2022届高三英语一轮复习人教版2019必修第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness 分层训练（含答案）

Unit
3　Sports
and
fitness
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He
finished
second
in
the
　　　　(champion).?
2.I
have
hardly
enough
　　　　(strong)
left
to
move
my
feet.?
3.The
businessman
has
achieved
great
success
in
his
career,but
as
a
father,he
is
a
　　　　(fail).?
4.They
said
the
　　　　
were
taken
to
a
hospital
nearby,and
fortunately
the
　　　　
was
not
serious.(injure)?
5.Moving
into
a
new
house
is
a
very
　　　　(stress)experience.?
6.We
were
deeply
impressed
with
the
　　　　(grace)
movements
of
the
ballet
dancers.?
7.In
many
sports,physical
　　　　(fit)is
not
as/so
important
as
technique.?
8.Some
US
industries
are
not
as
　　　　(compete)
as
they
have
been
in
the
past
years.?
Ⅱ.短语达标
1.Helen
has
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(树立了好榜样)
all
of
us;
we
should
learn
from
her.?
2.It’s
a
pity
that
their
marriage
finally
　　　　　　　(破裂).?
3.Although
Mike
was
in
trouble,he
didn’t
　　　　　　　　(失去信心).?
4.Jason
encouraged
her,telling
her
not
to
　　　　　　(放弃).?
5.It
isn’t
what
you
have
done
but
what
you
will
do
that
　　　　　　　　(有
作用).?
6.My
sister
would
take
a
walk
along
the
river
　　　　　　　　(而不是)see
a
film
in
the
cinema.?
7.He
goes
to
see
his
grandmother
　　　　　　　　　(偶尔),though
he’s
very
busy.?
8.Can
you
　　　　　　　　(解决)
the
problem
with
this
method??
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.学生会主席约翰号召我们帮助有需要的学生。(同位语)
John,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,calls
on
us
to
help
those
students
in
need.?
2.我确信这次考试你会考得更好的,因为今年你学习一直都很努力。(现在完成进行时)
I’m
sure
you
will
do
better
in
the
tests
because
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
this
year.?
3.尽管他很忙,他还是愿意帮我们。(even
if引导让步状语从句)
He
is
still
willing
to
help
us
?
　.?
4.一旦你更好地了解了中国的餐桌礼仪,你就知道在晚宴上该做什么了。(once引导条件状语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the
Chinese
table
manners,you
will
know
what
to
do
at
the
dinner
party.?
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Working
out
on
an
empty
stomach
could
increase
the
health
benefits
of
the
activity,according
to
a
well-timed
new
study
of
the
interaction
of
meal
timing,
physical
health
and
exercise.
The
study,which
involved
people
sitting
for
long
and
moderate
cycling,suggests
that
whether
and
when
we
eat
may
affect
how
exercise
affects
us.In
general,any
exercise
improves
our
health.But
a
wealth
of
recent
science
and
personal
experience
indicates
that
different
people
can
respond
to
similar
exercise
routines
in
different
ways.Even
if
everyone
completes
the
same
amount
of
exercise,some
people
become
fitter
than
others,or
lose
more
weight,or
gain
greater
control
of
their
blood
sugar.
Most
exercise
scientists
believe
that
our
genes,diets,figures,characters
and
other
subtle
aspects
of
our
lives
act
together
to
shape
how
our
bodies
react
to
exercise.But
some
researchers
suspect
that
meal
timing
matters
as
well.Working
muscles
need
fuel
during
exercise,mostly
in
the
form
of
sugar
or
fat.That
fuel
can
come
from
our
most
recent
meal,once
its
constitution
sugars
and
fats
reach
our
bloodstreams,or
from
our
bodies’stores
of
fats
and
sugars.
We
all
have
such
stores,especially
of
fat,some
of
it
staying
in
our
muscles
and
they
are
well
and
evenly
matched.This
muscle
fat
becomes
problematic
if
we
accumulate
too
much
of
it.Fatty
muscles
do
not
respond
well
to
the
hormone
insulin
(胰岛素),which
directs
sugar
from
the
blood
into
the
muscles.As
a
result,excess
fat
can
contribute
to
insulin
resistance,high
blood
sugar
levels
and
increased
risks
for
Type
2
diabetes
and
other
metabolic
(新陈代谢的)
conditions.
1.What
do
recent
science
and
personal
experience
indicate?
A.Any
exercise
improves
our
health.
B.Different
people
react
differently
to
similar
exercise.
C.Meal
timing
has
an
effect
on
the
result
of
exercising.
D.People
sitting
for
a
long
time
always
enjoy
the
benefit
of
riding.
2.Which
can
best
replace
the
underlined
word
“constitution”
in
Paragraph
3?
A.Fuel.
B.Meal.
C.Component.
D.Muscle.
3.What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.Stores
of
fat
aren’t
averagely
spread
in
muscles.
B.Fat
directs
sugar
from
the
blood
into
muscles.
