(共37张PPT)
必修5?
Unit
13 People
-3-
主题语境:谈论人
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.gain
v.获得;增加;赢得;(钟表)走快;受益
n.增值,增加;好处,利益,改进;利润,经济收益
[高考佳句]
①...farmers
in
the
Midwest
extra
rain.?
……中西部农民从额外的降雨中受益。(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)
gain
confidence
获得自信
gain
by/from
从……中获益
gain
in
在……方面有所增长/增加
gain
weight
增重
gain
time
赢得时间
gained
from
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用gain及其短语的恰当形式填空
②If
we
go
on
a
trip
abroad,we
can
broaden
our
view
and
we
cannot
get
from
books.?
如果我们到国外旅行,我们可以开阔我们的眼界,获得我们从书本上无法获取的知识。
③Rich
countries’
are
greater
than
their
losses.?
富裕国家的收获比它们的损失大。(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)
④Brooks
for
several
books.?
布鲁克斯因好几本书而获得名气。
(2)完成句子
⑤Just
as
the
saying
goes,“ , ”.?
正如谚语所说:“不劳无获。”
gain
knowledge
gains
gained
fame
No
pains
no
gains
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.concentrate
v.集中(思想、注意力等);集中(或集合、聚集)
[高考佳句]
①The
possibility
of
entering
into
and
losing
such
a
match
should
the
minds
of
computer
scientists.?
进入和失去这样一场比赛的可能性应该集中在计算机科学家的脑海里。(2017·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)
(1)concentrate
on/upon
集中于……
concentrate
one’s
attention
on/upon...把某人的注意力集中在……
(2)concentrated
adj.集中的;浓缩的;全神贯注的
concentration
n.专心;集中(注意力)
concentrate
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②...we
find
it
harder
the
next
day
and
learn
new
information...?
……第二天我们发现更难以集中注意力和了解新的信息了……(2017·北京卷,七选五阅读)
③Doctors
are
aiming
prevention
than
cure.?
医生们正努力将更多注意力放在预防而不是治疗疾病上。
to
concentrate
to
concentrate
more
attention
on/at
concentrating
more
attention
on
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)单句语法填空
④ (concentrate)
your
energy
on
English
will
enable
you
to
master
the
language.?
(3)写作升级
⑤Previous
generations
paid
attention
to
children
to
school
on
time,fed,dressed
and
ready
to
learn.
→[满分表达]
Previous
generations
children
to
school
on
time,fed,dressed
and
ready
to
learn.
concentrated
on
getting
Concentrating
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.predict
vt.预言,预测,预报
[高考佳句]
①It’s
hard
to
driverless
cars
will
be
everywhere
on
our
roads.?
难以预测什么时候无人驾驶轿车会在马路上随处可见。(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)
(1)predict
sth
预测某事
predict
that/what/when...预测……
(2)predictable
adj.可预见的;意料之中的
prediction
n.预测,预报
predict
when
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②The
data
can
be
used
to
make
useful
economic
.
这些数据可用来进行有用的经济上的预测。
(2)写作升级
③“How
much
a
parent
reads
best
predicts
a
child’s
reading
ability,”
Anderson
says.
→[满分表达]“A
child’s
reading
ability
by
how
much
a
parent
reads,”
Anderson
says.?
predictions
is
best
predicted
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.deserve
vt.应得,值得
[高考佳句]①The
story
once
again
tells
us
that
one
good
turn
another.
?
这个故事又一次告诉我们,善有善报。(2018·北京卷,完形填空)
(1)deserve
sth
应得到……
deserve
it
理应得到
deserve
doing/to
be
done
值得做
deserve
to
do
应该做……;理应做……
deserve
attention/consideration
值得注意/考虑
(2)deserving
adj.值得的;应得的
deserves
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②All
these
heroes
deserve
(respect)
because
they
have
all
done
something
great
to
us
all.?
③Mike
and
Maria,you’ve
been
working
all
the
morning.I
think
you
really
deserve
(have)a
rest.?
(2)完成句子
④Congratulations
again
on
your
promotion.You
.?
再度恭喜你高升,你是当之无愧的。
respecting/to
be
respected
to
have
deserve
it
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.accuse
vt.指责,控告,谴责
[教材原句]
①The
man
stealing
money.He
was
brought
to
court.(Page
9)?
那名男子因被指控偷钱而被送上法庭。
accuse
sb
of
sth
因某事指责/控告某人
be
accused
of(doing)sth
因(做)某事受到指责/控告
词义精析
(1)accuse表示“控告,指控”,常和介词of连用;
(2)blame表示“责骂,指责”,常和介词for连用;
(3)scold表示“责骂”,常和介词for连用;
(4)punish表示“惩罚”,用介词for和其搭配;
(5)charge表示“指控”,常和介词with连用。
was
accused
of
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②I
don’t
think
anyone
can
accuse
him
not
being
frank.?
(2)用scold或charge的恰当形式填空
③
with
murder,he
isn’t
allowed
to
leave
his
home.?
④His
father
often
him
for
nothing,which
tends
to
upset
his
mother.?
(3)写作升级
⑤It
was
surprising
that
the
official
was
charged
with
corruption.
→[满分表达]
It
was
surprising
that
the
official
was
corruption.?
of
Charged
scolds
accused
of
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.desire
n.渴望,欲望 v.渴望,想要
[高考佳句]
①...we
all
share
a
common
pleasure,for
connection,for
something
that
is
greater
than
us.?
……我们都有共同的想要得到快乐、相互联系、得到比我们更好的东西的欲望。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
(1)desire
for
sth
渴望得到某物
have
a
desire
to
do/for
sth
有做/要某物的欲望/愿望
desire
to
do
sth
想做某事
desire
sb
to
do
sth
想让某人做某事
if
desired
如果想要的话
desire
that
sb(should)+v.“要求某人做……”
(2)desirable
adj.可取的,值得拥有的,值得做的
desirous
adj.渴望的,希望的
desire
for
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②He
had
a
strong
desire
(free)her
family
from
trouble.(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③In
2004,when
my
daughter
Becky
was
ten,she
and
my
husband,Joe,were
united
in
their
desire
a
dog.?
(2)完成句子
④Few
people
I
know
seem
to
have
much
? .?
我认识的人里面,似乎没有人想要或者有时间做饭。(2018·浙江卷,语篇填空)
to
free
for
desire
or
time
to
cook
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.relief
n.减轻,宽慰,轻松,解脱;消除,缓和;救济品
[高考佳句]
①A
bright
red
cloud
enveloped
the
animal,and
,it
fell
back,shaking
its
head.?
