(共38张PPT)
必修4?
Unit
10 Money
-3-
主题语境:谈论购物
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.exist
vi.存在;生存
[高考佳句]
①Jet
airplanes
and
big
trucks
yet.?
喷气式飞机和大卡车(当时)还不存在。(2016·北京卷,完形填空)
(1)there
exists/existed...某地有/存在……
exist
on靠……为生
(2)existence
n.存在
come
into
existence开始存在;成立
bring...into
existence使发生,产生
(3)existent
adj.存在的,现存的
didn’t
exist
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练用exist或其短语的恰当形式填空
②“That
is
only
evidence
that
traditions
once
,”he
said.?
“这只是传统曾经存在的证据,”他说。(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)
③Could
you
tell
us
when
the
custom
??
你能告诉我们这个风俗是什么时候开始存在的吗?
④An
organisation
was
to
deal
with
the
matter.?
成立了一个组织来处理这件事。
came
into
existence
brought
into
existence
existed
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.defeat
vt.战胜;击败;阻挠;挫败
[高考佳句]①Only
five
years
after
Steve
Jobs’
death,smart-phones
conventional
PCs
in
sales.?
史蒂夫·乔布斯死后仅五年,智能手机在销售方面就击败了传统的个人电脑。(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
defeat
sb打败某人
suffer
a
defeat战败;遭受挫败
bring
defeat
upon
oneself招致失败
defeated
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
词义精析
(1)defeat既可以表示战胜比赛或竞技对手,也可以表示在战争中打败敌人;
(2)beat主要用于竞技或比赛中战胜对手,另有“拍打,心跳”等意;
(3)win则用表示比赛、战斗、奖品、荣誉、好感等的词汇做宾语。
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用defeat的恰当形式填空
②Damaged
but
not
,he
was
still
ahead
of
me.?
他受了伤,但没有被命运打败,他依旧比我优秀。(2016·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)
(2)用beat或win的恰当形式填空
③In
1931,Addams
became
the
first
American
woman
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
④Next
I
broke
the
eggs
into
a
bowl
and
them
quickly
with
chopsticks.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷·短文改错改编)?
defeated
to
win
beat
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.earn
vt.挣得,赚得,赢得(名誉、地位、赞扬、尊敬等)
[高考佳句]①Instead,she
is
￡6,500
a
day
as
a
model
in
New
York.?
相反,她作为一名模特在纽约每天赚6,500英镑。
(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,语篇填空)
(1)earn
a
living谋生,度日
earn
money挣钱
earn
respect赢得尊重
earn
a
reputation/fame
as...赢得……名声
earn
profit赢得利润
earn
sb
sth给某人赢得某物
(2)earnings
n.所赚的钱;收入
earning
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练用earn或其短语的恰当形式填空
②You
have
a
job, ,and
you
got
out
of
bed
today.?
你有一份工作,你获得了学位,你今天没有赖床。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)
③We
had
our
allowance
(零用钱)
by
doing
chores
around
the
house.?
我们不得不在家里干家务来赚零用钱。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
④For
many
years,the
majority
of
Irish
people
as
farmers.?
很多年来,大多数爱尔兰人当农民来谋生。
earned
your
degree
to
earn
earned
their
living
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.determine
vt.&
vi.决定,决心 vt.确定;决定;查明
[高考佳句]①She
to
carry
on
with
her
education.?
她决定继续她的教育。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,语篇填空)
(1)determine
sb
against
sth使某人决定不做某事
determine
+从句
决定……
determine
to
do
sth决定做……
be
determined
to
do
sth下决心做……
be
determined
that...下决心……
determine
on决定某事,对某事下定决心
(2)determination
n.决心;确定;决定
is
determined
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用determine的适当形式填空
②
where
we
are
in
relation
to
our
surroundings
remains
an
essential
skill
for
our
survival.?
确定我们与周围环境的关系仍然是我们生存的一项基本技能。(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
③When
considering
a
merger
,for
example,they
have
traditionally
used
size
when
to
step
in.?
例如,在考虑兼并时,他们传统上一直用大小来决定什么时候进入。(2017·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)
Determining
to
determine
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④Fred
was
determined
to
study
Chinese
culture,so
he
went
to
study
in
China.
→[满分表达] ? ? ?Chinese
culture,Fred
went
to
study
in
China.?
Determined
to
study
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.aware
adj.知道;意识到;明白
[高考佳句]①Everybody
can
buy
takeaway
food,but
sometimes
we’re
not
how
cheaply
we
can
make
this
food
ourselves.?
每个人都可以买外卖食品,但有时我们没有意识到自己做这些食物会有多便宜。(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)
(1)(be)
aware
of意识到……
be
aware
that...意识到……
make
sb
aware
of使某人知道某事
as
far
as
I’m
aware据我所知
(2)unaware
adj.没有意识到的
awareness
n.意识
raise
one’s
awareness
about/of提高某人……的意识
aware
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练单句语法填空
②If
your (aware)
is
as
sharp
as
it
could
be,you’ll
have
no
trouble
answering
these
questions.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Nurses
and
other
care-givers
need
to
be
aware
the
possible
meanings
of
silence
when
they
come
across
the
personal
anxiety
their
patients
may
be
experiencing.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
④For
this
courier
job,you’re
consciously
aware
in
that
box
you’ve
got
something
that
is
potentially
going
to
save
somebody’s
life.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
of
that
awareness
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.ashamed
adj.羞耻的;惭愧的
[高考佳句]①We
are
often
our
shortcomings,our
mistakes
and
our
failures.
我们经常为我们的缺点、错误和失败而感到羞愧。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)
be
ashamed
of
感到羞愧
be
ashamed
to
do
sth
因惭愧而不情愿做某事
四维热练完成句子
②I
am
ashamed
that
I’ve
never
read
any
of
his
books.
我很羞愧地承认我从未读过他的任何一本书。
③His
daughter
looked
such
a
mess
that
he
her.
