2021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题：阅读理解

2021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题：阅读理解
一、阅读理解
（2021·全国甲）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd (2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith (2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1．Who would most probably enter for Take a view
A．Writers. B．Photographers. C．Painters. D．Tourists.
2．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow—covered forests.
3．Where can the text be found
A．In a history book. B．In a novel.
C．In an art magazine. D．In a biography.
（2021·全国甲）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Port
Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding（繁育）programme,
has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf（犀牛幼息）. When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th
black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were
delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being
difficult to breed in captivity（圈养）.
Paul
Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: "Obviously we're all
absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's
healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a
first—time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold
for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up. I have
no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every
day."
The
adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve,
but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be
returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port
Lympne arrived on January 5 to first—time mother Kisima and weighed about 32
kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve
and still live there.
According
to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as
low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.
4．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme
A．Costly. B．Controversial. C．Ambitious. D．Successful.
5．What does Paul Beer say about the new—born rhino
A．She loves staying with her mother. B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition D．She is sensitive to heat.
6．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have
A．They had their first born in January.
B．They enjoyed exploring new places
C．They lived with their grandmothers.
D．They were brought to the reserve young
7．What can be inferred about Porn—Lympne Reserve
A．The rhino section will be open to the public.
B．It aims to control the number of the animals.
C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
（2021·全国甲）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When I
was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on
a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city
except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a
loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank,
at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where
the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I
soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my
favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it.
Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）,
I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over,
helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick,
my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: " Safe! Safe! Safe!"
And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I
was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the
locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I
returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank,
spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently
this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to
watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who
rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin
teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man
next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here
20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe,
man. Safe."
"Yeah,"
I said. "Safe."
8．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A．He felt disappointed.
B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there.
D．He had disagreements with his family.
9．What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean
A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don't worry!
10．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
（2021·全国甲）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Who is
a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state
clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for
genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius
itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative
than the rest of us And who are they
In the
sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of
European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is
written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the
genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women,
or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected
by others.
A study
recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely
than boys to say that members of their gender（性别）are
"really, really smart." Even worse, the study found that girls act on
that belief Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for
children who are "really, really smart." Can our planet afford to
have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up It doesn't take a
genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's
the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all
positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look,
the more we will see that social factors（因素）like
gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer
says, future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity,
perseverance（毅力）, and simple good
fortune, who are able to change the world."
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14．Why are more geniuses known to the public
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
The
Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums
since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the
Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary
design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000
people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus,
which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to
mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable
seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.
Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands
standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world,
we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by
their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official
stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still
functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
Rungrado
1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity.
150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.
Michigan
Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened.
October 1, 1927.
Beaver
Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572.
Opened: September 17, I960.
Ohio
Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,
1922.
Kyle
Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened:
September 24,1927.
16．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A．104,944. B．107,601.
C．About 150,000. D．About 250,000.
17．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest
A．Michigan Stadium. B．Beaver Stadium.
C．Ohio Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
18．What do the listed stadiums have in common
A．They host big games.
B．They have become tourist attractions
C．They were built by Americans.
D．They are favored by architects
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
When almost everyone has a mobile
phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to
find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In
fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can
make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a
landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey （调查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and
they're keeping it as a security blanket —19 percent say they never use it
while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home
falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are
still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,
compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number
for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the
makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families,
like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather
than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest
the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to
the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the
phone （using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline
How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
19．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A．Their target users. B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions. D．Their complex design.
20．What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue. C．Remember. D．Remark.
21．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
22．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
You've heard that plastic is polluting
the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every
year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist
Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures
out of plastic garbage, foreing viewers to re-examine their relationship to
single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the
artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall
plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several
volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the
Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is
recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of
plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't
need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they
cannot be recycled. Every straw that' s part of Von Wong's artwork likely came
from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone,
the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted
to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of
plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic,
"Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of
plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also
help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
23．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
24．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
25．What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing C．Refreshing D．Challenging.