一道明亮的红云笼照着那只动物,令马克感到宽慰的是,它摇着头,往后倒下。(2017·浙江卷,读后续写)
(1)(much)to
one’s
relief
令某人感到(非常)宽慰/庆幸的是
a
sense
of
relief
一种解脱感
give
a
patient
relief
from
pain
使病人减轻痛苦
(2)relieve
v.解除,减轻,缓和
relieve
sb
from
anxiety
消除某人的忧虑
relieve
sb
of...解除某人的……(如负担、痛苦等)
to
Mac’s
relief
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
② ,I
sat
back
in
an
easy
chair
and
fell
asleep.?
很是宽慰,我坐回到一把舒适的椅子上睡着了。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
③Whatever
it
is,make
sure
it’s
a
daily
stress
rather
than
another
thing
to
worry
about.?
无论是什么,确保它是对日常压力的缓解,而不是一件要担心的事。(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,语篇填空)
④He
watched
as
the
girl
nodded.?
女孩点头时他轻松地看着。
Relieved
relief
from
with
relief
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
⑤It
gave
us
a
relief
when
we
discovered
the
car
not
damaged.
→[满分表达] ,we
discovered
the
car
not
damaged.?
To
our
relief
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.shelter
n.居所,住处;遮蔽;避难处 vi.掩蔽;躲避
[高考佳句]①She
couldn’t
understand
why
some
people
had
to
live
their
lives
or
enough
food.?
她无法理解为什么有些人生活居无定所,没有足够的食物。(2017·北京卷,完形填空)
(1)shelter
sb
from
sb/sth
给某人/某物提供庇护处;保护某人/某物
take
shelter
from
the
rain/wind/bad
weather
躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气
shelter...from...保护……不受……的破坏
a
bus
shelter
公共汽车站的候车亭
(2)sheltered
adj.可避(风雨)的
without
shelter
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
完成句子
②...you’ll
need
a
warm,
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it...?
……你将需要一个有很好的土壤、温暖而遮蔽好的地方来种植它……(2016·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)
③She
told
me
that
some
of
the
children
lived
with
an
older
lady
while
others
slept
on
the
streets.?
她告诉我一些孩子和一位老太太住在避难所,而其他的孩子则睡在大街上。(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)
sheltered
in
a
shelter
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
9.fail
v.在(某事物)中失败;不及格;未能;使失望;出故障,失灵;衰退
[高考佳句]
①She
a
scholarship.?
她没能得到奖学金。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,听力)
(1)fail
to
do
sth
没能做某事
fail
in
在某方面失败
fail
sb
使某人失望
without
fail
肯定;必定
(2)failure
n.失败;失败的人或事
heart
failure
心脏衰弱;心力衰竭
温馨提醒failure表示“失败”时为不可数名词,而表示“失败的人或事”时为可数名词。
failed
to
get
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Paris
had
suffered
.?
帕里斯曾突然心力衰竭。(2017·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
③
is
the
mother
of
success.?
失败是成功之母。(2018·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
(2)写作升级
④Her
friends
let
her
disappointed
when
she
most
needed
them.
→[满分表达]Her
friends
when
she
most
needed
them.?
⑤If
we
can’t
do
so,we’ll
live
to
regret
it.
→[满分表达]
If
we
so,we’ll
live
to
regret
it.(2015·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)?
a
sudden
heart
failure
Failure
failed
her
fail
to
do
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.in
terms
of
从……角度,就……而言
[高考佳句]
①How
would
you
describe
the
author
personalities
according
to
Paragraph
4??
根据第四段,你会如何从性格角度描述作者?(2018·天津卷,阅读表达)
in
the
long/short
term
就长期/短期而言
be
on...terms
with
sb
与某人相处……
come
to
terms
with
妥协,迁就,顺从
in
terms
of
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Our
communities
benefit
from
arts
economy.
从经济角度来讲,我们的社区受益于艺术。(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
③I’m
very
glad
you’ve
finally
the
climate
in
the
mountains.?
我很高兴,你们终于适应了山区的气候。
(2)写作升级
④Considering
finance,we’ll
certainly
face
a
big
problem.
→[满分表达]
We’ll
certainly
face
a
big
problem
finance.?
come
to
terms
with
in
terms
of
in
terms
of
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.can’t
help
doing
sth
禁不住做某事
[高考佳句]
①As
sad
as
it
was,I
.?
尽管很难过,我还是忍不住微笑。(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)
(can’t)
help
(to)
do
sth
(不能)帮忙做某事
cannot
help
but
do
sth
禁不住做某事
cannot
choose
but
do
sth
不得不做某事
can’t
help
(it)
没有办法,控制不了
have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth
除了做某事以外别无选择
help
sb
with
sth
帮助某人某事
help
sb
(to)
do
sth
帮助某人做某事
couldn’t
help
smiling
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②We
hope
that
our
work
will
technological
solutions
to
ensure
that
older
drivers
stay
safer
behind
the
wheel.?
我们希望我们的工作将帮助提供技术上的解决方法,以确保方向盘后的年长司机更加安全。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)
(2)单句语法填空
③But
I
could
not
help
(think)about
that
silly
poem.(2016·上海卷,阅读理解A篇)
?
④As
I
held
my
father’s
hands
one
night,I
can’t
help
but
(notice)their
calluses
and
roughness.(2013·天津卷,完形填空)?
help
with
thinking
notice
-28-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.At
work,it
is
IQ
that
gets
you
hired
but
it
is
EQ
that
gets
you
promoted.(Page
8)在职场上,一个人的智商决定了你能否被录用,而情商则决定了你能否得到提拔。
→It’s...that...强调句型
(1)英语中对除了谓语外的成分进行强调时,可以使用it’s...that...结构。
(2)被强调部分是人时,可以用it’s...that/who...结构。
-29-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.?
就在我回到公寓的时候,我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。(2017·天津卷,单项填空)
②
the
ocean
makes
Rockaway
so
special...?
是海洋让洛克威如此特别……(2016·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)
③
our
experience
of
the
garden
matters.?
我们对花园的体验很重要。(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五阅读)
that
It’s
that
It’s
that
-30-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
(2)写作升级
④For
that
reason
the
boss
refused
my
proposal.
→[满分表达] for
that
reason
the
boss
refused
my
proposal.?
⑤The
three-year-old
boy
saved
his
mother
by
calling
the
police.
→[满分表达] the
three-year-old
boy
saved
his
mother
by
calling
the
police.?