他为女儿一副邋遢的样子感到羞愧。
ashamed
of
to
admit
was
ashamed
of
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.annoy
vt.使生气;使恼怒;打扰
[经典例句]①What
him
most
was
that
he
had
received
no
apology.
最使他恼怒的是没有人向他道歉。
(1)annoy
sb使某人烦恼,使某人不悦
be
annoyed
with对某人生气,对某人厌烦
be
annoyed
that...烦恼……
be
annoyed
by被……惹恼
be
annoyed
at/about
sth因某事而生气
(2)annoyance
n.恼怒,烦恼,不高兴,使人烦恼的事
annoying
adj.使人生气或烦恼的
annoyed
adj.感到烦恼的
annoyed
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用annoy的恰当形式填空
②Do
you
find
yourself
getting
impatient
or
with
people
over
unimportant
things??
你是否发现自己在一些无关紧要的事情上对人们感到不耐烦或烦恼?(2016·上海卷,语法和词汇)
③Bacteria
are
an
problem
for
astronauts.?
细菌对宇航员来说是一个恼人的问题。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)
④Who
hasn’t
received
an
email
so
that
it
ruined
an
entire
day?
谁还没有收到过一封如此令人烦恼的邮件,以至于一整天都被破坏了?(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五阅读)
annoyed
annoying
annoying
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
⑤But
her
cold
voice
really
annoyed
me.
→[满分表达]But
me
was
her
cold
voice.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)?
what
really
annoyed
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.appeal
vi.有吸引力;引起兴趣;呼吁,恳求;上诉
[高考佳句]①...suggested
that
Gabriel
go
into
the
music
store-room
to
see
if
any
of
the
instruments
there
him.?
……建议Gabriel进入音乐贮备室,看看那儿的乐器中是否有吸引他的。
(2017·江苏卷,完形填空)
(1)appeal
to
sb吸引某人,呼吁某人
appeal
for
sth呼吁提供某物
appeal
to
sb
for
sth向某人呼吁提供某物
(make
an)
appeal
to
sb
to
do
sth呼吁某人做某事
(2)appealing
adj.有吸引力的,恳求的
appealed
to
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②We
tend
to
have
a
better
memory
for
things
that
excite
our
senses
or
our
emotions
than
for
straight
facts.?
与直接的事实相比,我们通常对那些激发我们的感官或吸引我们情感的事物有更好的记忆。
③They’re
clothes
and
blankets
to
send
to
the
disastrous
region.?
他们呼吁提供衣服和毯子,以送到灾区。
(2)写作升级
④Besides,businesses
seek
to
attract
customers’
senses.
→[满分表达]
Besides,businesses
seek
customers’
senses.(2015·重庆卷,阅读理解B篇)?
appeal
to
appealing
for
to
appeal
to
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.give
away
颁发(奖品);捐赠,赠送;放弃(机会等),泄露(秘密等)
[高考佳句]①Body
language
can
a
lot
about
your
mood,so
standing
with
your
arms
folded
can
send
out
a
signal
that
you
are
being
defensive.?
肢体语言可以透露许多关于你的心情的信息,所以双臂交叉站着会释放你处于戒备状态的信号。(2015·浙江卷,单项填空)
give
up放弃
give
off放出(气味、热、光)
give
in屈服,投降;提交(+to
sb)
give
out散发;分发,分配;发表;精疲力竭,用尽
give
way
to撤退;让步,让路;让……优先
give
away
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练单句语法填空
②Scientists
have
found
that
all
kinds
of
plants
give
VOCs
when
being
attacked.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③That
weekend,we
went
to
a
nearby
neighborhood
and
gave
them
away
the
people
there.?
④On
December
1,1955,in
Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa
Parks
would
not
give
her
seat
on
a
bus
to
a
white
passenger.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
out
to
up
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.drop
out(of
sth)退出;退学
[经典例句]①After
class,I
learned
from
the
teacher
that
my
deskmate
would
have
if
he
hadn’t
been
helped
by
others.?
放学后,我从老师那儿了解到我的同桌如果得不到别人的帮助,就有可能退学了。
drop
behind/back落后,后退,落在……后面
drop
by/in/round=drop
in
on
sb=drop
into
sth顺便访问
drop
off
(数量、兴趣等)下降;小睡;打盹儿;(让人)下车
drop
sb
a
line给某人写信
drop
in
at
a
place顺便参观某地
dropped
out
of
school
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②When
Peter
saw
that
he
hadn’t
a
chance
to
win,he
the
race.?
当彼得看出他没有获胜的机会时,他就退出了比赛。
③After
that,feeling
the
need
to
explore
further,I
decided
on
one
of
ASL
club’s
meetings.?
此后,我感到需要进一步了解,我决定去参加ASL俱乐部会议。(2017·
全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
dropped
out
of
to
drop
in
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.go
through
经历;遭受;仔细琢磨;用完;耗尽;(法律、合同等正式)通过,达成;浏览
[经典例句]①He
is
a
very
difficult
time.?
他正在经历一段非常艰难的时期。
go
through
with完成/做完艰难的(令人不快的)事
go
against违反;违背(意愿等)
go
about继续做,四处走动,流传
going
through
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)写出下面各句中go
through的意义
②I’m
an
ambitious
writer,and
when
I
started
going
through
chemo(化疗),even
though
I’m
a
very
positive
person,I
lost
my
drive
to
write.
③As
you
go
through
this
book,you
will
find
that
each
of
the
millions
of
people
who
lived
through
World
War
Ⅱ
had
a
different
experience.
(2)单句语法填空
④I’d
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
take
some
time
to
go
them
and
make
necessary
changes.?
经历;遭受
浏览
through
-28-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.to
be
exact确切地说,精确地说
[高考佳句]①Then
one
day—January
1,2007, —my
husband’s
doctor
uttered
an
unthinkable
word:leukemia(白血病).?