26．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
During an interview for one of my
books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the
level of distraction(干扰)in his open office, he said, “That's why
I have a membership at the coworking space across the street —so I can focus. "His comment struck me as strange. After all,
coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach
works
The researchers examined various levels
of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They
were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in
the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝),70
decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were
statistically insignificant; however,the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a
coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were
small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in
response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels
were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background
noise—not too loud and not total silence—may
actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background
noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our
imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of
"distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative
tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open
offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from
getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed,
the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect
the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a
certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
27．Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A．It helps him concentrate.
B．It blocks out background noise.
C．It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D．It encourages face-to-face interactions.
28．Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A．Total silence. B．50 decibels. C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
29．What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A．Personal privacy unprotected. B．Limited working space.
C．Restrictions on group discussion. D．Constant interruptions.
30．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He's a news reporter. B．He's on office manager.
C．He's a professional designer. D．He's a published writer.
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
Rome can be pricey for
travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel ( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in
a dorm room for around
$25 a night, and for
that, you'll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro
Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des
Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
31．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Security. C．Price. D．Location.
32．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
33．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It's inconveniently located.
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare though he go on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand," Mr Titterton said, "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
"My husband is the worst page turner," she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!' "Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
34．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A．Read music. B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments.
35．Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage
A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
36．What does Titterton need to practise
A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”.
C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style.
37．Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worse page turner”
A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job.
（2021·新高考Ⅰ） 阅读理解
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
38．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A．Loss of wetlands. B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers. D．Arrival of other wild animals.
39．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A．Acquire. B．Export. C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
40．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
41．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
Popularization has in
some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people
now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a
person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character,
motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”
Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these
qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
42．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A．It can be measured by an IQ test.
B．It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.
D．It refers to a person's positive qualities.
43．Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.
44．What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
45．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played
with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found
himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw
in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a
totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an
Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley
couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered
landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small
neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years
searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he
came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a
town's central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the
three-platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should
see a big fountain"-and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a
child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's something about
me, " he thought—and
it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so
much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I
walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you
know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought
seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.
”
46．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
47．How did Brierley find his hometown
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
48．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview
A．His love for his mother. B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home. D．His memory of his hometown.
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named
John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about
slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to
the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10
miles a day.
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000
steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In
the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it
was as low as 15 per cent.
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families
are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house,
often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent
neighborhoods with limited public transport.
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for
health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities（机会）for children to get to know
their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk
and talk with their young scholar about their day.
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their
day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by "I'm hungry".
This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more
about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its
limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.
Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes（路线）, with days of regular, parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of
these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and
takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night
before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying.
49．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph
A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support her argument. D．To provide examples.
50．What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity
A．Plain laziness. B．Health problems.
C．Lack of time. D．Security concerns.
51．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile
A．She can get relaxed after work. B．She can keep physically fit.
C．She can help with her son's study. D．She can know her son better.
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures
that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩)
use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to
one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists
discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and
examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this
was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal
kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where
they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
"That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures,"
she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human language in that
respect. ”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys
can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do
not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was
a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the
animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her
foot to her crying baby, signaling:" Climb on me. " The youngster
immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together.
"The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is
meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr
Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the
University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich
our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results
were "a little disappointing".
"The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either
that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of
the information contained in their gestures and actions," she said.
"Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey
with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. "
52．What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter
A．Memorizing specific words. B．Understanding complex information.
C．Using voices to communicate. D．Communicating messages on purpose.
53．What did Dr Shultz think of the study
A．It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B．It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
54．What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean
A．Difference. B．Conflict. C．Balance. D．Connection.