It
was
that
It
was
that/who
-31-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.It
is
generally
believed
that
people
with
high
EQs
are
open
to
new
ideas
and
have
positive
attitudes
towards
life.(Page
9)人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,并对生活持积极态度。
→It
is
generally
believed
that...句型
(1)句中It
is
generally
believed
that...是一个常用句型,表示“人们通常相信……,人们普遍认为……”。句中的that
引导的从句是句子真正的主语,it为形式主语。它相当于People
generally
believe
that...。
(2)guess,think,suppose,accept等动词也可用于此结构。
-32-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
① education
can
make
a
difference
to
a
person’s
life.?
人们普遍相信教育能对一个人的生活产生影响。
(2)写作升级
②People
generally
believe
that
staying
up
does
harm
to
our
health.
→[满分表达] staying
up
does
harm
to
our
health.?
It’s
generally
believed
that
It’s
generally
believed
that
-33-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.The
results
of
studies
such
as
these
show
that
EQ
is
as
important,if
not
more
important
than
IQ.(Page
9)这类研究结果表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,也至少与智商同样重要。
→A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.句型
(1)“A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.”表示“即使A不比B更……,也至少与它同样……”。其中,if
not...than实际上是一个省略的条件状语从句。
(2)该句型和“A
is
as...as,if
not...than,B.”意义相同。
-34-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
respectful
profession,without
going
to
college,and
be
just
as
good
as, ,my
competitors.?
我想证明,不上大学我也能自学一门受人尊重的职业,并且,不比我的竞争对手好的话,也至少和他们一样好。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
(2)写作升级
②Our
village
is
as
big
as,if
not
bigger
than,yours.
→[满分表达]Our
village
is
,
.?
if
not
better
than
as
big
if
not
bigger
than
yours
-35-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.I
really
dislike
it
when
he
eats
garlic
for
lunch.(Page
11)我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
→it做形式宾语,后跟宾语从句句型
(1)句中it为形式宾语,后面when引导的是一个宾语从句。
(2)在表示喜好的like,dislike,hate,enjoy及appreciate,rely
on,depend
on等动词(短语)后跟宾语从句时,结构和dislike相同,常先用it做形式宾语,再将宾语从句放在后面。
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①I
would
appreciate
if
you
could
take
a
message
for
him.?
(2)完成句子
②I
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.?
我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行会话。(2016·天津卷,单项填空)
it
hate
it
when
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
5.If
anything,it
made
me
even
angrier.(Page
14)如果说有什么影响的话,那只会平添我几分怒气。
→if
anything
句型
句中的if
anything是一个省略句,表示“如果有什么不同的话,正相反”。
四维热练完成句子
The
greatness
has
little, ,to
do
with
rank
or
power.?
如果有什么不同的话,真正的伟大几乎与权力和地位毫无关系。
if
anything(共42张PPT)
Unit
14 Careers
-2-
主题语境:谈论职业
-3-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.reward
n.奖赏;回报 vt.奖赏;给以回报;酬谢
[高考佳句]
①...the
baby
birds
that
most
closely
imitated
their
mom’s
voice
the
most
food.
……最接近模仿母亲声音的幼鸟被奖励了最多的食物。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)
(1)in
reward
for
=in
return
for
作为报答;作为奖赏
as
a
reward(for)
作为(对……的)奖赏(报酬)
reward
sb
for
sth
因某事而奖赏某人
reward
sb
with
sth
用某物(奖赏)回报某人
(2)rewarding
adj.有报酬的;有益的;值得的
were
rewarded
with
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Traveling
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an_____________________
experience.
沿着旧的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的经历。(2018·北京卷,单项填空)
③Another
is
that
the
helping
behaviors
are
not
improved
if
the
children
.?
另一个(原因)是如果孩子们得到奖赏,帮助的行为就不会得到提升。(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)
are
rewarded
interesting
and
rewarding
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④She
got
nothing
in
return
for
her
kindness,which
surprised
us
all.
→[满分表达]She
got
nothing
her
kindness,which
surprised
us
all.?
in
reward
for
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.charge
vt.收费,要价;指控,控告;充电 n.要价,收费;指控,控告;负责
[高考佳句]
①We
choose
this
hotel
because
the
price
for
a
night
here
is
down
to
$20,half
of
what
it
.?
我们之所以选择这家酒店,是因为在这里住一夜的费用降到了20美元,是过去要价的一半。(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
charge
sb
with
sth
指控某人犯……罪
charge
sb
for
sth
因某物收某人钱
free
of
charge
免费
take
charge
of
接管;控制
in
charge
of
负责……
in
the
charge
of
由……负责
used
to
charge
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②He
murder.?
他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
(2)写作升级
③It’s
what
this
place
offers,and
it’s
free.
→[满分表达]
It’s
what
this
place
offers,and
it’s
.?
free
of
charge
was
charged
with
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.consult
v.咨询,请教;查阅;商议
[高考佳句]①I
a
physician(内科医生),I
hired
a
fitness
coach,and
I
began
to
eat
small
and
healthy
meals.?
我咨询了一名内科医生,我雇用了一位健身教练,并开始少量饮食、健康饮食。(2017·天津卷,完形填空)
(1)consult
sb
(about
sth)
向某人咨询(某事)
consult
(with)
sb
about/on
sth
与某人商量某事
consult
a
map
查地图
consult...for...在……上查找……
(2)consultant
n.顾问
consultation
n.咨询;商讨;商议;会议
consulted
with
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②I’m
a
34-year-old
man,married,live
in
a
nice
house,and
have
a
successful
career
as
an
educational
.?
我,一位34岁的男性,已婚,住着一栋漂亮的房子,有份当教育咨询师的成功事业。(2016·天津卷,阅读表达)
(2)写作升级
③If
you
don’t
know
the
word,you
can
look
it
up
in
your
dictionary.
→[满分表达]
If
you
don’t
know
the
word,you
can
.?
consultant
consult
your
dictionary
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.grasp
vt.理解,领会;抓牢,抓紧 n.理解,领悟;抓,握
[高考佳句]
①Then,she
reached
out
her
hands
to
.
随后,她伸出手来抓住我的手。(2014·重庆卷,阅读理解A篇)
grasp
sth
抓住某物;领会某事
grasp
sb
by
the
wrist
抓住某人的手腕
grasp
one’s
meaning
领会某人的意思
have
a
good
grasp
of
sth
对某物的领悟力好
beyond/within
one’s
grasp(不)能为某人所理解
grasp
mine
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Having
read
the
article
several
times,Ann
still
couldn’t
.?