C.Too
much
fat
will
finally
lead
to
health
problems.
D.Hormone
insulin
will
contribute
to
risky
conditions.
4.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.Exercising
with
an
empty
stomach
benefits
people.
B.Fat
and
sugar
will
provide
people
with
enough
fuel.
C.The
accumulation
of
muscle
fat
can’t
be
good
enough.
D.Many
unnoticeable
aspects
act
together
to
influence
exercise.
B
Here’s
the
list
of
skiers,who
have
won
four
consecutive
(连续的)
world
championships:
Nobody.
Well,nobody
except
Mikaela
Shiffrin,who
did
it
last
Saturday
in
Are,Sweden.The
Colorado
skier,still
just
23,is
the
best
story,really,of
this
sports
winter
in
the
slalom
(障碍滑雪).
She
pulled
it
off,despite
an
illness
that
challenged
her
breathing.Shiffrin
told
NBC
after
her
win
that
her
mother,Eileen,advised
her
before
her
second
run:
You
don’t
have
to
do
this.But
Shiffrin
told
herself
what
she
had
told
herself
many
times
before:
“I
just
need
60
seconds.”
So
she
did
it,and
she
got
it.Shiffrin
is
closing
in
on
her
third
World
Cup
overall
title.She’s
ranked
No.1
on
the
planet
in
slalom.
In
women’s
skiing,the
mountain
is
now
Shiffrin’s.She’s
earned
it.Those
two
(and
soon
three)
World
Cup
overalls;
56
World
Cup
individual
victories;
and,oh
yeah,right,three
Olympic
medals,two
of
them
gold.Shiffrin
is
already
considered
a
serious
threat
to
Ingemar
Stenmark’s
record
of
86
World
Cup
victories,and
Lindsey
Vonn’s
82,though
the
34-year-old
surely
would
have
collected
more
had
she
not
suffered
repeated
injuries
during
her
career.Of
course,Shiffrin
may
wind
up
chasing
someone
else’s
mark—Austria’s
brilliant
Marcel
Hirscher,29,who
now
has
68
World
Cup
wins.
At
the
same
time,Shiffrin
loathes
all
the
talk
about
the
numbers
and
records.“People
see
the
records
and
statistics.They
are
asking
for
more,more,more...it
looks
easy,but
it
isn’t.Nowhere
close,”
Shiffrin
wrote.“What
I
see
is
training,sleepless
nights,pain,doubt,delayed
lights,canceled
flights,lost
luggage,expense,adventure,and
some
races
mixed
in
there.”
That’s
what
happens
when
you’re
as
good
as
she
is.But
nobody’s
been
as
good
as
she
is.In
a
sense,Shiffrin
is
just
getting
started.It’s
very
possible
she
will
be
at
her
peak
powers
when
the
Winter
Olympics
arrive
in
Beijing
in
2022.
5.What
do
we
know
about
Mikaela
Shiffrin
in
her
recent
slalom
race?
A.She
was
not
in
her
best
physical
condition.
B.She
pulled
out
of
the
race
in
the
second
run.
C.She
followed
her
mother’s
advice
and
succeeded.
D.She
told
herself
a
one-minute
story
before
the
race.
6.Whose
record
of
World
Cup
victories
is
Mikaela
Shiffrin
getting
close
to?
A.Eileen
Shiffrin’s.
B.Ingemar
Stenmark’s.
C.Lindsey
Vonn’s.
D.Marcel
Hirscher’s.
7.Which
of
the
following
best
explains
“loathes”
underlined
in
Paragraph
5?
A.Summarizes.
B.Gives
away.
C.Dislikes.
D.Focuses
on.
8.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Shiffrin
Is
Moving
Mountains
B.Shiffrin
Is
at
Her
Peak
C.The
Rise
and
Fall
of
a
Colorado
Skier
D.The
Most
Popular
Winter
Sports
Ⅱ.完形填空
Nancy
is
a
kindergarten
teacher
in
Mason
City.One
day
Camden,one
of
the
4-year-old
boys
in
her
class,came
to
her
with
a
　1　
about
his
dad,Derreld.
Nancy’s
heart
　2　
seeing
this
little
boy
so
　3　
and
upset.She
promised
Camden
that
she
would
do
whatever
she
could
to
assist.He
believed
her
and
knew
that
she
would
keep
her
　4　.?
The
moment
school
was
out,Nancy
rushed
to
the
　5　.She
had
done
all
the
required
tests
and
　6　
all
the
necessary
paperwork.Finally,she
was
given
the
　7　
by
her
doctors,and
she
was
told
that
she
was
a
　8　
match.?
The
day
had
finally
arrived.The
doctors
that
were
　9　the
procedure
were
the
best
transplant
surgeons
in
the
hospital.In
fact,　10　the
surgeons
had
done
everything
in
their
power
for
the
procedure
to
be
a
success,there
were
no
　11　.There
was
always
that
chance
that
it
wouldn’t
work.　12　,Derreld’s
body
accepted
Nancy’s
kidney
(肾).?
