云南省大理州宾川县第四完全中学2020-2021学年高一下学期见面考英语试题

云南省大理州宾川县第四完全中学2020-2021学年高一下学期见面考英语试题
一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
1．（2021高一下·邢台开学考）阅读理解
If
you want to find a book for your children, here are some books that you can
choose from.
Charlie Thorne and the
Last Equation by Stuart Gibbs
The
CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式),
which could destroy the world if the bad people get it. For help，they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who is as smart as Albert
Einstein. Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.
AstroNuts by
Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg
In
AstroNuts , the Earth has been
destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount
Rushmore. the main office of NASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for
human life. Finally, they discover one：
Plant Planet. The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet. Readers who
love science fiction (科幻小说) will enjoy AstroNuts.
Stargazing by
Jen Wang
Christine
hears that Moon, who is new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for
fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two
kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's
experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship.
Roll with It by
Jamie Sumner
Roll with It
is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on
her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to
take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new
friendships. This book is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story
that really shows the value of family.
（1）Which of the following encourages readers to protect the Earth
A．Stargazing.
B．AstroNuts.
C．Roll with It.
D．Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.
（2）What's special about Stargazing
A．It mainly discusses animals' stories.
B．It includes much scientific knowledge.
C．It is mainly about how to make friends.
D．It is connected with the author's own experiences.
（3）What can we learn about Ellie
A．She doesn't want to go to another state.
B．She has trouble communicating with others.
C．She is carefully looked after by her grandpa.
D．She has to solve problems faced in a new place.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本适合孩子阅读的书。
（1）考查细节理解。根据AstroNuts部分中的“The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet.“这个故事的主题很简单:不要伤害地球。可知，AstroNuts这本书的主题是不要破坏地球，即保护地球。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Stargazing部分中的“Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child.”《观星》是基于Jen Wang小时候的经历。可知，Stargazing这本书的特别之处在于与作者自己的经历有关。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据Roll with It 部分中的“When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. “当Ellie和她的妈妈搬到另一个州照顾Ellie的爷爷时，她必须学会应付新的学校和新的友谊。可知，Ellie因为搬到新的州，所以她必须适应新的学校，建立新的友谊，即她不得不处理在新的地方遇到的问题。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
Warren Edward
Buffett was born on August 30, 1930. As the second oldest kid in his family, he
has two sisters. He showed an amazing talent (天资) for both money and business at a very early age.
At the age of
six, Buffett bought six-packs of Coca-Cola from his grandfather's store for
twenty-five cents and resold each of the bottles for five cents. While other
children of his age were playing, Buffett was making money. Five years later,
Buffett took his first step into the world of high finance (金融).
At eleven years
old, he bought three shares (股票)of Cities Service Preferred (CSP) at $ 38 per share for both
himself and his sister, Doris. Shortly after buying them, the shares fell to
just over $ 27 per share. Though Buffett felt frightened, he held his shares
until they went up to $ 40. He immediately sold them—a mistake he would soon
come to regret, because each share of the CSP went up to $ 200. The experience
taught him that investing (投资)needed time and a patient
wait.
In 1947, Buffett
graduated from high school when he was 17 years old. It was never his plan to
go to college. He had already made $ 5,000 by delivering newspapers. His father
had other plans and strongly advised his son to attend the Wharton Business
School at the University of Pennsylvania. Buffett only stayed there for two
years, saying that he knew more than his professors. He returned home and went
to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Despite working full-time, he managed to
graduate in only three years. Buffett approached graduate studies with the same
resistance he displayed a few years earlier. He was finally persuaded to apply
to Harvard Business School, which refused him because he was too young. Buffett
then applied to Columbia University, where he got an experience that would
forever change his life from famous investors Ben Graham and David Dodd.
2．What do we know about Buffett
A．He showed a natural ability to do business in childhood.
B．He was born in a poor but loving family.
C．He often made mistakes during his childhood.
D．He didn't get along well with his sisters.
3．What did Buffett learn from his experience of buying CSP shares
A．Investment needs patience.
B．Regretting is useless in the investment.
C．Experience is valuable for investment.
D．Mistakes are unavoidable during the investment.
4．Why did Buffett leave the Wharton Business School
A．He wanted to help his grandfather.
B．He was not satisfied with his professors.
C．He preferred the university in his hometown.
D．He showed he was unwilling to make friends there.
5．What's the last paragraph mainly about
A．Buffett's interest. B．Buffett's family.
C．Buffett's education. D．Buffett's working experience.
【答案】2．A
3．A
4．B
5．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了巴菲特早年展现理财天赋以及他的求学经历。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“He showed an amazing talent (天资)for both money and business at a very early age.”巴菲特在很小的时候就显示出了理财经商的天赋。可知，巴菲特在童年时期就展现了经商的天赋。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The experience taught him that investing (投资)needed time and a patient wait.”此次经历教会他投资需要时间和耐心的等待，可知，尽管巴菲特等到自己的股票涨了才卖，但这支股票每股最终涨到了200美元。因此，他的第一次购股经历教会了他投资需要足够的耐心。故选A。
4．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“His father had other plans and strongly advised his son to attend the Wharton Business School at the University of Pennsylvania. Buffett only stayed there for two years ， saying that he knew more than his professors.”他的父亲有其他的计划，并强烈建议他去宾夕法尼亚的沃顿商学院学习。巴菲特只在那里待了两年就离开了，说他比自己的教授懂的多。可知，巴菲特离沃顿商学院是因为他认为他比教授们懂得多。可推断，他对教授们不满意。故选B。
5．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“In 1947, Buffett graduated from high school when he was 17 years old....Buffett only stayed there for two years...He returned home and went to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. ...Buffett then applied to Columbia University” 1947年巴菲特高中毕业，那时他17岁......巴菲特只在那里（沃顿商学院）待了两年......他回到家乡上了内布拉加斯加大学林肯分校...... 巴菲特申请了哥伦比亚大学。可知，本段主要讲述巴菲特的求学经历，即受教育情况。故选C。
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
We will all
probably know both some introverts (内向的人) and extroverts (外向的人) in life, and yet we
can gain a wrong impression about both types of people. For example, some
introverts can be extremely confident and they can be able people. However,
some extroverts aren't as confident as they'd like to appear to be
and often try to hide their true identities behind a false appearance.
Shyness can
affect both introverts and extroverts and anybody else too. It can be very
debilitating (使衰弱的) and, if
severe, can have a huge negative influence upon our ability to form meaningful
relationships and it can also affect our careers or jobs.
A lot of people
feel shy because they have low self-respect and feel unworthy when comparing
themselves to others. They find it difficult to communicate with others whom
they don't know. In that case, one of the best ways of overcoming the shyness
is to focus the attention on the other person instead. Shy people can try
changing people's focus on someone else, so that they don't need to talk about
themselves too much.
If you recognize
that you are shy and see that as a lion in the way of enjoying your life. you should
first overcome it by accepting that it's causing a problem for you. Trying
getting into conversations with strangers is helpful. Shy people are
challenging themselves and over- coming their shyness. In this way, shy people
can get their own self-respect. Each time they do it, this will be repeated
until they feel confident enough.
Like any negative
thought, determination can also help you beat shyness and having a positive
attitude is the key to overcoming the shyness.
6．What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2
A．The difference between introverts and extroverts.
B．The relationship between ability and shyness.