55．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B．Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C．Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D．Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.”Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一，可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Mike Shepherd部分中的“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾；以及Timothy Smith部分中的“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片。可知Shepherd 和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛。结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知本文介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve ”她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛；以及倒数第二段中的“His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there. ”他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里。可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. ”她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了。可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. ”1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛；以及倒数第二段中的“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg.”1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port Lympne，体重约为32公斤。可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild”要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早。可推知，Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.”除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.”那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家。可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘I was a local here 20 years ago,' I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. ‘Safe, man. Safe.'”我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.”据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are ‘really, really smart.'”更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动。可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.” 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现。可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Who is a genius ”谁是天才；以及最后一段中的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with ‘intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.'”正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上最大的几座体育馆的相关信息。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
16．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. ”然而，与这座城市容纳了大约25万人的 Circus Maximus 相比，这微不足道。可知，Circus Maximus 可容纳约25万人。故选D。
17．考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段“ Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927. ”可知，Michigan Stadium 开业于1927年10月1日；倒数第三段“ Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. ”可知，Beaver Stadium 开业时间为1960年9月17日；倒数第二段 “Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. ”可知，Ohio Stadium 开业于1922年10月7日；以及最后一段 “Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.” 可知，Kyle Field 开业于1927年9月24日。可知，存在时间最长的是 Ohio Stadium。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第四段 “All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. ”所有这些体育场仍在运作，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。可知，列出的这些体育馆仍然会举办大型的比赛。故选A。
【答案】19．B
20．A
21．C
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚人使用电话的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．考查段落大意。根据第二段“ These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. ”如今，在澳大利亚，你很难找到一个15岁以上没有手机的人。事实上，很多年纪更小的孩子都有一个。几乎每个人都可以在任何时间、任何地点打电话和接听电话。 可知，不论年龄大小，几乎每个人都有手机，他们可以随时随地通话。故本段主要描述了手机广受欢迎，故选B。
20．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies ”他们将其作为一种安全保障——19%的人表示他们从未使用过固定电话，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况。可知，他们认为电话并不是必须的。故“a third concede that it's not really necessary”指三分之一的人承认固定电话并不是必须的，故选A。
21．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. 只有百分之五十八的Ys一代人仍然时不时地使用固定电话，跟婴儿潮时期出生的人，他们84%也许五十年来一直用同一个家庭号码，可知他们一直使用固定电话，故选C。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“ How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries ”你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？”煤气灯“以及”早晨送牛奶“已经是过去的事物了，因此可以推出“座机”会走上这两者的老路，“成为历史”，即“它总有一天会废弃的”。故选B。
【答案】23．C
24．A
25．B
26．D
【知识点】推理判断题；环境保护类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Von Wong 通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. ”你听说过塑料正在污染海洋——每年有在4.8到12.7吨的塑料进入海洋生态系统。但是一根塑料吸管或者一个杯子真的有影响吗？艺术家Benjamin Von Wong希望你们知道它的确如此。可知Von Wong的艺术品是为了提醒大众留意塑胶废物。故选C。
24．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. 及第二句中 because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled ”；以及“ Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. ”可知，该段讲了塑料吸管很难回收的现状以及其原因，也描述了塑料吸管要花很长的时间才能降解，用以展示它们回收的困难。故选A。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. ”可知，Von Wong 制作这个名为 Truckload of Plastic 的作品的目的是为了展示人类排放塑料垃圾的速度之快——每60秒，就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋，所以在参观这一雕塑时，参观者显然是会感到令人不安的，故选B。
26．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了 Von Wong 通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”，符合文意，故选D。
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．D
30．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了共同办公可以使人们更加集中经理投入工作。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, ‘That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.'”可知，他更喜欢共同办公空间的原因是在那里他可以更集中，故选A。
28．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one's creative thinking ability. ”可知，70分贝的环境能提高一个人的创造性思维能力，故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ The problem may be that, in our offices we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others'conversations while we're trying to focus. ”可知，很多人讨厌开放式办公室的原因是会被其他人打扰，故选D。
30．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. ”在一次关于我的一本书的采访中，我的采访者说了一些我至今还经常想起的话。可知，作者发布过书籍，所以他可能是一个出版过作品的作家，故选D。
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了罗马的几家旅社。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).” 罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅社。因此旅行者选择入住旅社最关心的问题可能是价格。故选C。
