wash)
our
village
away.
35.??
It
is
very
meaningful
for
us
___________(care)
about
the
rare
animals.
36.??
You
___________(not
feel)
better
until
you
take
the
medicine
three
times
a
day.
37.?
The
famous
doctor
___________(perform)
an
operation
while
the
others
were
standing
around
him.
---When
___________
this
story
___________(take)
place?
---Not
long
ago.
---Do
we
need
___________(take)
an
umbrella
with
us?
---I’m
afraid
so.
40.??
Each
of
the
teachers
should
___________(treat)
every
student
with
kindness.[善良]
41.??
Each
of
the
students
should
______
_(treat)
equally[平等地]
by
our
teachers.
一、答案：
1.【解析】一看时态，should是情态动词，被动语态是情态动词+be+过去分词，所以答案是
should
be。
2.【解析】一看时态，call是一般现在时，be动词也用一般现在时，即am/is/are；二看主语确定be动词单复数。the
man是单数，所以be动词用is；三动词变成过去分词，call变成called。所以答案是is
called。
3.【解析】一看时态，must是情态动词，被动语态是情态动词+be+过去分词，所以答案是be
put。
4.【解析】一看时态，invited是一般现在时，be动词也用一般过去时，即was/were；二看主语确定be动词单复数，my
friend是单数，所以be动词用was；三动词变成过去分词，invite变成invited。所以答案是was
invited。
5.【解析】一看时态，asked是一般现在时，be动词也用一般过去时，即was/were；二看主语确定be动词单复数，the
workers是复数，所以be动词用were；三动词变成过去分词，ask变成asked。所以答案是were
asked。
6.【解析】一看时态，has
told是现在完成时，be动词也用现在完成时，即have/has
been；二看主语确定be动词单复数，we是复数，所以be动词用have
been。所以答案是have
been。
7.【解析】一看时态，washes是一般现在时，be动词也用一般过去时，即am/is/are；二看主语确定be动词单复数，her
clothes是复数，所以be动词用are；三动词变成过去分词，wash变成washed。所以答案是are
washed。
8.【解析】一看时态，will
build是一般将来时，be动词也用一般将来时，即will
be；二动词变成过去分词，build变成built。所以答案是will
be
built。
二、答案：1-5
BADAA
6-10
ADBBC
11-15
DBADD
三、答案：1,
is
grown
2,
are
planted
3,
can
be
done
4,
was
built
5,
will
be
sent
6,
are
allowed
7,
mustn’t
be
thrown
四、答案：1-5
BDDDC
6-10
BCBBC
11-15
AABBD
强化练习答案：
1,
was;
built
2,
was
held
3,
are
produced
4,
was
designed
5,
will
be
shown
6,
are
used
7,
is
finished
8,
was
found
9,
be
restarted
10,
have
happened
11,
is
sold
12,
failed
13,
have
travelled
came
14,
will
reach
finish
15,
will
earn
is
answered
16,
sent
17,
have
seen
18,
was
bought
19,
designing
20,
are
printed
sent
21,
needs
to
keep
22,
was
seen
23,
was
lying
fell
24,
does
do
watches
does
did
do
played
25,
to
carry
26,
was
cooking
was
washing
27,
were
having
started
28,
didn’t
like
29,
screaming
appeared
30,
landed
31,
will
marry
32,
have
warned
not
to
read
33,
is
provided
34,
will
wash
35,
to
care
36,
won’t
feel
37,
was
performing
38,
did
take
39,
to
take
40,
treat
41,
be
treated