安已经把那篇文章读了好几遍,可还是不能领会作者的意思。
③Read
the
novel
once
again,and
you’ll
it.?
再把那部小说读一遍,你会对它有更好的理解。
(2)写作升级
④Don’t
you
think
the
children
can’t
understand
your
explanation?
→[满分表达]Don’t
you
think
your
explanation
is
??
grasp
the
writer’s
meaning
have
a
better
grasp
of
beyond
the
children’s
grasp
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.hesitate
v.犹豫,踌躇
[高考佳句]
①Still,she
.She
didn’t
think
she
knew
it
well
enough.?
她还是犹豫,她不认为她已经了解得够好了。(2017·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)
(1)hesitate
to
do
sth
犹豫做某事
hesitate
about/in/at/over
doing
sth
做某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation
n.犹豫;踌躇
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫
hesitant
adj.犹豫的
hesitantly
adv.犹豫地
hesitated
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②A
few
students
hesitated
(start).(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
③If
you
have
some
other
requirements,don’t
hesitate
(inform)
us.(2015·天津卷,书面表达)?
(2)写作升级
④I
didn’t
hesitate,and
decided
to
follow
them
and
we
did
have
lots
of
fun
that
day.
→[满分表达] ,I
decided
to
follow
them
and
we
did
have
lots
of
fun
that
day.(2015·浙江卷,书面表达)?
to
start
to
inform
Without
hesitation
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.decrease
n.减少;减少量 v.减少,降低
[高考佳句]
①This
switch
has
in
the
country’s
major
lakes
and
reservoirs
and
made
drinking
water
safer
for
people.
?
这个改变已经减少了全国主要湖泊和水库地区的污染,对于人们来说,饮用水也变得更安全。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,语篇填空)
decrease
sth
使……减少
decrease
in...在……(方面)降低/减少
decrease
by...减少了……
decrease
to...减少到……
on
the
decrease
在减少
decreased
pollution
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
environment,more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
为了减少垃圾数量,保护环境,更多的政府在要求人们回收材料。
③So
even
if
emissions
were
to
begin
today,we
would
still
face
the
challenge
of
adapting
to
climate
change.?
所以,即使今天排放开始减少,我们也还得面对适应气候变化的挑战。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
To
decrease
to
decrease
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
④Because
of
the
flood,the
rice
production
has
decreased
18%
in
this
region.?
由于水灾,这个地区的水稻产量已经减少了18%。
(2)单句语法填空
⑤The
number
of
students
in
the
village
school
is
the
decrease.?
by
on
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.operate
vi.运转,运作;做手术 vt.操作;经营,管理
[高考佳句]①Who
is
responsible
for
the
of
such
vehicles
is
not
clear
among
car
makers,consumers
and
lawyers.?
在汽车制造商、消费者和律师之间谁负责这种车辆的运作是不清楚的。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
(1)operate
sth
经营……,使……运转
operate
on
sb
给某人做手术
(2)operation
n.手术;经营
come
into
operation
开始运转
be
in
operation
操作中;进行中
(3)operator
n.操作员
operation
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Because
of
the
confusion,Merat
thinks
some
car
makers
will
wait
until
vehicles
can
be
fully
automated
without
human
.
由于迷惑,梅拉特认为一些汽车制造商会等到车辆无须人工操作而完全自动时为止。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
③Such
systems
do
not
need
face
to
face...?
这样的系统不需要面对面操作……(2016·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
operation
to
operate
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)单句改错
④The
surgeon
has
decided
to
operate
Taylor’s
knee
next
Monday
afternoon.
(3)写作升级
⑤ORBIS
is
an
international
non-profit
organisation
which
operates
the
world’s
only
flying
teaching
eye
hospital.
→[满分表达]ORBIS
is
an
international
non-profit
organisation
the
world’s
only
flying
teaching
eye
hospital.?
operate后加on
operating
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.respond
vi.回应,响应,反应;回复,回答
[高考佳句]
①The
homeowner
called
to
say
that
the
parents
had
the
recordings.?
房主打电话说父母已经对录音做出了回应。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)
(1)respond
to
sth
对某事做出回应
respond
by
doing
sth
以某种方式回应
respond
that...答复……
(2)response
n.回应,反应,回答
give/make
no
response
to...对……不予回答/回应
in
response
to...作为对……的回应
with
no
response
没有回答,没有反应
responded
to
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Slow
to
the
change,your
body
clock
is
confused.?
由于对变化反应缓慢,你的生物钟被打乱了。
(2)单句语法填空
③This
allows
them
to
respond
more
appropriately
the
user.(2015·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
respond
to
to
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.make
up
编造;整理;和解;弥补;拼凑;构成;化妆
[高考佳句]
①You
might
think
that
developing
nations
the
loss,but
you’d
be
wrong.?
你也许认为发展中国家会弥补这一损失,但你错了。(2017·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
make
out
理解,辨认出
make
it
成功做到
make
for
有利于;促成
make
it
to
到达
make
up
(to
sb)
for
sth
(对某人)因某事而给予补偿
make
up
with
sb
与某人和好
make
known
传达,使知晓
be
made
into...被制成……
be
made
up
of...由……组成
be
made
of/from
由……制成
would
make
up
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②Since
the
poorest
are
least
likely
their
losses
from
disasters
linked
to
El
Nino,reducing
their
losses
needs
to
be
the
priority.?
由于最穷的(那些国家)最不可能弥补与厄尔尼诺现象有关的灾难所造成的损失,所以需要优先减少他们的损失。(2016·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)
③In
those
days,a
brush
camel’s
hair.?
那些日子,刷子是由骆驼毛制成的。(2017·浙江卷,阅读理解A篇)
④Oh,happy
day!I
!?
哦,真是快乐的一天!我做到了!(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)
to
make
up
for
was
made
from
made
it
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.pay
off
得到好结果;取得成功;还清;付清工资(解雇)
[高考佳句]
①This
work
is
starting
to
.?
这项工作开始取得成功。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解C篇)
pay
for
付……的钱
pay
sb
back
for
sth
因某事向某人报复
pay
up
付清;缴清
pay
sb
off
付清工资后解雇
pay
attention
to
注意
pay
a
visit
to
拜访
get
paid
得到报酬
pay
off
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②But
through
all
this,Hannah
still
has
the
normal
life
of
a
Winnipeg
schoolgirl,except
that
she
homeless
people.?
但是通过这一切,除了定期看望无家可归的人,汉娜跟其他普通的温尼伯女学生一样,仍然过着正常的生活。(2017·北京卷,完形填空)
③Would
we
a
kitemark??
