2021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题:任务型阅读

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名称 2021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题:任务型阅读
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2021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题:任务型阅读
一、任务型阅读
(2021·浙江)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You've got mail…and it's a
postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a
34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a
brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or
China's Great Wall.  1.  
"I often send
postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you
never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it
 2.   ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however,
Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the
Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal
service, but Paulo's hunch(直觉)paid
off.
Today his hobby has
developed into the website , a social network that has grown to
575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10
years ago.  3.   Running the website has almost turned into a
full-time job.
Language is certainly
a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common
communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As
cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't
work if one doesn't understand it.  4.   So a common language is required and in
postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in
China have limited exposure to English.  5.   That said, we know of many postcrossing
members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills
through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A.
And that's totally fine.
B.
That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.
He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.
Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.
On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.
Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of
the fun away.
G.
In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note
from someone far away.
【答案】1.G;2.A;3.E;4.F;5.B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人,于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人,因而创立了。随着公司在全球不断壮大,语言成为沟通的主要障碍,后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇介绍类阅读, 要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
1.根据空前“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall.”34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱,然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好;以及空后“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.“简而言之,他喜欢明信片,也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋”起到承上启下的作用,总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片,也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G。
2.根据空前“‘I often send postcards to family and friends.' he says to China Daily, ‘but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it...'“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片,”他说,“但你可以想象,过一段时间,你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多,而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好,因此他也很坦然接受这个事实,A. And that's totally fine.“那完全没问题”符合语境,故选A。
3.根据空前“Today his hobby has evolved into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.”如今,他的这个爱好已经发展成了这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来,已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户。是在介绍目前网站的发展状况,E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.“8月5日,会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E。
4.根据空前“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.”收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷,但如果你不理解它,这个概念就行不通,是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.“同样地,如果你只会说中文,收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合,符合结论句的语义要求,故选F。
5.根据空前“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.”许多中国人很少能接触到英语,说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高;以及空后“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.”他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知,写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.“这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难”符合语境,说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高,因为渠道较少。故选B。
(2021·全国甲)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor  6.  . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.  7.  , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
● 8.  . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 9.  . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go," or turn on a certain song, or whatever.  10.  . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】6.B;7.A;8.G;9.F;10.D
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对,以及一些具体的流程。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇生活类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
6.根据空前“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ”那么,该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的(看起来)完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢?提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题;以及空后“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.”这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用,承接上文讲到的问题,启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B. Hold a clothing swap.“进行衣物交换。”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
7.根据空前“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”邀请5到10个人,这样你就有一个很好的选择。说明了应该邀请的人数;以及空后“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”可能没有足够的东西可供选择;多于这个数量,它就变得无法控制。说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设,即少于一定数量的人。A. Less people than that”“少于这些人”提出一种假设,和下文中“more than that”相对,说明人数不宜太多,也不能太少,符合语境。故选A。
8.根据空后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new' clothes home.”他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子,把他们的“新”衣服带回家。说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.“告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。”说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服,其中的bring和下文中carry相对,都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词,并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G。
9.根据空前“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。指出衣服应该归类放置;以及空后“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”在房间周围放几面镜子,这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。提到了放置镜子的意义。可知,本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法,所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.“让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置,符合语境。故选F。
10.根据空前“Set a starting time. Maybe you say ‘go,' or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”,或者打开一首歌,或者无论什么。打开音乐或者无论什么,意味聚会开始;以及空后“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住,这是个派对!讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而,空白处应是承接上文,讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D. Just keep music playing throughout.“要始终播放音乐。”承上启下,说明在派对上要有音乐,与前文形成意义上的一致,符合题意,故选D。
(2021·全国乙)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to Jessica
Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself
interesting at a dinner party.
 11.  , if you're out of your comfort zone
or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main
thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking
to strangers.
People love to talk
about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than
“What do you do for a living ", you'll be able to get a lot more
interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to.  12.  .
it can bring in "I have this old, broken-down vehicle" or "I
rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the
back." It just opens up conversation.