32．考查推理判断。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace 部分中的“ If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. ”如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。因此 Hostel Alessandro Palace 最适合享受积极社交生活的人。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 部分中的“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi. ”然而，你每天需要支付2欧元的Wi-Fi费用。因此 Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 的缺点就是它对Wi-Fi收费。故选C。
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了律师 Robert Titterton 在业余时间给音乐家做翻页人的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查 推理判断。根据第一段中的“ In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance." 不过，在业余时间，他会和钢琴家 Maria Raspopova 一起上台——不是以音乐家的身份，而是当她的翻页人。“我不是一个受过训练的音乐家，但我已经学会了识谱，这样我就可以帮助 Maria 完成她的表演。”可推知，Titterton 应学会识谱才能成为翻页人。故选A。
35．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 "A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." 这份工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页，当你必须回到正确的地方时，确保你在音乐中找到重复的部分。可推知，Titterton 在台上翻页的这份工作是高要求的。故选C。
36．考查细节理解。根据第四段“ Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding' to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. ”，成为一个翻页人需要大量的练习。有些乐曲可以播放40分钟，需要翻50页，包括重复段落的后退。舞台上的无声交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格，表示他们需要和翻页人练习翻页。因此翻页人需要练习识别钢琴家的“点头”风格。故选B。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 "‘My husband is the worst page turner,' she laughed. ‘He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!' " “我丈夫是最差劲的翻页人，”她笑着说。“他对音乐很感兴趣，能感知每一个音符，我不得不说：‘翻，翻！‘”可推知，Ms Raspopova 的丈夫经常忘记翻页，甚至要自己的妻子来提醒，也因此被妻子认为是“最差劲的翻页人”。故选D。
【答案】38．A
39．C
40．D
41．A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述由于水禽的大量减少，政府开始采取行动——联邦鸭邮票，并介绍了通过联邦鸭邮票筹集到的资金的去处。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
38．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”数百万英亩的湿地被晒干，为不断增长的人口提供食物和住所，大大减少了水禽的栖息地，故选A。
39．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“ Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.” 在探险家们来到北美洲前，这里环境很好，而来了之后很快水禽便大量减少，生态环境遭到破坏，所以此处指的是探险家们仅花了几十年便摧毁了北美洲的一大部分资源，故选C。
40．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System."可知，每一枚鸭子邮票中约有98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，因此政府筹集到了款项，故选D。
41．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述由于水禽的大量减少，政府开始采取行动——联邦鸭邮票，并介绍了通过联邦鸭邮票筹集到的资金的去处，所以文章主要是围绕联邦鸭邮票展开的，结合最后一段中的“ Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has bee called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated. ”难怪联邦鸭子邮票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一。可知A项，“联邦鸭邮票的故事”，符合题意。故选A。
【答案】42．D
43．B
44．A
45．B
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者对关于情商的研究的未来的期望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
42．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills.' ”现在许多人把情商误解为一个人的几乎所有需要的，智商测试无法测量的东西，例如比如性格，动机，自信，心理稳定，乐观和“人际交往能力”。可知选D。
43．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. ”提出了一个概念：我们更倾向于将情商描述为一组特定的技能，可用于好的或坏的目的；以及“The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.”来阐明这个概念，即医生可能会利用准确了解他人感受的能力来找出如何最好地帮助她的病人的方法，而骗子可能会利用它来控制潜在的受害者。情商高并不一定会让一个人成为一个有道德的人。故选B。
44．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. ”可知，作者认为宣传的整体效果是有益的，所以作者的态度是积极的，故选A。
45．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“ It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. ”我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角。专注于头脑和心灵的情商可以为我们指明正确的方向。可知，作者主要在描述他对关于情商的研究的未来的期望，故选B。
【答案】46．A
47．C
48．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
46．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.”当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车；以及第二段中的“That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.“那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市。可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A。
47．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures.”然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡；以及“Everything just started to match.“一切都开始匹配了。可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C。
48．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: 'My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变） just didn't know what to say: because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.'”在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B。
【答案】49．B
50．C
51．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
49．考查推理判断。根据第二段Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2: 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent of children walked to school while in 2010, it was as low as15 percent.今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%。说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B。
50．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Families are pressed for time: many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区。可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C。
51．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多。说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D。
【答案】52．D
53．B
54．A
55．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息。可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。
53．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were 'a little disappointing'。“曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”。可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。
54．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西。可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式；以及最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.“此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息。可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.所以，看来差异依然存在，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。
55．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate.研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义；以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以选项D：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。
1 / 12021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题：阅读理解
一、阅读理解
（2021·全国甲）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd (2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith (2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1．Who would most probably enter for Take a view
A．Writers. B．Photographers. C．Painters. D．Tourists.