我们会更加注意风筝标记吗?(2016·上海卷,阅读理解C篇)
pays
regular
visits
to
pay
any
more
attention
to
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④Thanks
to
your
constructive
advice,our
plan
was
successful
eventually.
→[满分表达]Thanks
to
your
constructive
advice,our
plan
eventually.?
paid
off
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.in
case
以防万一;万一
[高考佳句]
①Larry
told
her
that
he
had
already
put
out
the
fire
and
she
should
not
move
she
injured
her
neck.?
拉里告诉她火已经被扑灭了,并嘱咐她不要乱动以免伤到脖子。(2016·上海卷,完形填空)
in
case
of
万一,如果,假使
in
no
case
决不(置于句首,句子用倒装)
in
any
case
无论如何,不管怎样
in
this/that
case
如果这样/那样,若是这样/那样的话
as
is
often
the
case
这是常有的事
in
case
-28-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
② ,ask
to
speak
in
person
as
soon
as
possible
and
say
sorry.?
在那种情况下,尽快要求亲自发言,并表示歉意。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)
③This
time,we
stayed
together, anything
else
unusual
happened.?
这一次,我们待在一起,以防其他任何异常的事情发生。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
In
that
case
in
case
-29-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④You
need
to
have
your
own
mind.You
should,in
no
case,follow
the
crowd.
→[满分表达]
You
need
to
have
your
own
mind.In
no
case
the
crowd.?
should
you
follow
-30-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.rather
than
而不是
[高考佳句]
①Most
food
webs,for
instance,consist
of
many
weak
links
a
few
strong
ones.?
例如,大多数食物网由许多薄弱环节组成,而不是由几个强有力的环节组成。(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)
(1)rather
than可用来连接两个并列成分,表示在两者中进行选择,意为“是A而不是B”,“要A不要B”,“宁愿A而不愿B”。
(2)rather
than后面可以接名词、名词短语、代词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动名词等。
(3)rather
than连接两个并列的成分做主语时,句子的谓语动词要根据其前面的主语确定单复数形式。
rather
than
-31-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
词义精析
(1)rather
than表示“而不是”,指两者之间排除一个。
(2)more
than的意思是“多于;不仅仅;很;非常”。
(3)or
rather的意思是“更确切地说”。
(4)other
than意思是“除……以外”。
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Very
quickly,she
learned
to
appreciate
life
everything
so
harshly.?
很快,她学会了感激生活,而不是那么刻薄地评判所有的事情。
rather
than
to
judge
-32-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)用other
than,more
than或or
rather填空
③But
that,I
now
regularly
compare
my
views
with
those
of
many
others.(2016·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
④In
the
end
he
had
to
walk, ,run
to
the
office.?
⑤The
real
problem
relates
to
the
possibility
that
artificial
intelligence(AI)
may
become
extremely
good
at
achieving
something
what
we
really
want.(2017·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)
more
than
or
rather
other
than
-33-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.Tell
her
to
phone
you
if
she
needs
any
more
guidance.(Page
22)告诉她如果她需要更多的指导就给你打电话。
→tell后接复合宾语句型
(1)句中tell
sb
to
do是tell后接复合宾语的用法,属于间接引语的一种常用句型,后面的动词不定式为宾语补足语,表示“告诉某人做某事”。
(2)如表示“告诉某人不要做某事”则应用tell
sb
not
to
do
sth。
(3)间接引语可根据情况选用动词ask,order,instruct,advise,beg等,它们和tell的结构相同,但suggest应用结构suggest
sb
(sb’s)
doing。
-34-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①A
few
minutes
later,the
instructor
the
car.?
几分钟后,教练让我把车停下来。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)
(2)单句语法填空
②Our
Chinese
teacher
suggests
us
(read)
as
many
famous
literary
works
as
we
can.?
asked
me
to
stop
reading
-35-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.Unfortunately,I
didn’t
have
much
time
to
find
out
about
the
organisation,but
I
did
write
down
all
the
things
I’m
good
at,like
playing
video
games!(Page
24)不幸的是,我没有多少时间去查明那个组织的情况,但我的确写下了我所擅长的所有的事,比如玩电子游戏!
→do/did用以加强语气的句型
(1)句中did用以加强语气。do常用在肯定句中来加强语气,此时,谓语的时态及人称和数的变化都应体现在do上,主要动词应用原形。
(2)do的强调用法一般用于一般现在时态的句子中;did常用于一般过去时态的句子中。
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①Last
but
not
least,please
the
deadline
is
July
30.?
最后但同样重要的一点,请一定记住截止日期七月三十日。(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
(2)写作升级
②My
sister
performed
very
well
in
the
ball.
→[满分表达]
My
sister
very
well
in
the
ball.(对谓语加以强调)
?
do
remember
did
perform
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.The
instant
she
stopped
asking
questions,I
got
up
and
went
out
of
the
room.(Page
24)她一停止问问题,我就起身走出了房间。
→the
instant引导时间状语从句句型
(1)句中the
instant
为从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“一……就……”。
(2)可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”的从属连词还有the
moment,the
minute,the
second,directly,immediately,instantly等。
-38-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)翻译句子
①The
moment
I
arrived
in
Paris,I
was
greeted
by
a
nice
French
couple
who
would
become
my
host
parents.(2013·浙江卷,完形填空)
(2)写作升级
②As
soon
as
I
saw
him,I
knew
he
was
angry.
→[满分表达]
I
knew
he
was
angry
I
saw
him.?
我一到巴黎,一对热心的法国夫妇接待了我,他们也成了我的房东。
the
instant/moment/minute/second
-39-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.Although
there
were
lots
of
difficulties
to
overcome,she
never
let
her
problems
defeat
her.(Page
26)尽管有许多困难要去克服,但她从来没有让困难打败自己。
→although引导让步状语从句句型
(1)although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”。
(2)句子使用了although引导让步状语从句时,主句前不可再用but。
-40-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
①
birds
use
their
feathers
for
flight,some
of
their
feathers
are
for
other
purposes.(2017·北京卷,单项填空)?
②
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special,it’s
still
worth
a
try...(2016·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
(2)单句改错
③Although
I
was
then
too
young
to
understand
the
meaning
of
the
film,but
I
remember
my
family
were
moved
to
tears.