后来有一天,确切地说是2007年1月1日,我丈夫的医生说出了一个令人难以置信的词:白血病。(2015·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
to
be
exact=exactly
speaking确切地说,精确地说
to
be
honest=honestly
speaking老实说
to
be
frank=frankly
speaking坦白地说
to
be
brief=briefly
speaking简短地说
to
be
exact
-29-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②There
are
over
2,000
students
in
our
school; ,there
are
2,018.?
我们学校有2,000多名学生,确切地说是2,018名。
(2)写作升级
③To
be
exact,other
people
can
extend
our
intelligence
and
help
us
understand
and
adjust
our
emotions.
→[满分表达]
,other
people
can
extend
our
intelligence
and
help
us
understand
and
adjust
our
emotions.(2016·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
to
be
exact
Exactly
speaking
-30-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.There
are
certainly
no
signs
that
Charles
was
a
rich
man!(Page
8)当然没有迹象表明查尔斯曾经是一个富人!
→that
引导同位语从句句型
(1)句中的that
用以引导一个同位语从句,解释前面的名词signs的具体内容。
(2)在news,information,fact,word
(消息),idea,advice,promise,chance,
possibility,belief,evidence,fact,truth等名词后常可跟同位语从句,用以解释前面中心词的内容。
(3)that引导同位语从句时,that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,但that不可省略。
-31-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①It
is
a
logical
consequence
of
the
simple
fact
the
machine
cannot
achieve
its
original
purpose
if
it
is
dead.(2017·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②Housewarming
parties
get
their
name
from
the
fact
a
long
time
ago
people
would
actually
bring
firewood
to
a
new
home
as
a
gift.?
that
that
-32-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
(2)单句改错
③While
the
fear
hung
over
my
head,there
were
also
signs
which
I
was
headed
down
the
right
path.(2017·天津卷,完形填空)
④I
have
a
feeling
they
will
be
successful
in
time.
which→that
feeling后加上that
-33-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.No,I’m
much
happier
now.(Page
8)不,我现在快乐得多。
→形容词比较级前的修饰语
此处隐含现在比以前快乐很多的意味,故用比较级;句中的much修饰happier表示程度。在形容词、副词比较级前常用much,far,a
little,a
lot,even,rather,a
bit,slightly等修饰,但不可用quite,very等修饰。
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①It’s
much
(easy)
to
excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work
than
if
you
try
to
get
someone
out
of
your
space
even
after
explaining
how
busy
you
are.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五阅读)?
②People
who
have
personality
traits
that
connect
with
competitiveness
and
low
upset
tolerance
are
much
(likely)
to
get
angry.(2018·北京卷,七选五阅读)?
easier
more
likely
-34-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
(2)单句改错
③Italy,which
has
a
very
weaker
tradition
of
immigration,has
witnessed
a
sharp
increase
in
immigration
in
recent
years.(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)
(3)完成句子
④ I
began
to
understand
what
my
dad
really
meant.?
随着我长大一些,我开始理解了爸爸的真正意思。(2015·广东卷,阅读理解B篇)
very→much
As
I
got
a
little
older
-35-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.Every
year,approximately
1.6
billion
tons
of
soil
flows
into
the
Yellow
River,China’s
second
longest
river.(Page
12)每年,大约有十六亿吨的土壤注入中国第二长河,黄河。
→两种最高级的句型
(1)表示在一定范围内的“第几……”用最高级表示。
(2)表示“最……之一”的概念常用“one
of
the+最高级+复数名词”。
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练单句语法填空
①The
Central
London
Railway
was
one
of
the
(success)
of
these
new
lines.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,语篇填空)?
②As
we
all
know,Mount
Kenya
is
Africa’s
second
(high)
mountain.?
③So
tell
me
one
of
your
most
interesting
(dream).
(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
most
successful
highest
dreams
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.If
so,it
is
time
for
you
to
think
again.(Page
12)如果这样的话,你需要再考虑一下了。
→If...省略句型
句中if
so意为“如果这样的话”,是一个省略句。由if构成的省略句常见的还有以下几种:
(1)if
not“如果不的话”;
(2)if
ever“如果曾有过的话”;
(3)if
necessary“如果必要的话”;
(4)if
possible“如果可能的话”。
-38-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练完成句子
① ,take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.?
如果不行,再看看你可以尝试的其他方法。
(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,语篇填空)
② ,come
early
to
the
talk
at
7.30pm
by
Jules
Skye,a
successful
record
producer.?
如果这样的话,请早点来参加在晚上七点半由一位成功的音乐制作人
Jules
Skye所做的报告。(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)
③The
island
is
seldom, ,visited
by
ships.?
这个岛难得有船停靠。
If
not
If
so
if
ever(共44张PPT)
Unit
11 The
Media
-2-
主题语境:谈论媒体
-3-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.demand
vt.要求,请求 n.需要,需求;要求
[高考佳句]
①In
America
oil
has
grown
by
22
percent
since
1990.?
在美国,对石油的需求自1990年以来增长了22%。(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)
(1)demand
to
do
sth要求做某事
demand
that...要求……
in
demand有需要,受欢迎
on
demand一经要求
make
demands
on/of对……提出要求
demand
for需要……
(2)demanding
adj.要求高的
the
demand
for
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②So
instead
of
eating
a
piece
of
yesterday’s
bread
from
the
supermarket,you’d
eat
something
baked
just
for
you
.
所以,与其吃昨天从超市里买的面包,不如吃点按照需求只为你烘烤的东西。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
③I
guess
that
there’s
probably
some
work
schedule,or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.?
我猜想可能是因为工作安排太紧张,或者是因为围绕着不得不去帮助一项未知运动的社交焦虑。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
on
demand
demanding
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.announce
vt.宣布,宣告;声称;宣称
[高考佳句]
①He
said
the
lucky
woman
on
the
website
and
the
trip
will
be
shared
online.?
