九年级上册U7语法讲义
情态动词:
must,
can
(could),
may
(might),
need,
ought
to,
dare
(dared),
shall
(should),
will
(would)
一、must/mustn't
1.?must可表义务,常表示“必须”。
2.?关于must?的简短回答:
-Must
we
wear
seat
belts?
我们必须系安全带吗?
-Yes,
you
must.
是的,必须。
-No,
you
needn't.
/
No,
you
don't
have
to.
不,不必。
注意:否定回答时不用mustn't。
3.?mustn't?也可表义务,表示“禁止”,也可意译为“不应当;不许”。
例:We
mustn't
buy
fur
products.
我们不应当购买皮草制品。
?
二、should/shouldn't/ought
to/ought
not
to
should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化,常可与ought
to互换。可用于表达义务或责任,否定形式shouldn't(should
not),常可与oughtn't?to(ought
not
to)互换,意为“不应当;不应该”。
根据中文意思补全句子。
你的穿着应该整洁漂亮,而且必须非常合身。
What
you
wear?______?be
stylish
and
clean,
and?______?definitely
fit
well.
(should
must)
根据中文意思补全句子。
欧洲委员会裁定英国航空航天公司应该偿还数千万英镑。
The
European
Commission
ruled
that
British
Aerospace?______
______?back
tens
of
millions
of
pounds.(should
pay)
情态助动词的"时"的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在
1、情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“be+过去分词”部分不变。
2、含有情态动词的主动语态变为被动语态时,要把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语;主动语态中的谓语动词变为“情态动词+be+过去分词”;主动语态中的主语变为介词by?的宾语,放在句尾(如果不强调动作的执行者,by短语常可省略)。You?can?take?this?book?home.?(改为被动语态)
→This?book?can?be?taken?home?(by?you).
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子?(此空不限一词)
Students
should
______
to
listen
to
the
concerts.(encourage)
(be
encouraged)
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。(不限一词)
The
old
people
should
______
to
politely.
(speak)
(be
spoken)
单选题
What
______
by
common
people
to
protect
the
environment?
A?.can
be
B.?can
do?
C.?can
be
done
D.?can
be
do
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。(不限一词)
Snacks
and
soft
drinks
can
______
(buy)
from?vending
machines?(自动售货机)
on
each
floor
of
the
hotel.
(be
bought)
How
many
magazines?can
______?(borrow)
in
the
library
every
week?
(be
borrowed)
-What
should
we
do
first
if
we
want
to
develop
our
village?
-A
lot
of
new
roads?______,
I
think.?
?have
to
build
B?.must
build
C.?have
built
D.?must
be
built
3.含情态动词的被动语态的否定结构为:情态动词+not+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“not+be+过去分词”部分不变。
常用的情态动词有:can,must,need,may,will,should等。
I
believe
that
something
can
not
be
bought
by
money.
按要求改写句子。
Teenagers
should
be
permitted
to
play
with
friends
at
night.(改为否定句)
Teenagers
______
______
______
permitted
to
play
with
friends
at
night.
(should
not
be)
翻译句子。
为了使我们的城市更美丽,禁止往河里扔垃圾。
To
make
our
city
more
beautiful,
rubbish?______
______
______?into
the
river.?
(mustn't
be
thrown)
按要求改写句子。
The
postcard
may
be
sent
by
Tim.(改为否定句)
The
postcard
______
______
______
______
by
Tim.
(may
not
be
sent)
这类植物一定不能经常浇水,因为太多水会淹死它。
This
kind
of
plant?______?______
______?too
often
because
it
will
die
from
too
much
water.?
?(mustn't或can't或cannot
be
watered)
4.情态动词的被动语态结构为:变成一般疑问句的时候,必须将情态动词提到句首。
基本句式:情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+...?
例如:Tables?can?be?made?of?stones.?
桌子可由石头制造。(肯定句)
Can?tables?be?made?of?stones??
桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)
按要求改写句子。
Teenagers?should?be?allowed?to?go?out?with?their
friends?on?school?nights.
(改为一般疑问句)
______
______
______
______
to?go?out?with?their
friends?on?school
nights?
(Should
teenagers
be
allowed)
选择适当的单词填空。
Must
the
exam
______
in
100
minutes?
(finished/be
finished)
在学校,应该教我们的孩子游泳吗?
______
our
children
______
______
to
swim
at
school?
消息一到就会被发送给他吗?
______
the
news
______
______
to?him?as?soon?as?it
arrived?
(Would或Could
be
sent)
含有情态动词的被动语态(特殊疑问句)
含有情态动词的被动语态的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+情态动词(+主语)+be+及物动词的过去分词(+by+宾语)?
如:These
young
trees
should
be
watered?every
day.(对划线部分提问)
How
often
should
these
young
trees
be
watered?
按要求改写句子。
The
classroom
must
be
cleaned?after
school.?(对划线部分提问)
______
______
the
classroom
______
______?
(When
must
be
cleaned)
-这种类型的电脑什么时候能被使用?
-明年。
-?______?this
kind
of
computer?______?
??
-Next
year.?
(When
can或When
will
be
used)
Smoking?shouldn't
be
allowed
in
public.
(对划线部分提问)
______
______
be
______
in
public?
(What
shouldn't
allowed)
按要求改写句子。
You
must
throw
the
broken
glass
away
at
once.(变为被动语态)
The
broken
glass
______
______
______
______
at
once.
(must
be
thrown
away)
表达个人观点,我们可以用以下句式或短语:
1.?I
(don’t)
think/suppose/believe/hope...
2.?in
my
opinion/mind/view
3.?Personally,
I
think…
-Jane,你今天下午能和我一起去游泳吗?
-是的,我很乐意去,但是我得先做家务。
-Could
you
go
swimming
with
me
this
afternoon,
Jane?
-Yes,
______
______
______,
but
I
have
to
do
the
housework
first.(I'd
like或love
to)
-Smith教授的课非常有意思。
-我非常同意。
-
Prof.
Smith's
lecture
is
really
interesting.
-I
couldn't
______
______.(agree
more)
-Lily最近数学取得了很大的进步。
-她确实取得了很大的进步。
-Lily
has
made
such
great
progress
in
math
recently.
-So
______
______.(she
has)