 13.   If you can't take their wine
away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).If you're the host, you can ask them
to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.  14.  
And what about that
other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward
silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking
again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 15.  . Just quickly tun around and say, "This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting
at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.
How do you know the host
B.
The first step is to go exploring
C.
If you ask the question "How did you get here ',
D.
Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.
Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.
What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.
He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】11.B;12.C;13.F;14.E;15.G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇教育类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
11.根据空后“ if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. ”如果你走出了自己的舒适区,或者你第一次走进别人的房子。所以最主要的事情就是去尝试,去冒险,尝试不同的食物,和陌生人交谈。B. The first step is to go exploring.“第一步是去探险”,引出下文,符合语境。故选B。
12.根据空前“ If you can start the conversation with a question other than ‘What do you do for a living ', you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. ”如果你能以一个问题开始对话,而不是“你以什么为生?”,你就能从和你谈话的人口中得到很多有趣的话题;以及空后“ it can bring in‘I have this old, broken-down vehicle' or ‘I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.'"。它可以带来“我有一辆老旧的破车”或者“我和一群疯狂的人一起坐公交车,他们在后面笑着愚蠢的笑话。”可知此处与一个问题有关。If you ask the question‘How did you get here ',“如果你问‘你是怎么到这儿来的?'”,承上启下,符合语境,故选C。
13.根据空后“ If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).” 如果你不能拿走他们的酒,你当然应该试图带走他们的讲台。 F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking“那些喝了太多酒或不停说话的人怎么办”,引出下文,符合语境。故选F。
14.根据空前“ If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. ”如果你是主人,你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么,然后把他们赶出去。 E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say“或者把谈话转到他们没什么好说的话题”,承接上文,符合语境,故选E。
15.根据空前“ If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). ”如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默,唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人;以及空后“ Just quickly turn around and say, ‘This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.'" 你只需快速转过身,说:“这块蛋糕非常美味,你必须告诉我关于它的一切。”5. G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most“他或她是最能感受到尴尬的人”,承上启下,符合语境,故选G。
(2021·新高考Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 16.  So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水管 ) worked.  17.  Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, "Ouverture des portes," in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.  18.   French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
 19.   On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. 20.  When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】16.F;17.C;18.G;19.E;20.A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和丈夫去法国的经历,以及所见所想。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇故事类阅读, 要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16. 根据空前“ My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ”我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周;以及空后“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. ”我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六层公寓,只有一个橱柜那么大。可知该空应涉及在巴黎租这个公寓的原因。.F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.“我们的目的是看看我们是否能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
17.根据空前“ Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the plumbing (水管) worked. ”与普通的巴黎公寓不同,这里的管道工作正常。可知,该空也应该在谈及这个公寓的相关情况。There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.“这儿有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床。”承接上文,符合语境。
故选C。
18.根据空前“ As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.” 正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的那样,他们吃得很好,而且体重从不增加;以及空后“ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. ”法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。可知,该空应和法国美食的美味有关。 G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.“食物是如此美味,你不需要太多就能使你快乐。”承上启下,符合语境,故选G。
19.根据空后“ On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! ”我和丈夫去食品市场买了一些水果,并且一直认为这是我们吃过的最好吃的水果,但是它们要18美元!可推测出,法国的水果价格很贵,这也是法国人吃的比我们少的另一个原因。E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。”引出下文,符合语境,故选E。
20. 根据空前“ French cafes are always crowded.”法国的小餐店一直很拥挤 ;以及空后“ When do these people work ”这些人什么时候工作呢。可推测出该空应该和这些买咖啡的人有关。5.A. Not all the customers are tourists.“不是所有的顾客都是游客。”言下之意为有些顾客也是法国人,故下文开始解释他们的工作时间,符合语境。故选A。
(2021·浙江)七选五
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of
water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks
fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines
long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.  21.  