他说将在网站上宣布那位幸运女子,并在线分享这次旅行。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)
(1)announce
sth
(to
sb)(向某人)宣布某事
announce
that...宣布……
(2)announcement
n.宣布,宣告;公告,布告;通告
announcer
n.广播员,播音员
will
be
announced
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
词义精析
(1)announce指正式地“公开,发表,宣布”,侧重“宣告”人们所关心和感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息。
(2)declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布,宣告,声明”,侧重“公开”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。declare后可跟复合结构。
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②Share
library
(announce)
on
your
social
media.
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D篇)
③She
announced
her
family
of
four,“That’s
what
we’re
going
to
do
for
our
spring
break!”
(2)用announce或declare的恰当形式填空
④I
suddenly
heard
the
head
coach
,“The
highest
honor
goes
to
Cathy!”
(2016·天津卷,完形填空)?
⑤That
country
war
on
France
in
1914.?
announcement
declared
to
announcing
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.arise
vi.发生;产生;出现;起身;起立
[高考佳句]①It’s
the
easiest
thing
in
the
world
to
miscalculate
how
long
it’ll
take
to
do
all
the
work
especially
.(2013·浙江卷,六选五阅读)?
尤其是有新情况出现时,对完成所有工作要花多长时间判断错误是世界上最容易的事。
sth
arises出现了某事
arise
from/out
of由……产生
when
new
issues
arise
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
词义精析
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练用arise,arouse,rise或raise的恰当形式填空
②Standing
on
the
hill,we
saw
smoke
down
in
the
village.?
③Several
new
companies
in
our
village
last
year.?
④Many
people
are
watching
the
soldiers
the
national
flag.?
⑤He
fell
into
a
sound
sleep.Don’t
him.?
rising
arose
raising
arouse
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.blame
vt.责怪;指责;把……归咎于 n.责任;责备;指责
[经典例句]①Which
driver
was
the
accident??
哪个司机是此次事故的肇事者?
blame
sb
for
sth/doing
sth因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
be
to
blame
(for)应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
blame
sth
on
sb把某事归咎于某人
put/lay
the
blame
for
sth
on
sb将某事归咎于某人
accept/bear/take
the
blame
for
sth对某事负责任
to
blame
for
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②The
House
of
Commons
Science
and
Technology
Committee’s
report,released
last
week,has
blamed
firms
making
people
sign
up
to
long
incomprehensible
legal
contracts.(2016·上海卷,阅读理解)?
③Still
others
lay
the
blame
the
Americans.
(2)写作升级
④To
be
honest,it
was
Su’s
fault
but
Li
should
also
be
blamed.
→[满分表达]
To
be
honest,it
was
Su’s
fault
but
Li
.?
for
on
was
also
to
blame
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.employ
vt.雇用;应用;运用;使用
[高考佳句]①Bertocchini
agrees
and
hopes
her
team’s
findings
might
one
day
help
the
enzyme
plastics
in
landfills.?
Bertocchini对此表示赞同,并希望她的研究团队的发现有一天能帮助利用这种酶来分解垃圾填埋场中的塑料。(2018·北京卷,阅读理解C篇)
employ
to
break
down
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(1)employ
sb
in
doing
sth=employ
sb
to
do
sth雇用某人做某事……
employ
sb
as雇用某人为……
employ
sth
to
do
sth利用某物做某事
employ
oneself
in
(doing)
sth从事/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
in
(doing)
sth从事/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
to
do
sth受雇做某事
(2)employer
n.雇主;老板
employee
n.雇员;受雇者
unemployed
adj.失业的
employment
n.雇用
unemployment
n.失业
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②
were
busy
sweeping
up
popcorns
and
gathering
coke
cups.?
员工们忙着清扫爆米花和收集可乐杯。
(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)
③Modern
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
only
since
the
mid-1980s.?
追踪北极熊数量的现代方法直到20世纪80年代中期才开始使用。(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语篇填空)
Employees
have
been
employed
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④She
has
been
busy
making
preparations
for
the
press
conference
all
morning.
→[满分表达]
She
preparations
for
the
press
conference
all
morning.?
has
been
employed
in
making
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.attempt
vt.
努力尝试;试图 n.企图;试图;努力
[高考佳句]
①The
proposal
what
some
call
the
“death
valley”
of
autonomous
vehicles.?
该提议试图处理被有些人称为无人驾驶汽车的“死亡谷”的地方。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
attempt
sth尝试某事
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth
尝试/试图做某事
in
an
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
at
the
first
attempt第一次尝试
attempts
to
deal
with
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②Therefore
attempts
may
be
made
(fill)
every
gap
(间隙)
with
conversation.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③It
is
attempt
to
deal
with
a
set
of
weighty
topics.?
(2)写作升级
④The
monkey
climbed
onto
the
ladder,attempting
to
reach
the
apple.
→[满分表达]
The
monkey
climbed
onto
the
ladder,
to
reach
the
apple.?
to
fill
an
in
an
attempt
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.defend
vt.&
vi.保卫;防御;辩护
[高考佳句]①They
help
the
body
some
kinds
of
infections.?
它们帮助身体对抗某些种类的感染。(2016·四川卷,七选五阅读)
(1)defend
sb/sth保护某人/某物
defend
against/from保卫;抵抗
in
defence
of保卫……;为……辩护
(2)defence
n.防御;保卫,保护;辩护
defensive
adj.防御的;保卫的
defend
itself
against
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②The
traveler
may
fire
at
a
wild
beast
in
case
he
is
attacked.?
旅行者也许会对野兽开火来自我防卫,以防受到攻击。
(2)写作升级
③Is
there
any
man
unwilling
to
fight
to
defend
his
country?
→[满分表达]Is
there
any
man
unwilling
to
fight
his
country??
to
defend
himself
in
defence
of
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.pretend
vt.&
vi.假装;装作
[高考佳句]①So
I
carried
around
a
book,and
each
night,just
to
like
her,I
would
?be
reading.
因此我随身带一本书并且每天晚上我会假装正在阅读,就是为了像她一样。
pretend
to
do
sth假装做某事
pretend
to
be
doing
sth假装正在做某事
pretend
to
have
done
sth假装已经做了某事
pretend
that...假称……
pretend
to
be...假称是……
pretend
to
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②The
boy
pretended
(sleep)when
his
mother
entered
the
room.?