Although
Although
去掉but
-41-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
5.Without
doubt,the
number
of
jobs
in
information
technology
will
multiply.(Page
28)毫无疑问,信息技术领域的工作职位将会大幅度地增加。
→without
doubt的常用句型
(1)without
doubt表示“毫无疑问”,一般放在句首或句中。
(2)该结构可以和There
is
no
doubt
that...句式进行改写,其中that引导同位语从句。
-42-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练
(1)完成句子
①It
is
the
most
annoying
of
all.?
这无疑是所有事情中最令人讨厌的。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)
(2)写作升级
②Without
doubt,they
didn’t
tell
the
truth.
→[满分表达]
they
didn’t
tell
the
truth.?
without
doubt
There’s
no
doubt
that(共44张PPT)
Unit
15 Learning
-2-
主题语境:谈论教育
-3-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.suspect
v.怀疑;不信任;觉得 n.可疑分子,嫌疑犯 adj.可疑的;靠不住的
[高考佳句]
①Many
scientists
workers
first
would
have
put
the
blocks
on
sleds.?
许多科学家怀疑,工匠们先把石块放在滑板上。(2015·四川卷,阅读理解E篇)
suspect(that)+从句
怀疑……
suspect
sb
of(doing)
sth
怀疑某人(做)某事
be
suspected
of
doing
sth
被怀疑做某事
suspect
-4-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练单句语法填空
②What
made
you
suspect
her
having
picked
your
pocket??
③She
(suspect)
that
one
of
her
three
daughters
had
picked
it
up,but
the
girls
said
they
hadn’t.?
of
suspected
-5-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.instruct
v.指导,教导;指示,命令
[经典例句]
①The
letter
him
to
report
to
headquarters
immediately.?
那封信指示他立即向总部汇报。
instructed
-6-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(1)as
instructed
按照指示
instruct
sb
in
sth
指导/教导某人某事
instruct
sb
to
do
sth
指示某人做某事
instruct
sb
that
sb(should)
do
sth
命令某人做某事
(2)instruction
n.用法指南;指示
follow
the
instructions
按照说明操作
ignore/carry
out
sb’s
instructions
忽视/执行某人的命令
under
instructions
接到命令
(3)instructor
n.教练;讲师
instructive
adj.增长知识的;富有教育意义的
-7-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②We
returned
the
questionnaire
.?
我们按照指示交回调查表。
(2)单句语法填空
③Another
beneficial
aspect
of
group
exercise
is
the
informational
support
participants
receive
from
the
(instruct).?
④He
instructed
a
wall
should
be
built
around
the
city.?
as
instructed
that
instructor
-8-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.alternative
adj.非传统的;另类的;可替代的
n.可供选择的事物
[高考佳句]
①The
disappearance
of
dinosaurs
is
not
necessarily
caused
by
astronomical
incidents.But
explanations
are
hard
to
find.?
恐龙的消失并不一定是由天文事件引起的。但是很难找到其他的解释。(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
an
alternative
use/way/route/road
可供选择的用途/方法/路线/路
the
only
alternative
唯一的选择
have
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth
除做某事外别无选择
an
alternative
method
of(doing)
sth
做某事的其他方法
alternative
-9-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②The
way
was
blocked,so
we
went
by
.?
那条路被堵住了,所以我们走了另一条路。
(2)写作升级
③Caught
in
the
act,he
could
do
nothing
but
confess.
→[满分表达]
Caught
in
the
act,he
confess.
an
alternative
road
had
no
alternative
but
-10-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.lack
v.缺乏;没有;不足 n.缺乏;匮乏;短缺
[高考佳句]
①The
real
museum
enough
artwork
to
interest
her.?
那个真正的博物馆缺少足够的艺术品来使她感兴趣。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
(1)lack
something
缺少某物
lack
for
nothing
应有尽有
a(complete/distinct)
lack
of...(完全/明显)缺乏……
for/through
lack
of...因为缺少……
no
lack
of
不缺少
(2)lacking
adj.短缺的,缺乏的
be
lacking
in...缺少……
lacked
-11-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)用lack短语的恰当形式填空
②To
be
punctual
one
has
to
have
self-discipline,and
affects
others.?
一个人要守时就得自律,缺乏自律会影响他人。
③But
you
can’t
be
successful
when
there’s
trust
in
a
relationship
that
results
from
an
action
where
the
wrongdoer
takes
no
responsibility
to
fix
the
mistake.?
但是当在一个由犯错者不承担责任来改正错误的行为而导致的关系中缺乏信任时,你就不可能成功。(2015·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)
the
lack
of
it
a
lack
of
-12-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(2)写作升级
④As
I
lacked
a
mirror
image
in
the
mother
who
raised
me,I
had
to
seek
my
identity
as
a
woman
on
my
own.
→[满分表达]
in
the
mother
who
raised
me,I
had
to
seek
my
identity
as
a
woman
on
my
own.
Lacking
a
mirror
image
-13-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
5.access
n.(使用或见到的)机会,权利;通道;入径
[高考佳句]
①People
health
care
than
they
used
to,and
they’re
living
longer
as
a
result.?
与过去相比,人们能更好地享受医疗保健,他们也更长寿了。(2017·北京卷,单项填空)
(1)have
access
to
拥有……的机会或权利
the
only
access
to
到……的唯一途径
get/gain
access
to
得到……的机会或权利
(2)accessible
adj.易受影响的;易接近的;可进入的;易理解的
be
accessible
to
容易进入……,容易接近……
(3)accessibly
adv.可到达地;可接近地;可使用地;可进入地
have
better
access
to
-14-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②TOKNOW
makes
complex
ideas
attractive
and
to
children,who
can
become
involved
in
advanced
concepts
and
even
philosophy...?
TOKNOW使得复杂的思想变得具有吸引力,并能为那些可能涉入高级概念甚至是哲学的孩子们所理解……(2017·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)
③Thus
I
have
been
allowed
their
living
environment.?
这样我已被允许进入他们的生活环境。(2016·四川卷,阅读理解C篇)
accessible
to
gain
access
to
-15-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
④All
students
the
Writing
Centre
on
the
upper
floor
of
Douglas
Hall.?
所有学生都有到道格拉斯大厅上层的写作中心的权利。
(2)写作升级
⑤The
artist
wants
his
music
which
can
be
understood
by
everyone.
→[满分表达]
The
artist
wants
his
music
to
be
everyone.?
have
access
to
accessible
to
-16-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
6.worthwhile
adj.值得努力的,值得花时间的
[高考佳句]
①...he
realised
he
would
take
a
loss
by
selling
it
to
us,but
...?