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances
are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to
get all their customers through with minimum delay. 22.  Any small interruption - a
price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen
randomly at different registers. Think about the probability: 23.  So it's not just
in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make
all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and
serve each person at the front with the next available register. 24.  This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long
delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.
Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
 25.  It takes many registers to
keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.
So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A. Why does this always seem to
happen to you
B. So why don't most places
encourage serpentine lines
C. Some of the may have stood in
a queue for almost an hour.
D. The chances of your line
being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability
that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers, this
method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday
afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】21.A;22.G;23.D;24.F;25.B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式,并分析了各自的利弊。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇生活类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
21.根据空后It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. 原来,这只是你的数学问题;很可能,另一个队伍真的更快。解释了上文You chose wrong. 你选错了,的原因,下文与空格处是因果关系,所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑,A. Why does this always seem to happen to you 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?符合语境,故选A。
22.根据空前Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。解释了杂货店之前的工作模式;以及空后“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.“任何一个小小的中断,一个价格检查,一个喋喋不休的顾客,都会产生下游效应,拖住整个生产线。描述了杂货店的特殊情况,本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因,G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy但有时候,比如周日下午,系统会变得特别繁忙。符合语境,故选G。
23.根据空前If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers.”如果杂货店中有三列队伍,延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生;以及空后So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里:另一条队伍可能移动得更快。可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。符合语境,故选D。
24.根据空前Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.“我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题;以及空后“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍,在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反,它会减慢每个人一点点,但加快了整体结帐速度。说明这个新方案迅速有效,联系上下文可知,空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.有三个寄存器,这种方法比传统方法快得多。符合语境,故选F。
25.根据空后It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.“要保持一条生产线的快速运转,需要很多的收银机,而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。说明了一个原因,由此可知,空格处提出了一个问题;以及空后It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly. 保持一条生产线的快速运转。可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B. So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines 那么为什么大多数地方不鼓励蛇形排队呢?符合语境,故选B。
1 / 12021年高考英语真题分类汇编专题:任务型阅读
一、任务型阅读
(2021·浙江)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You've got mail…and it's a
postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a
34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a
brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or
China's Great Wall.  1.  
"I often send
postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you
never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it
 2.   ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however,
Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the
Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal
service, but Paulo's hunch(直觉)paid
off.
Today his hobby has
developed into the website , a social network that has grown to
575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10
years ago.  3.   Running the website has almost turned into a
full-time job.
Language is certainly
a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common
communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As
cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't
work if one doesn't understand it.  4.   So a common language is required and in
postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in
China have limited exposure to English.  5.   That said, we know of many postcrossing
members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills
through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A.
And that's totally fine.
B.
That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.
He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.
Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.
On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.
Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of
the fun away.
G.
In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note
from someone far away.
(2021·全国甲)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor  6.  . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.  7.  , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
● 8.  . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 9.  . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go," or turn on a certain song, or whatever.  10.  . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
(2021·全国乙)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to Jessica
Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself
interesting at a dinner party.
 11.  , if you're out of your comfort zone
or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main
thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking
to strangers.
People love to talk
about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than
“What do you do for a living ", you'll be able to get a lot more
interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to.  12.  .
it can bring in "I have this old, broken-down vehicle" or "I
rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the
back." It just opens up conversation.
 13.   If you can't take their wine
away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).If you're the host, you can ask them
to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.  14.  
And what about that
other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward
silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking
again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 15.  . Just quickly tun around and say, "This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting
at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.
How do you know the host
B.
The first step is to go exploring
C.
If you ask the question "How did you get here ',
D.
Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.
Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.
What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.
He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
(2021·新高考Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 16.  So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水管 ) worked.  17.  Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, "Ouverture des portes," in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.  18.   French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
 19.   On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. 20.  When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
(2021·浙江)七选五
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of
water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks
fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines
long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.  21.  