(2)单句改错
③He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend
not
to
knowing
us.(2016·浙江卷,短文改错)
to
be
sleeping
knowing→know
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
9.respect
vt.尊敬;尊重;仰慕 n.尊敬;重视;敬意
[高考佳句]①In
still
another
use,persons
in
Asian
cultures
may
view
silence
as
.?
还有另一种用途,在亚洲文化中,人们也许把沉默看作是尊敬的象征。(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)
a
sign
of
respect
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(1)respect
sb
for
(doing)
sth因(做)某事而尊重某人
show
respect
for
sb对某人表示尊敬
with
respect
to关于,至于,就……而言
with
respect尊重地
win/earn
the
respect
of赢得某人的尊重
in
respect
of在……方面
in
this
respect在这方面
(2)respectful
adj.尊敬的;表示敬意的
respective
adj.分别的;各自的
respectable
adj.值得尊敬的;得体的
disrespectful
adj.无礼的,不敬重的
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②We
were
brought
up
to
authority.?
我们从小就尊重权威。
③Many
drivers
cyclists.?
很多司机不尊重骑车的人。(2015·湖南卷,阅读理解A篇)
are
disrespectful
of
be
respectful
of
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
10.approach
vt.&vi.靠近,接近 vt.接洽;建议;要求 n.方法,方式;靠近;道路
[高考佳句]
①As
you
people,be
polite.当你走近别人时,要有礼貌。(2017·浙江卷,七选五阅读)?
at
the
approach
of在……即将来临时
make
an
approach
to对……进行探讨;走近……,向……靠近
approach
to
(doing)
sth接近;……的方法
approach
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②
(approach)
the
vehicle,they
saw
that
a
woman
was
trying
to
get
out
of
the
broken
window.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
(2)写作升级
③When
the
storm
approaches,large
numbers
of
insects
fly
in
the
sky.
→[满分表达]
the
storm,large
numbers
of
insects
fly
in
the
sky.?
Approaching
At
the
approach
of
-28-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.stand
for
代表;支持;忍受
[高考佳句]①With
a
code
book,you
might
write
down
words
that
would
other
words.?
借助密码本,你可以写下可以代替其他单词的单词。(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)
stand
in
(for
sb)
代替,顶替(某人)
stand
by支持;袖手旁观;遵守(诺言等)
stand
out突出;显眼
stand
over
sb监视某人
stand
up
to
sb勇敢反对某人
stand
up
for
维护;支持
stand
for
-29-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②When
the
studio
didn’t
want
me
for
the
film—it
wanted
somebody
as
well
known
as
Paul—he
me.?
当电影公司不想让我演这部电影的时候——它想要一个像保罗那样出名的人——他支持我。
(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)
③In
China,these
knots
friendship,love
and
good
luck.?
在中国,这些中国结代表友谊、爱情和好运。
stood
up
for
stand
for
-30-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.in
favour
of支持;赞同
[经典例句]
①Generally,I
am
the
inclusion.?
总的来说,我赞成(词典中)收入这些词。
in
one’s
favour有利于某人
do
sb
a
favour=do
a
favour
for
sb帮某人的忙
ask
a
favour
of
sb请某人帮个忙
owe
sb
a
favour欠某人一个人情
in
favour
of
-31-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②We
equal
pay
for
equal
work.?
我们都赞成同工同酬。
(2)写作升级
③The
majority
of
the
people
at
the
meeting
were
for
the
reform
in
the
law.
→[满分表达]The
majority
of
the
people
at
the
meeting
were
the
reform
in
the
law.?
are
all
in
favour
of
in
favour
of
-32-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.consist
of
由……组成
[高考佳句]
①The
extensive
collection
masterworks
in
sculpture,colored
glass,and
precious
objects
from
Europe
dating
from
about
the
9th
to
the
15th
century.?
这个广泛的收藏包括雕刻杰作、彩色玻璃,以及追溯到大约9世纪到15世纪的来自欧洲的珍贵物品。(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解A篇)
(1)consist
of=be
made
up
of=be
composed
of由……组成
consist
in=lie
in存在于,在于
(2)consistent
adj.一致的;持续的
be
consistent
with与……一致
be
consistent
in在……方面一致
consists
of
-33-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Most
are
also
equipped
with
automatic
fire
alarm
systems
heat
detectors,smoke
detectors
and
sprinklers.
大多数楼层还配备了由热探测器、烟雾探测器和自动喷水灭火装置组成的自动火灾报警系统。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)
③Most
food
webs,for
instance, many
weak
links
rather
than
a
few
strong
ones.?
例如,大多数食物网由许多薄弱环节组成,而不是由几个强有力的环节组成。(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
consisting
of
consist
of
-34-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④The
reading
places
are
mostly
made
up
of
tables
and
chairs.
→[满分表达]
The
reading
places
tables
and
chairs.?
consist
mostly
of
-35-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.AIDS
is
another
problem
of
great
concern
so
sex
education
and
health
care
administration
are
extremely
important.(Page
22)艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。
→“of+抽象名词”结构
(1)“of+抽象名词”相当于一个和该名词对应的形容词。有类似用法的有:of
importance=important;of
value=valuable;of
no
use=useless;of
significance=significant;of
benefit=beneficial等。
(2)该结构在句中常做表语、定语或宾语补足语,说明事物的性质或状态。
(3)此结构还常用于:of
(+different,the
same,similar等)
+名词(colour,kind,type,sort,shape,size,age,date,width,depth,weight,height,length,quality,character,feature等)。
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①Working
out
regularly
is
your
health.?
经常锻炼对你的健康十分有益。
②The
twins’
rooms
are
.
那对双胞胎的房间一样大。
③The
shopkeeper
claimed
that
the
goods
in
his
store
were
.?