……他意识到把(房子)卖给我们会蒙受损失,但很值得……(2015·天津卷,完形填空)
be
worthwhile
值得
be
worthwhile
to
do/doing
值得做
it
was
worthwhile
-17-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
词义精析
(1)worthwhile“值得的”,可做表语、定语或补足语。指花时间(金钱、努力等)去做某事是值得的,常用于It
is
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth句型中,但不能说Sth
is
worthwhile
doing。
(2)worth“值……”,后接表示价值的数词;“值得”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式(不能接动词不定式),表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。只可做表语。
(3)worthy“值得的”,可做表语或定语。常用结构为worthy
of
sth,worthy
of
being
done和worthy
to
be
done。
-18-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②...the
risk
seems
worth
(take).(2016·北京卷,七选五阅读)?
(2)用worthwhile,worth或worthy填空
③Sometimes
we
decide
that
a
little
unnecessary
danger
is
it...(2016·北京卷,七选五阅读)?
④We
all
felt
we
had
done
something
for
the
local
community.?
⑤Their
achievements
are
of
the
highest
praise.?
taking
worth
worthwhile
worthy
-19-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
(3)写作升级
It
is
worthwhile
visiting
the
museum.
→⑥[满分表达]The
museum
is
visited.?
→⑦[满分表达]
The
museum
is
.?
worthy
of
being
worth
visiting
-20-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
7.reputation
n.名誉,名声
[高考佳句]
①Many
Chinese
brands,having
developed
their
over
centuries,are
facing
new
challenges
from
the
modern
market.?
许多中国品牌已经享有几个世纪的声誉,现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)
have
a
reputation
of
有……名声
have
a
good/bad
reputation
for
因……而有好/坏名声
reputations
-21-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②They
have
a
reputation
providing
a
great
riding
experience.?
(2)完成句子
③Although
he
is
known
to
only
a
few
people
here,
is
very
great.?
虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。
for
his
reputation
abroad
-22-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
8.ignore
vt.忽视,不顾
[高考佳句]
①Write
another
email
as
swiftly
as
you
can
and
send
it
with
a
brief
title
explaining
that
this
is
the
correct
version
and
the
previous
version
.?
尽快再写一封电子邮件,并附上简短的标题发送出去,说明这是正确的版本,而以前的版本应该被忽略。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)
(1)ignore
one’s
advice/warning
不理会某人的建议/警告
ignore
one’s
remarks/protests
不理睬某人的话/抗议
(2)ignorance
n.无知
show
ignorance
of/about
sth
表明对……的无知
(3)ignorant
adj.无知的,幼稚的,无学识的
be
ignorant
of/about
对……无知
should
be
ignored
-23-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②Being
(ignore)
of
the
electronic
products
the
students
are
talking
about,I
find
myself
left
behind.?
由于对学生们正谈论的电子产品一无所知,我发现自己被落在了后面。
③The
person
who
sets
out
late
might
be
careless
in
driving.He
will
.?
出发晚了的人可能会粗心驾驶,他会忽视交通规则。
④These
are
exactly
the
kinds
of
costs
many
of
us
tend
...
这些正是我们很多人常会忽视的几种花费……
ignore
traffic
rules
to
ignore
ignorant
-24-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
9.urge
v.催促;力劝,强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望,冲动
[高考佳句]
①I
never
felt
any
sign
language
before.?
我以前从来没有学习手语的强烈欲望。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
(1)urge
sb
to
do
sth/urge
sb
into
doing
sth
强烈要求某人做某事
urge
sth
on/upon
sb
对某人强调某事
have
an
urge
to
do
sth
有做某事的强烈愿望
urge
that...(从句用should
do,should可以省略)催促某人(应该)做某事
(2)urgent
adj.紧急的,紧迫的
urgently
adv.紧急地,紧迫地
urgency
n.紧急的事
an
urge
to
learn
-25-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Having
enough
fat
and
salt
in
your
meals
will
to
snack
between
meals
and
will
improve
the
taste
of
your
food.?
三餐中有足够的脂肪和盐将减少你两餐间吃点心的欲望,并将改善你食物的味道。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,语篇填空)
③But
she
kept
? ? a
look
at
least.?
但她一直催促我们至少看一看。
(2)单句语法填空
④Dad
urged
that
I
(pack)
my
bag
for
my
trip.?
reduce
the
urge
urging
us
to
have
(should)
pack
-26-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
10.adapt
vt.(使)适应;改编 vi.适应,适合
[高考佳句]
①So
even
if
emissions
were
to
begin
to
decrease
today,we
would
still
face
the
challenge
of
climate
change.?
所以,即使今天排放量开始下降,我们仍然面临适应气候变化的挑战。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)
(1)adapt...to...使……适应……
adapt
oneself
to
适应……
be
well
adapted
to
特别适应……
adapt...from...由……改编
(2)adaptable
adj.能适应的,适应性强的
adaptation
n.改编(本);适应
adapting
to
-27-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)单句语法填空
②When
it
comes
to
(adapt),it
is
important
to
understand
that
climate
change
is
a
process.(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
(2)用adapt短语的恰当形式填空
③Serious
readers
will
both
get
excited
over
what
happens
in
some
news
stories
and
the
reality.?
认真的读者不仅对一些新闻故事感到兴奋,也会适应现实。
adaptation
adapt
themselves
to
-28-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
1.lay
off
裁员;解雇;停止
[教材原句]
①Three
months
ago,when
my
manager
told
me
that
I
would
,my
mind
went
blank
and
my
heart
swelled
with
anger.(Page
36)?
三个月前,当经理告诉我我将要下岗时,我大脑一片空白,怒火满腔。
(1)lay
off
doing
sth
停止做某事
lay
out
展开;布置;花费
lay
up
搁置不用
lay
down
放下;规定,制定
lay
aside
把……放在一边
(2)lie
→lied
→lied
撒谎
lie
→lay
→lain
躺;位于
lay
→laid
→laid
放置;产卵
be
laid
off
-29-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②I
got
so
angry
with
him
for
the
law.?
我因他制定这项法规十分生气。(2017·天津卷,阅读表达)
③They
because
of
the
lack
of
new
orders.?
由于没有新的订货,他们遭到暂时解雇。
laying
down
were
laid
off
-30-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
2.be
accustomed
to
习惯于(表示状态)
[高考佳句]
①However,instead
of
devoting
themselves
to
their
work,they
find
themselves
working
to
support
the
lifestyle
to
which
they
have
so
quickly
.?