C．The harmful effects of shyness.
D．The cause of shyness.
7．Why do people feel shy when communicating with others
A．They are afraid of learning from others.
B．They are often made fun of.
C．They are short of confidence.
D．They have to talk too much.
8．What does the author advise shy people to do to overcome shyness
A．Do sports as much as they can.
B．Listen to the voice in their heart.
C．Have a good talk with their parents.
D．Keep a strong belief in supporting themselves.
9．What's the best title for the text
A．How to Overcome Shyness B．Tips of Expressing Shyness
C．How to Understand Introverts D．Tips of Talking with Extroverts
【答案】6．C
7．C
8．D
9．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了克服害羞的方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Shyness can affect both introverts and extroverts and anybody else too. It can be very debilitating （使衰弱的）and, if severe, can have a huge negative influence upon our ability to form meaningful relationships and it can also affect our careers or jobs.”内向者、外向者和任何人都可能受到害羞的影响。它会使人非常虚弱，如果严重的话，会对我们建立有意义的人际关系的能力产生巨大的负面影响，还会影响我们的事业或工作。可知，作者想告诉我们害羞的不良影响。故选C。
7．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A lot of people feel shy because they have low self-respect and feel unworthy when comparing themselves to others.”很多人感到害羞，因为他们自卑，在与别人比较时觉得自己不值得。可知，很多人在和他人交流时，感到害羞的原因是他们缺乏自信。故选C。
8．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Like any negative thought， determination can also help you beat shyness and having a positive attitude is the key to overcoming the shyness.”和任何消极的想法一样，决心也能帮助你战胜害羞，而拥有积极的态度是克服害羞的关键。可知，作者认为克服害羞需要坚定的信念。故选D。
9．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了克服害羞的方法。A项How to Overcome Shyness“如何克服害羞”为最佳标题。故选A。
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
Belly fat (stomach
fat) has long been thought to be especially bad for your heart, but now, a new
study adds more evidence to the idea that it may also be bad for your brain.
The study, from
the United Kingdom, found that people who were overweight and had a high waist-to-hip
ratio (a measure of belly fat) had slightly lower brain volumes (容量), on average, compared with people who were
just over weight or had a healthy weight. Specifically, belly fat was connected
with lower volumes of gray matter, the brain tissue (组织)
that contains nerve cells.
"Our
research looked at a large group of people and found obesity (肥胖),specifically around the middle, may be linked
with brain shrinkage (萎缩)," lead study author Mark
Hamer, a professor at Southborough University, said in a statement.
Lower brain
volume, or brain shrinkage, has been linked with a higher risk of memory recession,
which leads to being forgetful.
The new findings,
published on Jan. 9 in the journal Neurology,
suggested that the combination of obesity (as measured by body mass index,
or BMI) and a high waist—to—hip ratio may cause brain shrinkage.
However, the
study found only a connection between belly fat and lower brain volume, but
couldn't prove that belly fat actually caused brain shrinkage. It could be that
people with lower volumes of gray matter in certain brain areas are at a higher
risk of obesity. Future studies are needed to find out the causes for the
connection.
10．What can we infer about belly fat from the new study
A．Belly fat may have a bad influence on our brain.
B．Belly fat can help increase brain volumes.
C．Belly fat affects people's diet.
D．Belly fat is bad for our eyes.
11．Who most probably suffer from brain shrinkage according to the new study
A．A tall and thin man. B．A man with too much belly fat.
C．A short and thin man. D．A man with normal body weight.
12．What does the underlined word "recession" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Going ahead. B．Getting poor.
C．Getting active. D．Going around.
13．What do the researchers need to study further according to the text
A．The real cause of getting obesity.
B．The danger of getting too much fat.
C．The bad effect caused by belly fat and brain shrinkage.
D．The reasons for the connection between belly fat and brain shrinkage.
【答案】10．A
11．B
12．B
13．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究。该研究发现腹部脂肪与低脑容量之间存在一定的联系，可能对人的大脑有不良影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Belly fat（stomach fat） has long been thought to be especially bad for your heart, but now, a new study adds more evidence to the idea that it may also be bad for your brain.”长期以来人们都认为腹部脂肪对心脏特别不好，但是现在，一项新的研究提供了更多的证据，证明它还可能对你的大脑有害。可知，这项新的研究发现腹部脂肪可能会对人的大脑有不良影响。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Our research looked at a large group of people and found obesity （肥胖）,specifically around the middle， may be linked with brain shrinkage （萎缩），”我们的研究观察了一大群人，发现肥胖，尤其是腰部肥胖，可能与大脑萎缩有关。可知，肥胖的人尤其是腹部脂肪过多的人更容易得脑萎缩。故选B。
12．考查词义猜测。根据下文“which leads to being forgetful.”这会导致健忘。可知，该词义为“衰退”。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Future studies are needed to find out the causes for the connection.”未来的研究需要找出这种联系的原因。可知，研究者需要进一步研究以找出腹部脂肪和脑萎缩之间存在联系的原因。故选D。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）根据内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选
We expect the
technology in our life to work every time we turn a machine on. It's terrible
when they don't work, especially when we don't know how to solve the problem. You
turn the machine on, but see the black screen. 　14． 　
A computer screen
that doesn't turn on may be a sign of a broken screen or a bad connection
between the computer and the monitor (显示).Trying another monitor or connecting line is a simple way to see
if one or the other is broken-down. 　15． 　
For windows users,
they could face a system files corruption (损坏). Turning on your computer, you might see the black screen and
words on the screen remind you the corruption. In that case, you may need to
restart your computer and enter the recovery mode (恢复模式)。
　16． 　 In that
case you need to open the computer case and clean the fan.
　17． 　 Apple's
iOS users might need to restart their phones, though the method differs
depending on the model. If you are a owner of the iPhone 11 or a newer model, you
can press and let go of the volume-up and do the same to the volume-down
button, then press and hold the side button until you see the Apple logo.
If the problem
keeps occurring, you'd better have a professional (专业人员) take a look at it. 　18． 　
A. A choice is to use a DVD.
B. Phone users also face the black screen.
C. What should you do when it happens
D. If it is useless you need to do a further check.
E. Another cause might be a problem with the cooling fan.
F. You'd better not deal with it yourself in case your machine is
broken.
G. Android users should hold down the power button for about five
seconds.
【答案】14．C；15．D；16．E；17．B；18．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何解决电脑和手机黑屏的问题提出了一些建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
14．根据空前“You turn the machine on, but see the black screen.”你打开机器，但却看见了黑屏，可知，C. What should you do when it happens “当你遇到这种情况时，你该怎么做？”承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
15．根据空前“Trying another monitor or connecting line is a simple way to see if one or the other is broken-down.”尝试换另一个显示器或连接线是一个简单的方法，看看是否其中一个有问题，可知，D. If it is useless you need to do a further check.“如果这个方法没有用，你需要做进一步的检查”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
16．根据空后“you need to open the computer case and clean the fan.”打开机箱并清理风扇的方法，E. Another cause might be a problem with the cooling fan.“另一个原因可能是散热风扇的问题”是黑屏出现的原因，下文是解决办法。故选E。
17．根据空后“Apple's iOS users might need to restart their phones, though the method differs depending on the model. If you are a owner of the iPhone 11 or a newer model， you can press and let go of the volume-up and do the same to the volume-down button, then press and hold the side button until you see the Apple logo.”介绍了苹果手机iOS操作系统用户在遇到手机黑屏死机现象后该如何操作，B. Phone users also face the black screen.“手机用户也会遇到黑屏”引领下文，介绍手机黑屏如何操作。故选B。
18．根据空前“If the problem keeps occurring, you'd better have a professional （专业人员）take a look at it.”如果黑屏死机问题继续发生，你最好找专业人员看看。可知，F项中的“You'd better not deal with it yourself ”与上文的“you'd better have a professional （专业人员）take a look at it.”相符，因此推断F. You'd better not deal with it yourself in case your machine is broken.“以防你的机器损坏，你最好不要自己处理”符合语境，如果自己不能处理黑屏，就要找专业人员处理。故选F。
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had to work as
a substitute teacher (代课老师) before
finding a full-time teaching job. One day, I 19． my first substitute job at a school. The 20． said that I had to arrive at
school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.