店主声称他店里的商品质量好。
of
great
benefit
to
of
the
same
size
of
good
quality
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
(2)写作升级
④The
advice
the
expert
offered
us
last
Friday
is
very
valuable
to
our
study.
→[满分表达]
The
advice
the
expert
offered
us
last
Friday
is
our
study.?
of
great
value
to
-38-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.Their
belief
is
that
this
is
the
only
way
for
many
of
these
nations
to
escape
their
painful
pasts.(Page
22)人们坚信,这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一的出路。
→that
引导表语从句句型
(1)Their
belief
is
that...“他们的信念是……”,其中that引导的是一个表语从句。
(2)表语从句可以由多个关系词引导,如whether,how,why,when,where,that,what,because,as
if等。除了that外,其他的关系词在从句中都有一定的意义。
(3)引导表语从句时that在从句中不表示任何意思,但也不可省略。
-39-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①The
result
is
people
stop
driving
before
they
really
need
to.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②The
good
news
is
I
can
help
my
own
kids
learn
earlier
than
I
did
how
to
live
more
with
less.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③College
is
you
meet
your
bridesmaids,groomsmen,
neighbors,and
potential
bosses.(2016·浙江卷,六选五阅读)?
(2)单句改错
④And
now
when
I
look
at
it,I
think
her
presence
in
the
photo
is
that
makes
the
image
interesting.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
that
where
that→what
that
-40-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.Some
advertisements
consist
of
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are.(Page
26)有些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
→常用主动形式表示被动意义句型
-41-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
consist
of在句中应用主动形式表示被动含义。下面的短语也常用主动形式表示被动意义:
(1)break
out爆发
(2)date
back
to=date
from追溯到……
(3)run
out用完
(4)come
out出版
(5)take
place发生
(6)get
across
to被……理解
(7)come
about发生
(8)come
into
being形成
(9)come
true实现
(10)belong
to属于
-42-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①Her
friends
came
to
help
her
when
the
war
(break)
out.(2017·浙江卷,完形填空)?
②Think
of
the
people
who
(belong)
to
book
groups.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
(2)单句改错
③She
has
a
mental
toughness
that
was
not
come
about
by
chance.(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
broke
belong
was→did
-43-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.We
should
do
everything
we
can
to
stop
this
airport.(Page
30)我们应该尽力来阻止(修建)这个机场。
→do
everything
sb
can句型
(1)we
should
do
everything
we
can
to
do...表示“我们应该尽力做……来……”。句中we
can是一个定语从句,修饰everything,引导词that省略了,而定语从句中省去了动词do。
(2)该句式也可改为We
should
do
what
we
can
to
(do)...。
-44-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①Everybody
should
do
to
protect
the
environment.?
每个人都应竭尽所能保护环境。
(2)写作升级
②The
doctors
did
everything
they
could
to
save
the
girl.
→[满分表达]
The
doctors
did
to
save
the
girl.?
everything/what
he
can
what
they
could(共37张PPT)
Unit
12 Culture
Shock
-2-
主题语境:谈论文化
-3-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.owe
vt.欠(情、债等);归功于;归因于
[高考佳句]
①
“I
think
maybe
we
,”
she
said.?
她说:“我想或许我们应该向你道歉。”
(2015·北京卷,完形填空)
owe
sb
sth/owe
sth
to
sb欠某人某物/把……归功于……
owe
it
to
sb
to
do
sth认为应该为某人做某事
owing
to由于
owe
sb
an
apology应向某人道歉
owe
you
an
apology
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②David
owed
his
success
the
good
education
he
had
received
in
China
in
his
early
twenties.?
③I
owe
my
success
the
encouragement
and
help
from
my
colleagues
and
friends.?
(2)写作升级
④Because
of
the
heavy
snow,we
put
off
the
football
match.
→[满分表达] the
heavy
snow,we
put
off
the
football
match.?
to
Owing
to
to
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.absorb
vt.吸收;吸引;使全神贯注;同化;理解
[高考佳句]①I
don’t
want
to
modeling.?
我不想太过于专注做模特。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,语篇填空)
absorb
sth吸收某物
be/become
absorbed
in专心致志于;全神贯注于……
absorb
one’s
attention吸引某人的注意力
get
too
absorbed
in
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用absorb或其短语的恰当形式填空
②However,when
something
did
interest
me,I
could
become
.?
然而,当有什么事确实让我感兴趣的时候,我就会专心致志。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
③The
video
totally .?
录像完全吸引了孩子们的注意力。
(2)写作升级
④A
weak
ray
of
light
came
in
through
a
small
hole
in
the
wall
and
he
concentrated
on
his
reading.
→[满分表达]
A
weak
ray
of
light
came
in
through
a
small
hole
in
the
wall
and
he
his
reading.?
absorbed
absorbed
the
children’s
attention
was
absorbed
in
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.exchange
vt.兑换;交换;交流 n.交换;互换;交流
[高考佳句]①So
information
,but
it
wasn’t
a
true,intentional
back
and
forth.?
所以信息交换了,但是这不是真正的、有意的反复。(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)
exchange
sth
(with
sb)(与某人)
交换某种东西
exchange...for...以……换……
exchange
ideas交流想法
in
exchange
for作为……的交换
make/have
an
exchange交换
exchange
rate/the
rate
of
exchange汇率
was
exchanged
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②The
computer
I
bought
here
doesn’t
work
well.Could
I
??
我在这儿买的电脑不能很好运行,我可以换一下吗?
③The
Internet
enables
us
to
with
many
others.?
网络使我们能和其他许多人交流想法。(2016·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
make
an
exchange
exchange
ideas
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④And
every
week
he
cleaned
Old
Man
McColgin’s
chicken
house
to
exchange
manure.(肥料)
→[满分表达]
And
every
week
he
cleaned
Old
Man
McColgin’s
chicken
house
manure.(2015·四川卷,阅读理解B篇)?
in
exchange
for
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.majority
n.(常与of连用)大多数;半数以上
[经典例句]①When
I
have
a
different
opinion,I
may
choose
to
give
it
up
and
respect
the
opinion
of
.?