2．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow—covered forests.
3．Where can the text be found
A．In a history book. B．In a novel.
C．In an art magazine. D．In a biography.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.”Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一，可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Mike Shepherd部分中的“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾；以及Timothy Smith部分中的“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片。可知Shepherd 和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛。结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知本文介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
（2021·全国甲）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Port
Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding（繁育）programme,
has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf（犀牛幼息）. When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th
black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were
delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being
difficult to breed in captivity（圈养）.
Paul
Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: "Obviously we're all
absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's
healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a
first—time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold
for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up. I have
no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every
day."
The
adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve,
but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be
returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port
Lympne arrived on January 5 to first—time mother Kisima and weighed about 32
kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve
and still live there.
According
to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as
low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.
4．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme
A．Costly. B．Controversial. C．Ambitious. D．Successful.
5．What does Paul Beer say about the new—born rhino
A．She loves staying with her mother. B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition D．She is sensitive to heat.
6．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have
A．They had their first born in January.
B．They enjoyed exploring new places
C．They lived with their grandmothers.
D．They were brought to the reserve young
7．What can be inferred about Porn—Lympne Reserve
A．The rhino section will be open to the public.
B．It aims to control the number of the animals.
C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve ”她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛；以及倒数第二段中的“His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there. ”他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里。可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. ”她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了。可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. ”1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛；以及倒数第二段中的“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg.”1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port Lympne，体重约为32公斤。可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild”要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早。可推知，Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D。
（2021·全国甲）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When I
was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on
a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city
except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a
loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank,
at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where
the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I
soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my
favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it.
Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）,
I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over,
helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick,
my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: " Safe! Safe! Safe!"
And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I
was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the
locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I
returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank,
spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently
this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to
watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who
rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin
teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man
next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here
20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe,
man. Safe."
"Yeah,"
I said. "Safe."
8．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A．He felt disappointed.
B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there.
D．He had disagreements with his family.
9．What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean
A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don't worry!
10．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.”除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.”那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家。可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘I was a local here 20 years ago,' I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. ‘Safe, man. Safe.'”我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
（2021·全国甲）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Who is
a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state
clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for
genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius
itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative
than the rest of us And who are they
In the
sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of
European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is
written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the
genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women,
or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected
by others.
A study
recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely
than boys to say that members of their gender（性别）are
"really, really smart." Even worse, the study found that girls act on
that belief Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for
children who are "really, really smart." Can our planet afford to
have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up It doesn't take a
genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's
the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all
positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look,
the more we will see that social factors（因素）like
gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer
says, future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity,
perseverance（毅力）, and simple good
fortune, who are able to change the world."
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14．Why are more geniuses known to the public
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.”据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are ‘really, really smart.'”更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动。可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.” 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现。可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Who is a genius ”谁是天才；以及最后一段中的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with ‘intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.'”正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
The
Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums
since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the
Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary
design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000
people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus,
which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to
mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable
seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.
Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands
standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world,
we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by
their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official
stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still
functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
Rungrado
1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity.
150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.
Michigan
Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened.
October 1, 1927.
Beaver
Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572.
Opened: September 17, I960.
Ohio
Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,
1922.
Kyle
Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened:
September 24,1927.
16．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A．104,944. B．107,601.
C．About 150,000. D．About 250,000.
17．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest
A．Michigan Stadium. B．Beaver Stadium.
C．Ohio Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
18．What do the listed stadiums have in common
A．They host big games.
B．They have become tourist attractions
C．They were built by Americans.