As it was my 21． day at this school, I made
sure of leaving plenty of 22． to get to school. I got up early so I 23． at the school at about 7:50
am. I sat in my car for ten minutes playing with my phone to 24． time. Then I walked into the
teaching building and up to the reception (接待) desk at 8:00. When I told the receptionist my 25． , she shouted at me for being 26． and said that the headmaster
was managing the class until I 27． .
I said the email
I received 28． told me to arrive at school at 8:00, but the
receptionist said what I said was a (n) 29． . I finally gave up trying to 30． with her, went up to the
classroom, and took over the class from the 31． .
During the 32． I was sitting in the office
when the headmaster 33． and asked why I was late. I 34． that the email had given the
wrong information. He said that even though that was what the email said, I 35． should have gotten to school
before 8:00 am because that's what 36． people do, in case something
unexpected might happen.
The headmaster's 37． had a strong influence on me,
and then I 38． to become a smart person. Since then I have
never been late for school.
19．A．created B．lost C．did D．got
20．A．email B．pack C．call D．report
21．A．busy B．big C．first D．hard
22．A．power B．time C．money D．space
23．A．arrived B．taught C．pointed D．shouted
24．A．set B．check C．save D．kill
25．A．survey B．number C．name D．address
26．A．polite B．careless C．strong D．late
27．A．gave in B．looked around C．showed up D．dropped out
28．A．clearly B．repeatedly C．openly D．usually
29．A．trap B．result C．excuse D．fact
30．A．agree B．argue C．go D．compare
31．A．guard B．student C．professor D．headmaster
32．A．rest B．training C．study D．meeting
33．A．stopped B．escaped C．entered D．laughed
34．A．remembered B．explained C．guessed D．hoped
35．A．only B．still C．even D．almost
36．A．funny B．honest C．kind D．clever
37．A．spelling B．words C．suffering D．books
38．A．decided B．happened C．failed D．refused
【答案】19．D；20．A；21．C；22．B；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．D；27．C；28．A；29．C；30．B；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．B；36．D；37．B；38．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一天做代课工作迟到后所得到的教训。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．句意：有一天，我在一所学校找到了第一份代课工作。A：created“创造”；B：lost“丢失”；C：did“做”；D：got “得到”。根据下文“The 2 said that I had to arrive at school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.”可知，作者被要求去学校签到，可推测，作者得到了一份代课老师的工作。故选D。
20．句意：邮件上说我必须早上8点到学校签到。A：email“邮件”；B：pack“包裹”；C：call“电话”；D：report“报名”。根据下文“I 16 that the email had given the wrong information.”可知，作者是接收到了一封邮件。故选A。
21．句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A：busy“忙碌的”；B：big“大的”；C：first“第一的”；D：hard “困难的”。根据上文“One day, I ____1____my first substitute job at a school.”和下文“I made sure of leaving plenty of 4 to get to school. ”可推测，作者是第一天到学校上班。故选C。
22．句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A：power“力量”；B：time“时间”；C：money“钱”；D：space “空间”。根据下文“I sat in my car for ten minutes playing with my phone to ___6___ time.”可知，作者在第一天到学校时给自己留下了充足的时间。故选B。
23．句意：我起得很早，所以大约早上7点50分到学校。A：arrived“到达”；B：taught“教”；C：pointed“指”；D：shouted “大叫”。这里指作者在7点50分到达学校。故选A。
24．句意：我坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。A：set“放置”；B：check“检查”；C：save“挽救，节省”；D：kill“消磨，杀害”。kill time固定短语，“消磨时间”。作者坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。故选D。
25．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：survey“问卷，调查”；B：number“数字”；C：name“名字”；D：address “地址”。根据上文“The ___2___ said that I had to arrive at school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.”可知，此处作者告诉接待员自己的名字用以签到。故选C。
26．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：polite“礼貌的”；B：careless“粗心的”；C：strong“强壮的”；D：late“迟到的”。根据下文“During the ___14___, I was sitting in the office when the headmaster ___15___ and asked why I was late. ”可知，作者是迟到了。故选D。
27．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：gave in“屈服”；B：looked around“环视”；C：showed up“出现”；D：dropped out A“退出”。根据下文“I finally gave up trying to ___12___ with her, went up to the classroom, and took over the class from the ___13___.”可知，在作者出现之前是校长在管理班级。故选C。
28．句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A：clearly“清楚地”；B：repeatedly“重复地”；C：openly“公开地”；D：usually “通常”。根据句意可知，此处是邮件上清楚地说明要求作者8点到学校。故选A。
29．句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A：trap“圈套”；B：result“结果”；C：excuse“借口”；D：fact “事实”。接待员认为作者在找借口以掩饰自己迟到的事实。故选C。
30．句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A：agree“同意”；B：argue“争论”；C：go“走”；D：compare “比较”。根据上文“I said the email I received ___10___ told me to arrive at school at 8:00, but the receptionist said what I said was a(n) ___11___. ”可知，作者之前在和接待员争论自己是否迟到这件事。故选B。
31．句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A：guard“警卫”；B：student“学生”；C：professor“教授”；D：headmaster “校长”。根据上文“ When I told the receptionist my ___7___ , she shouted at me for being ___8___ and said that the headmaster was managing the class until I ___9___.”可知，作者到达学校后从校长手中接管了班级。故选D。
32．句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A：rest“休息”；B：training“训练”；C：study“学习”；D：meeting “会议”。根据空后“I was sitting in the office”可知，作者坐在办公室，可推测，校长是在休息的时候找作者谈话。故选A。
33．句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A：stopped“停止”；B：escaped“逃脱”；C：entered“进入”；D：laughed “大笑”。根据空前“I was sitting in the office”和空后“and asked why I was late”可知作者在办公室里，因此校长进入办公室找作者谈话。故选C。
34．句意：我解释说这封邮件提供的信息是错误的。A：remembered“记住”；B：explained“解释”；C：guessed“推测”；D：hoped“希望”。根据上文“During the 14 , I was sitting in the office when the headmaster 15 and asked why I was late.”和“that the email had given the wrong information”可知，校长问作者迟到的原因，因此作者要对迟到做出解释。故选B。
35．句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A：only“仅仅”；B：still“仍然”；C：even“甚至”；D：almost “几乎”。校长认为不管邮件怎么说，作者仍然要提前到学校。故选B。
36．句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A：funny“搞笑的”；B：honest“诚实的”；C：kind“善良的”；D：clever “聪明的”。根据下文“The headmaster's 19 _ had a strong influence on me, and then I 20 to become a smart person.”可知，校长认为提前到校是聪明人的做法。故选D。
37．句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A：spelling“拼写”；B：words“话”；C：suffering“痛苦”；D：books“书”。根据下文“Since then I have never been late for school.”可知，校长的话使得作者再也没有迟到过，校长说的话对我产生了很大的影响。故选B。
38．句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A：decided“决定”；B：happened“发生”；C：failed“失败”；D：refused “拒绝”。根据下文“Since then I have never been late for school.”可知，作者已经做出了改变，决定成为一个聪明人。故选A。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One act of
kindness is leading to another. And as kindness 　39． 　 (pass) to another, new
friendships are forming and existing ones are strengthening.