当我有不同观点时,我也许选择放弃,而尊重大多数人的观点。
the
majority大多数(做主语时谓语单复数均可)
a/the
majority
of...大多数……(做主语时谓语根据of后的名词确定)
in
the
majority占多数
the
majority
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②For
example,if
you
look
at
the
audience
at
a
classical
concert,the
majority
(be)
over
the
age
of
fifty.?
(2)写作升级
③Most
of
them
take
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.
→[满分表达]
take
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.(2016·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
is/are
The
majority
of
them
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.indicate
vt.表明;暗示;象征;示意
[高考佳句]①Previous
studies
have
also
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep.?
以前的研究已经表明,牛奶在帮助睡眠方面能起到很好的作用。(2016·四川卷,阅读理解D篇)
(1)indicate
sth表明某事
indicate
that...表明……
indicate
to
sb
sth向某人暗示/提示某事
(2)indication
n.表明;显示;象征
indicative
adj.指示的;表明;暗示
indicated
that
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②With
a
nod
of
his
head
he
indicated
me
where
I
should
sit.
③There
was
every
(indicate)
that
she
was
just
another
American
teenager
without
much
of
a
future.(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
(2)完成句子
④ ,a
boy
is
sitting
at
the
table,absorbed
in
reading.?
正如图画所显示,一个男孩坐在桌边专心读书。
to
indication
As
is
indicated
in
the
picture
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.familiar
adj.熟悉的;常见的;常听说的
[经典例句]
①English
is
a
dynamic
language
that
admits
new
words
and
recognizes
changes
in
meaning,spelling,and
usage
of
.?
英语是一种动态的语言,它接纳新的单词,并认可意义、拼写及熟悉单词用法的变化。
be
familiar
with对……熟悉
be
familiar
to为……所熟悉
look/sound/taste
familiar看/听/尝起来熟悉
familiar
words
四维热练单句语法填空
②Exposure
to
the
English
language
which
is
used
in
our
daily
life
can
make
people
familiar
them.?
③These
facts
are
familiar
you
all.?
with
to
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.stare
v.凝视,注视,盯着看 n.凝视,注视
[高考佳句]
①A
group
of
people
sitting
in
the
hall
stopped
talking
and us.?
坐在大厅里的一群人停止了交谈,盯着我们看。
(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
stare
at盯着看,凝视
stare
sb
down/out盯得某人转移目光
词义精析
(1)glare
侧重于怒视;
(2)glance
指快速地看某人或某物一眼,强调动作;
(3)stare
指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某事物;
(4)glimpse
指无意识地一瞥,是短暂而急促地看,强调结果。
stared
at
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
② he
gets
aware
of
it
and
quiets
down.?
凝视着他,直到他意识到并安静下来为止。
(2)用glare,glance,stare或glimpse的恰当形式填空
③Before
I
left,I
around
the
room.?
④We
her
at
the
entrance
of
the
shopping
centre
as
we
drove
by.?
⑤The
boy
was
so
afraid
of
the
dog
that
he
at
it
and
couldn’t
move.?
⑥She
at
me
angrily
and
said,“I
hate
you.”?
Stare
at
him
until
glanced
glimpsed
stared
glared
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.belong
vi.适应
[高考佳句]
①Suddenly
it
occurred
to
Majorcans
that
the
island
no
longer
them.?
马略卡人突然想到那个岛不再属于他们了。
(1)belong
to
sb属于某人
belong
to
a
club/an
organisation是俱乐部/组织的成员
(2)belongings
n.动产;财物
belonged
to
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用belong的恰当形式填空
②Gossip
is
satisfying
because
it
gives
people
a
sense
of
or
even
superiority.?
闲话之所以令人满意,是因为它给人一种归属感甚至优越感。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解A篇)
③We
had
to
keep
track
of
our
.?
我们得保管好自己的财物。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
(2)单句改错
④After
the
meeting
they
put
the
chair
back
where
it
belonged
to.
belonging
belongings
去掉to
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
9.attach
vt.附上;重视;把……固定;和……在一起
[高考佳句]
①Long-ago
builders
could wooden
poles
to
the
stones
and
rolled
them
across
the
sand,the
scientists
say.?
科学家们说,很久以前的建造者可能已经把木棒缚到石头上,把它们滚过沙子。(2015·四川卷,阅读理解E篇)
(1)attach...to...把……固定到……,把……附在……
attach
importance/significance/value
to重视;认为……重要/有意义/有价值
attach
oneself
to参加;和……在一起
be
attached
to附属于;依恋;爱慕
(2)attached
adj.依恋的;爱慕;附属于
attachment
n.依恋;爱慕;信念;拥护;附属物
have
attached
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用attach或其短语的恰当形式填空
②Please
find
my
application
letter
and
resume
in
the
.?
请在我的附加文件中找到我的申请信和简历。
③The
photo
the
application
was
sometimes
that
of
a
very
good-looking
person
and
sometimes
that
of
a
less
attractive
person.?
贴在申请表上的照片有时是长相好看的人的,有时是不那么有吸引力的人的。
attachment
attached
to
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④It’s
important
to
practice
it
after
we
learn
a
theory.
→[满分表达]
We
should
it
after
we
learn
a
theory.?
attach
importance
to
practicing
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.see...off给(某人)送行;起程
[教材原句]
①He
insisted
on
walking
me
to
the
station
.(Page
40)
?
他坚持把我送到车站,为我送行。
see
about安排;办理;考虑
see
out持续到……结束,完成
see
to注意,照料,着手办理
see
to
it
that...确保……
see
through看穿,看透;坚持完成;帮助某人渡过难关
seeing
that...因为;由于;鉴于
to
see
me
off
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②Who
will
at
the
station
this
afternoon??
今天下午谁到车站去为那些客人送行?
③Can
you
the
fax
goes
this
afternoon??