然而,这些人并不是全身心地投入到工作中,他们发觉自己工作的目的只是为了维持那种他们很快就习惯了的生活方式。(2016·浙江卷,完形填空)
(1)be
accustomed
to(doing)
sth=be
used
to(doing)
sth
习惯(做)某事
get/become/grow
accustomed
to(doing)
sth
变得适应(做)某事
(2)accustom
v.使……习惯于……
accustom
oneself
to
使自己习惯于……
become
accustomed
-31-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②You
will
soon
the
climate
here.?
你会很快习惯这里的气候的。
get
accustomed
to
-32-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
3.tend
to
往往会;倾向于
[高考佳句]
①People
blind
to
the
beauty
around
them.?
人们往往无视他们身边的美。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
tend
to/towards
倾向于
tend
to
sb
照顾某人;照料某人
tend
to
be
-33-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练
(1)完成句子
②Just
as
importantly,we
associate
fresh
air
with
health
care.?
同样重要的是,我们倾向于将新鲜空气与健康联系起来。(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)
(2)写作升级
③Our
English
teacher
often
remains
patient
even
if
we
ask
the
same
question
several
times.
→[满分表达]
Our
English
teacher
patient
even
if
we
ask
the
same
question
several
times.?
tends
to
remain
tend
to
-34-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
4.approve
of
赞成,赞许;批准
[教材原句]
①At
first,people
his
?
studies
and
urged
him
to
continue...
起初,人们赞成他的研究,并且强烈要求他继续……
(1)approval
n.同意,赞成,认可
with/without
approval
of
经/未经……的批准
meet
with
one’s
approval
得到某人的同意
(2)be
for
赞成,支持
be
in
favour
of
同意,赞成
be
against
反对
object
to反对
approved
of
-35-
高频单词
重点短语
难点句型
四维热练完成句子
②Though
not
everyone
the
new
dance,saying
it
was
a
little
too
shocking,the
dance
did
find
enough
supporters
to
make
it
popular.?
虽然并不是每个人都赞成这种新舞蹈,说它有点太令人震惊,但这种舞蹈还是有足够多的支持者,使它十分流行。
approved
of
-36-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
1.I
felt
as
if
I
had
done
something
wrong!(Page
36)我感觉好像自己犯了错!
→as
if
引导表语从句句型
(1)sb
feels
as
if...表示“某人感觉到好像……”,as
if引导表语从句。
(2)在as
if引导的从句中,应根据情况确定是否应用虚拟语气,如果和事实相符用真实语气,如果和事实不符则应用虚拟语气。
四维热练单句语法填空
①The
girl
felt
as
if
she
herself
(become)
a
fairy.?
②The
teacher
talked
with
us
as
if
he
(know)
about
that.?
③The
kids
were
very
friendly
with
her
and
even
looked
up
to
her
as
if
she
(be)
their
own
mother.(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)?
would
become
had
known
were
-37-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
2.
I
got
my
grandson
to
instruct
me
on
how
to
email
and
use
the
Internet
and
I
really
enjoy
the
speed
at
which
my
messages
get
sent
and
answered.(Page
36)我让我孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的喜欢信息发送和回复的速度。
→“get+过去分词”表示被动的句型
句中get
sent
and
answered意为“(信息)传送和回复”,“get+过去分词”在句中表示被动,译作“被……,变得……,成……状态”。
-38-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练单句语法填空
①Others
get
(pay)
by
marketing
the
event.?
(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
②Though
willing
to
get
(start),we
cannot
seem
to
do
the
job
right.(2016·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③The
young
man
got
(charge)
because
he
broke
into
the
old
man’s
house.?
started
charged
paid
-39-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
3.Anyway,it’s
time
for
me
to
go
now.(Page
36)不管怎么说,我现在该走了。
→It’s
time...句型
(1)It’s
time
for
sb
to
do
sth
表示“该是某人做某事的时候了”。
(2)It’s
time还常用于结构“It’s
time
that...”,在that从句中,谓语动词应用过去时态。
四维热练完成句子
for
her
to
have
a
new
baby,and
for
the
young
panda
to
be
independent.?
该是她生小宝宝的时候了,也该是小熊猫独立的时候了。(2016·四川卷,语法填空)
It
was
time
it
was
also
time
-40-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
4.I
haven’t
seen
Mr
Jenkins
since
I
left
school
but
I
often
think
about
him.(Page
40)我毕业以来一直没见过詹金斯先生,但我经常想起他。
→since引导时间状语(从句)的句型
(1)句中“I
haven’t
seen...since...”是一个含有since的句型,表示“自从……以来我没见过……”。
(2)since用以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……以来”,主句应用现在完成时态,since从句用一般过去时态。
(3)句型“It
is/has
been+一段时间+since...”表示“自从……有多长时间了”。
-41-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练单句语法填空
①Since
2011,the
country
(grow)
more
corn
than
rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,语篇填空)?
②My
son
Jody
(hate)
school
since
day
one
in
kindergarten.(2016·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
③It
is
two
weeks
you
came
to
our
school
and
you
are
going
to
return
to
England
soon.(2016·天津卷,书面表达)?
has
hated
since
has
grown
-42-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
5.The
government
should
have
put
more
money
towards
science
education.(Page
40)政府本应该多拨些款用于自然科学的教育。
→should
have
done句型
should
have
done表示“本该做而未做”,许多情态动词和have
done搭配表示特定的意义,比如:
(1)could
have
done“可能已做了;本来能做”。
(2)might
have
done“可能已做了;本来可以做”。
(3)must
have
done“一定已做了”。
(4)need
have
done“本需要做而未做”。
(5)couldn’t
have
done“不可能已做了”。
(6)shouldn’t
have
done“本不该做而做了”。
(7)needn’t
have
done“本不必做而做了”。
-43-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
四维热练完成句子
①Sure,I
her,but
something
prevented
me
from
doing
so.?
当然,我本来是能问问她的,但某件事却阻止我而没能这么做。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
②I
for
ten
minutes.?
我一定谈了有十分钟。(2016·江苏卷,完形填空)
③You
at
the
hotel.I
could
put
you
up.?
你本不必住宾馆,我可以为你提供住宿。
could
have
asked
must
have
talked
needn’t
have
stayed
-44-
重点短语
难点句型
高频单词
④—It’s
now
so
slippery
that
you
can’t
ride
back
home.
—So
it
is!I
my
bike
here.?
——现在很滑,你无法骑车回家了。
——是很滑,我本不该骑车来这儿的。
⑤Dad
dinner
with
us,but
he
wasn’t
available.?
爸爸本来是可以和我们一起吃晚饭的,但他没有空。
shouldn’t
have
ridden
could
have
had