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances
are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to
get all their customers through with minimum delay. 22.  Any small interruption - a
price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen
randomly at different registers. Think about the probability: 23.  So it's not just
in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make
all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and
serve each person at the front with the next available register. 24.  This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long
delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.
Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
 25.  It takes many registers to
keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.
So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A. Why does this always seem to
happen to you
B. So why don't most places
encourage serpentine lines
C. Some of the may have stood in
a queue for almost an hour.
D. The chances of your line
being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability
that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers, this
method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday
afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
答案解析部分
【答案】1.G;2.A;3.E;4.F;5.B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人,于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人,因而创立了。随着公司在全球不断壮大,语言成为沟通的主要障碍,后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇介绍类阅读, 要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
1.根据空前“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall.”34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱,然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好;以及空后“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.“简而言之,他喜欢明信片,也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋”起到承上启下的作用,总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片,也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G。
2.根据空前“‘I often send postcards to family and friends.' he says to China Daily, ‘but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it...'“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片,”他说,“但你可以想象,过一段时间,你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多,而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好,因此他也很坦然接受这个事实,A. And that's totally fine.“那完全没问题”符合语境,故选A。
3.根据空前“Today his hobby has evolved into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.”如今,他的这个爱好已经发展成了这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来,已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户。是在介绍目前网站的发展状况,E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.“8月5日,会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E。
4.根据空前“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.”收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷,但如果你不理解它,这个概念就行不通,是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.“同样地,如果你只会说中文,收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合,符合结论句的语义要求,故选F。
5.根据空前“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.”许多中国人很少能接触到英语,说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高;以及空后“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.”他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知,写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.“这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难”符合语境,说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高,因为渠道较少。故选B。
【答案】6.B;7.A;8.G;9.F;10.D
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对,以及一些具体的流程。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇生活类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
6.根据空前“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ”那么,该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的(看起来)完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢?提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题;以及空后“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.”这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用,承接上文讲到的问题,启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B. Hold a clothing swap.“进行衣物交换。”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
7.根据空前“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”邀请5到10个人,这样你就有一个很好的选择。说明了应该邀请的人数;以及空后“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”可能没有足够的东西可供选择;多于这个数量,它就变得无法控制。说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设,即少于一定数量的人。A. Less people than that”“少于这些人”提出一种假设,和下文中“more than that”相对,说明人数不宜太多,也不能太少,符合语境。故选A。
8.根据空后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new' clothes home.”他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子,把他们的“新”衣服带回家。说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.“告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。”说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服,其中的bring和下文中carry相对,都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词,并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G。
9.根据空前“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。指出衣服应该归类放置;以及空后“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”在房间周围放几面镜子,这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。提到了放置镜子的意义。可知,本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法,所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.“让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置,符合语境。故选F。