A
teacher’s
　13　
is
to
teach
the
kids
in
her
class
information
that
will
help
them
for
the
rest
of
their
school
career
and
life.However,this
teacher
went
　14　her
duty
when
one
of
her
pupils
　15　
her.?
1.A.gift
B.secret
C.note
D.promise
2.A.pounded
B.failed
C.raced
D.sank
3.A.sad
B.excited
C.curious
D.annoyed
4.A.position
B.state
C.word
D.balance
5.A.house
B.playground
C.hospital
D.office
6.A.filled
out
B.looked
through
C.took
down
D.handed
out
7.A.advice
B.permission
C.medicine
D.refusal
8.A.worrying
B.temporary
C.perfect
D.abnormal
9.A.making
B.using
C.following
D.performing
10.A.if
B.even
though
C.the
instant
D.when
11.A.results
B.rewards
C.guarantees
D.qualities
12.A.Fortunately
B.Normally
C.Initially
D.Directly
13.A.expectation
B.honour
C.description
D.responsibility
14.A.beyond
B.within
C.towards
D.opposite
15.A.scared
B.comforted
C.trusted
D.suspected
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.championship　2.strength　3.failure　4.injured;injury　5.stressful　6.graceful　7.fitness　8.competitive
Ⅱ.短语达标
1.set
a
good
example
to/for　2.fell
apart　3.lose
heart　4.give
up　5.makes
a
difference　6.rather
than　7.now
and
then　8.work
out
Ⅲ.句式仿写1.president
of
the
Students’
Union　2.you
have
been
studying
so
hard　3.even
if
he
is
very
busy　4.Once
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,不同的人对于相似锻炼有不同反应。故选B。
2.C　词义猜测题。根据划线句并结合后面的sugars
and
fats可推知,划线词意为“组成成分”。故选C。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句推断,太多脂肪将导致健康问题。故选C。
4.A　主旨大意题。根据全文的说明以及第一段第一句
可知,本文主要讲述空腹锻炼有益健康。故选A。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话可知,她在最近的一项赛事中,虽然赢得了比赛,但是身体却饱受疾病折磨,由此可以推断出她的身体并不是处于最佳状态。故选A。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第四段可知Shiffrin目前最接近的纪录就是Marcel
Hirscher的68场世界杯胜利纪录。故选D。
7.C　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段可知当人们通过数据,希望Shiffrin能做得更好时,她自己觉得是很难做到的。由此可知Shiffrin并不喜欢别人谈论数字和纪录,所以loathes就是“讨厌”的意思。故选C。
8.A　主旨大意题。本文第一段介绍了著名滑雪运动员Shiffrin连续四届赢得冠军的成就,然后第四段讲到Shiffrin继续向世界杯胜利纪录发起冲击,最后一段提到Shiffrin在未来可能会达到巅峰状态。由此可以总结出全文的主要内容就是Shiffrin一直在挑战自己,创造奇迹。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1.B　由下文描述可知,小男孩的父亲需要肾移植,小男孩把这个秘密告诉了老师Nancy。故选B。
2.D　根据常识和空后“seeing
this
little
boy
so
　3　
and
upset”可知,得知小男孩父亲的遭遇,并看到小男孩难过后,Nancy的心情应是低沉的。故选D。?
3.A　由下文
upset可知,空处需用sad,表示小男孩伤心难过。故选A。
4.C　由“He
believed
her”可知,小男孩相信老师会信守诺言。故选C。
5.C　根据后文“Finally,she
was
given
the
　7　
by
her
doctors”,可知,Nancy去了医院。故选C。?
6.A　根据空后“all
the
necessary
paperwork”及下文提到的做手术可知,手术之前应签署各种文件。故选A。
7.B　由后文Nancy捐肾的事情可知,Nancy捐肾的请求得到了医生的允许。故选B。
8.C　根据下文“Derreld’s
body
accepted
Nancy’s
kidney.”可知,Nancy的肾与男孩父亲完美匹配。故选C。
9.D　根据the
procedure可知,执行手术的医生是医院里最好的移植外科医生。故选D。
10.B　由下文“There
was
always
that
chance
that
it
wouldn’t
work.”可知,即便配型成功,移植手术也不能保证一定成功。故选B。
11.C　根据后文“There
was
always
that
chance
that
it
wouldn’t
work.”可知,不能保证手术成功。故选C。
12.A　根据后文“Derreld’s
body
accepted
Nancy’s
kidney.”可知,因为他们肾配型成功,所以这很幸运。故选A。
13.D　根据空后“to
teach
the
kids
in
her
class
information
that
will
help
them
for
the
rest
of
their
school
career
and
life”可知,此处是在谈论教师的职责。故选D。
14.A　Nancy为男孩的父亲捐肾,所以Nancy老师的付出远远超出了教师本应承担的责任。故选A。
15.C　空处需用动词trusted与第一段中的语句“She
promised...He
believed
her...”相呼应,升华了坚守诺言的主题。故选C。