中考语法-定语从句讲解+练习（含答案）

定语从句
定义。
由句子作定语即定语从句。
She
is
a
girl
who
studies
hard.
她是一个努力学习的女孩。
（如果翻译成“...的”就可以认为是定语）
二、解题方法。
先找先行词（在空格前面），如果先行词是人选who，是物选which,，that万能(that既可以指人又可以指物，一般情况下，有that就选that)
注意：
定语从句不能用what引导，所以先排除what.
of短语中，先行词在of前，一般指物，如a
photo
of
my
family
先行词是photo
如果不认识先行词或者不知道先行词指人还是指物，可以从别的单词找提示。如代词，
形容词等。
例题详解
1.
Shanghai
is
such
a
great
city
that
everyone______
has
been
there
says
it
is
a
modern
city.
A
what
B
whose
C
who
D
which
【解析】本题句意是“上海是一个很棒的城市。去过的人都说它是一个现代化城市。”
本题先行词是everyone“每个人”，指人，所以选who.
答案是C
2.
Do
you
see
the
photo
of
my
family
____
taken
last
year.
A
what
B
who
C
that
D
whom
【解析】本题句意是“你看见去年拍的我家人的照片了吗？”
根据解题方法，that万能。所以选C
（本题的先行词是photo“照片”，指物，所以选that。注意，of短语的中心词在前面）
3.
Those
____
are
successful
will
never
give
up
easily.
A
who
B
which
C
what
D
whom
【解析】本题句意是“那些成功的人从来不轻言放弃。”
本题先行词是those“那些”，具体指人还是指物不能判定，需要看下文。successful“成功的”用来修饰人，所以those指那些人，选who。答案是A
4.
Books
are
everywhere,
but
it's
not
easy
to
find
one
_____
is
really
interesting.
A
that
B
who
C
it
D
what
【解析】本题句意是“书到处都是，但是找到一本真正有趣的书不容易。”
根据解题方法，that万能。所以选A
（本题先行词是one“一本”，指上文地book“书”，指物，选that。答案是A）
This
is
the
best
book
_____
I
have
ever
heard.
I
like
it
very
much.
which
B.
that
C.
who
D.
when
【解析】本题句意是“这是我曾经听过的最好的书，我很喜欢。”
根据解题方法，that万能。所以选A
（本题先行词是book“书”，指物，可以选that或which。但是book有最高级the
best修饰，只能选that）
Yesterday
Mr.
Green
went
to
his
hometown
and
visited
the
old
house
____
he
was
born
in.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
it
【解析】本题句意是“昨天格林先生去了故乡，参观了他出生的老房子。”
本题先行词是house“房子”，指物，选which，答案是A
拓展
1）如果先行词既有人又有物时，引导词选that。
I
still
remember
the
college
and
the
teachers
_______
I
visited
in
London
years
ago.
what
B.
who
C.
that
D.
which
【解析】本题句意是“几年前我去过伦敦，我仍然记得那里的大学和老师。”
根据解题方法，that万能。所以选C
（本题先行词是college
and
the
teachers“大学和老师”，既有人又有物，所以选C）
如果先行词指人，而且作宾语时，选whom
（把先行词还原，如果作动词或者介词的成分，就是宾语，就选宾格whom）
Do
you
know
the
girl
_______
Lily
is
talking
with?
Yes,
she
is
my
friend.
whom
B.
which
C.
when
D.
who
【解析】本题句意是“你认识正在和莉莉谈话的那个女孩吗？”
先行词是the
girl“女孩”，指人，可以选who或whom。还原先行词，Lily
is
talking
with
the
girl.
the
girl作介词with的宾语，所以引导词也要选宾格whom。who是主格。答案是A
实战演练：
A
friend
is
someone
_____
says,
“What!
You
too?
I
thought
I
was
the
only
one.
A
who
B
which
C
what
D
whose
What
do
you
think
of
the
TV
Show
‘Running
Man”?
It’s
the
best
program
______
I
have
ever
watched.
A
that
B
which
C
what
D
where
Your
watch
is
the
same
as
the
one
____
I
bought
in
Shanghai
last
year.
A
which
B
who
C
what
D
where
I
really
like
the
picture
of
my
new
bike
_____
was
taken
yesterday.