10.根据空前“Set a starting time. Maybe you say ‘go,' or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”,或者打开一首歌,或者无论什么。打开音乐或者无论什么,意味聚会开始;以及空后“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住,这是个派对!讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而,空白处应是承接上文,讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D. Just keep music playing throughout.“要始终播放音乐。”承上启下,说明在派对上要有音乐,与前文形成意义上的一致,符合题意,故选D。
【答案】11.B;12.C;13.F;14.E;15.G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇教育类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
11.根据空后“ if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. ”如果你走出了自己的舒适区,或者你第一次走进别人的房子。所以最主要的事情就是去尝试,去冒险,尝试不同的食物,和陌生人交谈。B. The first step is to go exploring.“第一步是去探险”,引出下文,符合语境。故选B。
12.根据空前“ If you can start the conversation with a question other than ‘What do you do for a living ', you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. ”如果你能以一个问题开始对话,而不是“你以什么为生?”,你就能从和你谈话的人口中得到很多有趣的话题;以及空后“ it can bring in‘I have this old, broken-down vehicle' or ‘I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.'"。它可以带来“我有一辆老旧的破车”或者“我和一群疯狂的人一起坐公交车,他们在后面笑着愚蠢的笑话。”可知此处与一个问题有关。If you ask the question‘How did you get here ',“如果你问‘你是怎么到这儿来的?'”,承上启下,符合语境,故选C。
13.根据空后“ If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).” 如果你不能拿走他们的酒,你当然应该试图带走他们的讲台。 F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking“那些喝了太多酒或不停说话的人怎么办”,引出下文,符合语境。故选F。
14.根据空前“ If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. ”如果你是主人,你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么,然后把他们赶出去。 E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say“或者把谈话转到他们没什么好说的话题”,承接上文,符合语境,故选E。
15.根据空前“ If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). ”如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默,唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人;以及空后“ Just quickly turn around and say, ‘This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.'" 你只需快速转过身,说:“这块蛋糕非常美味,你必须告诉我关于它的一切。”5. G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most“他或她是最能感受到尴尬的人”,承上启下,符合语境,故选G。
【答案】16.F;17.C;18.G;19.E;20.A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和丈夫去法国的经历,以及所见所想。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇故事类阅读, 要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16. 根据空前“ My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ”我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周;以及空后“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. ”我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六层公寓,只有一个橱柜那么大。可知该空应涉及在巴黎租这个公寓的原因。.F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.“我们的目的是看看我们是否能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
17.根据空前“ Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the plumbing (水管) worked. ”与普通的巴黎公寓不同,这里的管道工作正常。可知,该空也应该在谈及这个公寓的相关情况。There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.“这儿有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床。”承接上文,符合语境。
故选C。
18.根据空前“ As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.” 正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的那样,他们吃得很好,而且体重从不增加;以及空后“ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. ”法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。可知,该空应和法国美食的美味有关。 G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.“食物是如此美味,你不需要太多就能使你快乐。”承上启下,符合语境,故选G。
19.根据空后“ On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! ”我和丈夫去食品市场买了一些水果,并且一直认为这是我们吃过的最好吃的水果,但是它们要18美元!可推测出,法国的水果价格很贵,这也是法国人吃的比我们少的另一个原因。E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。”引出下文,符合语境,故选E。
20. 根据空前“ French cafes are always crowded.”法国的小餐店一直很拥挤 ;以及空后“ When do these people work ”这些人什么时候工作呢。可推测出该空应该和这些买咖啡的人有关。5.A. Not all the customers are tourists.“不是所有的顾客都是游客。”言下之意为有些顾客也是法国人,故下文开始解释他们的工作时间,符合语境。故选A。
【答案】21.A;22.G;23.D;24.F;25.B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式,并分析了各自的利弊。
【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇生活类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
21.根据空后It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. 原来,这只是你的数学问题;很可能,另一个队伍真的更快。解释了上文You chose wrong. 你选错了,的原因,下文与空格处是因果关系,所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑,A. Why does this always seem to happen to you 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?符合语境,故选A。
22.根据空前Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。解释了杂货店之前的工作模式;以及空后“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.“任何一个小小的中断,一个价格检查,一个喋喋不休的顾客,都会产生下游效应,拖住整个生产线。描述了杂货店的特殊情况,本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因,G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy但有时候,比如周日下午,系统会变得特别繁忙。符合语境,故选G。
23.根据空前If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers.”如果杂货店中有三列队伍,延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生;以及空后So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里:另一条队伍可能移动得更快。可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。符合语境,故选D。
24.根据空前Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.“我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题;以及空后“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍,在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反,它会减慢每个人一点点,但加快了整体结帐速度。说明这个新方案迅速有效,联系上下文可知,空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.有三个寄存器,这种方法比传统方法快得多。符合语境,故选F。
25.根据空后It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.“要保持一条生产线的快速运转,需要很多的收银机,而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。说明了一个原因,由此可知,空格处提出了一个问题;以及空后It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly. 保持一条生产线的快速运转。可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B. So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines 那么为什么大多数地方不鼓励蛇形排队呢?符合语境,故选B。
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