D．They are favored by architects
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上最大的几座体育馆的相关信息。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
16．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. ”然而，与这座城市容纳了大约25万人的 Circus Maximus 相比，这微不足道。可知，Circus Maximus 可容纳约25万人。故选D。
17．考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段“ Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927. ”可知，Michigan Stadium 开业于1927年10月1日；倒数第三段“ Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. ”可知，Beaver Stadium 开业时间为1960年9月17日；倒数第二段 “Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. ”可知，Ohio Stadium 开业于1922年10月7日；以及最后一段 “Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.” 可知，Kyle Field 开业于1927年9月24日。可知，存在时间最长的是 Ohio Stadium。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第四段 “All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. ”所有这些体育场仍在运作，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。可知，列出的这些体育馆仍然会举办大型的比赛。故选A。
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
When almost everyone has a mobile
phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to
find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In
fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can
make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a
landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey （调查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and
they're keeping it as a security blanket —19 percent say they never use it
while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home
falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are
still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,
compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number
for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the
makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families,
like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather
than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest
the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to
the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the
phone （using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline
How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
19．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A．Their target users. B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions. D．Their complex design.
20．What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue. C．Remember. D．Remark.
21．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
22．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
【答案】19．B
20．A
21．C
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚人使用电话的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．考查段落大意。根据第二段“ These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. ”如今，在澳大利亚，你很难找到一个15岁以上没有手机的人。事实上，很多年纪更小的孩子都有一个。几乎每个人都可以在任何时间、任何地点打电话和接听电话。 可知，不论年龄大小，几乎每个人都有手机，他们可以随时随地通话。故本段主要描述了手机广受欢迎，故选B。
20．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies ”他们将其作为一种安全保障——19%的人表示他们从未使用过固定电话，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况。可知，他们认为电话并不是必须的。故“a third concede that it's not really necessary”指三分之一的人承认固定电话并不是必须的，故选A。
21．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. 只有百分之五十八的Ys一代人仍然时不时地使用固定电话，跟婴儿潮时期出生的人，他们84%也许五十年来一直用同一个家庭号码，可知他们一直使用固定电话，故选C。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“ How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries ”你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？”煤气灯“以及”早晨送牛奶“已经是过去的事物了，因此可以推出“座机”会走上这两者的老路，“成为历史”，即“它总有一天会废弃的”。故选B。
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
You've heard that plastic is polluting
the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every
year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist
Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures
out of plastic garbage, foreing viewers to re-examine their relationship to
single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the
artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall
plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several
volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the
Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is
recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of
plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't
need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they
cannot be recycled. Every straw that' s part of Von Wong's artwork likely came
from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone,
the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted
to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of
plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic,
"Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of
plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also
help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
23．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
24．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
25．What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing C．Refreshing D．Challenging.
26．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
【答案】23．C
24．A
25．B
26．D
【知识点】推理判断题；环境保护类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Von Wong 通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. ”你听说过塑料正在污染海洋——每年有在4.8到12.7吨的塑料进入海洋生态系统。但是一根塑料吸管或者一个杯子真的有影响吗？艺术家Benjamin Von Wong希望你们知道它的确如此。可知Von Wong的艺术品是为了提醒大众留意塑胶废物。故选C。
24．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. 及第二句中 because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled ”；以及“ Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. ”可知，该段讲了塑料吸管很难回收的现状以及其原因，也描述了塑料吸管要花很长的时间才能降解，用以展示它们回收的困难。故选A。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. ”可知，Von Wong 制作这个名为 Truckload of Plastic 的作品的目的是为了展示人类排放塑料垃圾的速度之快——每60秒，就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋，所以在参观这一雕塑时，参观者显然是会感到令人不安的，故选B。
26．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了 Von Wong 通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”，符合文意，故选D。
（2021·全国乙）阅读理解
During an interview for one of my
books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the
level of distraction(干扰)in his open office, he said, “That's why
I have a membership at the coworking space across the street —so I can focus. "His comment struck me as strange. After all,
coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach
works
The researchers examined various levels
of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They
were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in
the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝),70
decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were
statistically insignificant; however,the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a
coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were
small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in
response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels
were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background
noise—not too loud and not total silence—may
actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background
noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our
imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of
"distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative
tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open
offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from
getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed,
the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect
the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a
certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
27．Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A．It helps him concentrate.
B．It blocks out background noise.
C．It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D．It encourages face-to-face interactions.
28．Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A．Total silence. B．50 decibels. C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
29．What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A．Personal privacy unprotected. B．Limited working space.