My elderly
neighbor called my daughter and me 　40． 　 (pick) fruits from her tree as the
fruits were high and it was required to step on a huge ladder to get them.
After an hour spent 　41． 　 (chat) and picking the fruits, she treated us to a
glass of fruit juice. 　42． 　 addition, she gave us plenty of fruits to hand out
to 　43． 　 (we) friends.
I then gave them
to three other senior friends of mine. One of them gave me a hot tomato soup. I
tasted it. It was so delicious 　44． 　 I couldn't help asking her about it. She
told me that her mom and grandma were both top 　45． 　 (cook) and she learned it
from them when she was helping them in her youth.
This was 　46． 　
(total) unexpected and interesting to know. Besides, she invited me again and
agreed that we would prepare the dish together, 　47． 　 was the best part of
all. I feel very 　48． 　 (thank) for these friendships and connections.
Kindness and friendship always go hand in hand.
【答案】39．is passed/ is being passed；40．to pick；41．chatting；42．In；43．our；44．that；45．cooks；46．totally；47．which；48．thankful
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过分享邻居家的果子增进了朋友之间的友谊。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，代词，状语从句，名词，副词，定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
39．句意：当善良传递给他人时，新的友谊正在形成，现有的友谊也在加强。根据下文“new friendships are forming and existing ones are strengthening”可知，此处时态可用一般现在时或现在进行时，谓语动词pass和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be done或be being done，因主语kindness为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填is passed/ is being passed。
40．句意：我年迈的邻居叫我和女儿去摘她那棵树上的果子，因为果子很高，需要爬上一架巨大的梯子才能摘到。call sb to do sth固定短语，“叫某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填to pick。
41．句意：在闲聊了一个小时并摘了水果后，她请我们喝了一杯果汁。spend some time（in）doing sth固定短语，“花费时间做........”，动名词作介词in的宾语，in可省略。故填chatting。
42．句意：此外，她还给了我们很多水果来分给我们的朋友。in addition固定短语，“另外，此外”，故填In。
43．句意：此外，她还给了我们很多水果来分给我们的朋友。根据空格后的名词friends，可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填our。
44．句意：它是如此美味，我忍不住问她（怎么做的）。so…that...，固定句式，“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
45．句意：她告诉我，她的妈妈和奶奶都是顶尖的厨师，她年轻时帮助他们的时候就从他们那里学到了这一点。因主语“her mom and grandma”两个人为复数，所以应用可数名词cook的复数形式，作表语。故填cooks。
46．句意：这完全出乎意料，而且也很有趣。修饰形容词应用副词，所以此处应用total的副词形式修饰过去分词转化的形容词unexpected。故填totally。
47．句意：此外，再说，她又邀请我，答应我们一起准备菜，这是最好的一部分。 was the best part of all是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，关系代词which引导从句，代指先行词，在从句中作主语。故填which。
48．句意：我非常感谢这些友谊和联系。根据系动词feel可知，此处应填thank的形容词作表语。故填thankful。
五、短文改错（满分10分）
49．（2021高一下·大理开学考）短文改错
Hello, Mr. Smith,
I was glad that you are interested in Chinese tea culture as a foreigner. I'll
give you a brief introduction. It is known to all, China is the hometown of tea
but Chinese tea has been widespread all over the world. Tea culture has a
history of about five thousands years. It is a custom to serve tea to guests in
China. Drink tea every day can help us keep fit. What's much, some kinds of tea
can even help us lose the weight. If it is conveniently for you, I would like
invite you to drink tea in my house this weekend. Then more tea culture will be
introducing to you.
【答案】①was→ am ②It→ As ③but→and ④thousands→thousand ⑤Drink→Drinking ⑥much→more ⑦去掉the ⑧conveniently→convenient ⑨invite前面加to ⑩introducing→introduced
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向Mr Smith介绍了中国的茶文化。
（1）句意：你好，Smith先生，我很高兴你作为一个外国人对中国茶文化感兴趣。根据全文可知文中时态都是一般现在时，所以作者的高兴也是现在高兴，需用一般现在时，故was改为am。
（2）句意：正如众所周知的，中国是茶的故乡但中国茶早已经遍布全世界。分析句子结构可知，句中是两个完整的句子，但是没有连词连接，所以需要有一个连词来连接句子，又根据句意可知，第一句应该是在句中作状语，故It改为As。
（3）句意：正如众所周知的，中国是茶的故乡但中国茶早已经遍布全世界。分析句子结构，“China is the hometown of tea”与“ Chinese tea has been widespread all over the world.”是并列关系，没有转折关系，故将but改为and。
（4）句意：茶文化已经有大约五千年的历史。thousand与of 连用时用复数形式，故thousands改为thousand。
（5）句意：每天喝茶可以帮助我们保持健康。“喝茶”在句中作主语，应用动名词，故Drink改为Drinking。
（6）句意：更重要的是，一些茶还可以帮助我们减肥。what's more，固定短语，“更重要的是”，故much改为more。
（7）句意：更重要的是，一些茶还可以帮助我们减肥。lose weight，固定短语，“减肥”，故the去掉。
（8）句意：如果你方便的话，我想邀请你这周末来我家品茶。conveniently 前面是系动词，需接形容词作表语，故conveniently改为convenient。
（9）句意：如果你方便的话，我想邀请你这周末来我家品茶。would like to do，固定短语，“想要做......”，故在invite前加to。
（10）句意：到时候我会向你介绍更多的茶文化。分析句子结构可知，句中introducing与主语是被动关系，应用be+动词ed形式，故introducing改为introduced。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，连词，数词，非谓语动词，冠词，形容词 ，时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
50．（2021高一下·大理开学考）假定你是李华，在你校交换生朋友Peter的帮助下，你提高了英语成绩。请给他写封感谢信，内容包括：
1）表达谢意；
2）事情经过；
3）你的收获。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）开头和结尾已为你写好。
【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to you. Thank you for improving my English. Do you remember my English used to be poor Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset. Then you offered to help me. You asked me what prevented me from making progress. I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar. Then you urged me to memorize ten words every day. You also explained grammar knowledge to me over and over again.
You made me find an effective way to learn English and realize learning comes by steps. Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写封感谢信。写作背景：在你校交换生朋友Peter的帮助下，你提高了英语成绩。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表达谢意；2）事情经过；3）你的收获。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Thank you for improving my English. 运用了祈使句；Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset.运用了让步状语从句，非限制性定语从句； You asked me what prevented me from making progress.运用了宾语从句； I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar. 运用了宾语从句；Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.运用了并列句。
1 / 1云南省大理州宾川县第四完全中学2020-2021学年高一下学期见面考英语试题
一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
1．（2021高一下·邢台开学考）阅读理解
If
you want to find a book for your children, here are some books that you can
choose from.