你能确保今天下午传真机正常运行吗?
see
the
guests
off
see
to
it
that
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.as
a
result
结果;因此
[高考佳句]
①People
have
better
access
to
health
care
than
they
used
to,and
they’re
living
longer
.?
与过去相比,人们能更好地享受医疗保健,因此,他们也更长寿了。
(2017·北京卷,单项填空)
as
a
result
of由于;作为……的结果
result
in导致
result
from由……引起
without
result徒劳;毫无结果
as
a
result
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
② ,humans
developed
a
range
of
character
types
that
still
exists
today.?
结果,人类培养了至今还存在的一系列性格类型。(2016·北京卷,七选五阅读)
(2)单句语法填空
③We
are
still
dealing
with
problems
resulting
errors
made
in
the
past.?
④Long
exposure
to
noisy
surroundings
may
result
some
physical
and
mental
problems.
As
a
result
from
in
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(3)写作升级
⑤We
should
not
mistakenly
believe
that
we
always
behave
due
to
some
inner
disposition.
→[满分表达]
We
should
not
mistakenly
believe
that
we
always
behave
some
inner
disposition.(2014·重庆卷,阅读理解E篇)?
as
a
result
of
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.bring/put
an
end
to结束(=bring
sth
to
an
end)
[高考佳句]
①I
hope
this
research
will
advocating
strictly
timed
baby
feeding
practices.?
我希望这项研究将结束倡导严格定时的婴儿喂养做法。(2012·广东卷,阅读理解B篇)
put
an
end
to
-28-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(1)put
an
end
to...使……结束;停止……
come
to
an
end结束,告终
bring
an
end
to...=bring...to
an
end使……结束;终结……
at
the
end
of...在……结束时,在……末
in
the
end最后
by
the
end
of...到……末为止
(2)end
in...以……为结果
end
up结束;结果
end
up
with以……结束
end
up
doing最终做某事
-29-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Her
sudden
arrival
their
meeting.?
她的突然到来使他们的会议终止了。
(2)单句改错
③Every
time
he
arrived
home
at
end
of
the
day,we’d
greet
him
at
the
door.(2016·浙江卷,短文改错)
(3)单句语法填空
④Driverless
cars
may
end
up
(be)
a
form
of
public
transport
rather
than
vehicles
you
own.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
end前加the
being
put
an
end
to
-30-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.You
can
either
choose
to
stay
on
a
boat
or
go
camping
and
practise
cooking
on
an
open
fire
next
to
a
lake.(Page
37)你可以选择待在船上,也可以去野营,练习在湖边的篝火上烧煮。
→either...or...句型
(1)either...or...是一个并列结构,表示“或者……,或者……”,在句中应连接两个并列成分;
(2)either...or...连接句子主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应按就近一致原则来确定。
-31-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①It
had
also
given
me
a
choice,
to
leave
that
page
blank
to
keep
writing
the
story
with
hope.?
它也给了我一个选择,要么让这一页空白,要么继续满怀希望地写故事。(2018·江苏卷,完形填空)
(2)单句改错
②Either
you
or
your
sister
have
to
stay
with
your
grandmother.
③When
it’s
sunny,I
often
go
to
work
either
by
bike
nor
on
foot,which
is
friendly
to
the
environment,I
think.
have→has
nor→or
either
or
-32-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.When
I
first
arrived
in
San
Francisco,I
had
a
difficult
time
understanding
certain
aspects
of
the
American
way
of
doing
things.(Page
40)刚到旧金山时,有段时间我感到很难理解某些美国人的处事方式。
→have
a
difficult/hard
time
doing
sth句型
(1)have
a
difficult/hard
time
doing
sth表示“有段时间很难做某事”,也可用have
a
difficult/hard
time
in
doing
sth结构。
(2)类似地,have
trouble/problems/difficulty
(in)
doing
sth表示“做某事有困难”。
(3)注意:表示“在某方面有困难”应用结构have
trouble/problems/difficulty
with
sth。
-33-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①I
had
a
difficult
time
.
有段时间我理解数学题有困难。
②Helen
when
she
was
young.?
海伦小时候和父母交流有困难。
(2)写作升级
③At
that
time
I
had
problems
speaking
before
others.I
really
suffered
a
lot
of
it.
→[满分表达]
At
that
time
I
suffered
a
lot
from
the
problems
before
others.?
understanding
maths
problems
had
problems/difficulty/trouble
communicating
with
her
parents
that
I
had
speaking/I
had
in
speaking
-34-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.I
had
a
similar
experience
the
last
time
I
visited
China.(Page
40)上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。
→the
last
time引导时间状语从句句型
the
last
time“在上次……的时候”,在此处用作关联词,引导时间状语从句。类似地,下面结构也常用以引导时间状语从句。
(1)名词短语:the
first/second/third
time;the
moment;the
minute;the
instant;every/each
time;next
time等;
(2)副词:directly/immediately/instantly等。
-35-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练完成句子
① I
make
enough
it’ll
be
gone!?
到我赚够的时候为止,它将没了!(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
② I
went
there,they
were
living
in
a
small
house
with
dogs,ducks
and
other
animals.?
我第一次去那里,他们住在一个小房子里,那里有狗、鸭子和其他动物。(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)
By
the
time
The
first
time
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.I
can’t
bear
the
way
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated.(Page
42)我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的态度。
→先行词为way时的定语从句句型
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated是一个定语从句,修饰the
way,引导词that或in
which省去了。way表示“方法”时,后面的定语从句常用that或in
which引导,也可省略,that或in
which在定语从句中充当状语。如果引导词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则应用that或which引导。
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①Could
you
tell
me
the
way
??
你能告诉我装这个软件的方法吗?
②The
way
is
very
practical.
老师告诉我的方法很实用。
(2)单句语法填空
③They
have
the
power
to
reach
common
goals
in
a
way
traditional
male
managers
cannot.(2016·上海卷,阅读理解)?
I
can
install
this
software
that/which
my
teacher
told
me
that