C．Restrictions on group discussion. D．Constant interruptions.
30．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He's a news reporter. B．He's on office manager.
C．He's a professional designer. D．He's a published writer.
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．D
30．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了共同办公可以使人们更加集中经理投入工作。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, ‘That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.'”可知，他更喜欢共同办公空间的原因是在那里他可以更集中，故选A。
28．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one's creative thinking ability. ”可知，70分贝的环境能提高一个人的创造性思维能力，故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ The problem may be that, in our offices we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others'conversations while we're trying to focus. ”可知，很多人讨厌开放式办公室的原因是会被其他人打扰，故选D。
30．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. ”在一次关于我的一本书的采访中，我的采访者说了一些我至今还经常想起的话。可知，作者发布过书籍，所以他可能是一个出版过作品的作家，故选D。
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
Rome can be pricey for
travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel ( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in
a dorm room for around
$25 a night, and for
that, you'll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro
Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des
Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
31．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Security. C．Price. D．Location.
32．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
33．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It's inconveniently located.
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了罗马的几家旅社。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).” 罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅社。因此旅行者选择入住旅社最关心的问题可能是价格。故选C。
32．考查推理判断。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace 部分中的“ If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. ”如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。因此 Hostel Alessandro Palace 最适合享受积极社交生活的人。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 部分中的“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi. ”然而，你每天需要支付2欧元的Wi-Fi费用。因此 Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 的缺点就是它对Wi-Fi收费。故选C。
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare though he go on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand," Mr Titterton said, "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
"My husband is the worst page turner," she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!' "Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
34．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A．Read music. B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments.
35．Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage
A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
36．What does Titterton need to practise
A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”.
C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style.
37．Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worse page turner”
A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了律师 Robert Titterton 在业余时间给音乐家做翻页人的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查 推理判断。根据第一段中的“ In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance." 不过，在业余时间，他会和钢琴家 Maria Raspopova 一起上台——不是以音乐家的身份，而是当她的翻页人。“我不是一个受过训练的音乐家，但我已经学会了识谱，这样我就可以帮助 Maria 完成她的表演。”可推知，Titterton 应学会识谱才能成为翻页人。故选A。
35．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 "A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." 这份工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页，当你必须回到正确的地方时，确保你在音乐中找到重复的部分。可推知，Titterton 在台上翻页的这份工作是高要求的。故选C。
36．考查细节理解。根据第四段“ Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding' to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. ”，成为一个翻页人需要大量的练习。有些乐曲可以播放40分钟，需要翻50页，包括重复段落的后退。舞台上的无声交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格，表示他们需要和翻页人练习翻页。因此翻页人需要练习识别钢琴家的“点头”风格。故选B。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 "‘My husband is the worst page turner,' she laughed. ‘He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!' " “我丈夫是最差劲的翻页人，”她笑着说。“他对音乐很感兴趣，能感知每一个音符，我不得不说：‘翻，翻！‘”可推知，Ms Raspopova 的丈夫经常忘记翻页，甚至要自己的妻子来提醒，也因此被妻子认为是“最差劲的翻页人”。故选D。
（2021·新高考Ⅰ） 阅读理解
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
38．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A．Loss of wetlands. B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers. D．Arrival of other wild animals.
39．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A．Acquire. B．Export. C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
40．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
41．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
【答案】38．A
39．C
40．D
41．A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述由于水禽的大量减少，政府开始采取行动——联邦鸭邮票，并介绍了通过联邦鸭邮票筹集到的资金的去处。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
38．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”数百万英亩的湿地被晒干，为不断增长的人口提供食物和住所，大大减少了水禽的栖息地，故选A。
39．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“ Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.” 在探险家们来到北美洲前，这里环境很好，而来了之后很快水禽便大量减少，生态环境遭到破坏，所以此处指的是探险家们仅花了几十年便摧毁了北美洲的一大部分资源，故选C。
40．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System."可知，每一枚鸭子邮票中约有98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，因此政府筹集到了款项，故选D。
41．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述由于水禽的大量减少，政府开始采取行动——联邦鸭邮票，并介绍了通过联邦鸭邮票筹集到的资金的去处，所以文章主要是围绕联邦鸭邮票展开的，结合最后一段中的“ Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has bee called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated. ”难怪联邦鸭子邮票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一。可知A项，“联邦鸭邮票的故事”，符合题意。故选A。
（2021·新高考Ⅰ）阅读理解
Popularization has in
some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people
now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a
person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character,
motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”
Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these
qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
42．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A．It can be measured by an IQ test.