Charlie Thorne and the
Last Equation by Stuart Gibbs
The
CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式),
which could destroy the world if the bad people get it. For help，they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who is as smart as Albert
Einstein. Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.
AstroNuts by
Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg
In
AstroNuts , the Earth has been
destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount
Rushmore. the main office of NASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for
human life. Finally, they discover one：
Plant Planet. The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet. Readers who
love science fiction (科幻小说) will enjoy AstroNuts.
Stargazing by
Jen Wang
Christine
hears that Moon, who is new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for
fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two
kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's
experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship.
Roll with It by
Jamie Sumner
Roll with It
is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on
her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to
take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new
friendships. This book is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story
that really shows the value of family.
（1）Which of the following encourages readers to protect the Earth
A．Stargazing.
B．AstroNuts.
C．Roll with It.
D．Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.
（2）What's special about Stargazing
A．It mainly discusses animals' stories.
B．It includes much scientific knowledge.
C．It is mainly about how to make friends.
D．It is connected with the author's own experiences.
（3）What can we learn about Ellie
A．She doesn't want to go to another state.
B．She has trouble communicating with others.
C．She is carefully looked after by her grandpa.
D．She has to solve problems faced in a new place.
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
Warren Edward
Buffett was born on August 30, 1930. As the second oldest kid in his family, he
has two sisters. He showed an amazing talent (天资) for both money and business at a very early age.
At the age of
six, Buffett bought six-packs of Coca-Cola from his grandfather's store for
twenty-five cents and resold each of the bottles for five cents. While other
children of his age were playing, Buffett was making money. Five years later,
Buffett took his first step into the world of high finance (金融).
At eleven years
old, he bought three shares (股票)of Cities Service Preferred (CSP) at $ 38 per share for both
himself and his sister, Doris. Shortly after buying them, the shares fell to
just over $ 27 per share. Though Buffett felt frightened, he held his shares
until they went up to $ 40. He immediately sold them—a mistake he would soon
come to regret, because each share of the CSP went up to $ 200. The experience
taught him that investing (投资)needed time and a patient
wait.
In 1947, Buffett
graduated from high school when he was 17 years old. It was never his plan to
go to college. He had already made $ 5,000 by delivering newspapers. His father
had other plans and strongly advised his son to attend the Wharton Business
School at the University of Pennsylvania. Buffett only stayed there for two
years, saying that he knew more than his professors. He returned home and went
to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Despite working full-time, he managed to
graduate in only three years. Buffett approached graduate studies with the same
resistance he displayed a few years earlier. He was finally persuaded to apply
to Harvard Business School, which refused him because he was too young. Buffett
then applied to Columbia University, where he got an experience that would
forever change his life from famous investors Ben Graham and David Dodd.
2．What do we know about Buffett
A．He showed a natural ability to do business in childhood.
B．He was born in a poor but loving family.
C．He often made mistakes during his childhood.
D．He didn't get along well with his sisters.
3．What did Buffett learn from his experience of buying CSP shares
A．Investment needs patience.
B．Regretting is useless in the investment.
C．Experience is valuable for investment.
D．Mistakes are unavoidable during the investment.
4．Why did Buffett leave the Wharton Business School
A．He wanted to help his grandfather.
B．He was not satisfied with his professors.
C．He preferred the university in his hometown.
D．He showed he was unwilling to make friends there.
5．What's the last paragraph mainly about
A．Buffett's interest. B．Buffett's family.
C．Buffett's education. D．Buffett's working experience.
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
We will all
probably know both some introverts (内向的人) and extroverts (外向的人) in life, and yet we
can gain a wrong impression about both types of people. For example, some
introverts can be extremely confident and they can be able people. However,
some extroverts aren't as confident as they'd like to appear to be
and often try to hide their true identities behind a false appearance.
Shyness can
affect both introverts and extroverts and anybody else too. It can be very
debilitating (使衰弱的) and, if
severe, can have a huge negative influence upon our ability to form meaningful
relationships and it can also affect our careers or jobs.
A lot of people
feel shy because they have low self-respect and feel unworthy when comparing
themselves to others. They find it difficult to communicate with others whom
they don't know. In that case, one of the best ways of overcoming the shyness
is to focus the attention on the other person instead. Shy people can try
changing people's focus on someone else, so that they don't need to talk about
themselves too much.
If you recognize
that you are shy and see that as a lion in the way of enjoying your life. you should
first overcome it by accepting that it's causing a problem for you. Trying
getting into conversations with strangers is helpful. Shy people are
challenging themselves and over- coming their shyness. In this way, shy people
can get their own self-respect. Each time they do it, this will be repeated
until they feel confident enough.
Like any negative
thought, determination can also help you beat shyness and having a positive
attitude is the key to overcoming the shyness.
6．What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2
A．The difference between introverts and extroverts.
B．The relationship between ability and shyness.
C．The harmful effects of shyness.
D．The cause of shyness.
7．Why do people feel shy when communicating with others
A．They are afraid of learning from others.
B．They are often made fun of.
C．They are short of confidence.
D．They have to talk too much.
8．What does the author advise shy people to do to overcome shyness
A．Do sports as much as they can.
B．Listen to the voice in their heart.
C．Have a good talk with their parents.
D．Keep a strong belief in supporting themselves.
9．What's the best title for the text
A．How to Overcome Shyness B．Tips of Expressing Shyness
C．How to Understand Introverts D．Tips of Talking with Extroverts
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读理解
Belly fat (stomach
fat) has long been thought to be especially bad for your heart, but now, a new
study adds more evidence to the idea that it may also be bad for your brain.
The study, from
the United Kingdom, found that people who were overweight and had a high waist-to-hip
ratio (a measure of belly fat) had slightly lower brain volumes (容量), on average, compared with people who were
just over weight or had a healthy weight. Specifically, belly fat was connected
with lower volumes of gray matter, the brain tissue (组织)
that contains nerve cells.
"Our
research looked at a large group of people and found obesity (肥胖),specifically around the middle, may be linked
with brain shrinkage (萎缩)," lead study author Mark
Hamer, a professor at Southborough University, said in a statement.
Lower brain
volume, or brain shrinkage, has been linked with a higher risk of memory recession,
which leads to being forgetful.
The new findings,
published on Jan. 9 in the journal Neurology,
suggested that the combination of obesity (as measured by body mass index,
or BMI) and a high waist—to—hip ratio may cause brain shrinkage.
However, the
study found only a connection between belly fat and lower brain volume, but
couldn't prove that belly fat actually caused brain shrinkage. It could be that
people with lower volumes of gray matter in certain brain areas are at a higher
risk of obesity. Future studies are needed to find out the causes for the
connection.
10．What can we infer about belly fat from the new study
A．Belly fat may have a bad influence on our brain.
B．Belly fat can help increase brain volumes.
C．Belly fat affects people's diet.
D．Belly fat is bad for our eyes.
11．Who most probably suffer from brain shrinkage according to the new study
A．A tall and thin man. B．A man with too much belly fat.
C．A short and thin man. D．A man with normal body weight.
12．What does the underlined word "recession" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Going ahead. B．Getting poor.
