2022届高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题二介词与介词短语课件(13张ppt）

(共13张PPT)
专题二　介词与介词短语
-2-
基础考法
考法1　考查介词的基本用法
高考对于介词基本用法的考查主要出现在语篇填空中,常以在具体语境中考查高频介词的形式出现。
【典型例题1】(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Modern
methods
　　　tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s.
解析:考查介词。该空前面是methods,后面是动词-ing形式,应填介词,所以用of表示所属关系,也可填for。
考法总结of或for作为介词,除了用在固定搭配中,也需要注意对其单独的考查。
【典型例题2】(2020·天津卷改编)Detective
Ashley
Jones
works
at
a
police
department
　　　　　　England.?
解析:句意:阿什利·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。in用于较大的地方前,at用于较小的地方前,此处用in。
-3-
基础考法
考法2　考查介词的搭配
介词与动词、名词、形容词、副词、其他介词等的习惯搭配比较固定,是高考考查的热点和难点。考生要准确掌握同一介词与不同词搭配以及不同介词与同一词搭配的准确含义,解题时要注意把握语境,从而轻松确定答案。
【典型例题3】(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)Most
of
us
are
more
focused
　　　　　　our
tasks
in
the
morning
than
we
are
later
in
the
day.?
解析:be
focused
on为固定短语,意为“集中于……”。故填on。
考法总结高考对介词的考查通常以固定搭配的形式进行,有时是考查短语的变式,比如本题就是考查focus...on的形容词短语形式。
-4-
基础考法
【典型例题4】(2015·课标全国Ⅰ卷)For
those
who
fly
to
Guilin,it’s
only
an
hour
away
　　　　　　car
and
offers
all
the
scenery
of
the
better
known
city.?
解析:句意:对于那些乘坐飞机去桂林的人来说,乘汽车(去阳朔)只需要一个小时的车程,而且这里(阳朔)
有那座更有名的城市(桂林)的所有景色。by
car为固定搭配,意为“乘汽车”。故填by。
考法总结“by+交通工具”表示移动方式,意为“乘坐某种交通工具”。根据空后表示交通工具的名词car可以推断此处填by。
-5-
基础考法
【典型例题5】(2020·天津卷改编)The
dancer’s
incredible
performance
had
the
audience
on
its
feet
clapping
for
10
minutes
　　　　　　the
end
of
the
show.?
解析:句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演在表演结束时让观众起立鼓掌10分钟。at
the
end
of
在……末端;在……的结尾,固定搭配。
【典型例题6】(2019·江苏卷改编)Favorable
policies
are
　　　
　　effect
to
encourage
employees’
professional
development.?
解析:句意:优惠政策有效地鼓励了员工的职业发展。in
effect“有效;生效”。故填in。
考法总结in
effect为固定搭配。意为“有效,生效”。
-6-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2019·江苏南通中学模考)“Made
in
China
2025”
aims
to
transform
China
　　　　　a
product-making
factory
into
a
product-making
power.?
2.(2019·河北武邑中学高三月考)Parents
are
attaching
great
importance
　　　　　children’s
calligraphy
practice.?
3.(2019·山东临沂期中)Last
night
Mr.Crook
met
some
friends
and
stayed
　　　　　until/till
midnight.?
4.Zhu
De
was
born
　　　　　December
1,1886
to
a
poor
farmer’s
family
in
a
town
in
Yilong
County,a
hilly
and
isolated
part
of
northern
Sichuan
Province.?
5.Most
caves
are
formed
　　　　　nature
under
the
ground,and
some
have
entrances
people
can
find.?
from
to
out
on
by
-7-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
6.Always
ride
your
bike
　　　　　a
safe,controlled
manner
on
campus(大学校园).?
7.I
was
born
in
a
town
called
Blackburn,and
lived
there
till
I
left
home
　　　　　the
age
of
eighteen.?
8.According
to
the
World
Health
Organisation,about
200
million
people
suffer
　　　　　　malaria
around
the
world.?
9.She
also
goes
to
other
countries
where
people
cannot
afford
this
treatment
and
helps
them
　　　　　free.?
10.(2016·天津卷改编)Mary
was
silent
during
the
early
part
of
the
discussion
but
finally
she
gave
voice
　　　　　her
opinion
on
the
subject.?
in
at
from
for
to
-8-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
1.Unfortunately,my
efforts
ended
in
failure
because
another
friend
Amy
carelessly
let
out
of
my
plan.
2.I
would
be
grateful
if
you
could
be
so
kind
to
provide
me
for
the
information
and
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
3.After
that,everyone
enjoyed
the
sweet
birthday
cake
and
shared
with
my
happiness.
删除of　
for→with　
删除with　
-9-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
4.We
never
know
one
minute
on
the
stage
takes
away
ten
years
of
practice.
5.Many
people
view
sailing
for
romantic
and
relaxing.
6.The
good
thing
about
children
is
that
they
adapt
very
easily
new
environments.
删除away　
for→as　
在easily后加to　
-10-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
7.Not
having
promoted
the
new
digital
camera
successfully,the
company
should
reflect
its
original
marketing
methods.
8.Be
careful!Don’t
let
the
false
information
on
your
mobile
phone
take
you
out.
9.Nowadays
when
it
comes
at
diet
and
exercise,people
all
know
what
to
do.
在reflect后加on　
out→in　
at→to　
10.After
studying
in
a
medical
college
for
five
years,Jane
took
over
her
job
as
a
doctor
in
the
countryside.
over→up　
-11-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
One
day,I
was
walking
in
the
street
when
I
noticed
a
woman
1.
　　　　　　(come)
up
to
me
with
a
nervous
smile
and
said,“Sir,can
you
help
a
person
out?
I
haven’t
eaten
for
almost
two
days.”
I
handed
2.　　　　　　(she)
a
few
quarters
and
watched
her
walk
away.?
That
area
was
so
poor
and
3.　　　　　　(rule)
by
drugs
and
crimes
that
I
walked
to
the
corner
and
stopped
by
the
door
of
the
ATM
machine(自动取款机).Then
I
4.
　　　　　　(walk)
inside
and
made
sure
that
no
one
came
in
behind
me.?
coming
her
ruled
walked
-12-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
I
put
my
card
into
the
machine
and
deposited
my
money
with
a
sigh
of
relief.5.　　　　　　
I
turned
to
leave,I
saw
a
wallet
sitting
on
another
machine.I
had
a
look
at
it,the
name
on
the
licence
was
one
I
could
not
pronounce,but
whoever
he
was,he
was
going
to
get
into
a
panic
over
a
wallet
6.　　　　　　
his
identification
in
it
being
lost
in
this
city.?
When/As
with
-13-
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
I
put
it
in
my
pocket
and
went
home.In
my
apartment,I
checked
the
online
phone
book
7.　　　　　　(find)
out
whether
there
was
someone
who
matched
the
name
on
the
cards
in
the
wallet,but
without
luck.I
picked
up
the
bank
card
and
had
8.　　　　
thought.Because
I
wanted
to
help
the
guy,I
called
his
bank.But
the
girl
over
the
phone
said
they
could
not
give
out
any
personal
information
about
their
clients.So
I
left
my
contact
information
with
her
and
asked
her
to
tell
the
9.　　　　　　(own)
to
contact
me.Two
days
later,a
gentleman
who
was
10.　　　　　　(thank)
appeared
at
my
office
and
I
gave
him
back
his
wallet.?
I
smiled
all
day
long.Doing
good
for
others
does
good
for
you.
to
find
a
owner
thankful