B．It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.
D．It refers to a person's positive qualities.
43．Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.
44．What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
45．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
【答案】42．D
43．B
44．A
45．B
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者对关于情商的研究的未来的期望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
42．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills.' ”现在许多人把情商误解为一个人的几乎所有需要的，智商测试无法测量的东西，例如比如性格，动机，自信，心理稳定，乐观和“人际交往能力”。可知选D。
43．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. ”提出了一个概念：我们更倾向于将情商描述为一组特定的技能，可用于好的或坏的目的；以及“The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.”来阐明这个概念，即医生可能会利用准确了解他人感受的能力来找出如何最好地帮助她的病人的方法，而骗子可能会利用它来控制潜在的受害者。情商高并不一定会让一个人成为一个有道德的人。故选B。
44．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. ”可知，作者认为宣传的整体效果是有益的，所以作者的态度是积极的，故选A。
45．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“ It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. ”我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角。专注于头脑和心灵的情商可以为我们指明正确的方向。可知，作者主要在描述他对关于情商的研究的未来的期望，故选B。
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played
with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found
himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw
in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a
totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an
Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley
couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered
landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small
neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years
searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he
came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a
town's central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the
three-platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should
see a big fountain"-and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a
child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's something about
me, " he thought—and
it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so
much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I
walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you
know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought
seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.
”
46．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
47．How did Brierley find his hometown
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
48．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview
A．His love for his mother. B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home. D．His memory of his hometown.
【答案】46．A
47．C
48．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
46．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.”当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车；以及第二段中的“That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.“那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市。可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A。
47．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures.”然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡；以及“Everything just started to match.“一切都开始匹配了。可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C。
48．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: 'My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变） just didn't know what to say: because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.'”在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B。
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named
John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about
slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to
the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10
miles a day.
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000
steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In
the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it
was as low as 15 per cent.
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families
are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house,
often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent
neighborhoods with limited public transport.
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for
health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities（机会）for children to get to know
their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk
and talk with their young scholar about their day.
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their
day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by "I'm hungry".
This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more
about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its
limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.
Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes（路线）, with days of regular, parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of
these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and
takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night
before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying.
49．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph
A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support her argument. D．To provide examples.
50．What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity
A．Plain laziness. B．Health problems.
C．Lack of time. D．Security concerns.
51．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile
A．She can get relaxed after work. B．She can keep physically fit.
C．She can help with her son's study. D．She can know her son better.
【答案】49．B
50．C
51．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
49．考查推理判断。根据第二段Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2: 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent of children walked to school while in 2010, it was as low as15 percent.今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%。说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B。
50．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Families are pressed for time: many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区。可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C。
51．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多。说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D。
（2021·浙江）阅读选择
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures
that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩)
use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to
one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists
discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and
examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this
was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal
kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where
they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
"That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures,"
she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human language in that
respect. ”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys
can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do
not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was
a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the
animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her
foot to her crying baby, signaling:" Climb on me. " The youngster
immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together.
"The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is
meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr
Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the
University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich
our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results
were "a little disappointing".
"The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either
that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of
the information contained in their gestures and actions," she said.
"Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey
with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. "
52．What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter
A．Memorizing specific words. B．Understanding complex information.
C．Using voices to communicate. D．Communicating messages on purpose.
53．What did Dr Shultz think of the study
A．It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B．It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
54．What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean
A．Difference. B．Conflict. C．Balance. D．Connection.
55．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B．Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C．Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D．Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated
【答案】52．D
53．B
54．A
55．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息。可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。
53．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were 'a little disappointing'。“曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”。可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。
54．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西。可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式；以及最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.“此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息。可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.所以，看来差异依然存在，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。
55．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate.研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义；以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以选项D：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。
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