C．Getting active. D．Going around.
13．What do the researchers need to study further according to the text
A．The real cause of getting obesity.
B．The danger of getting too much fat.
C．The bad effect caused by belly fat and brain shrinkage.
D．The reasons for the connection between belly fat and brain shrinkage.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）根据内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选
We expect the
technology in our life to work every time we turn a machine on. It's terrible
when they don't work, especially when we don't know how to solve the problem. You
turn the machine on, but see the black screen. 　14． 　
A computer screen
that doesn't turn on may be a sign of a broken screen or a bad connection
between the computer and the monitor (显示).Trying another monitor or connecting line is a simple way to see
if one or the other is broken-down. 　15． 　
For windows users,
they could face a system files corruption (损坏). Turning on your computer, you might see the black screen and
words on the screen remind you the corruption. In that case, you may need to
restart your computer and enter the recovery mode (恢复模式)。
　16． 　 In that
case you need to open the computer case and clean the fan.
　17． 　 Apple's
iOS users might need to restart their phones, though the method differs
depending on the model. If you are a owner of the iPhone 11 or a newer model, you
can press and let go of the volume-up and do the same to the volume-down
button, then press and hold the side button until you see the Apple logo.
If the problem
keeps occurring, you'd better have a professional (专业人员) take a look at it. 　18． 　
A. A choice is to use a DVD.
B. Phone users also face the black screen.
C. What should you do when it happens
D. If it is useless you need to do a further check.
E. Another cause might be a problem with the cooling fan.
F. You'd better not deal with it yourself in case your machine is
broken.
G. Android users should hold down the power button for about five
seconds.
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had to work as
a substitute teacher (代课老师) before
finding a full-time teaching job. One day, I 19． my first substitute job at a school. The 20． said that I had to arrive at
school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.
As it was my 21． day at this school, I made
sure of leaving plenty of 22． to get to school. I got up early so I 23． at the school at about 7:50
am. I sat in my car for ten minutes playing with my phone to 24． time. Then I walked into the
teaching building and up to the reception (接待) desk at 8:00. When I told the receptionist my 25． , she shouted at me for being 26． and said that the headmaster
was managing the class until I 27． .
I said the email
I received 28． told me to arrive at school at 8:00, but the
receptionist said what I said was a (n) 29． . I finally gave up trying to 30． with her, went up to the
classroom, and took over the class from the 31． .
During the 32． I was sitting in the office
when the headmaster 33． and asked why I was late. I 34． that the email had given the
wrong information. He said that even though that was what the email said, I 35． should have gotten to school
before 8:00 am because that's what 36． people do, in case something
unexpected might happen.
The headmaster's 37． had a strong influence on me,
and then I 38． to become a smart person. Since then I have
never been late for school.
19．A．created B．lost C．did D．got
20．A．email B．pack C．call D．report
21．A．busy B．big C．first D．hard
22．A．power B．time C．money D．space
23．A．arrived B．taught C．pointed D．shouted
24．A．set B．check C．save D．kill
25．A．survey B．number C．name D．address
26．A．polite B．careless C．strong D．late
27．A．gave in B．looked around C．showed up D．dropped out
28．A．clearly B．repeatedly C．openly D．usually
29．A．trap B．result C．excuse D．fact
30．A．agree B．argue C．go D．compare
31．A．guard B．student C．professor D．headmaster
32．A．rest B．training C．study D．meeting
33．A．stopped B．escaped C．entered D．laughed
34．A．remembered B．explained C．guessed D．hoped
35．A．only B．still C．even D．almost
36．A．funny B．honest C．kind D．clever
37．A．spelling B．words C．suffering D．books
38．A．decided B．happened C．failed D．refused
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2021高一下·大理开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One act of
kindness is leading to another. And as kindness 　39． 　 (pass) to another, new
friendships are forming and existing ones are strengthening.
My elderly
neighbor called my daughter and me 　40． 　 (pick) fruits from her tree as the
fruits were high and it was required to step on a huge ladder to get them.
After an hour spent 　41． 　 (chat) and picking the fruits, she treated us to a
glass of fruit juice. 　42． 　 addition, she gave us plenty of fruits to hand out
to 　43． 　 (we) friends.
I then gave them
to three other senior friends of mine. One of them gave me a hot tomato soup. I
tasted it. It was so delicious 　44． 　 I couldn't help asking her about it. She
told me that her mom and grandma were both top 　45． 　 (cook) and she learned it
from them when she was helping them in her youth.
This was 　46． 　
(total) unexpected and interesting to know. Besides, she invited me again and
agreed that we would prepare the dish together, 　47． 　 was the best part of
all. I feel very 　48． 　 (thank) for these friendships and connections.
Kindness and friendship always go hand in hand.
五、短文改错（满分10分）
49．（2021高一下·大理开学考）短文改错
Hello, Mr. Smith,
I was glad that you are interested in Chinese tea culture as a foreigner. I'll
give you a brief introduction. It is known to all, China is the hometown of tea
but Chinese tea has been widespread all over the world. Tea culture has a
history of about five thousands years. It is a custom to serve tea to guests in
China. Drink tea every day can help us keep fit. What's much, some kinds of tea
can even help us lose the weight. If it is conveniently for you, I would like
invite you to drink tea in my house this weekend. Then more tea culture will be
introducing to you.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
50．（2021高一下·大理开学考）假定你是李华，在你校交换生朋友Peter的帮助下，你提高了英语成绩。请给他写封感谢信，内容包括：
1）表达谢意；
2）事情经过；
3）你的收获。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）开头和结尾已为你写好。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本适合孩子阅读的书。
（1）考查细节理解。根据AstroNuts部分中的“The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet.“这个故事的主题很简单:不要伤害地球。可知，AstroNuts这本书的主题是不要破坏地球，即保护地球。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Stargazing部分中的“Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child.”《观星》是基于Jen Wang小时候的经历。可知，Stargazing这本书的特别之处在于与作者自己的经历有关。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据Roll with It 部分中的“When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. “当Ellie和她的妈妈搬到另一个州照顾Ellie的爷爷时，她必须学会应付新的学校和新的友谊。可知，Ellie因为搬到新的州，所以她必须适应新的学校，建立新的友谊，即她不得不处理在新的地方遇到的问题。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】2．A