A
which
B
who
C
what
D
whom
Why
don’t
you
like
fishing?
Fishing
is
a
hobby
____
needs
much
patience,
but
I’m
not
patient
at
all.
A
who
B
that
C
it
D
what
“Underground”
is
the
only
word
in
the
English
language
____
begins
and
ends
with
the
letters
“und”.
A
what
B
that
C
who
D
whom
Success
will
belong
to
those
___
never
say
“impossible”.
A
whom
B
what
C
who
D
which
Tony,
tell
me
the
result
of
the
discussion
____
you
had
with
your
dad
yesterday.
A
what
B
which
C
when
D
who
What
did
you
do
in
today’s
history
class?
We
talked
about
the
characters
___
achieved
fame
in
American
history.
A
who
B
which
C
/
D
what
Miss
Li
always
make
her
class
lively
and
interesting.
Sure,
I
will
remember
every
word
_____
she
said
at
the
school.
A
what
B
when
C
who
D
that
Those
____
have
made
their
mind
to
win
will
never
say
“impossible”.
A
which
B
who
C
what
D
whom
The
old
people
____
have
got
Alzheimer’s
(阿尔茨海默病)
should
be
understood
and
be
taken
care
of
well.
A
who
B
what
C
whom
D
whose
The
Palace
Museum
is
the
best
place
____
I’ve
ever
visited.
A
that
B
which
C
where
D
what
There
are
lots
of
things
_____
I
need
to
prepare
before
the
trip.
A
who
B
what
C
whom
D
which
What
kind
of
movies
would
you
like
to
watch?
The
ones
_____
can
help
our
mind
and
widen
our
knowledge.
A
who
B
whose
C
what
D
which
定语从句作业答案
【解析】本题句意是“朋友是这样一个人，他会说：什么？你也是？我还以为我是唯一呢？”本题先行词是someone“某个人”，指人，选who，所以答案是A
【解析】本题句意是“你认为电视秀跑男怎么样？它是我曾经看过的最棒的节目。”that万能，答案是A
【解析】本题句意是“你的手表和我去年在上海买的一样。”本题先行词是one，上文指watch“手表”，指物，选which，所以答案是A
4、【解析】本题句意是“我真的很喜欢我的新自行车的照片，是昨天拍的。”本题先行词是picture“照片”，指物，选which，所以答案是A
5、【解析】本题句意是“你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？钓鱼是一项需要很多耐心的爱好，而我根本没有耐心。”that万能，答案是B
6、【解析】本题句意是“underground是英语中唯一一个开头和结尾都是und的单词。”that万能，答案是B
7、【解析】本题句意是“成功属于那些永远不说‘不可能’的人。”本题先行词是those“那些”，不知道指人还是指物，看下文，say“说”，只有“人”会说话，所以those指“那些人”，选who，答案是C
8、【解析】本题句意是“托尼，告诉我昨天你和你爸爸讨论的结果。”本题先行词是result“结果”，指物，选which，所以答案是B
9、【解析】本题句意是“今天的历史课你们做什么了？我们谈论了美国历史上享有盛名的人物。”本题先行词是characters“人物”，指人，选who，所以答案是A
10、【解析】本题句意是“李老师总是使她的课程生动有趣。当然了，我记得她说过的每一个单词。”that万能，答案是D
11、【解析】本题句意是“那些下定决心要赢的人从来不说不可能。”本题先行词是those“那
些”，不知道指人还是指物，看下文，say“说”，只有“人”会说话，所以those指“那些人”，
选who，答案是B
12、【解析】本题句意是“得了阿尔茨海默病的老人应该被理解，并且被很好地照顾。”本题先行词是people“人们”，指人，选who，所以答案是A
13、【解析】本题句意是“故宫是我参观过的最棒的地方。”that万能，答案是A
14、【解析】本题句意是“旅行前有很多事情需要准备。”本题先行词是things“事情”，指物，选which，所以答案是D
15、【解析】本题句意是“你喜欢看什么类型的电影？那些有益于我们的心智，能拓宽我们知识面的电影。”本题先行词是ones，不知道指人还是指物，看上文，movies“电影”，指物，选which，所以但答案是D