3．A
4．B
5．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了巴菲特早年展现理财天赋以及他的求学经历。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“He showed an amazing talent (天资)for both money and business at a very early age.”巴菲特在很小的时候就显示出了理财经商的天赋。可知，巴菲特在童年时期就展现了经商的天赋。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The experience taught him that investing (投资)needed time and a patient wait.”此次经历教会他投资需要时间和耐心的等待，可知，尽管巴菲特等到自己的股票涨了才卖，但这支股票每股最终涨到了200美元。因此，他的第一次购股经历教会了他投资需要足够的耐心。故选A。
4．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“His father had other plans and strongly advised his son to attend the Wharton Business School at the University of Pennsylvania. Buffett only stayed there for two years ， saying that he knew more than his professors.”他的父亲有其他的计划，并强烈建议他去宾夕法尼亚的沃顿商学院学习。巴菲特只在那里待了两年就离开了，说他比自己的教授懂的多。可知，巴菲特离沃顿商学院是因为他认为他比教授们懂得多。可推断，他对教授们不满意。故选B。
5．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“In 1947, Buffett graduated from high school when he was 17 years old....Buffett only stayed there for two years...He returned home and went to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. ...Buffett then applied to Columbia University” 1947年巴菲特高中毕业，那时他17岁......巴菲特只在那里（沃顿商学院）待了两年......他回到家乡上了内布拉加斯加大学林肯分校...... 巴菲特申请了哥伦比亚大学。可知，本段主要讲述巴菲特的求学经历，即受教育情况。故选C。
【答案】6．C
7．C
8．D
9．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了克服害羞的方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Shyness can affect both introverts and extroverts and anybody else too. It can be very debilitating （使衰弱的）and, if severe, can have a huge negative influence upon our ability to form meaningful relationships and it can also affect our careers or jobs.”内向者、外向者和任何人都可能受到害羞的影响。它会使人非常虚弱，如果严重的话，会对我们建立有意义的人际关系的能力产生巨大的负面影响，还会影响我们的事业或工作。可知，作者想告诉我们害羞的不良影响。故选C。
7．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A lot of people feel shy because they have low self-respect and feel unworthy when comparing themselves to others.”很多人感到害羞，因为他们自卑，在与别人比较时觉得自己不值得。可知，很多人在和他人交流时，感到害羞的原因是他们缺乏自信。故选C。
8．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Like any negative thought， determination can also help you beat shyness and having a positive attitude is the key to overcoming the shyness.”和任何消极的想法一样，决心也能帮助你战胜害羞，而拥有积极的态度是克服害羞的关键。可知，作者认为克服害羞需要坚定的信念。故选D。
9．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了克服害羞的方法。A项How to Overcome Shyness“如何克服害羞”为最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】10．A
11．B
12．B
13．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究。该研究发现腹部脂肪与低脑容量之间存在一定的联系，可能对人的大脑有不良影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Belly fat（stomach fat） has long been thought to be especially bad for your heart, but now, a new study adds more evidence to the idea that it may also be bad for your brain.”长期以来人们都认为腹部脂肪对心脏特别不好，但是现在，一项新的研究提供了更多的证据，证明它还可能对你的大脑有害。可知，这项新的研究发现腹部脂肪可能会对人的大脑有不良影响。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Our research looked at a large group of people and found obesity （肥胖）,specifically around the middle， may be linked with brain shrinkage （萎缩），”我们的研究观察了一大群人，发现肥胖，尤其是腰部肥胖，可能与大脑萎缩有关。可知，肥胖的人尤其是腹部脂肪过多的人更容易得脑萎缩。故选B。
12．考查词义猜测。根据下文“which leads to being forgetful.”这会导致健忘。可知，该词义为“衰退”。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Future studies are needed to find out the causes for the connection.”未来的研究需要找出这种联系的原因。可知，研究者需要进一步研究以找出腹部脂肪和脑萎缩之间存在联系的原因。故选D。
【答案】14．C；15．D；16．E；17．B；18．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何解决电脑和手机黑屏的问题提出了一些建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
14．根据空前“You turn the machine on, but see the black screen.”你打开机器，但却看见了黑屏，可知，C. What should you do when it happens “当你遇到这种情况时，你该怎么做？”承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
15．根据空前“Trying another monitor or connecting line is a simple way to see if one or the other is broken-down.”尝试换另一个显示器或连接线是一个简单的方法，看看是否其中一个有问题，可知，D. If it is useless you need to do a further check.“如果这个方法没有用，你需要做进一步的检查”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
16．根据空后“you need to open the computer case and clean the fan.”打开机箱并清理风扇的方法，E. Another cause might be a problem with the cooling fan.“另一个原因可能是散热风扇的问题”是黑屏出现的原因，下文是解决办法。故选E。
17．根据空后“Apple's iOS users might need to restart their phones, though the method differs depending on the model. If you are a owner of the iPhone 11 or a newer model， you can press and let go of the volume-up and do the same to the volume-down button, then press and hold the side button until you see the Apple logo.”介绍了苹果手机iOS操作系统用户在遇到手机黑屏死机现象后该如何操作，B. Phone users also face the black screen.“手机用户也会遇到黑屏”引领下文，介绍手机黑屏如何操作。故选B。
18．根据空前“If the problem keeps occurring, you'd better have a professional （专业人员）take a look at it.”如果黑屏死机问题继续发生，你最好找专业人员看看。可知，F项中的“You'd better not deal with it yourself ”与上文的“you'd better have a professional （专业人员）take a look at it.”相符，因此推断F. You'd better not deal with it yourself in case your machine is broken.“以防你的机器损坏，你最好不要自己处理”符合语境，如果自己不能处理黑屏，就要找专业人员处理。故选F。
【答案】19．D；20．A；21．C；22．B；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．D；27．C；28．A；29．C；30．B；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．B；36．D；37．B；38．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一天做代课工作迟到后所得到的教训。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．句意：有一天，我在一所学校找到了第一份代课工作。A：created“创造”；B：lost“丢失”；C：did“做”；D：got “得到”。根据下文“The 2 said that I had to arrive at school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.”可知，作者被要求去学校签到，可推测，作者得到了一份代课老师的工作。故选D。
20．句意：邮件上说我必须早上8点到学校签到。A：email“邮件”；B：pack“包裹”；C：call“电话”；D：report“报名”。根据下文“I 16 that the email had given the wrong information.”可知，作者是接收到了一封邮件。故选A。
21．句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A：busy“忙碌的”；B：big“大的”；C：first“第一的”；D：hard “困难的”。根据上文“One day, I ____1____my first substitute job at a school.”和下文“I made sure of leaving plenty of 4 to get to school. ”可推测，作者是第一天到学校上班。故选C。
22．句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A：power“力量”；B：time“时间”；C：money“钱”；D：space “空间”。根据下文“I sat in my car for ten minutes playing with my phone to ___6___ time.”可知，作者在第一天到学校时给自己留下了充足的时间。故选B。
23．句意：我起得很早，所以大约早上7点50分到学校。A：arrived“到达”；B：taught“教”；C：pointed“指”；D：shouted “大叫”。这里指作者在7点50分到达学校。故选A。
24．句意：我坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。A：set“放置”；B：check“检查”；C：save“挽救，节省”；D：kill“消磨，杀害”。kill time固定短语，“消磨时间”。作者坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。故选D。
25．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：survey“问卷，调查”；B：number“数字”；C：name“名字”；D：address “地址”。根据上文“The ___2___ said that I had to arrive at school at 8:00 am when I would sign in.”可知，此处作者告诉接待员自己的名字用以签到。故选C。
26．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：polite“礼貌的”；B：careless“粗心的”；C：strong“强壮的”；D：late“迟到的”。根据下文“During the ___14___, I was sitting in the office when the headmaster ___15___ and asked why I was late. ”可知，作者是迟到了。故选D。
27．句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A：gave in“屈服”；B：looked around“环视”；C：showed up“出现”；D：dropped out A“退出”。根据下文“I finally gave up trying to ___12___ with her, went up to the classroom, and took over the class from the ___13___.”可知，在作者出现之前是校长在管理班级。故选C。
28．句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A：clearly“清楚地”；B：repeatedly“重复地”；C：openly“公开地”；D：usually “通常”。根据句意可知，此处是邮件上清楚地说明要求作者8点到学校。故选A。
29．句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A：trap“圈套”；B：result“结果”；C：excuse“借口”；D：fact “事实”。接待员认为作者在找借口以掩饰自己迟到的事实。故选C。
30．句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A：agree“同意”；B：argue“争论”；C：go“走”；D：compare “比较”。根据上文“I said the email I received ___10___ told me to arrive at school at 8:00, but the receptionist said what I said was a(n) ___11___. ”可知，作者之前在和接待员争论自己是否迟到这件事。故选B。
31．句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A：guard“警卫”；B：student“学生”；C：professor“教授”；D：headmaster “校长”。根据上文“ When I told the receptionist my ___7___ , she shouted at me for being ___8___ and said that the headmaster was managing the class until I ___9___.”可知，作者到达学校后从校长手中接管了班级。故选D。
32．句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A：rest“休息”；B：training“训练”；C：study“学习”；D：meeting “会议”。根据空后“I was sitting in the office”可知，作者坐在办公室，可推测，校长是在休息的时候找作者谈话。故选A。
33．句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A：stopped“停止”；B：escaped“逃脱”；C：entered“进入”；D：laughed “大笑”。根据空前“I was sitting in the office”和空后“and asked why I was late”可知作者在办公室里，因此校长进入办公室找作者谈话。故选C。
34．句意：我解释说这封邮件提供的信息是错误的。A：remembered“记住”；B：explained“解释”；C：guessed“推测”；D：hoped“希望”。根据上文“During the 14 , I was sitting in the office when the headmaster 15 and asked why I was late.”和“that the email had given the wrong information”可知，校长问作者迟到的原因，因此作者要对迟到做出解释。故选B。
35．句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A：only“仅仅”；B：still“仍然”；C：even“甚至”；D：almost “几乎”。校长认为不管邮件怎么说，作者仍然要提前到学校。故选B。
36．句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A：funny“搞笑的”；B：honest“诚实的”；C：kind“善良的”；D：clever “聪明的”。根据下文“The headmaster's 19 _ had a strong influence on me, and then I 20 to become a smart person.”可知，校长认为提前到校是聪明人的做法。故选D。
37．句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A：spelling“拼写”；B：words“话”；C：suffering“痛苦”；D：books“书”。根据下文“Since then I have never been late for school.”可知，校长的话使得作者再也没有迟到过，校长说的话对我产生了很大的影响。故选B。
38．句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A：decided“决定”；B：happened“发生”；C：failed“失败”；D：refused “拒绝”。根据下文“Since then I have never been late for school.”可知，作者已经做出了改变，决定成为一个聪明人。故选A。
【答案】39．is passed/ is being passed；40．to pick；41．chatting；42．In；43．our；44．that；45．cooks；46．totally；47．which；48．thankful
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过分享邻居家的果子增进了朋友之间的友谊。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，代词，状语从句，名词，副词，定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
39．句意：当善良传递给他人时，新的友谊正在形成，现有的友谊也在加强。根据下文“new friendships are forming and existing ones are strengthening”可知，此处时态可用一般现在时或现在进行时，谓语动词pass和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be done或be being done，因主语kindness为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填is passed/ is being passed。
40．句意：我年迈的邻居叫我和女儿去摘她那棵树上的果子，因为果子很高，需要爬上一架巨大的梯子才能摘到。call sb to do sth固定短语，“叫某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填to pick。
41．句意：在闲聊了一个小时并摘了水果后，她请我们喝了一杯果汁。spend some time（in）doing sth固定短语，“花费时间做........”，动名词作介词in的宾语，in可省略。故填chatting。
42．句意：此外，她还给了我们很多水果来分给我们的朋友。in addition固定短语，“另外，此外”，故填In。
43．句意：此外，她还给了我们很多水果来分给我们的朋友。根据空格后的名词friends，可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填our。
44．句意：它是如此美味，我忍不住问她（怎么做的）。so…that...，固定句式，“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
45．句意：她告诉我，她的妈妈和奶奶都是顶尖的厨师，她年轻时帮助他们的时候就从他们那里学到了这一点。因主语“her mom and grandma”两个人为复数，所以应用可数名词cook的复数形式，作表语。故填cooks。
46．句意：这完全出乎意料，而且也很有趣。修饰形容词应用副词，所以此处应用total的副词形式修饰过去分词转化的形容词unexpected。故填totally。
47．句意：此外，再说，她又邀请我，答应我们一起准备菜，这是最好的一部分。 was the best part of all是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，关系代词which引导从句，代指先行词，在从句中作主语。故填which。
48．句意：我非常感谢这些友谊和联系。根据系动词feel可知，此处应填thank的形容词作表语。故填thankful。
49．【答案】①was→ am ②It→ As ③but→and ④thousands→thousand ⑤Drink→Drinking ⑥much→more ⑦去掉the ⑧conveniently→convenient ⑨invite前面加to ⑩introducing→introduced
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向Mr Smith介绍了中国的茶文化。
（1）句意：你好，Smith先生，我很高兴你作为一个外国人对中国茶文化感兴趣。根据全文可知文中时态都是一般现在时，所以作者的高兴也是现在高兴，需用一般现在时，故was改为am。
（2）句意：正如众所周知的，中国是茶的故乡但中国茶早已经遍布全世界。分析句子结构可知，句中是两个完整的句子，但是没有连词连接，所以需要有一个连词来连接句子，又根据句意可知，第一句应该是在句中作状语，故It改为As。
（3）句意：正如众所周知的，中国是茶的故乡但中国茶早已经遍布全世界。分析句子结构，“China is the hometown of tea”与“ Chinese tea has been widespread all over the world.”是并列关系，没有转折关系，故将but改为and。
（4）句意：茶文化已经有大约五千年的历史。thousand与of 连用时用复数形式，故thousands改为thousand。
（5）句意：每天喝茶可以帮助我们保持健康。“喝茶”在句中作主语，应用动名词，故Drink改为Drinking。
（6）句意：更重要的是，一些茶还可以帮助我们减肥。what's more，固定短语，“更重要的是”，故much改为more。
（7）句意：更重要的是，一些茶还可以帮助我们减肥。lose weight，固定短语，“减肥”，故the去掉。
（8）句意：如果你方便的话，我想邀请你这周末来我家品茶。conveniently 前面是系动词，需接形容词作表语，故conveniently改为convenient。
（9）句意：如果你方便的话，我想邀请你这周末来我家品茶。would like to do，固定短语，“想要做......”，故在invite前加to。
（10）句意：到时候我会向你介绍更多的茶文化。分析句子结构可知，句中introducing与主语是被动关系，应用be+动词ed形式，故introducing改为introduced。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，连词，数词，非谓语动词，冠词，形容词 ，时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
50．【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to you. Thank you for improving my English. Do you remember my English used to be poor Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset. Then you offered to help me. You asked me what prevented me from making progress. I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar. Then you urged me to memorize ten words every day. You also explained grammar knowledge to me over and over again.
You made me find an effective way to learn English and realize learning comes by steps. Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写封感谢信。写作背景：在你校交换生朋友Peter的帮助下，你提高了英语成绩。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表达谢意；2）事情经过；3）你的收获。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Thank you for improving my English. 运用了祈使句；Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset.运用了让步状语从句，非限制性定语从句； You asked me what prevented me from making progress.运用了宾语从句； I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar. 运用了宾语从句；Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.运用了并列句。
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